00;00;00;17 - 00;00;06;19 Dr. Winn I'm Dr. Rob Winn and you're listening to Real Cancer Talk from VCU Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center. 00;00;07;14 - 00;00;12;22 Dr. Sutton Good afternoon. Hello everyone. Happy Friday. 00;00;12;22 - 00;00;18;24 Dr. Sutton we are glad that you joined us for another, opportunity to share through facts and Faith Fridays. 00;00;18;24 - 00;00;40;16 Dr. Sutton I am excited to introduce, one of my colleagues, Doctor David Turner, who Doctor Turner is a cancer survivor and a scientific researcher. He is currently the interim associate director of community outreach and engagement here at the cancer Center. He he serves as the vice chair of research innovation for the Department of surgery at VCU. 00;00;40;19 - 00;00;57;12 Dr. Sutton And really, I am excited because he has the kind of science that I love, and he's able to communicate his science and is something that I think that, we are going to, I promise you, by the time you're finished, you're going to think differently. Maybe if for a couple of minutes about the things that you eat. 00;00;57;16 - 00;01;18;22 Dr. Turner So first of all, thank you. It's an honor to talk at Fox and face Fridays. It really is setting a precedent across the country for how scientists and the community can get together and talk about science for the benefit of everybody. That's not just the health of the communities, but how the as a scientist, we should be doing our research. 00;01;18;24 - 00;01;45;25 Dr. Turner So it really is an honor to talk to you. So basically what I'm going to talk about is some things called advanced glycation end products. Nobody has really heard of these things. But we're exposed to them every day and they can really affect our health. So I really want to go over that and sort of really try to bring home, in an understandable way, what these things are and why we should take them seriously. 00;01;45;27 - 00;02;08;10 Dr. Turner So it all starts out with, we pretty much everybody on here probably know that the way we live our lives influences our chances of getting cancer, and living a healthier lifestyle can help to avoid a cancer diagnosis in the first place. It can really help treat cancer when once diagnosed, and it can also improve quality of life when living with cancer as well. 00;02;08;12 - 00;02;27;29 Dr. Turner But one of the sort of difficulties for this is sort of we need to convince people if we need if we want to convince people to make lifestyle change, we need to let them understand why they are making them changes. It's not good enough to just say you should live a healthier lifestyle. You should eat better. You should exercise more. 00;02;28;01 - 00;02;50;24 Dr. Turner People are more likely to do that if they understand why and these advanced glycation end products and we call them ages for short, because only a scientist could call something in advance. Glycation end product. So we'll call them ages for now on. And these ages can really sort of, hopefully help you understand why we should live a healthier lifestyle. 00;02;50;26 - 00;03;16;13 Dr. Turner So what? Ages. So, you know, when sugars, proteins and fats are in the body, they can actually combine. They can come together and they can form this advanced glycation end product for an age. Once these things form, they're irreversible. Their, their their bonds are like super glue. They stick together and they don't want to be separated. But what we know is that these ages can be toxic. 00;03;16;13 - 00;03;38;15 Dr. Turner So when we visit the restroom, that's the main break that we get rid of ages from the body. We clear them when we go to the restroom. But, and over decades of studies have shown that this is actually relevant, the sort of, inefficient and the ages accumulate in our bodies and in our organs as we get older. 00;03;38;17 - 00;04;07;11 Dr. Turner And what this can do, it can actually, lead to tissue in order decline over time. So as these ages accumulate, it stops cells, tissues and organs from working as well as they could. But now, because of the modern lifestyle, things like dietary habits, the high fat, the sugar, processed foods, how we cook our foods, health behaviors, smoking, drinking, lack of physical activity and that relationship with things like the neighborhood and built environment. 