Welcome back to the Deep Dive. You know, usually
when we pick a subject for these conversations,
we are looking at a very specific lane. We look
at a great general or maybe a groundbreaking
scientist or a controversial politician. It's
neat. It's tidy. It is. You know what box they
fit into. But today, today feels like we're looking
at a fictional character written by a screenwriter
who just couldn't decide on a genre. That is
a very, very apt way to put it. We are talking
about a figure who... quite honestly makes the
most interesting man in the world look like he
needs to get out more yeah if you pitch this
guy's life as a movie script to a studio today
they would reject it they would say it's too
unrealistic Too cluttered. Too much. No one would
believe one person did all of this. Exactly.
We are diving into the life of Prince Rupert
of the Rhine. And you are right, it is. It's
just the most insane CV of the 17th century.
Okay, just to give everyone a taste of the resume
we're dealing with here, and I want to stress
this is all one single human being. We have a
teenage cavalry commander who, you know, basically
revolutionized warfare. Check. And a brilliant
one at that. Then we have a pirate who terrorized
the Caribbean. A very desperate, possibly malaria
-ridden pirate, but yes, a pirate nonetheless.
Okay, we also have a colonial governor who basically
drew the map of modern Canada. The huge chunk
of it, anyway. Yeah. Then a high -level scientist.
A chemist, a metallurgist who invented new weapons
and alloys, a professional artist who invented
new ways to print images, and my personal favorite.
Oh, I know which one you're going to say. A man
accused by half of England of being a literal
wizard with a shape -shifting demon dog. It's
like the Forrest Gump of the 1600s. The Forrest
Gump was 6 '4", carried a sword. and understood
high -level chemistry. And that is really our
mission for this deep dive. We aren't just reciting
a biography here. We want to unpack how one human
being could embody so many conflicting lives.
I mean, how do you go from the brutality of a
cavalry charge in the English Civil War to the
delicate, quiet work of a laboratory in the Royal
Society? And maybe more importantly, what does
his life tell us about the world he lived in?
Because Rupert... He really spans this gap between
the old world of knights and kings and divine
right. Right. And the new world of science, commerce
and global trade. He is the bridge between those
two eras. We have got a stack of sources here.
We're looking at military archives from the Civil
War, scientific journals from the Royal Society,
even colonial charters. So let's start at the
beginning. Where does a guy like this even come
from? Yeah. Because despite the title Prince,
this wasn't exactly a Disney fairy tale upbringing,
was it? Oh, far from it. I mean, to understand
Rupert, you have to understand the absolute disaster
into which he was born. Okay. He enters the world
in Prague in 1619. His parents are Frederick
V and Elizabeth Stuart. Now, Elizabeth is the
daughter of James the First of England, so Rupert
is the grandson of the British king. So he is
blue -blooded royalty. He should be set for life.
the highest grade royalty. But his father, Frederick,
made a gamble, a huge one. He accepted an offer
to become the king of Bohemia. That sounds like
a good thing. A promotion. It seemed like a power
move, a way to elevate the family. But it was
actually a trap. Taking that throne basically
kicked off the Thirty Years' War, which was this
massive, devastating conflict that tore Europe
apart for decades. And how long did they actually
get to enjoy being king and queen of Bohemia?
I feel like there's a catch here. One winter.
One winter. Just one. Hence the nickname you
see in all the history books, the Winter King
and Queen. Wow. They were royals for a season.
The Holy Roman Emperor's horses came crushing
in and the collapse was sudden and just violent.
I read the story in the notes about their escape
from Prague and it sounds like an action movie
scene. The enemy is literally at the gates. The
court is fleeing in panic and they forget something
or someone. They almost forgot Rupert. The baby.
He was just an infant, less than a year old,
in the frantic rush to load the carriages, pack
the jewels, you know, escape the advancing army.
The nursemaids apparently just set him down.
They left the baby behind. For a minute, yeah.
The carriages started rolling away, picking up
speed. And the sources say a courtier named Christopher
Donah heard the child screaming, realized what
had happened, ran back, grabbed the bundle. Oh,
my God. And literally tossed the prince into
the boot of a moving carriage at the last second.
As they were speeding away. Talk about a dramatic
entrance to the world. Welcome to life, kid.
Try not to get left behind. So that sets the
tone. Yeah. He goes from a palace to permanent
exile. Ended up in The Hague in the Netherlands.
