WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.759 I want you to imagine dedicating yourself to 00:00:03.759 --> 00:00:06.960 a really specific, highly meticulous project. 00:00:07.200 --> 00:00:10.380 Not just a quick sprint, but something that spans, 00:00:10.820 --> 00:00:12.980 I mean, something that takes you three decades 00:00:12.980 --> 00:00:15.679 to finish. That is a massive chunk of a career. 00:00:15.820 --> 00:00:18.739 Right. And you finally synthesize all this data. 00:00:18.839 --> 00:00:21.679 You pinpoint the exact significance of your findings. 00:00:21.899 --> 00:00:25.420 And you select this perfectly elegant poetic 00:00:25.420 --> 00:00:28.300 name to introduce your discovery to the world. 00:00:28.420 --> 00:00:30.539 The crowning achievement. Exactly. You publish 00:00:30.539 --> 00:00:33.320 the paper. And then almost immediately, the governing 00:00:33.320 --> 00:00:35.380 bodies of your field tap you on the shoulder 00:00:35.380 --> 00:00:37.939 to say, hey, great job, but your perfectly chosen 00:00:37.939 --> 00:00:40.939 name. It's already legally owned by a snail. 00:00:41.259 --> 00:00:44.740 Oh, no. And a clam. Your kid. And a brachiopod 00:00:44.740 --> 00:00:47.920 and a fish. Yeah, that is a highly specific occupational 00:00:47.920 --> 00:00:50.200 hazard when we're talking about biological classification. 00:00:50.500 --> 00:00:53.000 It really is. Welcome to this custom -tailored 00:00:53.000 --> 00:00:55.899 deep dive. Today, we're pulling from a Wikipedia 00:00:55.899 --> 00:00:59.259 article detailing a fascinating extinct giraffeid 00:00:59.259 --> 00:01:02.000 currently known as Lyrechoryx. And our mission 00:01:02.000 --> 00:01:05.540 for this deep dive is to look past all the dry, 00:01:05.700 --> 00:01:08.459 you know, scientific nomenclature. We want to 00:01:08.459 --> 00:01:12.079 uncover the beautifully messy, iterative human 00:01:12.079 --> 00:01:14.519 process. of paleontology. Because the public 00:01:14.519 --> 00:01:16.980 perception of paleontology is usually just, well, 00:01:17.040 --> 00:01:18.680 it's the finished product, right? Right. The 00:01:18.680 --> 00:01:21.620 dinosaur in the museum. Exactly. We see the fully 00:01:21.620 --> 00:01:24.159 articulated skeleton or we read a really definitive 00:01:24.159 --> 00:01:27.019 species profile and it projects this aura of 00:01:27.019 --> 00:01:30.329 absolute certainty. But the actual journey from 00:01:30.329 --> 00:01:32.530 digging up a fragmented fossil to putting it 00:01:32.530 --> 00:01:34.790 on the phylogenetic tree. It's a bit more chaotic. 00:01:35.109 --> 00:01:37.650 It is highly dynamic. It takes constant reevaluation, 00:01:37.890 --> 00:01:40.290 intense debate, and you have to be totally willing 00:01:40.290 --> 00:01:43.069 to revise your path conclusions. So let's unpack 00:01:43.069 --> 00:01:45.430 this because the timeline here is just wild. 00:01:45.810 --> 00:01:49.049 The modern era of this specific story kicks off 00:01:49.049 --> 00:01:52.569 in 1994. A great year. Right. Researchers are 00:01:52.569 --> 00:01:54.609 out in the Siwalik Hills of Pakistan. They're 00:01:54.609 --> 00:01:56.810 digging in the Miocene sediments of the Chinji 00:01:56.810 --> 00:01:58.969 Formation, and they find some fossils. The main 00:01:58.969 --> 00:02:02.269 one gets labeled YGSP 47357. Rolls right off 00:02:02.269 --> 00:02:04.909 the top. Oh, yeah. Incredibly catchy. But this 00:02:04.909 --> 00:02:07.650 specimen, it becomes the holotype for the animal. 00:02:07.890 --> 00:02:09.509 And for anyone listening who might not know, 00:02:09.590 --> 00:02:11.430 the holotype is basically the gold standard. 