00;04;07;11 - 00;04;34;25 Dr. Turner Food deserts promote the consumption of unhealthy foods because they're cheap and that's people can avoid, but also the quality of health care. Having co-morbidities, having diabetes, having cardiovascular disease also contributes to ages in the body. And what this is doing means that we are now exposed to more of these ages than we've ever been exposed to before. These things are accumulating in our tissues and organs so much more than they ever used to. 00;04;34;28 - 00;04;57;27 Dr. Turner Now we're getting much more tissue and organ decline over time. So basically what us these ages accumulate in our body. They cause our tissues and organs to grow older, quicker. Now, one of the sort of ways I usually used to explain this wrinkles in the skin ages combined to collagen, which is one of the main proteins that we find in the skin. 00;04;58;00 - 00;05;18;20 Dr. Turner They like collagen and they bind to it a lot over the years. When ages bind to collagen, it can dry it out, and that contributes to wrinkling in the skin. Now, if you can imagine the same thing happening to every organ in your body, that's the potential damage that these things can do. And this is one of the reasons why I think we should know what they are. 00;05;18;25 - 00;05;49;27 Dr. Turner We should understand them. Then people are in a position to make a choice whether they want to do anything about their age accumulation. And we think that when all is stored, the excessive tissue and organ decline that can contribute to diseases. And what we look at is how they contribute to cancer. Now, age is a nutritional behavior epitomize their relationship with lifestyle, social economic status, low income education and awareness really effects our dietary habits. 00;05;49;29 - 00;06;12;19 Dr. Turner Like I said, neighborhood and built environments such as food deserts and rurality can also lead to the consumption of these rather unhealthy high fat sugar foods. Even the policies and laws like food subsidies and food production are really aimed towards cheaper foods and mass production, which I'm going to explain really quite high in these advanced glycation end products. 00;06;12;24 - 00;06;38;04 Dr. Turner What they can do, they can actually lead to is putting these ages into our body, but they can also lead to ages forming in the body. It actually within the body itself. Just to expand on that a little bit easier, fueling comedians protein, carbs and fats and micronutrients in all foods. If we eat them in excess, that can actually lead to age formation within the body. 00;06;38;07 - 00;07;03;25 Dr. Turner So this is one of the reasons why obesity can be, unhealthy and how overeating is associated with a number of chronic diseases. This is one mechanism by which that is affected is because when we overconsume these macronutrients, it could lead to these age formation in the body, these things, and then, more and more likely to accumulate in our tissues and organs and not be routinely cleared. 00;07;03;28 - 00;07;25;11 Dr. Turner And that obviously increases that aging process. Now, all foods naturally contain ages. And I wanted to give a few examples of what we've got. We know carrots are healthy. They have about 12 range, 12 ages in about three ounces is one way to look at it. Fish can be quite healthy, but it is an animal product. So ages do form within fish. 00;07;25;17 - 00;07;54;14 Dr. Turner So three ounce of this has about 450 ages. Chicken. All of our chicken. Raw chicken itself has around 800 eggs in that three ounces. So then when we actually consume these foods, this is put in ages directly into our bodies. And like I said, normally this would be sort of excreted when we visit the restrooms. Our bodies are just the ultimate gift and amazing at what they can do, but they can only do so much. 00;07;54;16 - 00;08;13;11 Dr. Turner And because of the modern lifestyle, as I'm explaining here, we're exposing ourselves to more of the ages. The other thing I want to talk about is that heat drives age formation. When I was talking about how the sugars and the proteins come together and they actually bind ages. When you add heat or that that occurs so much faster. 00;08;13;14 - 00;08;34;02 Dr. Turner An example of that is in raw state has around 800 age units. We put that into a moist heat and we boil it. We make a stew that would go up to 2600 just on, just from the way we cook it. Now, we know that frying, broiling, grilling are all very unhealthy ways to cook our foods. They increase ages exponentially. 00;08;34;04 - 00;08;56;09 Dr. Turner So we start off with a raw steak of 800 age units. We fry that. That goes to 10,000 age units. So you can see the way we cook our foods can really affect what these ages are doing. Carrots are said healthy. They are very low. We boil them, they go to five. Even if you roast them, it's only about 28 units in three ounces. 00;08;56;11 - 00;09;18;22 Dr. Turner So really, we should be roasting our vegetables and sort of boiling our meats. But obviously there's limitations to that. One thing that I sort of haven't mentioned up till now is that ages taste fantastic. But the charred areas, the grilled areas, the the pieces of foods that have all the taste that's ages form in between your ice ages were actually discovered. 