And this is so crucial for understanding his
personality. He grew up as a prince, but a prince
without a country. Right. The family was relying
on pensions from relatives and, you know. ponding
their jewelry just to pay the rent and keep up
appearances. That is a weird psychological space
to grow up in. You're told you're better than
everyone else, you have this royal title, but
you're broke and living on charity? Exactly.
It creates a massive chip on the shoulder. He
had something to prove from day one. And to top
it all off, his home life was cold. His mother,
Elizabeth, was known to be quite distant. Yeah,
the letters and records suggest she actually
preferred her pet monkeys and dogs to her own
children. Ouch! Replaced by a monkey? That's
got to do wonders for your self -esteem. It meant
Rupert and his siblings were raised primarily
by French governors and tutors. The education
was rigorous, though. We're talking strict Calvinism,
so very religious, very disciplined. He studied
logic, mathematics, drawing, fortification. So
practical stuff, not just philosophy. Very practical.
And he wasn't just book smart, right? The notes
mention he was a bit of a wild child. He was
a handful. He earned a nickname in the court,
Robert le Diable, Rupert the Devil. He was described
as fiery, mischievous, just incredibly passionate.
He hated Latin and Greek, the classic scholar
subjects, but he was brilliant at math and drawing.
And physically, he was an anomaly. You mentioned
his height. He grew incredibly fast. By the time
he was 18, he was about six foot four. In 1630s.
I mean, that's NBA size in an era where the average
man was probably five, six or five, seven. He
would have towered over almost everyone on the
battlefield. And that is exactly where he went.
He didn't really have a teenage phase. He went
straight into the war. At what age? He was fighting
in the 80 Years War and the 30 Years War while
he was still a teenager. He was at the siege
of Rhineburg at age 14. 14 years old, standing
in a trench, getting shot at. It's just a different
world. It was his only career option. As the
younger son of a deposed king, he had to fight
for a living. He was essentially a high -class
mercenary. But this early military career hit
a major speed bump. Right. In 1638, the Battle
of Lotho. Exactly. He was trying to help his
brother reclaim their father's lands. Yeah. It
went terribly. What happened? Well, Rupert fought
like a demon. The accounts say he cut his way
through the enemy ranks. But he was surrounded,
his horse was killed, and he was captured by
the imperial forces. So now the giant teenager
is a prisoner of war. For three years. He was
imprisoned in the castle at Linz. But... And
this is important. We have to adjust our modern
idea of prison. So he wasn't in a dungeon breaking
rocks. No, he was a valuable royal hostage. The
emperor actually tried to recruit him. They offered
him freedom, a command in the imperial army,
huge estates on one condition. Let me guess.
Religion. He had to convert to Catholicism. And
that's a pretty tutting offer for a brick exile.
Sell out your religion, get rich, get out of
jail. And he said no. He refused. He held firm
to his Calvinist faith. So he settled in for
the long haul. And this imprisonment is actually
where we see the Renaissance man start to emerge.
He treated it like a university. What does he
do? He played tennis. He practiced his shooting.
He read military textbooks. And he really focused
on his art, specifically etching. And I saw a
note here about a romance in prison. Yes, with
the jailer's daughter, Susan Kufstein. It sounds
like something out of a novel, doesn't it? It
really does. But perhaps the most significant
relationship he formed in prison, and the one
that would haunt his reputation later, was with
a dog. Ah, here we go. The dog. I feel like this
dog needs his own deep dive. He probably does.
Rupert was gifted a rare white hunting poodle
by an English admirer while he was in prison.
Now, when we say poodle, we're not talking about
the perfectly groomed, poofy show dogs we see
today. Not at all. This was a standard poodle.
A proper hunting dog. Smart, agile, tough, a
water retriever. He named him Boy. Just Boy.
Or Poodle. German word for Poodle. He kept it
simple. But this dog became his shadow. He taught
it tricks and slept in his bed. When Rupert was
finally released in 1641 after promising not
to fight against the emperor again, he took Boy
with him. And that dog was about to become the
most famous animal in British history. The most
infamous, maybe. Right, because this is the pivot
point. Rupert is out of prison. He's got his
giant white dog. He's 23 years old. And his uncle,
King Charles I of England, is in deep. deep trouble.
The English Civil War is kicking off in 1642.
It's the king versus parliament. It's a messy,
brutal conflict over who actually runs the country.
