WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:02.419 You know, we talk so much about the digital revolution, 00:00:02.680 --> 00:00:06.320 about ones and zeros. Right. It's all about the 00:00:06.320 --> 00:00:08.859 processing power. But before a single bit of 00:00:08.859 --> 00:00:11.500 that information can be processed, it has to 00:00:11.500 --> 00:00:13.419 come from somewhere. It has to be captured from 00:00:13.419 --> 00:00:16.160 the real world. From the messy, noisy, continuous 00:00:16.160 --> 00:00:18.760 world around us. Exactly. We're talking about 00:00:18.760 --> 00:00:21.859 light, sound, temperature, motion, pressure. 00:00:22.600 --> 00:00:25.760 All of this stuff needs to be turned into a reliable 00:00:25.760 --> 00:00:28.739 electrical signal. And that translation, that... 00:00:29.120 --> 00:00:32.060 critical interface, that's the domain of analog 00:00:32.060 --> 00:00:35.640 devices, ink, ADI. If you're using almost any 00:00:35.640 --> 00:00:37.780 advanced technology today, a medical scanner, 00:00:38.020 --> 00:00:41.179 a car, your phone. You're relying on their work. 00:00:41.259 --> 00:00:43.140 They are sort of the architects of that interface 00:00:43.140 --> 00:00:45.200 between the real world and the digital chip. 00:00:45.299 --> 00:00:47.679 They make that link possible. So for this deep 00:00:47.679 --> 00:00:50.259 dive, we are going to get into how analog devices, 00:00:50.380 --> 00:00:53.380 an American multinational semiconductor company 00:00:53.380 --> 00:00:56.829 that was founded way, way back in 1965. came 00:00:56.829 --> 00:00:58.890 to completely dominate this field. And it really 00:00:58.890 --> 00:01:01.189 boils down to three core pillars for them. High 00:01:01.189 --> 00:01:03.549 performance data conversion, signal processing, 00:01:03.729 --> 00:01:07.390 and power management technology. The scale we're 00:01:07.390 --> 00:01:09.750 talking about here is just immense. Oh, absolutely. 00:01:10.030 --> 00:01:12.310 This is not some niche company. Based on the 00:01:12.310 --> 00:01:14.250 sources we've looked at, ADI is headquartered 00:01:14.250 --> 00:01:16.170 out in Wilmington, Massachusetts. They're pulling 00:01:16.170 --> 00:01:20.269 in something like $11 .02 billion in revenue 00:01:20.269 --> 00:01:24.319 as of 2025. Wow. And they have a global workforce 00:01:24.319 --> 00:01:28.000 of 24 ,500 people. I mean, this is a giant. And 00:01:28.000 --> 00:01:30.299 it's not just the revenue. It's the reach. A 00:01:30.299 --> 00:01:32.799 quarter of a million customers. In every sector 00:01:32.799 --> 00:01:34.900 you can imagine. Communications, automotive, 00:01:35.359 --> 00:01:38.489 healthcare. So our mission today is... Well, 00:01:38.609 --> 00:01:40.730 it's pretty complex. We want to peel back the 00:01:40.730 --> 00:01:43.709 layers on 60 years of history. We need to look 00:01:43.709 --> 00:01:46.590 at their core technologies, those massive acquisitions 00:01:46.590 --> 00:01:49.329 that completely reshape the market. And some 00:01:49.329 --> 00:01:51.650 of the engineering genius behind it all and how 00:01:51.650 --> 00:01:54.269 it, you know, unexpectedly affects all of our 00:01:54.269 --> 00:01:57.890 daily lives. OK, so let's unpack this core mission. 00:01:58.049 --> 00:02:00.609 We often hear this phrase. Translating the real 00:02:00.609 --> 00:02:03.109 world into digital data. Right. Now, for our 00:02:03.109 --> 00:02:05.010 audience, we can probably skip the kindergarten 00:02:05.010 --> 00:02:07.909 definition of analog versus digital. Yeah. Let's 00:02:07.909 --> 00:02:10.189 talk about the actual technical challenge ADI 00:02:10.189 --> 00:02:12.710 solves here. That's the key. Yeah. The challenge 00:02:12.710 --> 00:02:16.009 is immense because that analog input, whether 00:02:16.009 --> 00:02:19.110 it's a tiny microphone signal or a faint radar 00:02:19.110 --> 00:02:23.090 reflection, it's inherently noisy. It's messy. 00:02:23.250 --> 00:02:25.849 It's incredibly messy. It's continuous. And it's 00:02:25.849 --> 00:02:28.810 always got interference. So the job isn't just 00:02:28.810 --> 00:02:31.150 to sample it. No. The job is to capture that 00:02:31.150 --> 00:02:33.990 signal, clean it up, amplify it without adding 00:02:33.990 --> 00:02:36.789 any more distortion, and maintain as much of 00:02:36.789 --> 00:02:38.669 the original information as possible. You're 00:02:38.669 --> 00:02:41.610 trying to map this infinite, continuous physical 00:02:41.610 --> 00:02:45.349 world onto a finite set of ones and zeros. Exactly. 00:02:45.349 --> 00:02:48.129 And if you lose information or add noise right 00:02:48.129 --> 00:02:50.069 at the start of that process... You can't get 00:02:50.069 --> 00:02:52.860 it back. No amount of fancy digital processing 00:02:52.860 --> 00:02:56.099 later on can fix a bad initial measurement. Garbage 00:02:56.099 --> 00:02:58.340 in, garbage out. So the source materials confirm 00:02:58.340 --> 00:03:01.139 that ADI really focuses on five specific types 00:03:01.139 --> 00:03:03.819 of inputs. Right. Light, sound, temperature, 00:03:03.939 --> 00:03:05.979 motion, and pressure. These are the fundamentals. 00:03:06.199 --> 00:03:08.139 And their chips, their integrated circuits, have 00:03:08.139 --> 00:03:10.120 to filter out all that environmental chaos and 00:03:10.120 --> 00:03:12.580 just pull out the clean, usable signal. That 00:03:12.580 --> 00:03:14.300 signal conditioning part, you know, with their 00:03:14.300 --> 00:03:16.680 specialized amplifiers. Right. That's half the 00:03:16.680 --> 00:03:18.819 battle right there. And the other half of the 00:03:18.819 --> 00:03:21.460 battle, the part that is literally the engine 00:03:21.460 --> 00:03:24.000 of the company. That would be the analog to digital 00:03:24.000 --> 00:03:27.439 converters, the EDCs, and, of course, the digital 00:03:27.439 --> 00:03:30.000 to analog converters, the DCs. This isn't just 00:03:30.000 --> 00:03:32.860 one product line for them. Oh, no. This is their 00:03:32.860 --> 00:03:35.580 absolute center of gravity. It accounts for over 00:03:35.580 --> 00:03:38.800 50 % of the entire company's revenue. They are 00:03:38.800 --> 00:03:41.580 the global benchmark for this technology. Okay, 00:03:41.639 --> 00:03:44.280 so let's dig into that. What makes an ADI data 00:03:44.280 --> 00:03:46.580 converter so good? It's not just, you know, a 00:03:46.580 --> 00:03:48.860 black box that spits out a number. It's all about 00:03:48.860 --> 00:03:51.659 fidelity. Pure and simple. Fidelity. And that 00:03:51.659 --> 00:03:54.300 breaks down into a few key things. When you look 00:03:54.300 --> 00:03:56.719 at why they have this advantage, you're looking 00:03:56.719 --> 00:04:00.319 at superior resolution. How many bits they use 00:04:00.319 --> 00:04:02.379 to describe the signal. More bits, more detail. 