00;09;18;22 - 00;09;45;15 Dr. Turner But when they try to find out what made, white bread become brown when you toasted, not toasting is the ages forming in the food right in front of your eyes. Now, the next one makes me very unpopular, mainly because most people love bacon. And one of the reasons it tastes so fantastic is it's age levels. They have about 90,000 age units in three slices of bacon. 00;09;45;18 - 00;10;08;02 Dr. Turner So you can see there's a lot of things going on and we can expose our bodies. We don't know what the recommended daily amount of ages should be because that research has not been done. But one study coming out of New York estimates that we should be exposed to about 20,000 ages a day. So that's four times over what some of the studies are saying now that still needs to be validated. 00;10;08;02 - 00;10;33;11 Dr. Turner And I personally think it's a little bit higher, but you can get the idea that we're exposing ourselves to so many of these things now. One of the big things, and one of the controversial things at the moment is food processing. Again, this applies heat and pressures to food, which increases how them ages can form. Extrusion is when they force food through a dye to make it to shapes, to make it look good. 00;10;33;15 - 00;11;01;21 Dr. Turner That increases ages. Retorting is where they put foods into a big chamber and apply pressures, and then to sterilize it, and also irradiation where they sterilize foods. All of these things increase age content in foods, things like, macaroni cheese. There's 4000 ages in three ounces. Processed cheese is 8000. And we can see again, this is another way that we're really sort of increasing our exposure to ages. 00;11;01;28 - 00;11;29;14 Dr. Turner And again, when we consume skim term these foods, we're throwing ages into our bodies and then they're free to accumulate in our tissues and organs. So why should we care about this? So ages have been found to be high in patients with most chronic diseases. No cause and effect hasn't been identified yet. And that's one of the things we've been doing at Massey is really trying to show that, all right, these ages are high in the body. 00;11;29;16 - 00;11;54;25 Dr. Turner What can they do? What can they do biologically that leads to these diseases? One of the areas that was really understudied was cancer, and we've done a lot of research over the last decade on what what's the effects of ages on cancer outcomes. And basically the only way we sort of took I thought we could do this is if we really take a more holistic approach to lifestyle research. 00;11;54;28 - 00;12;23;27 Dr. Turner We wanted to do basic research, population science, drug discovery, preclinical clinical trials, and more importantly, community outreach, such as what I'm trying to do now to really combine all that, to really sort of get an idea of what these ages are doing and how they're associated with lifestyle up today we have actually, eight we have shown through Massey researchers, through our collaborations, the ages promote a tumor microenvironment that helps it grow. 00;12;24;00 - 00;12;53;00 Dr. Turner And I won't go into a lot of details, but basically, when we eat a lot of ages, it can lead to inflammation in the body. A lot of tumors like inflammation, it helps them to grow. And our experimental experimental models report that, interestingly, age levels are higher in men with prostate cancer than white men. This is our first publication that we ever did on the ages, and we're really sort of developing models and things to look at that and find out why we know that. 00;12;53;00 - 00;13;13;29 Dr. Turner Plus men with, black men with prostate cancer are three times more likely to die of their disease than white men. So, again, is this part is these age levels part of that, given their association with lifestyle choices? And what are the things that we do? Something that sort of disturbs me. I've got ten year old twins, so we saw the eight. 00;13;14;00 - 00;13;43;29 Dr. Turner When you consume a lot of ages, this disrupts mammary gland development. During puberty. So this is showing that these ages can really affect our children. And we've also shown that this effect during puberty may also increase breast cancer risk in later life. So this is really sort of saying something that happens in your teams, such as the consumption of ages can affect your risk of tumor, a breast cancer in later life, and how quickly that tumor grows. 00;13;44;02 - 00;14;12;06 Dr. Turner We have, we have taken, dietary questionnaires from 500,000 women. And then we took the, and we estimated how many ages them women were eating. We then went to the cancer registry and we associated that consumption. If you look, if you were a woman who consumed high amount of ages, this data showed us that you had higher breast cancer risk, higher breast cancer aggression and high breast cancer mortality. 