00:02:11.629 --> 00:02:14.030 The anchor. Right. When you establish a new species, 00:02:14.169 --> 00:02:17.110 you anchor that name to one specific physical 00:02:17.110 --> 00:02:22.659 specimen. So YGSP47357 becomes the biological 00:02:22.659 --> 00:02:25.560 standard that all future giraffids of this type 00:02:25.560 --> 00:02:27.919 have to be compared against. But looking at the 00:02:27.919 --> 00:02:30.439 inventory of this holotype, we are not looking 00:02:30.439 --> 00:02:33.000 at a full skeleton, not even close. No, it really 00:02:33.000 --> 00:02:35.780 is. It's a partial skull. The records say they 00:02:35.780 --> 00:02:38.939 have the brain case, the basic cranium, the occipital 00:02:38.939 --> 00:02:41.800 region, and crucially, these horn -like structures 00:02:41.800 --> 00:02:45.000 called ossicones. Yes. So how does a researcher 00:02:45.000 --> 00:02:47.580 take just the base of a skull and some horns 00:02:47.580 --> 00:02:50.610 and say, ah! Yes, an entirely new evolutionary 00:02:50.610 --> 00:02:53.270 profile. It's a great question. The base of cranium, 00:02:53.370 --> 00:02:55.650 the base of the skull and that occipital region 00:02:55.650 --> 00:02:58.150 are actually super diagnostic, especially for 00:02:58.150 --> 00:03:00.370 a giraffe. Because of the neck. Exactly. It's 00:03:00.370 --> 00:03:02.689 not just a box for the brain. It has to anchor 00:03:02.689 --> 00:03:05.210 all that incredibly complex neck musculature. 00:03:05.289 --> 00:03:07.849 It supports the immense weight of the skull and 00:03:07.849 --> 00:03:10.409 those heavy ossicones. Makes sense. So by analyzing 00:03:10.409 --> 00:03:12.610 the angle of the horns, the thickness of the 00:03:12.610 --> 00:03:15.349 skull vault, the shape of the joints at the back 00:03:15.349 --> 00:03:18.500 of the head. Paleontologists can figure out how 00:03:18.500 --> 00:03:21.080 the animal carried its head. Wow. They can even 00:03:21.080 --> 00:03:22.979 deduce how it fought with other members of its 00:03:22.979 --> 00:03:25.699 species and where it fits in the broader picture 00:03:25.699 --> 00:03:28.759 of giraffe evolution. So the architecture of 00:03:28.759 --> 00:03:30.919 the skull is basically a map of the physical 00:03:30.919 --> 00:03:34.090 forces it lived with. Exactly. And the ossicones 00:03:34.090 --> 00:03:36.189 are really the star of the show here. The horns. 00:03:36.469 --> 00:03:38.930 Right. They're the primary feature used to tell 00:03:38.930 --> 00:03:42.090 different giraffe branches apart. Size, shape, 00:03:42.250 --> 00:03:44.909 orientation. It's all in the ossicones. OK, so 00:03:44.909 --> 00:03:47.090 they analyze these fragments and they place this 00:03:47.090 --> 00:03:50.310 beast in the middle Miocene epoch. So we're talking 00:03:50.310 --> 00:03:54.689 roughly. 12 .1 to 10 .1 million years ago. Deep 00:03:54.689 --> 00:03:57.590 time. Yeah. What is the scene like for these 00:03:57.590 --> 00:03:59.530 animals back then? Well, the Middle Maya scene 00:03:59.530 --> 00:04:01.969 was a huge boom period for these types of mammals. 00:04:02.229 --> 00:04:04.930 And based on this skull from Pakistan, researchers 00:04:04.930 --> 00:04:07.189 thought they had a member of the Sepithyrinae 00:04:07.189 --> 00:04:10.030 subfamily. Sepithyrinae. Yes. And this is why 00:04:10.030 --> 00:04:12.770 this specific fossil matters so much. If that 00:04:12.770 --> 00:04:15.449 classification is right, this partial skull. 00:04:15.870 --> 00:04:18.610 is the oldest known record of that entire clade. 00:04:18.670 --> 00:04:20.949 Oh, wow. So it pushes the whole timeline back. 00:04:21.189 --> 00:04:24.170 Exactly. It proves this evolutionary branch was 00:04:24.170 --> 00:04:26.949 diversifying way earlier in the Miocene than 00:04:26.949 --> 00:04:28.750 anyone had confirmed before. But they didn't 00:04:28.750 --> 00:04:30.689 just have the one skull, right? They had backup. 