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Hello! Hello!

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Welcome back to another episode of Diagnosing a Killer, The Mental Breakdown.

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Oh, shit! The mental br-br-br-br-br-breakdown.

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Haven't heard that in a while. My name is Kenna. I'm Koelle.

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And... hi. Hi! Good to see you again. How's it going, everybody?

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Yeah.

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It's been warming the hell up down here. It's been a very harsh winter.

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So I think the coldest it's gotten is like 40 at night.

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I think it's gonna get like 38 tonight or something now.

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Oh, maybe we'll see some snow.

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Well, not at 38. Yeah, no, definitely not.

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It's dry enough though.

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Yeah. Well, welcome back again to another Mental Breakdown.

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We're really excited that we've been able to bring these back to you guys.

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I know that a lot of people have been requesting them

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and been commenting on the fact that they really like them.

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So we're definitely gonna try to get a couple of these out every once in a while.

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Like I said, just pepper them in there when we can.

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It's all rando.

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Exactly. And if you guys have any suggestions on like anything you want us to talk about specifically,

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even if it's true crime case, go ahead and send us an email.

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We're at diagnosing a killer everywhere except for Twitter, which is at Killer Diagnosis.

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Go ahead and subscribe to the Patreon if you feel so inclined.

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That's a minimum, I think it's like a minimum of a dollar a month that you can donate

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and it gets us to be able to put out more content, have more free time on our hands

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as well as getting stickers and maybe like pens and patches like we talked about with RemaJraders

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for the patrons. We're gonna send those out.

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So go ahead and subscribe to that.

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We also have a bunch of new sponsors that we've had in our links of our episodes.

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We have about 10 people that we're affiliates with.

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We have, you know, essential oils. We have things for pets.

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We have like, you know, affiliates with that as well.

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So if you look in our show link, in our show notes and stuff, there's links that you can click on.

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And that would be really helpful as well for us if maybe you don't want to donate to the Patreon

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but you want to get a goodie for yourself and then help us out as well.

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That would be appreciated.

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I think we're just gonna hop on into this diagnosis.

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It's not really a one particular diagnosis like we did last time.

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I decided to go ahead and research common sleep disorders.

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I know that we've talked about narcolepsy before in the past, so I didn't include that here.

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If you want to hear more about that, you can go listen to the narcolepsy episode.

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We break that one down.

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This is just gonna be, I think there's like eight common sleep disorders, no particular order.

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Just something that I thought was pretty interesting.

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So we're just gonna go on and get started.

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So the first one is insomnia.

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A lot of people know about insomnia.

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A lot of people experience insomnia.

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It's defined as persistent problems falling asleep and or staying asleep.

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And while it's very common to experience symptoms of this, it does require a diagnosis to say that you have insomnia.

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Otherwise you would be experiencing symptoms of insomnia.

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So most cases of insomnia are related to poor sleep habits, depression, anxiety, lack of exercise, chronic illness,

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or even certain medications which kind of make sense.

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Some medications are stimulants that will keep you up.

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So I know I said that it's super common and I'm sure like pretty much everyone listening has either known someone that has insomnia

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or has experienced it themselves, but it's actually only reported that about 30 to 40% of adults in the U.S.

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have experienced insomnia at least once a year.

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Interesting.

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So it was a lower number than I thought.

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I thought it was gonna be like up in the 80s.

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Yeah, 60s or 70s.

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Yeah, exactly.

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But that is probably like medical insomnia and not like alcohol related or caffeine related or anything like that.

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Right.

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Because there's differences in the types.

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Now short-term insomnia may be caused by stress or changes in your schedule or the environment.

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And it usually lasts for a few days or even a week.

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In order to be diagnosed with chronic insomnia, it has to occur for three or more nights a week.

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It has to be occurring for the last three months and cannot be explained by another health problem or supplement.

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It's also common for a doctor to ask someone with suspected insomnia to keep like a sleep log of sorts

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if they kind of see like when they wake up and when they go to sleep and all that good stuff.

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That's a good suggestion just I think for anybody that's maybe difficult.

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You know what I mean?

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Like the patterns.

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Yeah.

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Just to like recognize the pattern because there's definitely been times where I've gone two to three days without really sleeping.

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Extra super depressing time but you know, but that's interesting if there's like a pattern and you do it over the course of a few months.

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Well, and then it's like if you fall asleep and then you wake up at 2.30 and you pee or whatever.

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Okay, I woke up at 2.30 or whatever.

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Right.

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Or if you just woke up and rolled over and you recognized it, right?

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Never mind that sounds like a terrible idea.

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I would never do that.

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Yeah.

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Just go back to bed.

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Well, what would be cool like with today's technology is if you could have like a like on your phone or something open and you just roll over and you just like touch it.

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And then you just like if you like if you remember if you're cognitive enough instead of having to like sit up and get a light and write.

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Well, some people have smart watches.

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That's true.

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Yeah.

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It tells you when you, you know what?

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Hello.

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I just created something.

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No, I didn't.

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Narcissist.

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Nobody's better than me.

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Usually most cases of insomnia can be cured by getting to the root cause of why a person cannot sleep and taking steps to prevent the cause rather than taking steps to sleep.

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Hmm.

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In more serious cases such as chronic insomnia, complex treatments may be needed to relieve the disorder.

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The most common form of treatment for chronic insomnia is cognitive behavioral therapy and medications such as sedatives to manage the disorder.

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Which is interesting that said medication can cause insomnia, but it can also treat insomnia.

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Yeah.

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If someone is suffering from chronic insomnia, it's best to seek treatment because untreated insomnia can actually affect your memory and concentration.

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It can also increase your risk of high blood pressure, coronary heart disease, diabetes and cancer.

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Whoa.

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Yeah.

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There's some major players there.

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I was like, oh, okay, maybe I should go get checked out.

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Number two.

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Coming in at number two.

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Number two is that.

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What a hundred.

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You're hot Kung Fu jizya.

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Oh my God.

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Does anyone remember that?

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Email us if you remember.

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If you remember Kung Fu jizya, please email us.

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Email us.

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And the number two is actually snoring.

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Oh.

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Now snoring is not necessarily considered a diagnosable disorder, but it is one of the most common things that people struggle with while sleeping.