Charles summons Rupert. And when Rupert arrives,
he brings something the English hadn't seen before.
He brings modern European warfare. The English
hadn't fought a major war on their own soil in
a long, long time. Their tactics were outdated
almost. Polite. Polite warfare, in a way. Rupert
shows up with the brutal experience of the Thirty
Years' War. Charles immediately appoints him
general force. He puts a 23 -year -old in charge
of the entire cavalry. That seems incredibly
risky. It was a gamble, but it paid off instantly.
Rupert introduced shock tactics. Okay, break
that down for us. What's the difference between
what the English were doing and what Rupert told
them to do? Okay, so the traditional English
method at the time was called the caracole. Cavalry
would ride up to the enemy, fire their pistols,
wheel around, ride to the back to reload, and
the next rank would come up. So it's basically
a drive -by shooting on horseback. Very slow.
Exactly. It was slow. It was static. Rupert said,
no, put the pistols away. He taught them the
Swedish tactic he'd seen in Europe. You form
a tight line, knee to knee. You draw swords.
And you charge at a full gallop directly into
the enemy infantry. You turn the horse itself
into a projectile. Precisely. It's physics and
terror. A wall of horse and steel hitting you
at 30 miles per hour. It just shattered the parliamentarian
lines. At the Battle of Edge Hill, the first
major fight, Rupert's charge just evaporated
the enemy wing. It was terrifying to behold.
But this is where the flaw in his genius appears,
isn't it? I've heard it described that he had
the go -butter, but no stop. button. That is
the classic criticism and it is largely valid.
At Edge Hill his men smashed the enemy but then
they kept going. They didn't reform. Nope. They
chased the fleeing troops for miles. They stopped
to loot the baggage train. Meanwhile back on
the actual battlefield the king's infantry was
left exposed and got hammered. So he won the
moment but almost lost the battle because he
couldn't control the chaos he created. The recurring
theme. He was a brilliant tactician, but an undisciplined
commander. And arrogant. Oh, so arrogant. He
became the archetype of the Cavalier. Long hair,
lace collars, flamboyant dress, incredibly brave,
but looking down his nose at everyone. He didn't
suffer fools, and he thought most of the English
commanders were fools, pretty much. And this
is where the propaganda machine kicks into high
gear. Because the parliamentarians, the roundheads,
they were terrified of him. But they were oddly
obsessed with the dog. Right. It's a fascinating
case study in 17th century fake news. It really
is. The parliamentarian writers needed to dehumanize
Rupert because he was beating them so badly.
So they targeted Boy. They published these pamphlets
claiming this white poodle was a familiar. A
witch's familiar. A demon in animal form. Exactly.
I looked at some of the claims in the source
material and they are just... Wild. They said
the dog could catch bullets. Catch bullets in
his mouth, find hidden treasure, prophesy the
future. They claimed Rupert spoke to the dog
in a secret language and the dog gave him tactical
advice before battles. My favorite one is the
shapeshifter theory. It's just so out there.
Oh, the Lapland lady. Yes, please tell me about
the Lapland lady. So one pamphlet claimed the
dog was actually a beautiful witch from Lapland
who could shapeshift into a white dog to protect
the prince. And it's she. Well, let's just say
they implied the relationship was very close.
That is... wow. Politics hasn't changed much,
has it? Just make up the craziest thing possible
to discredit your opponent. And the royalists
didn't help. They thought it was hilarious. They
leaned into it. Rupert would have the dog sit
at the dinner table during councils of war. It
just added to his aura of invincibility. I have
a magic dog. What do you have? But being that
scary has a downside. He wasn't just known as
a wizard. He was known as the prince robber.
Yes. This is the darker side of his legacy in
the war. Rupert brought total war to England.
In Europe, armies lived off the land, which meant
taking food and money from civilians. A kind
of sanctioned looting. In England, that was seen
as a war crime. Their wars hadn't been like that.
So when Rupert demanded money from Leicester
to not sack the city, or when he attacked Birmingham,
it was a shock to the system. Let's talk about
the incident at Birmingham, the burning of Birmingham.
Rupert attacked the town, and in the chaos of
the fighting, a huge portion of it burned down.