00:04:30.829 --> 00:04:33.410 Right. They found four other ossicone fragments 00:04:33.410 --> 00:04:36.160 at different spots in the Chinji Formation. The 00:04:36.160 --> 00:04:40.740 paratypes. Yes, the paratypes. YGSP 6392, 47192, 00:04:40.839 --> 00:04:42.639 and a couple others. Why are those important 00:04:42.639 --> 00:04:45.000 if we already have the gold standard holotype? 00:04:45.319 --> 00:04:47.879 Because a single skull could just be a weirdo. 00:04:47.920 --> 00:04:50.160 A weirdo. Yeah, I mean, think about it. Maybe 00:04:50.160 --> 00:04:52.300 that specific individual just had a really big 00:04:52.300 --> 00:04:55.420 head or some developmental quirk. Ah, right. 00:04:55.860 --> 00:04:59.279 Like if aliens found one human skeleton and it 00:04:59.279 --> 00:05:01.360 happened to be a seven foot tall basketball player. 00:05:01.480 --> 00:05:03.259 Perfect analogy. They'd think we were all giants. 00:05:03.439 --> 00:05:05.439 So you cross -reference the holotype with the 00:05:05.439 --> 00:05:08.319 paratypes to build an average composite picture 00:05:08.319 --> 00:05:10.639 of the population. Okay, so we've got the holotype, 00:05:10.800 --> 00:05:13.279 the paratypes, the middle Miocene dating, the 00:05:13.279 --> 00:05:16.160 whole Seba 3 -Day connection. All of this is 00:05:16.160 --> 00:05:20.180 scooped out of the dirt in 1994. And then, crickets. 00:05:20.720 --> 00:05:23.600 For 30 years. Just waiting. The formal description 00:05:23.600 --> 00:05:26.819 doesn't happen until 2024. How does that happen? 00:05:27.000 --> 00:05:28.779 It's actually really common. Pulling a fossil 00:05:28.779 --> 00:05:30.819 out of the ground is just step one. The easy 00:05:30.819 --> 00:05:33.480 part. Honestly, sometimes it is. After that, 00:05:33.620 --> 00:05:36.560 you have to carefully prep the bone, run advanced 00:05:36.560 --> 00:05:39.079 imaging, and do massive comparative studies. 00:05:39.199 --> 00:05:41.360 You have to compare that one basic cranium against 00:05:41.360 --> 00:05:45.079 every other known myosin giraffe on record. Just 00:05:45.079 --> 00:05:47.439 to make sure it's actually new. Right. To prove 00:05:47.439 --> 00:05:49.819 it's a novel genus and not just a regional variation. 00:05:50.000 --> 00:05:51.959 of something we already know. It takes funding, 00:05:52.060 --> 00:05:54.740 it takes time, it takes experts. So decades go 00:05:54.740 --> 00:05:56.220 by, but here's where it gets really interesting. 00:05:56.519 --> 00:06:00.399 August 2024. The paper drops. A paper drops in 00:06:00.399 --> 00:06:02.779 the Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. Rios 00:06:02.779 --> 00:06:05.420 and Salinas finally publish. They declare a new 00:06:05.420 --> 00:06:09.389 genus and species. Lyra Shirkana. It's a beautiful 00:06:09.389 --> 00:06:11.750 name. It really is. Let's break it down. The 00:06:11.750 --> 00:06:14.550 Shirkana part honors Tanya Shurkan. The person 00:06:14.550 --> 00:06:17.189 who originally found the holotype in 1994. Which 00:06:17.189 --> 00:06:20.269 is awesome. It's vital to recognize the field 00:06:20.269 --> 00:06:23.709 workers. The people physically spotting anomalies 00:06:23.709 --> 00:06:26.910 in the rock are the foundation of all paleontology. 00:06:27.050 --> 00:06:29.550 And then there's the genus name, Lyra. This comes 00:06:29.550 --> 00:06:31.069 right back to those horns we were talking about. 00:06:31.129 --> 00:06:33.470 The ossicones. Right. When they looked at the 00:06:33.470 --> 00:06:35.970 shape, they realized it looked exactly like a 00:06:35.970 --> 00:06:39.959 lyre. the ancient stringed instrument it gives 00:06:39.959 --> 00:06:42.259 you this incredibly vivid image of this ancient 00:06:42.259 --> 00:06:44.819 giraffe wandering around with these sweeping 00:06:44.819 --> 00:06:47.759 curved musical looking horns on its head it's 00:06:47.759 --> 00:06:52.180 poetic it's perfectly descriptive it is but this 00:06:52.180 --> 00:06:54.939 is where the strict uncompromising rules of taxonomy 00:06:54.939 --> 00:06:57.259 come crashing in yeah you can't just pick a name 00:06:57.259 --> 00:07:00.529 because it's pretty no you cannot Taxonomic classification 00:07:00.529 --> 00:07:03.050 requires every genus name to be globally unique. 