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It affects actually up to 40% of men and 20% of women on a regular basis.

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Now snoring gets worse when a person gets...

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Person...

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Whoa.

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Now snoring gets worse when a person gets older or gains weight and this can also lead to other health problems as well.

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These are not the only things that cause snoring, however, other things can induce snoring such as late stage pregnancy, irregularly shaped bones in the face, swelling of the tonsils and adenoids, alcohol consumption, anahistamine or sleeping pill use, having an above average tongue size, and sicknesses like allergies or cold.

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I can attest to the alcohol use because I never snore worse than what I'm drinking early.

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Same.

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I always know when Kenna's wasted because I can hear her through the window...

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You're through the window.

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You're through the window late at night.

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You're through the walls and we share a bathroom in between her rooms.

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I can hear you snoring when I pee in the middle of the night, yeah.

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But it's really...it's usually quiet.

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No, thanks.

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No, thanks.

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You snore.

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I'm the best snore.

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I just...my snore is just so cute.

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This is the best.

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This is tiny.

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I feel like there's at least four to seven other comments we could make about everything

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you just listed.

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The biggest...above average tongue size.

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Terri Kure is in a win.

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Call me.

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Sorry, I got a big tongue.

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So the biggest problem with snoring is not necessarily the act of snoring but the way

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that it affects your sleep.

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Snoring can be a sign of sleep apnea, another sleeping disorder, and it can be disruptive

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to a person's significant other or anyone else in the room during the night.

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This can cause a domino effect on both people's lifestyle if it persists in keeping them from

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a good night's sleep.

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It can also lead into, you know, being restlessness and, you know, being lethargic and all that

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stuff during the day.

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If snoring becomes a chronic problem, there are steps that can be taken to prevent it from

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happening.

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You can prescribe a dental device to keep your tongue from blocking your airway.

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Oh, that's interesting.

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I didn't know that.

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Yeah, losing weight can also positively affect sleep by reducing snoring.

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And in serious cases, some people may need surgery to correct a blockage in the airway

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that would cause a snoring to occur.

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Lastly, some easy steps to prevent snoring may help someone that is not at the chronic

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stage.

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These include using nasal strips, not drinking alcohol or taking a sedative before bedtime.

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Ooh, who wants to do that?

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Who wants to do that?

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Maintaining a healthy weight and trying to sleep on your side instead of on your back.

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And that's usually when I wake up, when I wake myself up from snoring, I'm on my back

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every time.

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Same, yeah, same, I've noticed that as well.

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Number three, obstructive sleep apnea.

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So I just mentioned that in snoring.

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So there are several types of sleep apnea, but obstructive sleep apnea is the most common.

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This type of apnea occurs when your throat muscles intermittently relax and block your

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brain during sleep, causing your body to lose oxygen for a minute and usually results in

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the person waking up for a second or more without the knowledge that that ever happened.

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It can be scary because you don't realize that you're-

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We wake up gasping.

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Yes, but usually when you wake up gasping, it's not a fully awake.

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It's like a partial awake, so you just go back to sleep.

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Right, well, yeah, it's your brain going like, okay, breathe idiot.

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Hello.

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You still there?

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Shit.

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Anybody home?

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This will occur over and over while the person is asleep and can become dangerous if the

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person loses too much oxygen.

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Results of this diagnosis are excessive tiredness, awakening with a dry mouth or sore throat,

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morning headache, difficulty concentrating during the day, mood changes such as depression

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or irritability, high blood pressure and decreased libido, which I thought was interesting.

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Interesting.

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About 30 million people in the U.S. have been known to have been diagnosed with sleep apnea

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of some kind.

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Usually, when a person makes an appointment with their doctor to discuss sleep apnea,

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they will be sent home, bear with me, with a nocturnal polysomnography device that will

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monitor their heart, lung and brain activity, breathing patterns, arm and leg movements,

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and blood oxygen levels during the night.

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That's a lot.

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It is.

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If the results of this test indicate abnormal activity, this usually means a person is affected

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by sleep apnea and they will take steps to treat it.

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Most commonly, someone with sleep apnea will be given a continuous positive airway pressure

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machine or a CPAP as it is more commonly known.

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With this machine, the air pressure is greater than that of the surrounding air and is just

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enough to keep a person's upper airway open, preventing snoring and apnea.

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Once a person is using a CPAP machine, they usually use it for the remainder of their

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life.

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Oh wow.

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Because you can't really sleep well without it.

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Another option to treat apnea is an oral appliance.

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This is designed to keep your mouth open in order to allow better airflow, although a

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CPAP machine is much more reliable than the mouth device.

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So the CPAP forces air into your throat so that it doesn't have forces but is a little

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bit more pressurized?

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Yeah, it keeps the airway open.

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So it attaches to your nose.

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Usually there's some that go over your whole face and there's some that just go over your

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nose, but either way it's a continuous flow of air, almost like oxygen in a hospital.

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But it's pressurized so that it keeps the airway open to prevent your throat from closing.

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That's why you wake up with a sore throat.

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So even if it works like be closed, it would still kind of force oxygen down there.

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Pretty much.

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It kind of prevents it from closing in general.

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If none of these treatments work, a person may be suggested for surgery to prevent their

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sleep apnea, but this is generally only after a three month trial with each treatment plan

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passed to make sure that that's the only option left.

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What kind of surgery would they have for that?

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This surgery includes a number of different procedures depending on what the person's

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situation is and can include tissue shrinkage, so like your throat tissue, jaw repositioning,

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implants, nerve simulation, and or a tracheostomy or creating a new airway passage.

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It would literally essentially carve out a new...

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Trachea?

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A passageway for air.

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Yeah.

238
00:13:09,000 --> 00:13:10,000
Doesn't sound fun.

239
00:13:10,000 --> 00:13:11,000
That does not sound fun at all.

240
00:13:11,000 --> 00:13:13,000
But I mean, you know, gotta breathe.

241
00:13:13,000 --> 00:13:14,000
Yeah.

242
00:13:14,000 --> 00:13:16,000
I'd rather do that than not breathe.

243
00:13:16,000 --> 00:13:18,000
Gotta, you know, live.

244
00:13:18,000 --> 00:13:19,000
Number four.