The parliamentarians immediately painted him
as a monster who willfully torched innocent people's
homes. And was it willful? What do the sources
say? They're split. It is likely he lost control
of his men. Again, that discipline issue, or
that fire simply started during the street fighting
and spread naturally. But the label stuck. He
was the bloody prince. He was seen as a foreign
mercenary wrecking England. And eventually the
war turns. The parliamentarians get their act
together. They form the new model army. They
get disciplined. They get Oliver Cromwell. And
Rupert's luck runs out. The real turning point
for him personally is the surrender of Bristol
in 1645. Right. Bristol was a key port, the second
city of the kingdom. Exactly. Rupert was in charge
of defending it. But he looked at the situation.
There was plague in the city. The walls were
weak. He was outnumbered. And he knew fighting
meant a massacre of the civilians and his men.
So he surrendered to save lives. That seems like
a rational military decision. It was. But King
Charles saw his treason. He was devastated. He
fired Rupert, just like that. He dismissed him
from all command and revoked his passports. Imagine
that. You fight for your uncle for three years.
You become the most hated man in the country
for him. And then he fires you for making a rational
choice to save lives. Rupert did not handle it
well. He actually rode through enemy territory,
fighting skirmishers along the way, just to get
to the king and demand a court -martial. He forced
the king to listen to him. I'm not leaving until
you admit I was right. And he won. The court
-martial exonerated him completely. But it didn't
matter. The war was lost by then. And then...
the final personal blow came. At the Battle of
Marston Moor, which is a total disaster for the
royalists, Boy escaped his leash in the camp.
Oh. He ran onto the battlefield, apparently looking
for Rupert, and he was shot and killed. That's
just tragic. The parliamentarians celebrated
it like they had killed a general. They circulated
pictures of the dead dog with captions like,
The devil is dead. It broke Rupert's heart. It
was the end of the magic for him, in a way. So
let's take stock. The war is lost. His dog is
dead. His uncle the king is about to be captured
and then executed. Rupert is banished. He's in
his late 20s. Most people would just go find
a quiet cottage in France and retire. But not
Rupert. Rupert decides to become a pirate. Privateer
is the polite term he would have used. But yes,
a pirate. He refused to give up the fight. During
the interregnum, the period when Oliver Cromwell
was running England as a Republic grister, Rupert...
took command of the tattered remains of the Royalist
fleet. And this wasn't a glorious adventure,
was it? We aren't talking Jack Sparrow here.
This was grim. No, this is one of the most grueling
parts of his life. They were starving. Their
ships were rotting and leaking. They were sailing
from Ireland to Portugal to the Mediterranean,
basically stealing any ship and cargo they could
find to sell. Just to fund the exiled court?
Exactly. To send money to the exiled Charles
II. And all this time, they're being hunted by
the English Navy. Relentlessly. Admiral Robert
Blake, who was a brilliant parliamentarian commander,
was chasing them everywhere. He was. Eventually,
Rupert realizes Europe is too hot. They can't
stay there. So he decides to cross the Atlantic.
He goes to West Africa first, to the Gambia.
What on earth was the plan there? Gold. He had
heard rumors of a mountain of gold. He took his
fleet up the Gambia River. But instead of gold,
they found malaria. Rupert almost died. He was
delirious with fever for weeks. And I read that
he acquired a servant there who stayed with him
for years. Yes, a Moorish servant. The records
don't give us his name, unfortunately. But he
returned to England with Rupert and stayed with
him for the rest of his life. But the trip was
a bust. No gold. So they crossed the Atlantic
to the Caribbean. And this is where the Forrest
Gump factor kicks in again. He's sailing around
the Virgin Islands trying to pirate Spanish ships
and a massive hurricane hits. I cannot even imagine
being in a 17th century wooden ship in a Category
5 hurricane. It must have been catastrophic.
And this is where the real tragedy of his pirate
years happens. Yeah. His brother, Prince Maurice,
was with him. Maurice was captaining a ship called
the Defiance. Maurice had been with him through
the whole war, right? Everywhere. They were inseparable.
And during the storm, in the pitch black, the
defiance disappeared. Gone. Gone with all hands.
Vanished. Rupert spent days searching the waters,
refusing to leave the area, hoping to find a
survivor, a piece of wreckage, anything. But
he never did. He lost his brother to the sea.
It's a pattern. It seems like everyone he gets
close to, he loses. His father, his dog, his
uncle, and now his brother. It took a heavy toll.