00:07:03.230 --> 00:07:05.709 Right. Otherwise you get chaos. If a bug and 00:07:05.709 --> 00:07:08.310 a dinosaur have the same name, searching databases 00:07:08.310 --> 00:07:11.050 becomes a nightmare. So when they published Lyra, 00:07:11.250 --> 00:07:13.970 the governing bodies flagged it as preoccupied. 00:07:14.230 --> 00:07:16.410 Preoccupied, which is a very polite way of saying, 00:07:16.569 --> 00:07:19.209 sorry, taken. Taken by a lot of things. Yes. 00:07:19.670 --> 00:07:23.870 Not just one obscure bug. Lyra was already the 00:07:23.870 --> 00:07:27.970 registered name for a snail. Yep. A clam. A bruchiopod. 00:07:29.040 --> 00:07:33.139 And a fish. Four completely unrelated aquatic 00:07:33.139 --> 00:07:36.300 creatures already called dibs. It really shows 00:07:36.300 --> 00:07:38.800 how crowded the catalog of life on Earth is. 00:07:39.319 --> 00:07:42.000 Biologists hit this wall all the time. When your 00:07:42.000 --> 00:07:44.839 name is preoccupied, you are legally obligated 00:07:44.839 --> 00:07:47.959 to formally retract it and publish a fix. I feel 00:07:47.959 --> 00:07:49.600 like everyone listening can relate to this. You 00:07:49.600 --> 00:07:51.980 know, when you finally hit send on that massive, 00:07:52.060 --> 00:07:54.379 super important email to the whole company. And 00:07:54.379 --> 00:07:56.540 you immediately see a typo in the subject line. 00:07:56.600 --> 00:07:58.730 Yes. You have to send that horrible, immediate 00:07:58.730 --> 00:08:00.870 follow -up email, correction, please see attached. 00:08:01.629 --> 00:08:03.350 That's basically what these scientists had to 00:08:03.350 --> 00:08:05.629 do, but in the permanent scientific record. Exactly. 00:08:05.629 --> 00:08:09.069 So in 2025, Rios and Salunias issue their correction. 00:08:09.290 --> 00:08:10.670 And they have to find something that satisfies 00:08:10.670 --> 00:08:13.069 the rules but still honors their original idea. 00:08:13.230 --> 00:08:14.910 Right. They don't want to lose the lyre imagery. 00:08:15.209 --> 00:08:18.050 So they land on lyrekerics. Lyrekerics. They 00:08:18.050 --> 00:08:20.449 took the Greek suffix kerics, which means horns, 00:08:20.649 --> 00:08:23.290 and tacked it on. So it literally translates 00:08:23.290 --> 00:08:26.399 to lyre horns. That's a great save. It's a perfect 00:08:26.399 --> 00:08:30.079 taxonomic fix. It secures the unique genus identifier 00:08:30.079 --> 00:08:33.840 while keeping the descriptive morphology. Lyricuric's 00:08:33.840 --> 00:08:36.059 shirkana becomes official. Problem solved. The 00:08:36.059 --> 00:08:38.480 paperwork is filed. 30 years of waiting, plus 00:08:38.480 --> 00:08:40.940 a minor naming crisis, all neatly resolved. I 00:08:40.940 --> 00:08:44.059 didn't think so. But no. Because what does this 00:08:44.059 --> 00:08:46.759 all actually mean for the science? Just when 00:08:46.759 --> 00:08:49.480 the ink is drying on the new Lyricuric's name 00:08:49.480 --> 00:08:54.190 in 2025, the plot thickens again. It does. Later 00:08:54.190 --> 00:08:56.850 that exact same year, a massive book is published 00:08:56.850 --> 00:08:59.690 called At the Foot of the Himalayas, Paleontology 00:08:59.690 --> 00:09:02.269 and Ecosystem Dynamics of the Swalik Record. 