245
00:13:19,000 --> 00:13:26,000
Number four is sleep-related hypoventilation.

246
00:13:26,000 --> 00:13:28,000
Sleep-related hypoventilation.

247
00:13:28,000 --> 00:13:34,000
So the muscles that we use to breathe need to be told to do so by the brain, but when

248
00:13:34,000 --> 00:13:38,000
you sleep, there is less drive to do this from the brain as it should be automatic, right,

249
00:13:38,000 --> 00:13:39,000
when you sleep.

250
00:13:39,000 --> 00:13:44,000
People that have weak breathing muscles or lung disease may not be able to breathe strongly

251
00:13:44,000 --> 00:13:48,000
enough during sleep, causing them to not be able to get enough oxygen as they need.

252
00:13:48,000 --> 00:13:52,000
This is known as sleep-related hypoventilation or SRH.

253
00:13:52,000 --> 00:13:58,000
This disorder usually occurs in children due to their bodies being smaller and not being

254
00:13:58,000 --> 00:14:00,000
able to work as strongly as an adult.

255
00:14:00,000 --> 00:14:05,000
And also in people with underlying medical problems usually having to do with the lungs.

256
00:14:05,000 --> 00:14:10,000
This disorder is prevalent in about 2 to 7% of U.S. individuals, so it's really uncommon.

257
00:14:10,000 --> 00:14:15,000
And like I always said, this is common sleep disorders, and it's like, this is not common.

258
00:14:15,000 --> 00:14:19,000
This is a common sleep disorder that affects only 2% of people.

259
00:14:19,000 --> 00:14:20,000
Yeah.

260
00:14:20,000 --> 00:14:26,000
Because of the lower oxygen levels during sleep for people with SRH, their levels of carbon

261
00:14:26,000 --> 00:14:30,000
dioxide increase, making it dangerous for their balance of chemicals in their body.

262
00:14:30,000 --> 00:14:34,000
Because I guess they can only inhale so much and then they exhale but not all the way.

263
00:14:34,000 --> 00:14:37,000
So they're like kind of recycling the carbon dioxide.

264
00:14:37,000 --> 00:14:39,000
That's really interesting, yeah.

265
00:14:39,000 --> 00:14:47,000
In order to diagnose SRH, daytime diagnostic tests would be performed such as lung function

266
00:14:47,000 --> 00:14:52,000
tests, assessment of respiratory muscle strength, measurement of daytime oxygen levels, and

267
00:14:52,000 --> 00:14:57,000
capillary blood gas tests.

268
00:14:57,000 --> 00:14:58,000
Yes.

269
00:14:58,000 --> 00:15:04,000
If these tests suggest that someone may be experiencing SRH, they will then perform a sleep study in

270
00:15:04,000 --> 00:15:07,000
which the person would stay overnight in a sleep unit.

271
00:15:07,000 --> 00:15:11,000
During this time, sensors are stuck on the person's body in order to record respiratory

272
00:15:11,000 --> 00:15:17,000
rate, heart rate, oxygen saturation, chest wall movement, airflow, measurement of carbon

273
00:15:17,000 --> 00:15:20,000
dioxide, and video and sound recording.

274
00:15:20,000 --> 00:15:22,000
I would be so uncomfortable.

275
00:15:22,000 --> 00:15:23,000
I wouldn't sleep.

276
00:15:23,000 --> 00:15:27,000
I always think that too whenever you see people like, oh, join the sleep study or whatever.

277
00:15:27,000 --> 00:15:28,000
I'm like, that sounds miserable.

278
00:15:28,000 --> 00:15:29,000
Yeah.

279
00:15:29,000 --> 00:15:30,000
And you're trying to see if I have insomnia.

280
00:15:30,000 --> 00:15:32,000
Like, no, I'm not going to sleep.

281
00:15:32,000 --> 00:15:33,000
I'm going to have insomnia.

282
00:15:33,000 --> 00:15:34,000
Yeah.

283
00:15:34,000 --> 00:15:35,000
Like induced insomnia.

284
00:15:35,000 --> 00:15:40,600
Signs and symptoms of SRH may include morning headache, restless sleep, daytime tiredness,

285
00:15:40,600 --> 00:15:45,000
and difficulty concentrating at school, making it hard to diagnose in children as all of

286
00:15:45,000 --> 00:15:47,000
these are common symptoms for every child.

287
00:15:47,000 --> 00:15:53,000
I find it interesting that one of the common symptoms thus far of these disorders that you've

288
00:15:53,000 --> 00:15:56,000
already talked about is waking up with a headache.

289
00:15:56,000 --> 00:15:57,000
Yeah.

290
00:15:57,000 --> 00:15:58,000
So why do you think that is?

291
00:15:58,000 --> 00:16:00,000
Just because like your brain is, well, you know what?

292
00:16:00,000 --> 00:16:02,000
Because your brain's probably not getting the oxygen it needs.

293
00:16:02,000 --> 00:16:03,000
Probably.

294
00:16:03,000 --> 00:16:04,000
Yeah, that makes sense.

295
00:16:04,000 --> 00:16:07,000
Yeah, I was thinking that too because I mean, I wake up with a headache all the time, but

296
00:16:07,000 --> 00:16:09,000
it's probably because of the drinking.

297
00:16:09,000 --> 00:16:10,000
For me at least.

298
00:16:10,000 --> 00:16:11,000
Oh, shit.

299
00:16:11,000 --> 00:16:16,300
Another similar diagnosis is known as obesity-related hyperventilation, usually occurring in adults

300
00:16:16,300 --> 00:16:18,840
that have been diagnosed with sleep apnea.

301
00:16:18,840 --> 00:16:24,160
Treatment for hyperventilation in general include ventilation machines that help a person

302
00:16:24,160 --> 00:16:31,520
breathe better, oxygen therapy, or even the same tube or the surgery to treat sleep apnea,

303
00:16:31,520 --> 00:16:32,520
the tracheostomy.

304
00:16:32,520 --> 00:16:33,520
Tracheostomy.

305
00:16:33,520 --> 00:16:36,160
Those are just in chronic cases though.

306
00:16:36,160 --> 00:16:44,040
CPAP machines may also be given to patients with SRH.