00;14;12;09 - 00;14;38;20 Dr. Turner We also looked in 3000 serum samples from women. And this again, women with the highest ages in their bloodstream. They associated with aggressive breast cancer. And that's our population studies. When we're looking at drug discovery. We have found that high levels in the blood can be reduced in prostate cancer patients with drugs, especially those that reduce, oxidative stress. 00;14;38;20 - 00;15;07;08 Dr. Turner And that seems to reduce aging. So we're trying to work on that to try and come up with some sort of development for this. One thing that we're particularly proud of, we've developed a series of unique and specially specific lifestyle and molecular age and experimental models, and this is really allowed us to get a lot of the data I've talked about and really get to that mechanism and show that the ages we're consuming are affecting how well cancer outcomes we've got. 00;15;07;08 - 00;15;34;12 Dr. Turner Data showing the ages may promote resistance to chemotherapy. Women and who have receptor positive breast cancer. Some kids sometimes get treated with tamoxifen. We've shown, at least in the lab, that tamoxifen doesn't work when in the presence of ages. So that shows that women are receiving tamoxifen. If they're eating a high aged diet, they could improve improve the efficacy of that treatment. 00;15;34;12 - 00;15;51;04 Dr. Turner Just by lowering their age levels. And that's another area of research that we're starting to look into. One of the big saving grace. This is not all doom and gloom. I mean, this sounds like bad news, but our bodies do cope with a lot of these ages. But I think we need to be aware of what they are and what they do and the damage they could cause. 00;15;51;07 - 00;16;18;00 Dr. Turner But we've shown in a lot of our experimental models that physical activity reduces ages, and it reduces how the tumors grow. So if you've eaten a lot of ages, you exercise. We don't see that fast tumor growth that we've seen in our models. We've also shown that time restricted eating. So if you only eat food between the hours of 10 a.m. and 6 p.m., that alone can reduce age induced tumor growth. 00;16;18;03 - 00;16;36;26 Dr. Turner We don't know why, and we're really trying to look at that, but that's sort of an easy sort of way we can start to address what's going on with these ages. So lifestyle intervention in breast cancer patients. We have shown that if a diet and physical activity intervention can really reduce ages in the bloodstream of breast cancer survivors. 00;16;36;28 - 00;16;56;14 Dr. Turner And finally, we've we've really been working like I am today in making the world age where we do community meetings. We have Ted talks, blogs, podcasts, and we also have an anti-aging foundation where we can get a lot more information that we can talk about later. So one thing I wanted to talk about what we do when we go in the community. 00;16;56;14 - 00;17;23;25 Dr. Turner So these ages actually fluoresce, they almost glow in the dark. And we have this age reader that we've been taking into the community. You put your arm on it, just like in the picture there. And what it can do, it can actually give you an idea of the age levels in your body. So what this can tell you is that if you're aged 40, it can tell you whether your organs in your body are aged 45 or 35 or something along that lines. 00;17;23;27 - 00;17;52;02 Dr. Turner So it can give you an idea of how old your organs are compared to how old you actually are. And this has really been quite interesting. And the middle line on this is sort of, well, I can't get me thing to work. Yeah. But the midline that we have on here, that's an average age level as you get older, if you are one, if you are both that line in Europe that's used to indicate that you've got a risk of cardiovascular disease. 00;17;52;04 - 00;18;10;21 Dr. Turner So this thing is actually used in the clinic as well. So this is just a picture of when we went through to the allies in health underserved groups. We've been taking this into our talks, talking about ages, and we've really had people queuing out the door to get their age levels, and they were actually being treated as a bit of fun. 00;18;10;21 - 00;18;31;25 Dr. Turner And there's a bit of a competition to who can have the lowest age levels or who can have the youngest organs compared to other people. And it's been really successful as we go out, other things we do in the community. We've developed a lot of the, pamphlets and things that really sort of tried to say what these ages are, how we're exposed to them, and what we can do about that. 00;18;31;28 - 00;18;52;07 Dr. Turner And basically, that's what I'm going to talk about next. So what can we do? So basically we can be age aware. But that's not as easy as I would like it to be. Health. Hence we have a foundation in everything. The sort of Food and Drug Administration don't really talk about ages, even though they're in all the foods that we do and what we do. 00;18;52;14 - 00;19;10;01 Dr. Turner So we're really trying to spread the word as we go out there. And we know because of this modern lifestyle that age reduction in foods is really one of the real areas that we could make our own changes and make our own differences to what we do. Another thing that we're really trying to do is work with food manufacturers. 