00:09:02.450 --> 00:09:05.470 A light beach read. Very light. But inside this 00:09:05.470 --> 00:09:08.149 book is a chapter co -authored by Nico Salonius, 00:09:08.250 --> 00:09:10.809 the very same researcher who just co -named Lyra 00:09:10.809 --> 00:09:14.110 Courix. He and M. Danowitz do a brand new reassessment 00:09:14.110 --> 00:09:16.649 of the material. Wait, why are they reassessing 00:09:16.649 --> 00:09:18.669 the exact same fragments, the holotype and two 00:09:18.669 --> 00:09:21.190 of the paratypes, mere months after they just 00:09:21.190 --> 00:09:23.570 finished naming it? Because science doesn't sleep. 00:09:23.730 --> 00:09:26.250 They were doing a deeper, more granular comparison 00:09:26.250 --> 00:09:28.750 of the morphology, specifically looking at how 00:09:28.750 --> 00:09:30.870 these animals fit into the broader ecosystem 00:09:30.870 --> 00:09:33.690 dynamics of the Swahili Hills. And when they 00:09:33.690 --> 00:09:35.710 looked closer at the skull base and the horn 00:09:35.710 --> 00:09:38.149 structures, they saw signals that complicated 00:09:38.149 --> 00:09:40.090 their original Wyrick -Ricks classification. 00:09:40.389 --> 00:09:43.590 So what did they do? They formally decided to 00:09:43.590 --> 00:09:47.500 provisionally refer those three specimens. to 00:09:47.500 --> 00:09:50.240 a totally different, already existing genus called 00:09:50.240 --> 00:09:52.860 Dessinotherium. Okay, stop. From the outside, 00:09:53.059 --> 00:09:55.740 that sounds wild. You spend 30 years getting 00:09:55.740 --> 00:09:58.500 a fossil named, you fight a snail for the trademark, 00:09:58.700 --> 00:10:00.720 you win, and then months later you say, actually, 00:10:00.759 --> 00:10:02.639 never mind, it belongs in this other category. 00:10:02.980 --> 00:10:04.519 I know how it looks. It looks like they messed 00:10:04.519 --> 00:10:06.679 up. It looks like the data is just totally unstable. 00:10:07.059 --> 00:10:08.919 But if we connect this to the bigger picture, 00:10:09.139 --> 00:10:12.460 that perspective is entirely wrong. This is not 00:10:12.460 --> 00:10:15.340 a failure of science. This is exactly what science 00:10:15.340 --> 00:10:17.000 is supposed to look like. You mean the willingness 00:10:17.000 --> 00:10:20.159 to change your mind. Exactly. Taxonomy is not 00:10:20.159 --> 00:10:23.440 some rigid, infallible catalog. It's a living, 00:10:23.600 --> 00:10:26.440 breathing hypothesis. We are trying to group 00:10:26.440 --> 00:10:30.460 millions of years of messy, overlapping evolution 00:10:30.460 --> 00:10:33.200 using a few broken bits of bone. Right. So when 00:10:33.200 --> 00:10:36.019 Salonius and Danowitz referred the fossils to 00:10:36.019 --> 00:10:38.419 Dysenteryum, they were just following the evidence, 00:10:38.580 --> 00:10:40.240 even though it contradicted their own recent 00:10:40.240 --> 00:10:42.980 paper. That takes serious scientific integrity. 00:10:43.500 --> 00:10:45.379 And I think the crucial word in their paper is 00:10:45.379 --> 00:10:48.299 provisionally. Yes. They didn't say we were totally 00:10:48.299 --> 00:10:50.500 wrong. It's 100 % disinetherium. They introduced 00:10:50.500 --> 00:10:54.080 nuance. The nuance is the whole point. They explicitly 00:10:54.080 --> 00:10:56.580 noted that while these fragments looked a lot 00:10:56.580 --> 00:10:59.179 like disinetherium, there were real differences. 00:10:59.340 --> 00:11:01.919 The angle where the horns attach, the thickness 00:11:01.919 --> 00:11:04.700 of the joints at the back of the skull, it didn't 00:11:04.700 --> 00:11:06.980 perfectly match the baseline. And to make it 00:11:06.980 --> 00:11:09.080 even more confusing, they noticed these fossils 00:11:09.080 --> 00:11:11.980 also shared similarities with a completely different 00:11:11.980 --> 00:11:14.940 extinct giraffid called Bramatherium. Right. 00:11:15.000 --> 00:11:18.120 And this is the reality of studying Miocene paleontology. 