307
00:16:44,040 --> 00:16:47,920
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317
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Number five.

318
00:17:23,480 --> 00:17:24,480
Restless Leg Syndrome.

319
00:17:24,480 --> 00:17:27,400
Okay, tell me about Restless Leg Syndrome.

320
00:17:27,400 --> 00:17:28,400
I really need to know.

321
00:17:28,400 --> 00:17:33,160
I'm not going to tell you about that, but I'll tell you about Restless Leg Syndrome.

322
00:17:33,160 --> 00:17:37,760
It just seems to be a common side effect for a lot of medications.

323
00:17:37,760 --> 00:17:39,680
It seems to be like everyone has it.

324
00:17:39,680 --> 00:17:42,200
It's just like a cop out for being jittery.

325
00:17:42,200 --> 00:17:44,240
But is that what it is?

326
00:17:44,240 --> 00:17:45,240
No.

327
00:17:45,240 --> 00:17:46,240
Okay, because that's what I thought.

328
00:17:46,240 --> 00:17:48,440
I was like, Restless Leg Syndrome, you ever get that feeling when you're laying down and

329
00:17:48,440 --> 00:17:49,440
you're like, kick, kick, kick?

330
00:17:49,440 --> 00:17:51,640
No, I did ask, I think I have this.

331
00:17:51,640 --> 00:17:53,560
I'm not even trying to be that person.

332
00:17:53,560 --> 00:17:54,560
I really think I have this.

333
00:17:54,560 --> 00:17:57,400
I'm the best at having Restless Leg Syndrome.

334
00:17:57,400 --> 00:18:03,800
I have the most restless legs.

335
00:18:03,800 --> 00:18:08,240
People with Restless Leg Syndrome most commonly have an uncomfortable feeling in their legs

336
00:18:08,240 --> 00:18:12,040
which only goes away when the person shakes or move their legs.

337
00:18:12,040 --> 00:18:16,640
The intenseness of this feeling can vary throughout the day, but for most people it is the worst

338
00:18:16,640 --> 00:18:20,560
during the late evening and throughout the night causing their sleep to be disrupted

339
00:18:20,560 --> 00:18:22,060
most of the time.

340
00:18:22,060 --> 00:18:25,520
So it's like growing pains when you're laying down and you have to move because it will help.

341
00:18:25,520 --> 00:18:26,520
You know what I mean?

342
00:18:26,520 --> 00:18:27,520
I know exactly what you mean.

343
00:18:27,520 --> 00:18:28,520
Yeah, it's similar.

344
00:18:28,520 --> 00:18:29,520
It's like an O-Sie.

345
00:18:29,520 --> 00:18:32,840
But I didn't know if that was the same thing because I was speaking Restless Leg Syndrome

346
00:18:32,840 --> 00:18:36,480
as in like that.

347
00:18:36,480 --> 00:18:37,480
Completely unconscious.

348
00:18:37,480 --> 00:18:39,840
No, it's definitely conscious.

349
00:18:39,840 --> 00:18:40,840
Yeah.

350
00:18:40,840 --> 00:18:45,640
I thought it was like, okay, so obviously y'all aren't here with us so you can't see.

351
00:18:45,640 --> 00:18:49,960
When she said like that, she was pointing to my leg that is bouncing as I'm sitting.

352
00:18:49,960 --> 00:18:50,960
Yeah.

353
00:18:50,960 --> 00:18:52,720
That's what she was saying because no one else can see my leg.

354
00:18:52,720 --> 00:18:53,720
Right.

355
00:18:53,720 --> 00:18:55,560
But I thought it was like a neurological thing like a Parkinson's.

356
00:18:55,560 --> 00:18:56,560
Yeah.

357
00:18:56,560 --> 00:18:57,720
So that it's a conscious thing.

358
00:18:57,720 --> 00:18:58,720
It is a conscious thing.

359
00:18:58,720 --> 00:18:59,720
And I thought that same thing.

360
00:18:59,720 --> 00:19:05,280
So RLS is one of several disorders that can cause exhaustion and daytime sleepiness, strongly

361
00:19:05,280 --> 00:19:10,520
affecting one's mood, concentration, job and school performance and even personal relationships.

362
00:19:10,520 --> 00:19:13,520
Because you have them in bed with your specific.

363
00:19:13,520 --> 00:19:18,440
And they're like, stop making your legs talk in the middle of the night.

364
00:19:18,440 --> 00:19:23,480
It is estimated that up to 7 to 10% of the US population suffers from Restless Leg Syndrome,

365
00:19:23,480 --> 00:19:27,600
occurring in both men and women, although women are more likely than men to have this

366
00:19:27,600 --> 00:19:28,600
syndrome.

367
00:19:28,600 --> 00:19:29,600
Interesting.

368
00:19:29,600 --> 00:19:33,640
Individuals that are severely affected are middle aged or older and the symptoms typically

369
00:19:33,640 --> 00:19:35,280
get worse with age.

370
00:19:35,280 --> 00:19:36,280
Middle aged.

371
00:19:36,280 --> 00:19:37,280
Right.

372
00:19:37,280 --> 00:19:38,760
I thought it was like teenage and older.

373
00:19:38,760 --> 00:19:39,760
Yeah.

374
00:19:39,760 --> 00:19:44,720
And also not accounting for things like anxiety or anything else that might be neurological.

375
00:19:44,720 --> 00:19:47,960
Because again, a lot of people might not know that they have it.

376
00:19:47,960 --> 00:19:49,520
Yeah, that's true.

377
00:19:49,520 --> 00:19:56,680
More than 80% of people with RLS also experience Periodic Limb Movement of Sleep or PLMS.

378
00:19:56,680 --> 00:20:01,720
This is characterized by involuntary leg and sometimes arm twitching or jerking movements

379
00:20:01,720 --> 00:20:08,200
during sleep that typically occur every 15 to 40 seconds, sometimes throughout the night.

380
00:20:08,200 --> 00:20:09,200
That happens to me.

381
00:20:09,200 --> 00:20:12,280
I'm not feeling in bed and all of a sudden my whole body, not my body, but my leg or

382
00:20:12,280 --> 00:20:13,960
my arm will just twitch.

383
00:20:13,960 --> 00:20:15,200
It's not the equilibrium thing?