00:04:02.699 --> 00:04:05.699 Exactly. Finer granularity. Then you've got the 00:04:05.699 --> 00:04:08.159 sampling rate, how fast they can take snapshots 00:04:08.159 --> 00:04:10.479 of that signal. But honestly, maybe the most 00:04:10.479 --> 00:04:12.960 important thing is the noise floor. The electrical 00:04:12.960 --> 00:04:15.680 hiss. The background hiss, exactly. ADI components 00:04:15.680 --> 00:04:18.259 are just engineered to introduce the absolute 00:04:18.259 --> 00:04:20.980 minimum amount of noise and distortion during 00:04:20.980 --> 00:04:23.699 that conversion process. So even a really, really 00:04:23.699 --> 00:04:25.920 faint signal can be picked out from the background. 00:04:26.120 --> 00:04:28.259 Precisely. That's why they are foundational to 00:04:28.259 --> 00:04:30.759 100 ,000 customers. It's not that they just make 00:04:30.759 --> 00:04:33.240 an ADC. It's that they make an ADC that gives 00:04:33.240 --> 00:04:36.060 you the highest possible signal -to -noise ratio, 00:04:36.259 --> 00:04:39.079 even in really tough conditions. And that's critical 00:04:39.079 --> 00:04:42.060 in, say, scientific instruments or... medical 00:04:42.060 --> 00:04:45.279 imaging. Think about it. In scientific instrumentation, 00:04:45.339 --> 00:04:47.879 your measurement has to be accurate to parts 00:04:47.879 --> 00:04:51.220 per million. In an MRI machine, the resolution 00:04:51.220 --> 00:04:53.860 of that signal is what determines the diagnosis. 00:04:54.279 --> 00:04:58.240 A cheap, noisy converter in that situation isn't 00:04:58.240 --> 00:05:00.980 just useless, it's dangerous. Let's use that 00:05:00.980 --> 00:05:03.879 idea of precision to talk about a specific almost 00:05:03.879 --> 00:05:06.980 sci -fi application, the IceCube project. Ah, 00:05:07.000 --> 00:05:08.819 yes. We're talking about using ADI components 00:05:08.819 --> 00:05:11.579 to literally measure the universe. This is one 00:05:11.579 --> 00:05:13.620 of the best examples of their engineering at 00:05:13.620 --> 00:05:15.779 the absolute limit. So IceCube is a neutrino 00:05:15.779 --> 00:05:18.139 telescope. A neutrino telescope. And it's located 00:05:18.139 --> 00:05:20.980 at the South Pole. It uses thousands of sensors 00:05:20.980 --> 00:05:24.259 buried deep in the Antarctic ice to detect these 00:05:24.259 --> 00:05:28.079 elusive subatomic particles called neutrinos. 00:05:28.120 --> 00:05:30.639 Wait, wait. Buried deep in the Antarctic ice, 00:05:30.779 --> 00:05:33.360 that sounds like the most difficult place imaginable 00:05:33.360 --> 00:05:35.899 to take a sensitive measurement. Can we just 00:05:35.899 --> 00:05:38.379 pause on that? What does it take to get a clean 00:05:38.379 --> 00:05:41.720 signal at, what, minus 50 degrees Celsius? That's 00:05:41.720 --> 00:05:43.860 the whole problem, isn't it? Neutrinos almost 00:05:43.860 --> 00:05:46.959 never interact with matter. They're incredibly 00:05:46.959 --> 00:05:50.120 hard to see. But when one does hit the ice, it 00:05:50.120 --> 00:05:52.980 creates this tiny, tiny flash of light. Cherenkov 00:05:52.980 --> 00:05:55.639 radiation. Cherenkov radiation, exactly. And 00:05:55.639 --> 00:05:58.480 these digital optical modules, or DOMs, have 00:05:58.480 --> 00:06:00.980 to capture that flash. And inside those DOMs? 00:06:01.100 --> 00:06:03.899 You find ADI's data converters and amplifiers. 00:06:04.259 --> 00:06:06.779 The engineering challenge is, well, it's twofold. 00:06:06.899 --> 00:06:09.019 First, the parts have to just survive. They have 00:06:09.019 --> 00:06:10.980 to work reliably for years in a place where you 00:06:10.980 --> 00:06:13.319 can't just go fix them. Right. And second... 00:06:13.579 --> 00:06:16.160 That light signal is so minuscule. You need incredibly 00:06:16.160 --> 00:06:18.839 low noise amplifiers and super high resolution, 00:06:18.980 --> 00:06:21.579 high speed ADCs just to tell the difference between 00:06:21.579 --> 00:06:24.680 a real neutrino event and, you know, random background 00:06:24.680 --> 00:06:27.379 static. So ADI is basically providing the high 00:06:27.379 --> 00:06:29.720 definition camera and microphone for one of the 00:06:29.720 --> 00:06:32.379 most sensitive physics experiments on the planet. 00:06:32.540 --> 00:06:34.339 That's a perfect way to put it. The success of 00:06:34.339 --> 00:06:37.139 the whole project hangs on their ability to accurately 00:06:37.139 --> 00:06:40.550 digitize those faint. brief flashes of light. 00:06:40.829 --> 00:06:42.829 It just shows that they're not just making parts 00:06:42.829 --> 00:06:44.750 for your TV. They're building the foundation 00:06:44.750 --> 00:06:47.350 for systems that operate at the very edge of 00:06:47.350 --> 00:06:49.509 human knowledge. And understanding that level 00:06:49.509 --> 00:06:52.250 of technical necessity really helps you appreciate 00:06:52.250 --> 00:06:54.790 the company's 60 -year journey. It really does. 00:06:55.029 --> 00:06:57.310 Analog devices didn't start out trying to measure 00:06:57.310 --> 00:07:00.769 the universe. They started in 1965 in Cambridge, 00:07:00.850 --> 00:07:03.670 Massachusetts. With two MIT graduates, Ray Stedea 00:07:03.670 --> 00:07:06.709 and Matthew Lorber. And their first product was... 00:07:07.040 --> 00:07:09.319 Well, it was the definition of foundational analog 00:07:09.319 --> 00:07:12.459 engineering. The Model 101 operational amplifier. 00:07:12.959 --> 00:07:15.939 An op amp. An essential building block for electronics. 00:07:16.199 --> 00:07:19.800 But by today's standards, it was huge. The sources 00:07:19.800 --> 00:07:21.920 describe it as a hockey puck sized module. A 00:07:21.920 --> 00:07:24.379 hockey puck? Yeah. And it was used in very specialized 00:07:24.379 --> 00:07:26.860 test and measurement equipment. So right from 00:07:26.860 --> 00:07:29.899 the start, their niche was high performance. 