When Rupert finally returned to Europe in 1653,
he was exhausted. He was bitter. And to top it
all off, he fell out with Charles II because
the piracy campaign hadn't actually made much
money. It wasn't profitable. No. The ships cost
more to repair than the loot was worth. So he's
washed up. The warrior prince is now just an
old, tired sailor with no money and no home.
It absolutely seemed that way. He spent a few
years just wandering Germany, living off handouts.
But then history flips again. 1660. The Restoration.
Cromwell is dead. Cromwell is dead. The Republic
collapses. Charles II is invited back to England
to be king. The monarchy is restored. And Rupert
comes home. And this is my favorite pivot in
the entire story, because he doesn't go back
to being a general. He doesn't go back to being
a pirate. He becomes a nerd. A philosophic warrior,
as he was called. He settles into Windsor Castle.
He's made the constable of the castle. And he
transforms his apartments into a high -tech laboratory.
Paint the picture for us. What does this place
look like? Oh, it sounds wonderful. The sources
describe walls decorated with armor, pikes, and
muskets relics of the soldier's life. but then
the tables are covered in glass tubes, crucibles,
forges, and mathematical instruments. It's like
a Bond villain's lair, but for science. It really
is. And he's hanging out with the heavy hitters,
right? The heaviest. He becomes a founding member
of the Royal Society. We're talking about the
group that included Isaac Newton, Robert Hooke,
Christopher Wren. And Rupert wasn't just a royal
mascot they kept around for funding. He was a
genuine contributor. He was in the lab, doing
the work. Let's talk about the nuggets, the inventions,
because some of these are mind blowing for the
1660s. Start with the famous Prince Rupert's
drops. OK, if you haven't seen these on a video,
you really need to look them up. Rupert introduced
these to England. They're these tadpole shaped
glass droplets made by dripping molten glass
into a bucket of cold water. And they have these.
Very strange properties. Crazy properties. Because
the outside cools instantly and the inside is
still hot, it creates immense internal stress,
immense surface tension. The head of the drop
is virtually indestructible. You can hit it with
a hammer, you can shoot it, and it won't break.
It's stronger than steel. But there's a trick.
But if you nip the tail... Just a tiny snap with
a pair of pliers. The release of that tension
causes the entire thing to explode into fine
dust instantly. The fracture moves at something
like 4 ,000 miles per hour. And he'd use these
as party tricks. He'd use them to demonstrate
physics to the king and the court. It was a party
trick, but it was also deep science about material
stress. But he didn't just play with glass. He
was making weapons. Of course he was. Always
the soldier. He invented a type of gunpowder
that was claimed to be 10 times stronger than
the standard issue. He designed a repeating gun
with rotating barrels. A revolver in the 1660s.
A proto -machine gun, essentially. He also designed
a diving engine, which was basically a torpedo
for blowing up ships underwater. And he invented
a new alloy called Prince's Metal. Right, a type
of brass. A form of brass that was highly resistant
to corrosion, which made it perfect for naval
artillery. And I read something about surgical
tools. This one really surprised me. Yes. Remember
I mentioned he was shot in the head in France
during his exile years? He had to be trepanned,
which is where they drill a hole in your skull
to relieve pressure. A horrifying procedure.
I can't even imagine. While he was recovering,
he apparently decided the tools the doctors used
were garbage. Just completely inefficient. So
he designed better surgical instruments for skull
operations. Doctor, your drill is inefficient.
Here, let me design you a better one. The confidence
of this man. It's practical genius. He sees a
problem, he invents a solution, and we haven't
even touched the art. This is the soft side of
Rupert. He is credited with popularizing mezzotint
in England. Okay, I am not an art major. Explain
mezzotint to me like I'm five. Of course. So,
traditional engraving is drawing with lines.
You scratch a line into a copper plate, ink goes
in the line, you get a black line on white paper.
Simple enough. Mezzotint is the exact opposite.
You start by roughening the entire copper plate
with a tool called a rocker. So if you printed
it, it would be pitch black. Then you use a scraper
and a burnisher to smooth out the parts that
you want to be light. So you're drawing with
light out of darkness. Exactly. It allows for
incredible shading, velvet -like textures, and
really moody, dramatic lighting. It was perfect
for the Baroque style. Rupert's most famous work,
The Great Executioner, is considered a masterpiece.
It isn't just good for a prince. It's professional
great art. So we have the warrior, the pirate,
the scientist, the artist. But we have one more
life to cover. And this one is the reason why,
if you live in Canada, you see the name Rupert
absolutely everywhere. This brings us to the
business tycoon phase. Rupert became interested
in the fur trade. He met two French explorers.