384
00:20:15,200 --> 00:20:16,200
No.

385
00:20:16,200 --> 00:20:17,600
I'll be awake, completely awake.

386
00:20:17,600 --> 00:20:18,600
Oh, I see.

387
00:20:18,600 --> 00:20:19,600
Yeah, no.

388
00:20:19,600 --> 00:20:21,640
So this is different, I guess, because this is during sleep.

389
00:20:21,640 --> 00:20:25,280
John has clocked me with a few elbows back in his heyday.

390
00:20:25,280 --> 00:20:26,280
Oh no.

391
00:20:26,280 --> 00:20:27,280
A few.

392
00:20:27,280 --> 00:20:30,280
And I was like, he hit me so hard once, I was like, there's no way that's not going

393
00:20:30,280 --> 00:20:31,280
to be a black guy.

394
00:20:31,280 --> 00:20:32,280
It was so hard.

395
00:20:32,280 --> 00:20:33,280
Geez.

396
00:20:33,280 --> 00:20:34,280
Yeah.

397
00:20:34,280 --> 00:20:42,200
People with RLS also develop PLMS, most people with PLMS do not experience Restless Leg Syndrome.

398
00:20:42,200 --> 00:20:45,840
Restless Leg Syndrome can be caused by a number of different things such as end stage renal

399
00:20:45,840 --> 00:20:51,920
disease, iron deficiency, certain medications, use of alcohol, nicotine, and caffeine, and

400
00:20:51,920 --> 00:20:57,400
pregnancy, especially in the later trimester, as well as nerve damage.

401
00:20:57,400 --> 00:21:01,720
The five basic criteria for clinically diagnosing the disorder are a strong urge to move the

402
00:21:01,720 --> 00:21:05,920
legs that is often associated with abnormal or uncomfortable sensations.

403
00:21:05,920 --> 00:21:11,600
The urge to move the legs starts or gets worse during rest or inactivity.

404
00:21:11,600 --> 00:21:16,440
The urge to move the legs is at least temporarily or partially relieved by movement.

405
00:21:16,440 --> 00:21:20,360
The urge to move the legs starts or is aggravated at night, and the above four features are

406
00:21:20,360 --> 00:21:22,560
not better explained by another medical condition.

407
00:21:22,560 --> 00:21:24,240
So it's pretty cut and dry.

408
00:21:24,240 --> 00:21:25,240
Yeah.

409
00:21:25,240 --> 00:21:28,440
Does it relieve the uncomfortability when you take your leg?

410
00:21:28,440 --> 00:21:29,440
Yes.

411
00:21:29,440 --> 00:21:30,440
Does it happen at night?

412
00:21:30,440 --> 00:21:31,440
Yes.

413
00:21:31,440 --> 00:21:36,360
Iron supplements or medications are usually helpful in treating RLS, but there is no one

414
00:21:36,360 --> 00:21:39,960
medication that is typically prescribed for this disorder.

415
00:21:39,960 --> 00:21:43,920
Typical treatments include lifestyle changes with increased activity and decreased alcohol,

416
00:21:43,920 --> 00:21:49,600
nicotine, and caffeine, anti-seizure drugs, dopamine agents, benzodiazepines, and even

417
00:21:49,600 --> 00:21:50,600
opioids.

418
00:21:50,600 --> 00:21:51,600
Really?

419
00:21:51,600 --> 00:21:52,600
Very interesting, right?

420
00:21:52,600 --> 00:21:54,280
Well, I guess they're all kind of like downer.

421
00:21:54,280 --> 00:21:55,280
True.

422
00:21:55,280 --> 00:21:56,280
You know, downers of the...

423
00:21:56,280 --> 00:21:57,280
Zabenzos.

424
00:21:57,280 --> 00:21:58,280
Zabenzos.

425
00:21:58,280 --> 00:21:59,280
Number six.

426
00:21:59,280 --> 00:22:00,280
Number six.

427
00:22:00,280 --> 00:22:03,920
Number six is bruxism.

428
00:22:03,920 --> 00:22:04,920
Bruxism.

429
00:22:04,920 --> 00:22:06,760
I've never heard of it.

430
00:22:06,760 --> 00:22:07,760
You have.

431
00:22:07,760 --> 00:22:09,400
It involves the grinding of teeth during sleep.

432
00:22:09,400 --> 00:22:13,080
It is considered a sleep-related movement disorder.

433
00:22:13,080 --> 00:22:17,160
It has a comorbidity with other sleep disorders as well, such as snoring and sleep apnea.

434
00:22:17,160 --> 00:22:23,760
I dated a guy who at night, it's like a train was coming through the room.

435
00:22:23,760 --> 00:22:26,440
It was so loud, it would wake me up.

436
00:22:26,440 --> 00:22:27,440
That's...

437
00:22:27,440 --> 00:22:28,440
Oh, that's gotta be a dream.

438
00:22:28,440 --> 00:22:29,440
I know.

439
00:22:29,440 --> 00:22:33,080
I was like, dude, how do you live like that?

440
00:22:33,080 --> 00:22:39,040
Bruxism affects nearly 15 to 40% of children and only 8 to 10% of adults in the United States.

441
00:22:39,040 --> 00:22:43,920
Some cases of bruxism will not require treatment, but chronic cases may become frequent enough

442
00:22:43,920 --> 00:22:49,320
to lead to jaw disorders, headaches, damaged teeth, and other problems, so treatment is

443
00:22:49,320 --> 00:22:52,040
recommended for these cases.

444
00:22:52,040 --> 00:22:55,800
Most people that have bruxism don't even realize that they do until it starts to cause

445
00:22:55,800 --> 00:22:59,760
damage, so for someone that has a slight case, they may never even realize that they have

446
00:22:59,760 --> 00:23:00,760
it.

447
00:23:00,760 --> 00:23:05,440
Symptoms of this disorder include teeth grinding or clenching mostly at night, teeth that are

448
00:23:05,440 --> 00:23:12,480
flattened, fractured, chipped, or loose, worn tooth enamel, increased tooth pain or sensitivity,

449
00:23:12,480 --> 00:23:18,040
tired or tight jaw muscles, or lock jaw, dull headaches started in the temples, damage of

450
00:23:18,040 --> 00:23:20,160
the cheeks, and sleep disruption.