00;19;10;09 - 00;19;32;09 Dr. Turner Processed foods are really not going to go anywhere, but why can't we make processed foods that are healthier? So when they're making them processed foods, why don't we use a moist heat instead of a high and dry heat? It would reduce the age concentration in it. And there's a lot of different things that we could do in that sort of, line of, process of what we do. 00;19;32;14 - 00;19;50;22 Dr. Turner So we really wanted to sort of really start to talk and try and change the way we make Whole Foods. I mentioned that the physical activity I think is key to this. Studies indicate that physical activity help reduce age accumulation in the body. And we've shown that if you do that, you can reduce the tumor growth in our experimental models. 00;19;50;24 - 00;20;10;20 Dr. Turner But this isn't all about food as well as smoking, drinking alcohol, even UV exposure can really make ages form in the body. And there's different ways of doing it. So some of the more simpler things we can do. Know your food age levels. Again, I said that was difficult, but there is a way around that and I'll talk about that in a minute. 00;20;10;27 - 00;20;30;18 Dr. Turner So we can cook foods at lower temperatures. Don't use up high heat. Slow cookers are fantastic because that's about moist heat and it's slow. So they're really when we cook our meats, it's really quite low. The amount of ages when you compare it to frying and broiling. So again, very similar. Don't overcook meats. Watch for burning and charring. 00;20;30;18 - 00;20;51;17 Dr. Turner It might be the bit that tastes fantastic, but it's also the bit that can actually do the most damage. So when preparing dishes that call for browning, such as stews and roasts, we could skip that browning step, put them straight in there and it would go there. Now one of the things I really find useful is that you can substitute high sugar, oil based marinades. 00;20;51;21 - 00;21;13;13 Dr. Turner These things really form the ages when we cook our meats and things. You can use lemon juice and vinegar. These acidic marinades, they can actually inhibit how then how you sugars and fats come together. They can keep them apart. So you can really reduce the number of ages when you throw that food. If you have marinated it. So that one of the things that we're really pushing. 00;21;13;15 - 00;21;33;14 Dr. Turner So I just have 1 or 2 slides left, I'm just running over a little bit now. But these, we have an anti-aging foundation on this website. We have a list of the age content in 500 different foods, pre and post cooked. So you can really get an idea of what foods have ages in them and how when cooking in could actually increase that. 00;21;33;17 - 00;21;58;05 Dr. Turner Also, we have just completed a new lab age video, which is a three minute video which really sort of goes over what I've been talking about today. So you could use it as a bit of a reminder. So a final thought. Age accumulation is a fact of life. We can't stop that. It's part of the aging process. But because of the modern lifestyle, we are making the aging process happen quicker. 00;21;58;07 - 00;22;25;01 Dr. Turner Like I said, wrinkles in the skin is one way we can do that. So our organs can be a lot older than what our actual age can be. Now I just add one final thought. With that in mind, if you think about our children and if we expose them to less age, if they had 2 or 3 meals a week that had less age content, imagine over a life span how many less ages they would have by the time they get to 40 and 50. 00;22;25;03 - 00;22;47;06 Dr. Turner And I think this is really relevant because we're seeing diabetes in adolescents now. We see the number of cancer cases we see in 20 year olds is increasing all the time. And these are diseases that's associated with old age. Not always, but they're predominantly associated with old age. So this indicates that our organs are getting older at a younger age. 00;22;47;08 - 00;23;00;13 Dr. Turner And age isn't the only thing driving that. But this I think ages are a good way to sort of explain this, and I would love to get your sort of opinions on that, and I'll leave it from there and take any questions. 