Radisson and Grosseye. Right. They had a theory
that you could access the fur -rich interior
of North America via the Hudson Bay rather than
going up the St. Lawrence River, which the French
controlled. And Rupert the Risk -Taker saw an
opportunity. A massive one. He formed a syndicate,
invested his own money, and sent ships. When
they came back with high -quality beaver belts,
he went to his cousin, King Charles II, and got
a royal charter in 1670. The Hudson's Bay Company
was born. And the land grant in that charter.
It wasn't small, was it? It was astronomical.
The king granted the company Rupert's land. And
the charter defined this as all the land drained
by rivers that flow into Hudson Bay. Which they
probably didn't realize at the time was. No,
they had no idea of the geography. That drainage
basin covers about 40 % of modern Canada. It
stretches from Alberta to Quebec and south down
into North Dakota and Minnesota. It was a third
of a continent. And Rupert owned it. He was the
first governor of the company. He effectively
controlled a territory the size of Western Europe.
And the great irony is he never saw it. He never
set foot in Canada. But his administrative decisions,
his charter, shaped the political geography of
North America for centuries. That is just incredible.
He's sitting in a lab in Windsor inventing skull
drills and drawing mezzotints while simultaneously
owning half of Canada. And still finding time
to go back to sea. In his 50s, he served as admiral
during the Anglo -Dutch Wars. And again, he couldn't
help but innovate. He developed aggressive naval
doctrines. Specifically the idea of breaking
the enemy line rather than just sailing parallel
to it. Which is the tactic Nelson used to win
the Battle of Trafalgar over a century later.
Exactly. Rupert was always pushing for the aggressive
move, the decisive blow. Did he ever settle down
personally? We talked about the jailer's daughter,
but did he ever marry? He never married legitimately.
He knew his role was to be the supportive cousin
to the king, not to start a rival dynasty. But
he did find happiness in his later years. He
fell deeply in love with an actress named Peg
Hughes. An actress? In the 1600s, that was scandal
territory. Huge scandal. Actresses were seen
as, well, barely above prostitutes in the social
hierarchy of the time. But Rupert didn't care.
He was devoted to her. They lived together, and
they had a daughter. And he named her. Let me
guess. Ruperta. Of course he did. He branded
his own child. And the domestic glimpse we get
from the letters is really charming. The man
who burned Birmingham, who raided the Gambia,
who charged at Edge Hill. He writes about his
daughter Ruperta. He says, quote, she rules the
whole house and sometimes argues with her mother,
which makes us all laugh. The terrifying cavalier
general being bossed around by a toddler. It's
a very human end to a superhuman life. He died
in 1682 at his home in Westminster. He was given
a state funeral and buried in Westminster Abbey.
So when we look back at this, how do we sum him
up? Because usually we try to find a single thread.
But here the thread is that there is no thread.
I think the contradiction is the thread. He was
a mad cavalier who was accused of brutality,
but also a sensitive artist who revolutionized
printmaking. Right. He was a pirate who raided
for survival, but also a careful bureaucrat who
managed the Royal Navy's logistics. He is a man
of extremes. He didn't do anything halfway. And
it raises a really provocative thought for us
today. We live in a world of hyper -specialization.
You're a doctor or you're a coder or a soldier.
You pick a lane and you stay in it. Rupert is
a reminder of an era. perhaps a lost era where
a polymath prince could exist. Which makes you
wonder, was it his unique once -in -a -generation
genius, or was it the chaotic opportunity of
the 17th century that allowed someone to be a
general, an admiral, a pirate, a governor, a
scientist, and an artist all at once? I think
it was both. The chaos of the era created the
vacuum, and Rupert had the sheer energy and intellect
to fill it. He saw the world not as separate
boxes, but as one big problem to be solved, whether
that was winning a battle, fixing a skull, or
drawing a picture. I don't think we'll ever see
a resume like that again. If you want to see
a little piece of his legacy, seriously, go to
a video site and search for Prince Rupert's drops
being crushed by a hydraulic press. It is incredibly
satisfying science. It really is. Or just pull
up a map of Canada and count how many times you
see the word Rupert. You'll be counting for a
while. That's all for this deep dive into the
wildlife of the Devil Prince. Thanks for listening.
We'll see you next time.