00:07:30.569 --> 00:07:33.550 Precision components for really demanding customers. 00:07:33.810 --> 00:07:36.529 And they move fast. They had their IPO in 1969, 00:07:36.949 --> 00:07:39.730 just four years after they started. A decade 00:07:39.730 --> 00:07:42.649 after that, 1979, they were on the New York Stock 00:07:42.649 --> 00:07:45.250 Exchange. Then the 70s were all about establishing 00:07:45.250 --> 00:07:47.769 their technological leadership. A really crucial 00:07:47.769 --> 00:07:51.310 period. In 1973, they hit two huge milestones. 00:07:51.769 --> 00:07:54.689 They were the first to launch laser trim wafers. 00:07:55.129 --> 00:07:57.209 Which let them fine tune the precision of their 00:07:57.209 --> 00:07:59.829 chips after they were made. A huge deal for consistency. 00:08:00.089 --> 00:08:02.649 And even more importantly, they introduced the 00:08:02.649 --> 00:08:06.129 first CMOS digital to analog converter. CMOS 00:08:06.129 --> 00:08:08.449 technology. Combining that efficiency of CMS 00:08:08.449 --> 00:08:11.629 with high precision conversion was really a massive 00:08:11.629 --> 00:08:13.850 step toward making these kinds of circuits smaller 00:08:13.850 --> 00:08:16.149 and cheaper to produce. And that innovation let 00:08:16.149 --> 00:08:18.490 them scale up. They grew steadily and then hit 00:08:18.490 --> 00:08:21.329 a big milestone in 1996. Surpassed a billion 00:08:21.329 --> 00:08:23.689 dollars in annual revenue. And then the new millennium 00:08:23.689 --> 00:08:25.740 hit and it seems... like they just hit the accelerator. 00:08:26.100 --> 00:08:29.040 It was a dramatic push. In the year 2000 alone, 00:08:29.300 --> 00:08:32.879 sales jumped by over 75 % to, what was it, $2 00:08:32.879 --> 00:08:35.919 .578 billion. And they were buying companies 00:08:35.919 --> 00:08:38.480 less than right. Five separate acquisitions just 00:08:38.480 --> 00:08:40.940 in that one year. They were clearly building 00:08:40.940 --> 00:08:43.759 this huge arsenal of intellectual property and 00:08:43.759 --> 00:08:46.340 manufacturing capability. But this is where the 00:08:46.340 --> 00:08:48.779 story gets really interesting. Right. Because 00:08:48.779 --> 00:08:52.179 that growth, as impressive as it was, is nothing 00:08:52.179 --> 00:08:54.240 compared to the moves they made in the last decade. 00:08:54.720 --> 00:08:57.519 Their acquisition strategy just completely changed 00:08:57.519 --> 00:08:59.379 the game. It wasn't just about growth. It was 00:08:59.379 --> 00:09:02.110 about consolidation. It was about achieving total 00:09:02.110 --> 00:09:05.409 dominance over the high performance analog signal 00:09:05.409 --> 00:09:08.870 chain. And the first huge move was in 2016, the 00:09:08.870 --> 00:09:11.549 acquisition of linear technology. Linear tech. 00:09:11.710 --> 00:09:14.289 Linear tech was, I mean, they were the gold standard 00:09:14.289 --> 00:09:16.690 for high reliability industrial grade stuff. 00:09:16.830 --> 00:09:20.090 So why spend nearly $15 billion on them? It was 00:09:20.090 --> 00:09:22.350 about synergy. It was about closing a really 00:09:22.350 --> 00:09:26.090 critical product gap. ADI was the king of high 00:09:26.090 --> 00:09:28.450 speed data conversion. Right. But linear tech 00:09:28.450 --> 00:09:31.500 brought this unmatched. strength in high -performance 00:09:31.500 --> 00:09:34.419 power management. Circuits designed to work in 00:09:34.419 --> 00:09:36.539 brutally hot noisy environments without ever 00:09:36.539 --> 00:09:38.580 failing. So you could go to ADI for the whole 00:09:38.580 --> 00:09:41.659 solution. The entire signal chain from the sensor 00:09:41.659 --> 00:09:44.440 to the signal conditioning the conversion and 00:09:44.440 --> 00:09:46.600 now all the way to the power supplies that run 00:09:46.600 --> 00:09:49.179 the chips. It was a brilliant move. Okay so that 00:09:49.179 --> 00:09:51.610 filled a gap. But the next one, four years later 00:09:51.610 --> 00:09:54.929 in 2020, Maxim integrated. That was just massive. 00:09:55.169 --> 00:09:57.750 An all stock deal that valued the combined company 00:09:57.750 --> 00:10:02.450 at $68 billion. $68 billion. Yeah. And this one 00:10:02.450 --> 00:10:05.090 had a slightly different logic. Linear tech was 00:10:05.090 --> 00:10:09.070 synergy. Maxim was about eliminating a top competitor 00:10:09.070 --> 00:10:12.090 and getting deep expertise in fast growing markets. 00:10:12.289 --> 00:10:14.889 Like automotive and data centers. Exactly. Maxim 00:10:14.889 --> 00:10:17.830 was a titan. They held a huge amount of IP that 00:10:17.830 --> 00:10:20.490 either overlapped with or complemented what ADI 00:10:20.490 --> 00:10:22.620 already had. So that's a fair question then. 00:10:22.720 --> 00:10:25.419 Did they just buy their market share? Did that 00:10:25.419 --> 00:10:28.840 $68 billion merger actually create new innovation? 00:10:29.000 --> 00:10:31.620 Or was it just about acquiring IP and controlling 00:10:31.620 --> 00:10:34.120 prices? It's a very critical question. And, you 00:10:34.120 --> 00:10:36.360 know, the immediate result was absolutely market 00:10:36.360 --> 00:10:39.200 share dominance, no question. But the real long 00:10:39.200 --> 00:10:41.320 -term value comes from cross -pollinating the 00:10:41.320 --> 00:10:44.259 engineering teams. Oh, so? Maxim brought incredibly 00:10:44.259 --> 00:10:47.220 optimized battery management systems for EVs 00:10:47.220 --> 00:10:51.370 and power expertise for data centers. When you 00:10:51.370 --> 00:10:54.210 integrate that knowledge with ADI's core data 00:10:54.210 --> 00:10:56.970 conversion tech, you can create these incredibly 00:10:56.970 --> 00:11:00.629 complex systems on a chip that neither company 00:11:00.629 --> 00:11:02.789 could have made on its own. So it moves them 00:11:02.789 --> 00:11:05.549 up the value chain from component supplier to 00:11:05.549 --> 00:11:07.970 system partner. That's the idea. And it's so 00:11:07.970 --> 00:11:09.990 important to remember, even before these huge 00:11:09.990 --> 00:11:13.129 deals, ADI was already the leader. Right. The 00:11:13.129 --> 00:11:15.750 source material points out that back in 2012. 00:11:16.360 --> 00:11:18.899 long before any of this. They already had 48 00:11:18.899 --> 00:11:22.240 .5 % of the entire worldwide data converter market. 