00:11:18.829 --> 00:11:20.990 Classifying these giraffes is incredibly hard 00:11:20.990 --> 00:11:22.789 because they were highly adaptable. They were 00:11:22.789 --> 00:11:25.889 evolving fast. Yes. And their physical traits 00:11:25.889 --> 00:11:28.769 often converged because they were facing similar 00:11:28.769 --> 00:11:30.830 environmental pressures in the Sawalik Hills. 00:11:31.070 --> 00:11:34.470 The lines between a Lyraecherix, a Decenotherium, 00:11:34.490 --> 00:11:36.450 and a Bramotherium were probably really blurry. 00:11:36.649 --> 00:11:39.330 So we have a partial skull with lyre -shaped 00:11:39.330 --> 00:11:42.659 horns. The base of the skull looks a bit like 00:11:42.659 --> 00:11:45.399 Dicenotherium, but it also resembles Bromotherium, 00:11:45.460 --> 00:11:47.340 and it still might actually be its own unique 00:11:47.340 --> 00:11:50.200 thing, Lyricurix, sitting at the very bottom 00:11:50.200 --> 00:11:53.259 of the Cybithrinae family tree. It is a beautifully 00:11:53.259 --> 00:11:56.539 complicated puzzle. It totally shatters the illusion 00:11:56.539 --> 00:11:59.039 that paleontology is just dusting off a complete 00:11:59.039 --> 00:12:01.539 bone and putting it in a pre -labeled box. It 00:12:01.539 --> 00:12:03.980 really does. So to synthesize everything we've 00:12:03.980 --> 00:12:06.019 pulled from this deep dive, We're looking at 00:12:06.019 --> 00:12:09.740 a fossil found in 1994. It sat there until 2024. 00:12:10.639 --> 00:12:13.500 Then in the span of one year, it was named. It 00:12:13.500 --> 00:12:16.139 got into a trademark dispute with a clam. It 00:12:16.139 --> 00:12:18.840 was renamed Lyra Crix. And then it got provisionally 00:12:18.840 --> 00:12:21.419 reclassified into a broader ecosystems study. 00:12:21.539 --> 00:12:23.799 It's a whirlwind. It proves that our knowledge 00:12:23.799 --> 00:12:26.779 isn't static. The scientific record is an active, 00:12:26.899 --> 00:12:29.259 ongoing dialogue. And this raises an important 00:12:29.259 --> 00:12:31.139 question about how we handle new information 00:12:31.139 --> 00:12:33.360 in our own lives when it challenges our previous 00:12:33.360 --> 00:12:35.620 categories. We have to have the same intellectual 00:12:35.620 --> 00:12:37.840 flexibility that these paleontologists have. 00:12:37.980 --> 00:12:40.500 When new data comes in, you have to be willing 00:12:40.500 --> 00:12:43.759 to adjust your labels. Absolutely. I want to 00:12:43.759 --> 00:12:45.460 leave you with a final thought to mull over today, 00:12:45.580 --> 00:12:48.100 building on this entire journey. Okay. The holotype 00:12:48.100 --> 00:12:50.879 was pulled from the dirt in 1994, but it didn't 00:12:50.879 --> 00:12:53.860 get its story told until 2024. 30 years in a 00:12:53.860 --> 00:12:57.659 drawer. It makes you wonder, how many other world 00:12:57.659 --> 00:12:59.820 -changing discoveries are sitting in museum drawers 00:12:59.820 --> 00:13:02.620 right now? Oh, thousands. Right. Missing evolutionary 00:13:02.620 --> 00:13:05.919 links, entirely new clades, labeled with some 00:13:05.919 --> 00:13:09.779 provisional number like YGSP 47357, just quietly 00:13:09.779 --> 00:13:12.019 waiting for someone to finally read the story 00:13:12.019 --> 00:13:14.159 hidden in their bones. The next big breakthrough 00:13:14.159 --> 00:13:16.580 is probably already in a filing cabinet. It completely 00:13:16.580 --> 00:13:19.220 changes how you view museum collections. Thank 00:13:19.220 --> 00:13:21.059 you so much for joining us on this deep dive 00:13:21.059 --> 00:13:24.139 into the wonderfully messy world of Lyra Carrick's 00:13:24.360 --> 00:13:26.639 We really appreciate you exploring these sources 00:13:26.639 --> 00:13:28.759 with us, and we can't wait to unpack the next 00:13:28.759 --> 00:13:29.460 topic with you.