00;23;00;15 - 00;23;24;07 Dr. Sutton Well Doctor Turner. I’ve done already push my latte to the side. I do, if anybody has questions, please feel free to unmute yourself, raise your hand and put in the chat. I have a question. So not that I air fry. Air frying is a huge thing now. And I wonder if that you've seen any differences with regards like traditional frying versus air frying, anything like that? 00;23;24;09 - 00;23;45;21 Dr. Turner Yeah. So air frying does produce AGEs a lot. It's a very dry way of cooking still. And it's not quite as much as frying. So there is some benefit to it. I mean we talked about the steak after you fry it has around 10,000 AGE units. We think that would probably go around to around 7500, although that hasn't definitively been shown. 00;23;45;24 - 00;24;11;20 Dr. Turner So it is sort of significant. But 75, 7500 is still quite high. And the other thing we have to remember that's in three ounces. I mean, we don't normally eat just three ounces of a steak or whatever it is. So we can get a lot more than that. But air frying does seem to be better for this sort of CV and way of cooking, where they put it into a bag and they use pressure and there's a lot of moisture that's a bit like a slow cooker. 00;24;11;20 - 00;24;31;11 Dr. Turner That's a good way of doing things as well that can really reduce it. But I think it's important to say we have to live. And like I said, AGEs taste fantastic. And I do have the odd slice of bacon now and again because I have to have a quality of life. But if you're eating bacon 3 or 4 times a week, that's maybe something to start thinking about. 00;24;31;11 - 00;24;41;25 Dr. Turner And sort of because you're exposing your body to a lot of these things. We're not saying you should cut these out altogether. It's impossible. I couldn't do it. And I know more about that the most. But yeah. 00;24;41;27 - 00;24;51;11 Rev. Whitehead Great Doctor Turner, I have a question that did you say is not that it's not reversible. Right. But you can slow it down. I'm make sure I understand is correct. 00;24;51;11 - 00;25;23;11 Dr. Turner Yeah. So this can be so AGEs that are in the bloodstream, they can be cleared from the body, but ages that have actually attached to our tissues and organs. We know no way of reversing that. It's a very stable chemical bond. And we know of no way to actually stop that from happening. So if you're doing the exercise and things, what you are really doing is, is what I believe you are doing is clearing these things in the body so much quicker so they don't have time to form the AGEs. 00;25;23;13 - 00;25;29;23 Dr. Turner So you don't you're not adding AGEs to your tissues at a faster rate. Does that make sense? 00;25;29;26 - 00;25;35;28 Rev. Whitehead Okay, yeah. Here's my other question. So is there a test you could take to see how much AGEs you have in your body? 00;25;36;00 - 00;25;40;19 Dr. Turner Yeah. So that's the age reader that I mentioned, that thing that you put your arm on. 00;25;40;21 - 00;25;41;14 Dr. Turner Okay. 00;25;41;16 - 00;26;03;21 Dr. Turner That can give you an idea of how many AGEs. And I know there's a, that one. The one that I showed you is clinically validated. And they use it because high AGEs in the skin is associated with cardiovascular disease. So basically what this machine does is fires a light at your skin. And because AGEs fluoresce, it gives off a reading. 00;26;03;24 - 00;26;22;01 Dr. Turner And that reading can be used because the studies have looked at like in a lot of people that are 20, 30, 40, 50 and decided what the average AGE level was. So then if you take your reading and you're way over the average for your age, then that indicates that your organs are getting older, quicker. 00;26;22;03 - 00;26;27;10 Rev. Whitehead Okay. Now I think I'm I might have missed it. Where can I get this test? 00;26;27;12 - 00;26;43;03 Dr. Turner Happy to come to community meetings and bring the machine. We do that now. Okay. We have a few people in the lab. If you're ever passing the Massey Cancer Center, give me a ring. You can come up to my office. Okay? And you say you would like. If I'm around, I will take the measurement for you. 00;26;43;03 - 00;26;44;19 Rev. Whitehead That would take your name down. 00;26;44;19 - 00;26;58;03 Dr. Sutton Okay, yeah, I will, I will try to come up with the opportunity for this to happen. I see, one question in the chat. Caroline Blair asked, what is your opinion on the keto diet with regard to AGEs? 00;26;58;06 - 00;27;28;14 Dr. Turner Yeah. So I'll sort of approach this from. So there's so many diets out there, not just the keto. There's lots and lots of different diets, and they all can be healthy in certain ways. But none of these diets seem to work universally for everybody. Now there was a study in Europe that actually, sort of showed that if you add AGEs back into the Mediterranean diet, a lot of the benefits of the Mediterranean diet disappeared. 