00:11:22.480 --> 00:11:24.440 These acquisitions weren't about catching up. 00:11:24.500 --> 00:11:26.639 They were about creating an untouchable leader 00:11:26.639 --> 00:11:28.799 in high performance analog. And while all this 00:11:28.799 --> 00:11:30.519 consolidation was happening in the West, they 00:11:30.519 --> 00:11:32.899 were also looking East. That's right. The September 00:11:32.899 --> 00:11:35.740 2024 partnership announcement with Atata Group 00:11:35.740 --> 00:11:38.539 in India. A very shrewd move. It reflects the 00:11:38.539 --> 00:11:40.679 geopolitical reality, doesn't it? Yeah. It signals 00:11:40.679 --> 00:11:42.539 they're serious about exploring the semiconductor 00:11:42.539 --> 00:11:45.259 ecosystem in India. It's about diversifying the 00:11:45.259 --> 00:11:47.820 supply chain. Absolutely. Everyone is trying 00:11:47.820 --> 00:11:50.139 to reduce their concentration in Southeast Asia. 00:11:50.779 --> 00:11:53.259 Partnering with a huge, reliable player like 00:11:53.259 --> 00:11:56.139 Tata is a critical, proactive step to secure 00:11:56.139 --> 00:11:58.600 future manufacturing and talent. So it's a three 00:11:58.600 --> 00:12:00.940 -pronged strategy, really. Dominate the core 00:12:00.940 --> 00:12:03.940 tech, consolidate the competition, and diversify 00:12:03.940 --> 00:12:06.220 the geographical risk. Which brings us to the 00:12:06.220 --> 00:12:09.000 actual product powerhouse. We know ADCs and DACs 00:12:09.000 --> 00:12:12.639 are the core, but their portfolio is, well, it's 00:12:12.639 --> 00:12:15.539 vast. It covers that entire signal chain. If 00:12:15.539 --> 00:12:18.019 an electrical signal exists, it seems like ADI 00:12:18.019 --> 00:12:20.600 has a chip designed to manipulate it. Modern 00:12:20.600 --> 00:12:22.500 systems are just too complex. You need more than 00:12:22.500 --> 00:12:25.220 just conversion. You need conditioning, amplification, 00:12:25.500 --> 00:12:29.000 processing. And clean power. Let's start with 00:12:29.000 --> 00:12:31.000 the most basic, but maybe the most critical part 00:12:31.000 --> 00:12:33.340 besides the converter itself, the amplifier. 00:12:33.720 --> 00:12:36.240 People often overlook the sophistication of amplifiers. 00:12:36.620 --> 00:12:39.159 ADI makes everything from, you know, basic precision 00:12:39.159 --> 00:12:41.860 amps to these highly specialized operational 00:12:41.860 --> 00:12:44.919 amplifiers app with extremely low noise. But 00:12:44.919 --> 00:12:46.840 the really critical ones are the instrumentation 00:12:46.840 --> 00:12:50.460 amplifiers. Yes. They're designed for incredibly 00:12:50.460 --> 00:12:53.100 high accuracy measurements, like in a medical 00:12:53.100 --> 00:12:55.720 device or a factory, where they have to reject 00:12:55.720 --> 00:12:58.470 what's called common mode noise. So that's the 00:12:58.470 --> 00:13:00.610 interference that gets picked up on both signal 00:13:00.610 --> 00:13:03.610 lines at the same time. Exactly. And the instrumentation 00:13:03.610 --> 00:13:05.950 amp is designed to ignore that noise and only 00:13:05.950 --> 00:13:08.789 amplify the tiny little difference in the signal 00:13:08.789 --> 00:13:10.769 that you actually want to mirror. It's what protects 00:13:10.769 --> 00:13:12.870 your signal from the chaos around it. And then 00:13:12.870 --> 00:13:15.250 you have current sense amplifiers. Critical for 00:13:15.250 --> 00:13:17.929 monitoring power in EVs or industrial motors. 00:13:18.529 --> 00:13:21.409 And specialty amps for high -speed video and 00:13:21.409 --> 00:13:23.529 audio. The list goes on. Okay, so moving from 00:13:23.529 --> 00:13:26.779 the wire into the airwaves. Radio Frequency Integrated 00:13:26.779 --> 00:13:29.799 Circuits, RFICs. The RF signal chain is a whole 00:13:29.799 --> 00:13:31.700 different ballgame. You're dealing with high 00:13:31.700 --> 00:13:33.799 frequencies, which are just really susceptible 00:13:33.799 --> 00:13:37.159 to noise and loss. So ADI's goal is to simplify 00:13:37.159 --> 00:13:39.600 that for their customers. Right. They have components 00:13:39.600 --> 00:13:42.200 like their TREPROV or RMS power detectors. Which 00:13:42.200 --> 00:13:44.779 do what, exactly? They accurately measure the 00:13:44.779 --> 00:13:48.340 power output of a transmitter in, say, a 5G base 00:13:48.340 --> 00:13:50.700 station. If you can't measure your power correctly, 00:13:50.919 --> 00:13:53.360 you can't run your system efficiently. And you 00:13:53.360 --> 00:13:55.200 need to generate those frequencies in the first 00:13:55.200 --> 00:13:57.620 place. Which is where their phase -locked loops, 00:13:57.799 --> 00:14:01.039 or PLLs, and direct digital synthesizers, or 00:14:01.039 --> 00:14:04.200 DDSs, come in. These are the chips that create 00:14:04.200 --> 00:14:07.639 the super stable, accurate frequencies you need 00:14:07.639 --> 00:14:10.360 for wireless communication and radar. And now 00:14:10.360 --> 00:14:12.419 we get to the point where the digitized data 00:14:12.419 --> 00:14:14.700 needs to be processed before it gets sent off 00:14:14.700 --> 00:14:17.159 to the main brain of the system. The world of 00:14:17.159 --> 00:14:21.070 digital signal processing. DSPs. And ADI is a 00:14:21.070 --> 00:14:23.950 leader here. A foundational leader. These are 00:14:23.950 --> 00:14:26.509 programmable chips that run specialized algorithms, 00:14:26.809 --> 00:14:29.929 filtering, analyzing, compressing data in real 00:14:29.929 --> 00:14:32.110 time. They have several different families. Let's 00:14:32.110 --> 00:14:34.149 talk about those. For example, the Blackfin family. 00:14:34.549 --> 00:14:36.850 What's the use case there? Blackfin is all about 00:14:36.850 --> 00:14:39.250 low power consumption mixed with flexible control. 00:14:39.450 --> 00:14:42.509 So you see it in portable devices, cars, high 00:14:42.509 --> 00:14:45.210 -end audio gear, anywhere where power efficiency 00:14:45.210 --> 00:14:47.370 is really key. And what about the Shark family? 00:14:47.549 --> 00:14:50.710 The name sounds powerful. Shark is the raw computational 00:14:50.710 --> 00:14:53.629 muscle. It stands for Super Harvard Architecture, 00:14:53.950 --> 00:14:56.549 and it's designed for massive floating point 00:14:56.549 --> 00:14:59.490 processing. So big number crunching. Huge number 00:14:59.490 --> 00:15:03.299 crunching. Think high -end audio mixing, radar 00:15:03.299 --> 00:15:06.399 and sonar processing, complex scientific instruments. 