451
00:23:20,160 --> 00:23:21,440
I know.

452
00:23:21,440 --> 00:23:26,440
If chronic bruxism goes untreated, it can cause complications such as severe tooth damage,

453
00:23:26,440 --> 00:23:31,040
chronic headaches, severe facial or jaw pain, and disorders that occur in the joints located

454
00:23:31,040 --> 00:23:35,040
in front of the ears, which causes a clicking sound while chewing.

455
00:23:35,040 --> 00:23:39,240
When treatment is necessary, it can include things such as splints and mouth guards designed

456
00:23:39,240 --> 00:23:43,520
to keep teeth separate while sleeping, and dental corrections such as reshaping the teeth

457
00:23:43,520 --> 00:23:44,520
permanently.

458
00:23:44,520 --> 00:23:45,520
Oh wow.

459
00:23:45,520 --> 00:23:50,280
Other treatments such as stress or anxiety management, behavior change, and biofeedback

460
00:23:50,280 --> 00:23:55,200
which is changing the muscle activity in your jaw can help.

461
00:23:55,200 --> 00:23:58,840
Medications that can be prescribed but are not very effective for all cases of bruxism

462
00:23:58,840 --> 00:24:03,720
are muscle relaxants, Botox injections, and anxiety or stress medication.

463
00:24:03,720 --> 00:24:06,560
The Botox, I wonder just like in the muscle itself I guess?

464
00:24:06,560 --> 00:24:07,560
Yeah, maybe.

465
00:24:07,560 --> 00:24:09,280
It's a strength in it.

466
00:24:09,280 --> 00:24:10,280
Number seven.

467
00:24:10,280 --> 00:24:12,120
Number seven.

468
00:24:12,120 --> 00:24:18,120
This is sleep talking, sleep walking, and other automatic behaviors.

469
00:24:18,120 --> 00:24:22,200
Most common in children, sleep talking or walking is when a person is partially awake

470
00:24:22,200 --> 00:24:26,520
and their brain takes over without their knowledge to do things that they would normally do while

471
00:24:26,520 --> 00:24:28,440
they are awake.

472
00:24:28,440 --> 00:24:31,840
Usually people grow out of sleep walking as they reach adulthood, but it is seen in about

473
00:24:31,840 --> 00:24:35,840
17% of children and only about 4% of adults.

474
00:24:35,840 --> 00:24:41,360
Sleep talking is seen in about half of children and only about 5% of adults.

475
00:24:41,360 --> 00:24:45,280
The interesting thing about sleep walking is that there are not negative factors that

476
00:24:45,280 --> 00:24:46,640
cause it.

477
00:24:46,640 --> 00:24:51,400
It only occurs in very healthy people, so there's usually no treatment recommended for

478
00:24:51,400 --> 00:24:52,400
it.

479
00:24:52,400 --> 00:24:53,400
Interesting.

480
00:24:53,400 --> 00:24:57,000
Because there's no disorder, like the illness that comes along with it.

481
00:24:57,000 --> 00:25:00,600
Usually treatment is only suggested when the disorder lingers into adulthood and the

482
00:25:00,600 --> 00:25:02,840
episodes become potentially dangerous.

483
00:25:02,840 --> 00:25:03,840
Like violence.

484
00:25:03,840 --> 00:25:07,560
Or, yeah, or if they're like going out to the pool or something, or you know, things

485
00:25:07,560 --> 00:25:08,560
like that.

486
00:25:08,560 --> 00:25:11,080
Yeah, I mean you can't treat the person, you just put a latch on the back door.

487
00:25:11,080 --> 00:25:12,080
Yeah, exactly.

488
00:25:12,080 --> 00:25:13,480
High up or something.

489
00:25:13,480 --> 00:25:17,440
Because sleep walking is a side effect of multiple different medications, most common

490
00:25:17,440 --> 00:25:21,520
treatment is to eliminate meds and switch the one that's causing it.

491
00:25:21,520 --> 00:25:26,640
If this does not work, other treatment may include sleep hygiene, such as avoiding drugs,

492
00:25:26,640 --> 00:25:32,360
alcohol before bed, and sleep deprivation medications such as antidepressants and benzos,

493
00:25:32,360 --> 00:25:35,680
even in severe cases, cognitive behavioral therapy.

494
00:25:35,680 --> 00:25:37,840
This is just for really severe cases.

495
00:25:37,840 --> 00:25:42,200
Sleep talking is rarely severe enough to require treatment, but consistent and severe sleep

496
00:25:42,200 --> 00:25:46,560
talking may be a sign of a more serious sleep disorder that would need treatment.

497
00:25:46,560 --> 00:25:50,200
In extremely rare cases, medication can be used to treat sleep talking.

498
00:25:50,200 --> 00:25:53,680
I guess it would only get you in trouble if you admitted to cheating on your wife.

499
00:25:53,680 --> 00:25:54,680
Yeah, exactly.

500
00:25:54,680 --> 00:25:56,520
And during sleep.

501
00:25:56,520 --> 00:25:57,520
Number eight.

502
00:25:57,520 --> 00:25:58,520
Number eight.

503
00:25:58,520 --> 00:26:00,120
This is going to be the last one that I have.

504
00:26:00,120 --> 00:26:04,240
And again, these are in no particular order, which is number eight.

505
00:26:04,240 --> 00:26:07,520
Rapid eye movement behavior disorder.

506
00:26:07,520 --> 00:26:13,480
The period that a person experiences the best sleep is during their REM sleep, REM, in which

507
00:26:13,480 --> 00:26:18,200
all of their muscles and limbs are usually completely relaxed and still.

508
00:26:18,200 --> 00:26:23,920
The difference in somebody that has REMBD is the fact that their muscles do not reach

509
00:26:23,920 --> 00:26:29,040
this relaxed state, and this usually results in them acting out their dreams, involving

510
00:26:29,040 --> 00:26:31,960
movement and lashing out.

511
00:26:31,960 --> 00:26:38,640
This disorder occurs in about 0.5 to 1.25% of the general population.

512
00:26:38,640 --> 00:26:39,640
Very rare.