00;27;28;17 - 00;27;56;26 Dr. Turner And what so one way of looking at AGEs is the AGEs are a consequence of sugars, fats, proteins, processed foods, how you exercise UV exposure. So they're more of a ubiquitous marker of lifestyle. They don't just lower fats. They don't just talk about proteins. So I think they have a much. Whereas these diets that we talk about like the keto ones, they just look at one particular aspect of nutritional behavior. 00;27;56;26 - 00;28;23;17 Dr. Turner They don't you can't target everything. So it's either reduce your fats, eat more protein or whatever. All of them things have different effects depending on the person. Depending on the person's biology. AGE is a different because they measure multiple aspects of what's happening inside the body, especially when they're related to lifestyle. So all diets will reduce AGEs to a certain extent, but there's so many other factors need to be taken into that. 00;28;23;23 - 00;28;28;08 Dr. Turner And that's, in my opinion, is why diets don't work well. 00;28;28;13 - 00;28;35;17 Dr. Sutton Okay. Oh. I'm sorry. Hold on. Was that Pastor Bibbs? I thought I heard a voice. Yes. Good question. 00;28;35;24 - 00;28;39;26 Pastor Bibbs Hello, everyone. I drink water all day. 00;28;39;29 - 00;28;42;21 Pastor Bibbs Very rarely do I drink anything but water. 00;28;42;23 - 00;28;44;29 Pastor Bibbs I've never tasted coffee. 00;28;45;01 - 00;28;48;26 Pastor Bibbs And, It's because that's the way my mother taught us not to. 00;28;48;26 - 00;28;50;02 Pastor Bibbs Drink coffee. 00;28;50;04 - 00;28;52;21 Pastor Bibbs Every now and then. I used to drink tea. 00;28;52;23 - 00;28;56;16 Pastor Bibbs But as I like to stay on the Mediterranean diet. 00;28;56;18 - 00;28;57;23 Pastor Bibbs Yeah, it's not a diet for me. 00;28;57;23 - 00;29;01;12 Pastor Bibbs I just try to eat it. It's just possible. But can you. 00;29;01;12 - 00;29;02;10 Pastor Bibbs Drink too much. 00;29;02;10 - 00;29;07;22 Pastor Bibbs Water? Because I'm drinking water all the time. More than a gallon a day. 00;29;07;25 - 00;29;28;12 Dr. Turner Yep. The truthful answer. I don't know if you can drink too much water. I got to be truthful. I do know that that water would help sort of clear the AGEs out the body, out of the body. When you visit the restroom, the more water you drink, the more you go to the restroom. So it makes sense that that would actually clear the AGEs. 00;29;28;14 - 00;29;38;22 Dr. Turner It would be great to get you into the lab or one of these meetings, so I can measure your AGE levels and let's see what it looks like because you're drinking all that. Well, that would be fantastic. 00;29;38;25 - 00;29;49;07 Dr. Winn Dr. Turner, what one quick thing is that there are reported cases, rare as they are, with water toxicity, but that's an excessive amount of water that you would have to take. 00;29;49;07 - 00;29;54;07 Dr. Winn And recently I think there was a woman, a mother, recently, 00;29;54;09 - 00;29;57;16 Dr. Winn About a year ago, a year and a half ago, who had an. 00;29;57;16 - 00;30;20;13 Dr. Winn Unusual, sort of bouts. So the issue is that, what's that thing? Everything in moderation matters. And so, but I do say to your point, and Pastor Bibbs again, like, spot on, the water is actually the probably one of the best things we have going. All those sodas and even we think sometimes the juice and the expresso. 00;30;20;13 - 00;30;39;18 Dr. Winn I mean, listen, the what I love about what you just said is that we know what we actually was made to drink. And by drinking the water, it actually does help a lot. But, you know, there is something called excessive water intake. To do that, you really have to try hard though I think, and most of us are not going to be in that range. 00;30;39;18 - 00;30;50;24 Dr. Winn So, the answer to your question is that everything in moderation shouldn't have a, it shouldn't be a problem. But thank you for that question for sure. And I am glad you're drinking water. In fact, I love water. I'm just letting you know 00;30;50;24 - 00;31;22;23 Dr. Turner can I just say very quickly that the community we've taken the AGE reader out into has been predominantly African-American, and the age levels have been really low, and then we really got to start, like taking stock of these readings and really try to get an overall picture of all this. And one final thing, if anybody wants me to bring the if you have community outreach or anything that you need and you think this would be suitable, or we could bring out, please get in touch because it's a bit of a passion that's close to my heart. 00;31;22;23 - 00;31;28;20 Dr. Turner I'm from humble beginnings, and I really like to go out and tell people about this, so let me know. Thank you. 00;31;28;22 - 00;31;31;29 Dr. Sutton Thank you, Doctor Turner. All right everyone. So