00:15:06.740 --> 00:15:10.120 It's all about offloading that heavy, real -time 00:15:10.120 --> 00:15:12.659 data crunching from the main system processor. 00:15:12.940 --> 00:15:15.379 And rounding it all out, you have interface and 00:15:15.379 --> 00:15:18.120 power management chips. The essential glue. Interface 00:15:18.120 --> 00:15:20.759 products, like for the CAN bus and cars, ensure 00:15:20.759 --> 00:15:23.919 robust communication. And their digital isolators 00:15:23.919 --> 00:15:26.139 are absolutely critical for safety in medical 00:15:26.139 --> 00:15:28.669 and industrial gear. They prevent dangerous high 00:15:28.669 --> 00:15:31.269 voltages from crossing between subsystems. Exactly. 00:15:31.370 --> 00:15:33.029 And their power management chips just provide 00:15:33.029 --> 00:15:36.230 the clean, stable power that their own precision 00:15:36.230 --> 00:15:38.929 analog parts need to function properly. It's 00:15:38.929 --> 00:15:40.789 a very holistic approach. And we should briefly 00:15:40.789 --> 00:15:43.549 mention their history with MEMS technology. Yes, 00:15:43.730 --> 00:15:46.009 microelectromechanical systems. They were a pioneer. 00:15:46.210 --> 00:15:48.870 Even though they sold their MEMS microphone business 00:15:48.870 --> 00:15:51.789 to InvenSense back in 2013, their impact was 00:15:51.789 --> 00:15:53.649 huge. Those mics were in the early smartphones 00:15:53.649 --> 00:15:56.690 and tablets. Absolutely. And their MEMS accelerometer. 00:15:56.750 --> 00:15:59.370 were what made motion control possible in early 00:15:59.370 --> 00:16:01.549 game controllers from Microsoft and Logitech. 00:16:01.649 --> 00:16:03.809 That brings us to the people who made all this 00:16:03.809 --> 00:16:07.210 possible, the engineering deep bench. We have 00:16:07.210 --> 00:16:09.950 to talk about the fellows. This is the core of 00:16:09.950 --> 00:16:12.169 their credibility right here. Let's start with 00:16:12.169 --> 00:16:14.470 Barry Gilbert. He was named the company's first 00:16:14.470 --> 00:16:18.309 technology fellow back in 1979. And he's famous 00:16:18.309 --> 00:16:20.769 for the Gilbert cell. For our audience, can you 00:16:20.769 --> 00:16:22.769 explain why that one circuit is so important 00:16:22.769 --> 00:16:26.389 even today? The Gilbert cell is... To put it 00:16:26.389 --> 00:16:29.809 simply, an electronic multiplying mixer. It takes 00:16:29.809 --> 00:16:32.789 two signals and outputs a signal that's proportional 00:16:32.789 --> 00:16:36.110 to their product. Why is that useful? In wireless 00:16:36.110 --> 00:16:38.389 communications, it's the key to frequency shifting. 00:16:38.669 --> 00:16:41.549 When your phone gets a high frequency radio signal, 00:16:41.690 --> 00:16:43.870 you have to mix it with another frequency to 00:16:43.870 --> 00:16:46.049 bring it down to a lower frequency the ADCs can 00:16:46.049 --> 00:16:48.190 handle. And the Gilbert cell does that mixing 00:16:48.190 --> 00:16:50.590 cleanly. With incredible linearity and minimal 00:16:50.590 --> 00:16:53.429 distortion. It's a revolutionary design, and 00:16:53.429 --> 00:16:56.029 it's foundational to basically every modern radio 00:16:56.029 --> 00:16:58.169 receiver and transmitter. An absolute legend. 00:16:58.450 --> 00:17:01.110 Then there's Paul Brokaw. Brokaw, another analog 00:17:01.110 --> 00:17:03.330 fellow, is the inventor of the Brokaw band gap 00:17:03.330 --> 00:17:06.329 reference. He holds over 100 patents, but this 00:17:06.329 --> 00:17:08.609 is his masterpiece. We talked about how temperature 00:17:08.609 --> 00:17:11.589 is the enemy of precision. How does the bandgap 00:17:11.589 --> 00:17:14.549 reference solve that problem? Okay, so a precision 00:17:14.549 --> 00:17:18.009 measurement needs a perfect, unchanging reference 00:17:18.009 --> 00:17:21.990 voltage, a stable ruler. Right. But all semiconductor 00:17:21.990 --> 00:17:25.829 devices drift with temperature. Your ruler shrinks 00:17:25.829 --> 00:17:29.089 and expands as it heats up and cools down. The 00:17:29.089 --> 00:17:31.970 Brokaw bandgap reference is a circuit that generates 00:17:31.970 --> 00:17:35.089 a voltage that is incredibly stable across a 00:17:35.089 --> 00:17:36.990 wide temperature range. And it does this by sort 00:17:36.990 --> 00:17:39.710 of balancing two opposing forces. That's the 00:17:39.710 --> 00:17:42.230 genius of it. It combines two voltage elements, 00:17:42.490 --> 00:17:44.470 one that naturally increases with temperature 00:17:44.470 --> 00:17:47.190 and another that naturally decreases. By summing 00:17:47.190 --> 00:17:49.609 them in a very clever way, he created an output 00:17:49.609 --> 00:17:52.049 voltage where the temperature variations cancel 00:17:52.049 --> 00:17:54.839 each other out. Creating that rock solid ruler. 00:17:55.039 --> 00:17:57.039 The rock solid ruler that every high resolution 00:17:57.039 --> 00:17:59.900 ADC needs to function. It's a critical foundation 00:17:59.900 --> 00:18:02.799 for stability in millions and millions of ICs. 00:18:02.920 --> 00:18:05.759 And finally, Robert Adams, who brought that same 00:18:05.759 --> 00:18:08.509 level of precision to the world of audio. Robert 00:18:08.509 --> 00:18:10.690 Adams is a technical fellow who manages their 00:18:10.690 --> 00:18:12.190 audio development. He's a fellow in the Audio 00:18:12.190 --> 00:18:14.150 Engineering Society, so he's highly respected. 00:18:14.430 --> 00:18:16.809 His focus was on applying these high -precision 00:18:16.809 --> 00:18:19.650 techniques to complex audio problems. Right, 00:18:19.690 --> 00:18:22.309 from digital audio processing to noise cancellation. 