513
00:26:39,640 --> 00:26:40,640
Very rare.

514
00:26:40,640 --> 00:26:44,280
And it's actually more likely to happen in people with Parkinson's disease, multiple

515
00:26:44,280 --> 00:26:46,760
system atrophy and dementia.

516
00:26:46,760 --> 00:26:51,320
It's also, it can be an indicator that someone will develop one of these diseases in the

517
00:26:51,320 --> 00:26:52,320
future.

518
00:26:52,320 --> 00:26:53,320
Interesting.

519
00:26:53,320 --> 00:26:57,440
Criteria of this disorder includes having repeated amounts of arousal during sleep where

520
00:26:57,440 --> 00:27:03,440
you talk, make noises, or perform complex motor behaviors such as punching, kicking,

521
00:27:03,440 --> 00:27:07,840
or running movements, often relating to the content of your dream.

522
00:27:07,840 --> 00:27:12,320
Also recalling dreams associated with these movement or sounds, if you awaken during

523
00:27:12,320 --> 00:27:17,680
the episode alert and not confused or disoriented, and if your sleep disturbance is not caused

524
00:27:17,680 --> 00:27:20,480
by other illness or disorder.

525
00:27:20,480 --> 00:27:25,560
It is suggested that if you suffer from REMBD that you should take the necessary steps to

526
00:27:25,560 --> 00:27:30,880
prevent injury, including patting the floor near the bed, removing dangerous objects from

527
00:27:30,880 --> 00:27:35,960
the bedroom such as weapons, and placing barriers on the side of the bed, as well as moving

528
00:27:35,960 --> 00:27:41,800
furniture and clutter away from the bed, protecting windows, and possibly even sleeping

529
00:27:41,800 --> 00:27:45,560
in a separate bedroom from your significant other until the symptoms are under control.

530
00:27:45,560 --> 00:27:47,200
Oh my gosh.

531
00:27:47,200 --> 00:27:51,600
Common medications that are used for treatment are melatonin and colonopin.

532
00:27:51,600 --> 00:27:57,360
Interesting. So those are the eight sleep disorders that I wanted to discuss.

533
00:27:57,360 --> 00:27:59,360
Of course I have celebrities.

534
00:27:59,360 --> 00:28:00,360
Celebrities.

535
00:28:00,360 --> 00:28:01,360
I have celebrities.

536
00:28:01,360 --> 00:28:05,520
Well it's interesting because in the last mental breakdown that we did, you mentioned

537
00:28:05,520 --> 00:28:06,520
Madonna.

538
00:28:06,520 --> 00:28:09,040
And Madonna is also on my list.

539
00:28:09,040 --> 00:28:10,040
For what?

540
00:28:10,040 --> 00:28:13,960
So in an interview with Rolling Stone Magazine, Madonna discussed how she has been plagued

541
00:28:13,960 --> 00:28:19,040
with decades-long insomnia stating, quote, one of my assistants just found one of my

542
00:28:19,040 --> 00:28:21,400
journals from 1991.

543
00:28:21,400 --> 00:28:26,880
I'm complaining the same way about not being able to sleep in 1991 as I am right now.

544
00:28:26,880 --> 00:28:28,880
Like some things never change.

545
00:28:28,880 --> 00:28:29,880
Wow.

546
00:28:29,880 --> 00:28:30,880
Yeah, sadly.

547
00:28:30,880 --> 00:28:31,880
That's really interesting.

548
00:28:31,880 --> 00:28:37,080
George Clooney, he has admitted on various occasions that he doesn't sleep well, suffering

549
00:28:37,080 --> 00:28:39,000
from insomnia as well.

550
00:28:39,000 --> 00:28:43,160
He states that his mind will race and he'll have to turn on the TV like super loud to

551
00:28:43,160 --> 00:28:44,160
drown out his thoughts.

552
00:28:44,160 --> 00:28:45,160
That's me.

553
00:28:45,160 --> 00:28:46,160
I can't fall asleep without the TV on.

554
00:28:46,160 --> 00:28:47,160
I know you either.

555
00:28:47,160 --> 00:28:48,400
Otherwise, I'll just, my mind will race.

556
00:28:48,400 --> 00:28:49,400
It's the ADD though.

557
00:28:49,400 --> 00:28:50,400
I know it is.

558
00:28:50,400 --> 00:28:52,400
I don't like darkness and I don't like silence.

559
00:28:52,400 --> 00:28:53,400
You say the same thing.

560
00:28:53,400 --> 00:28:54,400
Yeah.

561
00:28:54,400 --> 00:28:55,400
Lady Gaga.

562
00:28:55,400 --> 00:28:59,600
Lady Gaga stated that she suffers from sleep deprivation.

563
00:28:59,600 --> 00:29:05,280
She was quoted by the UK's OK Magazine, quote, my passion is so strong I can't sleep.

564
00:29:05,280 --> 00:29:07,720
I haven't slept for three days.

565
00:29:07,720 --> 00:29:10,720
Number four is Rosie O'Donnell.

566
00:29:10,720 --> 00:29:14,200
Rosie O'Donnell was diagnosed with sleep apnea in 2007.

567
00:29:14,200 --> 00:29:18,640
She opened up about her diagnosis on The View during an interview where she shared that

568
00:29:18,640 --> 00:29:25,280
she has over 200 micro awakenings a night and once stopped breathing for 40 seconds.

569
00:29:25,280 --> 00:29:26,280
What?

570
00:29:26,280 --> 00:29:30,080
During the sleep, like study that they did on her before she was diagnosed.

571
00:29:30,080 --> 00:29:31,080
Wow.

572
00:29:31,080 --> 00:29:32,080
Yeah.

573
00:29:32,080 --> 00:29:33,080
Isn't that wild?

574
00:29:33,080 --> 00:29:34,080
That's so scary.

575
00:29:34,080 --> 00:29:35,080
I had sleep apnea when I was pregnant.

576
00:29:35,080 --> 00:29:36,080
It was terrifying.

577
00:29:36,080 --> 00:29:37,080
Yeah, it was really terrifying.

578
00:29:37,080 --> 00:29:41,320
Yeah, and I think that's why, you know, similar to the way that it presents in people that

579
00:29:41,320 --> 00:29:46,560
are heavier or people that have gained weight, especially over a shorter amount of time,

580
00:29:46,560 --> 00:29:50,680
when I would lay on my back, baby would be like pushed into you.