00:18:22.490 --> 00:18:25.390 It just shows that for ADI, it doesn't matter 00:18:25.390 --> 00:18:27.849 if the signal is a weak neutrino from across 00:18:27.849 --> 00:18:31.319 the galaxy or a complex musical waveform. They 00:18:31.319 --> 00:18:33.539 apply the same level of engineering rigor to 00:18:33.539 --> 00:18:35.740 everything. We have the technology. We have the 00:18:35.740 --> 00:18:38.019 strategy. Now let's talk about the impact. What's 00:18:38.019 --> 00:18:40.779 so fascinating here is how ADI technology is 00:18:40.779 --> 00:18:44.079 the bedrock for systems that are profoundly changing 00:18:44.079 --> 00:18:46.359 our lives. From remote health care to self -driving 00:18:46.359 --> 00:18:48.960 cars. Let's dive into those four major markets, 00:18:49.140 --> 00:18:51.799 starting with health care. This is a field where 00:18:51.799 --> 00:18:53.859 the consequences of an error are the highest, 00:18:54.079 --> 00:18:56.799 right? So it's a natural fit for ADI's precision 00:18:56.799 --> 00:18:59.579 components. They sell into everything from MRI 00:18:59.579 --> 00:19:02.700 and CT scanners to patient monitoring. But the 00:19:02.700 --> 00:19:04.579 really exciting stuff is happening in remote 00:19:04.579 --> 00:19:06.859 and home health care. Moving diagnostics out 00:19:06.859 --> 00:19:10.000 of the hospital. Exactly. And that trend is perfectly 00:19:10.000 --> 00:19:12.079 captured by this thing called the Sentinel system. 00:19:12.400 --> 00:19:15.579 Yes, this is a huge deal. In March 2024, ADI 00:19:15.579 --> 00:19:19.079 got... U .S. FDA 510K clearance for Sentinel. 00:19:19.259 --> 00:19:22.160 So what is it? It's a compact, wearable, non 00:19:22.160 --> 00:19:25.240 -invasive system for remotely managing cardiopulmonary 00:19:25.240 --> 00:19:29.000 conditions. It's designed specifically for chronic 00:19:29.000 --> 00:19:31.980 diseases like congestive heart failure. A wearable 00:19:31.980 --> 00:19:34.640 that monitors heart failure with FDA clearance? 00:19:34.920 --> 00:19:37.880 That's a massive leap. And it's totally dependent 00:19:37.880 --> 00:19:40.880 on ADI's ability to shrink down high -precision 00:19:40.880 --> 00:19:44.240 analog sensing. It connects their core competency 00:19:44.240 --> 00:19:47.099 -accurate data conversion directly to the patient 00:19:47.099 --> 00:19:50.660 24 -7. This gives doctors continuous data, which 00:19:50.660 --> 00:19:52.940 is so much more valuable than a snapshot from 00:19:52.940 --> 00:19:55.400 a clinic visit. It could help prevent acute episodes 00:19:55.400 --> 00:19:57.940 before they happen. That's the goal. And their 00:19:57.940 --> 00:20:00.140 components are inside other life -saving gear 00:20:00.140 --> 00:20:03.220 too. Like the Carmel Sonics Holter. An overnight 00:20:03.220 --> 00:20:05.640 pulmonary monitor. It uses their precision signal 00:20:05.640 --> 00:20:07.880 processing, probably running on a Blackfin DSP, 00:20:08.099 --> 00:20:10.640 to analyze subtle breathing patterns while you 00:20:10.640 --> 00:20:13.740 sleep. That diagnostic accuracy comes directly 00:20:13.740 --> 00:20:16.220 from the high -fidelity signal capture ADI enables. 00:20:16.460 --> 00:20:17.980 And then there's emergency intervention like 00:20:17.980 --> 00:20:21.059 with Zoll Medical's Pocket CPR. A powerful use 00:20:21.059 --> 00:20:24.000 for a tiny MEMS accelerometer. The Pocket CPR 00:20:24.000 --> 00:20:25.940 actually measures the depth and rate of chest 00:20:25.940 --> 00:20:28.700 compressions during CPR. So it gives real -time 00:20:28.700 --> 00:20:31.220 feedback to the rescuer. Exactly. It tells you 00:20:31.220 --> 00:20:33.160 if you're pushing hard enough and fast enough, 00:20:33.319 --> 00:20:36.220 it dramatically increases the effectiveness of 00:20:36.220 --> 00:20:39.220 CPR. It's a simple tool that saves lives, all 00:20:39.220 --> 00:20:42.519 thanks to a tiny, precise sensor. Okay, let's 00:20:42.519 --> 00:20:44.660 shift gears to the road, the automotive market. 00:20:44.740 --> 00:20:47.279 This is maybe the toughest environment for electronics. 00:20:47.640 --> 00:20:49.619 Absolutely. The temperatures, the vibrations, 00:20:49.880 --> 00:20:54.420 the safety requirements. Yeah. It's brutal. ADI 00:20:54.420 --> 00:20:57.279 is deeply embedded in the architecture of modern 00:20:57.279 --> 00:20:59.880 cars. In safety systems like stability control 00:20:59.880 --> 00:21:02.720 and driver assistance. All those ADS systems 00:21:02.720 --> 00:21:05.599 rely on a constant stream of high -speed data 00:21:05.599 --> 00:21:08.400 from radar, LIDAR, cameras, all of which need 00:21:08.400 --> 00:21:11.200 ADI's fast, low -latency data converters. And 00:21:11.200 --> 00:21:13.079 now with the move to electric vehicles, they've 00:21:13.079 --> 00:21:15.720 found a whole new critical job. In an EV, the 00:21:15.720 --> 00:21:17.890 battery pack is everything. It's the most valuable 00:21:17.890 --> 00:21:19.750 and most dangerous component. And you have to 00:21:19.750 --> 00:21:22.490 manage it perfectly. You need to constantly monitor 00:21:22.490 --> 00:21:25.210 the voltage and temperature of hundreds of individual 00:21:25.210 --> 00:21:29.710 cells with incredible accuracy. ADI's high -proficient 00:21:29.710 --> 00:21:32.470 data converters are essential for that. An error 00:21:32.470 --> 00:21:34.589 of just a few millivolts can degrade the battery 00:21:34.589 --> 00:21:37.490 life or, you know, cause a fire. So their parts 00:21:37.490 --> 00:21:39.549 are key to the safety and efficiency of the entire 00:21:39.549 --> 00:21:42.509 EV powertrain. Absolutely. And they're not just 00:21:42.509 --> 00:21:44.650 selling chips for today's cars. They're trying 00:21:44.650 --> 00:21:46.470 to shape the future of the connected vehicle. 00:21:46.920 --> 00:21:49.119 Which brings us to the OpenGMSL Association. 00:21:49.660 --> 00:21:53.240 Right. This was announced in June of 2025. GMSL 00:21:53.240 --> 00:21:56.140 stands for Gigahertz Multimedia Serial Link. 00:21:56.339 --> 00:21:59.140 So it's about moving huge amounts of data around 00:21:59.140 --> 00:22:02.759 the car. Torrents of data. As cars become more 00:22:02.759 --> 00:22:05.039 autonomous, they're generating gigabits per second 00:22:05.039 --> 00:22:07.700 of video and sensor data that has to be moved 00:22:07.700 --> 00:22:10.200 reliably and securely. And that needs a standard. 00:22:10.480 --> 00:22:12.700 That's the thing. For true autonomy, all the 00:22:12.700 --> 00:22:14.900 cameras, displays, and sensors have to talk to 00:22:14.900 --> 00:22:17.920 each other flawlessly. The Open GMSL Association, 00:22:18.339 --> 00:22:21.019 which ADI is leading, aims to create a worldwide 00:22:21.019 --> 00:22:23.660 open standard for this. They want to sell the 00:22:23.660 --> 00:22:25.920 components and set the rules for how data moves 00:22:25.920 --> 00:22:28.279 in the car in the future. Okay, market number 00:22:28.279 --> 00:22:32.700 three, industrial. Less glamorous, maybe, but 00:22:32.700 --> 00:22:35.759 a huge, stable business. The industrial sector 00:22:35.759 --> 00:22:38.680 is all about process control. Refining oil, making 00:22:38.680 --> 00:22:41.480 chemicals, running robotic assembly lines. And 00:22:41.480 --> 00:22:43.799 that requires precision. It requires closed -loop 00:22:43.799 --> 00:22:47.220 feedback. ADI's multi -channel DACs are used 00:22:47.220 --> 00:22:50.539 to precisely control valves, motors, and actuators. 