581
00:29:50,680 --> 00:29:52,280
And it would just stop.

582
00:29:52,280 --> 00:29:55,320
Like, you would just stop breathing in the middle of the night.

583
00:29:55,320 --> 00:29:56,560
It was scary.

584
00:29:56,560 --> 00:29:59,080
And Justin would have to push me and push me over.

585
00:29:59,080 --> 00:30:00,560
He would be like, roll over.

586
00:30:00,560 --> 00:30:03,760
You can't breathe.

587
00:30:03,760 --> 00:30:06,320
Number five is Shaquille O'Neal.

588
00:30:06,320 --> 00:30:10,720
He was featured in a sleep apnea video in 2015 by the Division of Sleep Medicine at the

589
00:30:10,720 --> 00:30:13,360
Harvard Med School to bring awareness.

590
00:30:13,360 --> 00:30:17,560
In the video, he explains how important it is to find a CPAP machine that fits you correctly.

591
00:30:17,560 --> 00:30:18,560
So that works.

592
00:30:18,560 --> 00:30:19,560
Oh, wow.

593
00:30:19,560 --> 00:30:21,560
What a great bit of work for him to do, too.

594
00:30:21,560 --> 00:30:22,560
Yeah.

595
00:30:22,560 --> 00:30:23,560
Because he's such a big guy.

596
00:30:23,560 --> 00:30:25,560
You wouldn't really think about that, right?

597
00:30:25,560 --> 00:30:26,560
Exactly.

598
00:30:26,560 --> 00:30:28,000
Number six is Reggie White.

599
00:30:28,000 --> 00:30:30,160
I didn't know who he was.

600
00:30:30,160 --> 00:30:31,400
Famous NFL Hall of Famer.

601
00:30:31,400 --> 00:30:36,120
He was a part-time minister, WWE wrestler, and twice named NFL defensive player of the

602
00:30:36,120 --> 00:30:37,120
year.

603
00:30:37,120 --> 00:30:43,080
In 2004, he was at home when he unfortunately suffered a fatal cardiac arrest compounded

604
00:30:43,080 --> 00:30:45,320
by complications of sleep apnea.

605
00:30:45,320 --> 00:30:46,320
Wow.

606
00:30:46,320 --> 00:30:47,560
And he was 43.

607
00:30:47,560 --> 00:30:53,200
So number seven is Florence Welch, the lead singer from Florence and the Machine.

608
00:30:53,200 --> 00:30:56,960
She spoke about her childhood sleep terror saying, quote, I hate it when I'm tired or

609
00:30:56,960 --> 00:30:59,080
stressed or overtired.

610
00:30:59,080 --> 00:31:01,080
My body just keeps me on overdrive.

611
00:31:01,080 --> 00:31:02,720
I'm just dreaming loads.

612
00:31:02,720 --> 00:31:07,040
I can't quite sleep in a dark room by myself because I'm always imagining something creeping

613
00:31:07,040 --> 00:31:10,040
in the dark corner or looking through the window.

614
00:31:10,040 --> 00:31:15,040
So that's like a, I didn't put that in my list, but that's like a sleep terror.

615
00:31:15,040 --> 00:31:17,560
And last but not least, we have Jennifer Aniston.

616
00:31:17,560 --> 00:31:18,960
I love Jen Ann.

617
00:31:18,960 --> 00:31:19,960
Me too.

618
00:31:19,960 --> 00:31:22,080
Jennifer Aniston is an apparent sleepwalker.

619
00:31:22,080 --> 00:31:26,840
She once discussed how when she was married to Brad Pitt, quote, I sleepwalk, I set off

620
00:31:26,840 --> 00:31:31,280
our alarm once, I was outside and I was out by the pool equipment in the back.

621
00:31:31,280 --> 00:31:32,800
I don't know what I was doing.

622
00:31:32,800 --> 00:31:35,000
I heard this yelling because he's terrified.

623
00:31:35,000 --> 00:31:36,920
He hears the alarm and I'm not there.

624
00:31:36,920 --> 00:31:38,920
That is so scary.

625
00:31:38,920 --> 00:31:41,920
Yeah, so that's my mental breakdown.

626
00:31:41,920 --> 00:31:43,920
I just wanted to have pepperons and celebrities.

627
00:31:43,920 --> 00:31:44,920
Some pepperon things.

628
00:31:44,920 --> 00:31:45,920
It was like peppering things.

629
00:31:45,920 --> 00:31:46,920
Yeah, it was.

630
00:31:46,920 --> 00:31:51,200
But yeah, we hope you guys are liking these and excited that we brought these back.

631
00:31:51,200 --> 00:31:53,240
We're definitely going to keep on keeping on.

632
00:31:53,240 --> 00:31:54,240
Keep on keeping on.

633
00:31:54,240 --> 00:31:59,240
I have the whole DSM5, so we can just go through like, we can do an endless amount of content.

634
00:31:59,240 --> 00:32:00,240
Yeah.

635
00:32:00,240 --> 00:32:02,160
Yeah, join us next week when we bring another case.

636
00:32:02,160 --> 00:32:03,960
Please continue to download.

637
00:32:03,960 --> 00:32:09,400
We've reached like 10,200 downloads by now, which is exciting.

638
00:32:09,400 --> 00:32:14,640
Comment on our Instagram, message us, like hang out with us if you want to give us a

639
00:32:14,640 --> 00:32:16,600
shout via email or anything like that.

640
00:32:16,600 --> 00:32:18,960
We love to hear from you guys and we want you to keep doing that.

641
00:32:18,960 --> 00:32:21,960
So that is all I have.

642
00:32:21,960 --> 00:32:23,440
Anything else?

643
00:32:23,440 --> 00:32:24,960
I'm just really burpy.

644
00:32:24,960 --> 00:32:25,960
Oh no.

645
00:32:25,960 --> 00:32:26,960
All right.

646
00:32:26,960 --> 00:32:27,960
Love you.

647
00:32:27,960 --> 00:32:28,960
Bye.

648
00:32:28,960 --> 00:32:35,280
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