00:22:50.799 --> 00:22:53.119 Their parts help factories run more efficiently 00:22:53.119 --> 00:22:55.559 and reliably, which saves enormous amounts of 00:22:55.559 --> 00:22:57.759 energy and money. And finally, the consumer market. 00:22:57.859 --> 00:23:00.220 This is where their tech becomes invisible. Right. 00:23:00.279 --> 00:23:02.440 If you have a device that captures or reproduces 00:23:02.440 --> 00:23:04.819 high -quality sight or sound, ADI is probably 00:23:04.819 --> 00:23:06.759 in there somewhere. Digital cameras. Managing 00:23:06.759 --> 00:23:09.480 autofocus and image stabilization. Home theater 00:23:09.480 --> 00:23:12.220 systems, professional audio gear, high -def TVs, 00:23:12.519 --> 00:23:15.440 advanced touchscreen controllers. Their job is 00:23:15.440 --> 00:23:17.099 to ensure that the interaction between you and 00:23:17.099 --> 00:23:19.819 your digital content is as high fidelity as possible. 00:23:19.960 --> 00:23:21.819 To support that level of market penetration, 00:23:22.099 --> 00:23:24.299 you need a massive global footprint. So this 00:23:24.299 --> 00:23:26.880 raises the question, beyond Wilmington, Massachusetts, 00:23:27.279 --> 00:23:29.619 where is this all actually happening? It's a 00:23:29.619 --> 00:23:32.639 truly global company. They have to be. While 00:23:32.639 --> 00:23:35.160 Wilmington is the corporate HQ, they have major 00:23:35.160 --> 00:23:37.680 regional headquarters in Shanghai, Munich, Limerick 00:23:37.680 --> 00:23:39.640 in Ireland. Reflecting the CEO's background. 00:23:39.920 --> 00:23:42.720 Right. And Tokyo. They're on the ground in all 00:23:42.720 --> 00:23:44.779 the major tech hubs. And the manufacturing and 00:23:44.779 --> 00:23:47.819 design is even more spread out. Of course. The 00:23:47.819 --> 00:23:50.559 fabs, where they actually make the silicon chips, 00:23:50.640 --> 00:23:53.359 are in the U .S. and Ireland. But the later stages, 00:23:53.380 --> 00:23:55.480 packaging and testing, that's mostly in Asia. 00:23:55.599 --> 00:23:58.579 The Philippines, Thailand, and Malaysia. But 00:23:58.579 --> 00:24:01.200 the real indicator of their global brainpower 00:24:01.200 --> 00:24:04.240 is the list of design centers. This is where 00:24:04.240 --> 00:24:06.319 the innovation happens. Absolutely. You have 00:24:06.319 --> 00:24:08.799 to go where the talent is. The sources list design 00:24:08.799 --> 00:24:11.500 centers in Australia, Canada, China, Egypt, England, 00:24:11.680 --> 00:24:14.200 Germany, India, Italy, Japan. The list just keeps 00:24:14.200 --> 00:24:17.440 going. Scotland, Spain, Taiwan, Turkey, and all 00:24:17.440 --> 00:24:20.339 across the U .S. This geographical spread is 00:24:20.339 --> 00:24:22.650 essential for staying on top. technologically. 00:24:22.789 --> 00:24:24.750 Let's talk about the leadership that has steered 00:24:24.750 --> 00:24:26.730 this global ship, starting with the co -founder 00:24:26.730 --> 00:24:29.789 Ray Stata. Stata provided that foundational stability. 00:24:30.049 --> 00:24:33.789 He was CEO from 73 to 96 and stayed on as chairman 00:24:33.789 --> 00:24:37.490 all the way until 2022. Wow. He was the one who 00:24:37.490 --> 00:24:40.490 really established the company's culture of focusing 00:24:40.490 --> 00:24:43.349 on high performance analog and building that 00:24:43.349 --> 00:24:45.980 decentralized R &D structure. He's a huge figure 00:24:45.980 --> 00:24:48.519 in the industry. And after Stata, Gerald Fishman 00:24:48.519 --> 00:24:50.700 took over. Fishman was a longtime veteran. He 00:24:50.700 --> 00:24:53.660 was CEO from 1996 until he passed away in 2013. 00:24:54.099 --> 00:24:56.839 He oversaw that massive growth phase in the early 00:24:56.839 --> 00:24:59.279 2000s when they first broke the billion dollar 00:24:59.279 --> 00:25:01.519 mark and went on that acquisition spree. And 00:25:01.519 --> 00:25:03.559 that brings us to the current leader, Vincent 00:25:03.559 --> 00:25:07.359 Roche. Roche took over as CEO in 2013 and became 00:25:07.359 --> 00:25:10.660 chairman in 2022. He's a great example of their 00:25:10.660 --> 00:25:12.680 internal growth. He started as a marketing director 00:25:12.680 --> 00:25:15.259 in their Limerick office back in 88. And his 00:25:15.259 --> 00:25:18.140 tenure is defined by those two monster acquisitions. 00:25:18.380 --> 00:25:21.680 Linear Tech and Maxim. His leadership in navigating 00:25:21.680 --> 00:25:23.740 those integrations is a big reason why Forbes 00:25:23.740 --> 00:25:26.700 ranked him number four on their 25 smartest CEOs 00:25:26.700 --> 00:25:29.720 in America list in 2025. And the company as a 00:25:29.720 --> 00:25:31.460 whole has been getting a lot of recognition lately 00:25:31.460 --> 00:25:33.519 for its management and culture. It's part of 00:25:33.519 --> 00:25:36.460 the modern corporate mandate, right? In 2024, 00:25:36.799 --> 00:25:38.839 they were named one of the Wall Street Journal's 00:25:38.839 --> 00:25:42.900 best managed companies. And in 2025, Time listed 00:25:42.900 --> 00:25:45.720 them as one of the world's most sustainable companies. 00:25:46.019 --> 00:25:49.259 And Newsweek ranked them 13th among America's 00:25:49.259 --> 00:25:50.980 most responsible companies. So they're being 00:25:50.980 --> 00:25:53.039 measured on more than just revenue. They have 00:25:53.039 --> 00:25:54.799 to be. It's about their environmental, social 00:25:54.799 --> 00:25:57.569 and governance factors now. But we have to be 00:25:57.569 --> 00:26:00.289 impartial here and report on a recent event that 00:26:00.289 --> 00:26:04.009 shows the very high geopolitical stakes involved 00:26:04.009 --> 00:26:07.210 when you make this kind of high precision technology. 00:26:07.589 --> 00:26:09.230 We have to report this fact from the sources. 00:26:09.410 --> 00:26:12.170 It's not a judgment, but it's a critical illustration 00:26:12.170 --> 00:26:15.109 of the challenges these companies face. In 2024, 00:26:15.450 --> 00:26:18.430 ADI fired an engineer, Mahdi Mohamed Sadeghi. 00:26:18.509 --> 00:26:20.630 He was fired following his arrest on federal 00:26:20.630 --> 00:26:23.049 charges of providing material support to a terrorist 00:26:23.049 --> 00:26:25.319 organization. And the core of the accusation 00:26:25.319 --> 00:26:28.059 was about evading U .S. sanctions. The sources 00:26:28.059 --> 00:26:30.660 allege that he facilitated indirect sales of 00:26:30.660 --> 00:26:33.140 ADI technology that was intended for the Iranian 00:26:33.140 --> 00:26:36.480 military. And the charges specifically link that 00:26:36.480 --> 00:26:39.400 technology to its alleged use by the Islamic 00:26:39.400 --> 00:26:43.099 resistance in Iraq in the 2024 drone attack on 00:26:43.099 --> 00:26:46.599 the U .S. military outpost at Tower 22. It's 00:26:46.599 --> 00:26:49.140 a stark reminder of the dual use problem. It's 00:26:49.140 --> 00:26:51.579 the inherent risk. Technology designed for medical 00:26:51.579 --> 00:26:54.200 imaging can be repurposed for military systems. 00:26:54.380 --> 00:26:57.160 It just highlights the immense logistical and 00:26:57.160 --> 00:26:59.779 ethical complexity of managing a global supply 00:26:59.779 --> 00:27:02.359 chain for strategically sensitive components. 00:27:02.640 --> 00:27:04.579 Which makes transparency and knowledge sharing 00:27:04.579 --> 00:27:07.220 even more important. Let's finish up by talking 00:27:07.220 --> 00:27:10.140 about how ADI supports its massive customer base. 00:27:10.619 --> 00:27:12.819 They have a really impressive commitment to educating 00:27:12.819 --> 00:27:14.940 their own customers. Their flagship publication 00:27:14.940 --> 00:27:18.880 is Analog Dialogue. It started in 1967. It's 00:27:18.880 --> 00:27:20.960 the longest -running in -house publication in 00:27:20.960 --> 00:27:23.259 the entire electronics industry. That's an incredible 00:27:23.259 --> 00:27:25.700 investment in education. It is. It's a forum 00:27:25.700 --> 00:27:27.819 for engineers to discuss complex circuits and 00:27:27.819 --> 00:27:30.440 systems. And in the digital world, they launched 00:27:30.440 --> 00:27:32.980 EngineerZone in 2009. That's their online community. 00:27:33.339 --> 00:27:37.359 A huge online technical support community. Over 00:27:37.359 --> 00:27:40.259 100 forums where customers and employees can 00:27:40.259 --> 00:27:43.299 ask and answer tough technical questions. It's 00:27:43.299 --> 00:27:45.859 a massive, self -sustaining knowledge base. And 00:27:45.859 --> 00:27:48.279 for engineers who need a head start on a design... 00:27:48.279 --> 00:27:50.119 They have the circuits from the lab program. 00:27:50.400 --> 00:27:53.279 What's that? It's a repository of pre -engineered, 00:27:53.299 --> 00:27:56.900 pre -tested... Reference circuits for common 00:27:56.900 --> 00:27:58.859 design challenges. They're not just diagrams. 00:27:59.059 --> 00:28:01.779 They're fully documented with test data, schematics, 00:28:01.960 --> 00:28:04.660 everything. So you can just grab a proven subcircuit 00:28:04.660 --> 00:28:07.339 and drop it into your design. Exactly. It accelerates 00:28:07.339 --> 00:28:09.680 development and it reduces risk for their customers. 00:28:09.940 --> 00:28:12.579 So this deep dive has really shown that Analog 00:28:12.579 --> 00:28:15.599 Devices, Inc. is the official translator for 00:28:15.599 --> 00:28:18.799 our digital world. The key takeaway for me is 00:28:18.799 --> 00:28:21.319 just how essential that bridge is. Between the 00:28:21.319 --> 00:28:25.380 analog world light sound pressure. and the digital 00:28:25.380 --> 00:28:27.599 processors that run everything, and how their 00:28:27.599 --> 00:28:29.880 ADCs and DACs are the absolute core of that, 00:28:30.000 --> 00:28:32.140 generating more than half their revenue. And 00:28:32.140 --> 00:28:34.200 their history isn't just about innovation. It's 00:28:34.200 --> 00:28:37.299 about strategic, aggressive consolidation. Those 00:28:37.299 --> 00:28:40.900 monumental acquisitions. Linear technology in 00:28:40.900 --> 00:28:44.220 2016 for power and reliability. Maxim integrated 00:28:44.220 --> 00:28:46.940 in 2020 to cement their dominance in automotive 00:28:46.940 --> 00:28:49.839 and data centers. It created a global leader 00:28:49.839 --> 00:28:53.059 that's just... virtually untouchable in its space. 00:28:53.259 --> 00:28:55.660 And their tech shows up in the most mission -critical 00:28:55.660 --> 00:28:58.700 places, from the IceCube neutrino telescope to 00:28:58.700 --> 00:29:00.839 that wearable Sentinel system for heart failure. 00:29:01.140 --> 00:29:03.140 You know, if we connect this to the bigger picture, 00:29:03.640 --> 00:29:06.420 ADI's journey just proves how these foundational, 00:29:06.660 --> 00:29:09.079 often invisible components, are the things that 00:29:09.079 --> 00:29:11.579 dictate the pace of innovation. everywhere right 00:29:11.579 --> 00:29:14.519 the genius of engineers like gilbert and brokaw 00:29:14.519 --> 00:29:17.259 their circuits provided the stable high fidelity 00:29:17.259 --> 00:29:20.200 building blocks you need to measure reality with 00:29:20.200 --> 00:29:22.099 enough precision to build the next generation 00:29:22.099 --> 00:29:24.180 of smart systems whether it's a self -driving 00:29:24.180 --> 00:29:26.680 car or a professional recording studio exactly 00:29:26.680 --> 00:29:29.119 which you know leads to a final provocative thought 00:29:29.119 --> 00:29:31.700 for you to consider we've seen how adi tech is 00:29:31.700 --> 00:29:33.859 used in a remote heart monitor like sensinal 00:29:34.200 --> 00:29:36.380 And how they're pushing for data standardization 00:29:36.380 --> 00:29:40.339 in cars with OpenGMSL. So consider this. How 00:29:40.339 --> 00:29:43.099 might the rapid convergence of high -precision 00:29:43.099 --> 00:29:45.740 analog sensing, wireless tech, and open data 00:29:45.740 --> 00:29:48.200 standards permanently shift high -level health 00:29:48.200 --> 00:29:50.539 care out of the hospital? Truly decentralize 00:29:50.539 --> 00:29:53.240 it. In the next five years. The ability to trust 00:29:53.240 --> 00:29:55.420 a diagnostic -quality data stream coming from 00:29:55.420 --> 00:29:57.799 a device on your wrist instead of a machine in 00:29:57.799 --> 00:30:00.720 a clinic. That trust is only possible because 00:30:00.720 --> 00:30:02.799 of the invisible work done by these analog architects.