00:00:00:14 - 00:00:06:16 Dr. Winn I'm Dr. Rob Winn and you're listening to Real Cancer Talk from VCU Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center. 00:00:07:12 - 00:00:31:10 Rudene Mercer Haynes Good afternoon everyone. I am so thrilled to be able to welcome each of you to today's Facts and Faith Friday conversation. Say that ten times fast. We're absolutely thrilled to have with us Doctor Francis Collins. He is returning to us. He was with us, you know, early on during the Facts and Faith sort of journey. And we're looking forward to engaging him in a fireside chat today. 00:00:31:12 - 00:01:01:12 Rudene Mercer Haynes Doctor Collins, as many of you know, is a man of science and faith who has made his life's work and ministry about improving the human condition. So now it's my pleasure, to reintroduce to our Facts and Faith family Doctor Francis Collins. He's a living legend. Although he's far too humble to ever call himself that. He's currently a senior investigator in the National Human Genome Research Institute, and he's a special advisor to the president for special projects at the White House. 00:01:01:14 - 00:01:36:18 Rudene Mercer Haynes He's a physician and geneticist known for his landmark discoveries of disease genes, for spearheading the Human Genome Project for champion, championing the harmony of science and faith, and for his 12 years, 12 long years of leadership of the National Institutes of Health under three presidents Obama, Trump and Biden. Collins stepped down in December 2021 after guiding the nation's biomedical research in everything from basic science to clinical trials, including a dramatically successful series of research partnerships addressing the Covid 19 pandemic. 00:01:36:20 - 00:02:01:01 Rudene Mercer Haynes Formally, Doctor Collins was an atheist. And he became a Christian in his 20s after realizing his perspective didn't provide all the answers to profound questions about the meaning of life. And it just seemed inconsistent with the observations he had about the nature and the universe and humankind. He wrote about finding harmony between sort of the scientific and spiritual worldviews in ‘The Language of God: 00:02:01:01 - 00:02:26:23 Rudene Mercer Haynes AScientist Presents Evidence for Belief.’ This book spent 20 weeks on the New York Times bestseller list. Go, Doctor. Collins. Doctor Collins is a prolific writer, and he's received numerous accolades over his career, but I would be remiss if I didn't just highlight a few of the more notable and jaw dropping awards. Doctor Collins was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in November of 2007. 00:02:27:00 - 00:02:50:12 Rudene Mercer Haynes He received the National Medal of Science in 2009. In 2020, he was elected as a forum member of the Royal Society and was named the 50th winner of the Templeton Prize, which celebrates scientific and spiritual curiosity. Doctor Collins is currently in the process of writing a new book on a topic that should not be at all surprising, given his life's work and his Christian journey. 00:02:50:14 - 00:02:59:12 Rudene Mercer Haynes We hope to chat more about that a little bit later during our fireside chat. Doctor Winn do you have any words of welcome before we get started with our questions? 00:02:59:14 - 00:03:23:12 Dr. Robert Winn I think that, Doctor Collins actually is a prime example for many of us, and an inspiration for many of us who understand that our facts are not at war with our faith, and that ultimately it inspires us to do even more. And so with that, if there were any opening words from Doctor Collins, I will turn the floor over to him. 00:03:23:14 - 00:03:43:01 Dr. Francis Collins Well, it is a pleasure to come back to this Friday gathering on Facts and Faith. I enjoyed the last time I was able to visit, and I'm a big fan of Doctor Winn and what he's doing to bring communities together here on these Friday afternoons in Richmond. I'm a Virginia boy, so I am particularly glad to have this connection. 00:03:43:03 - 00:04:10:13 Dr. Francis Collins And again, the leadership Doctor Winn has shown at the cancer center, and not just by doing fantastic research, but clinical and basic science within that enterprise. But particularly to make this a real community effort, there are very few cancer centers that have achieved that level of connection that he has done. So congratulations on that. I did warn people before we came on that, you should not be alarmed by my appearance. 00:04:10:15 - 00:04:31:04 Dr. Francis Collins Yes. Actually, I'm trying out a new version of eye makeup, but not really. I, I had a little bike accident, which is why I have a black eye, but it's fine. I'm fine. All the world is fine. It was a little embarrassing, as accidents will be. But, I hope I will recover. Sorry about the appearance. 00:04:31:06 - 00:04:54:22 Dr. Francis Collins Yeah, in terms of facts and faith, yeah, perhaps we can talk a little bit about that because it is an amazing thing to look at the last three years where the scientific response to Covid 19 was nothing short of dramatic. Pulling together all of the sectors that had capabilities for vaccines, for therapeutics, for diagnostics and achieving things that most people would not have thought possible, 00:04:54:22 - 00:05:19:05 Dr. Francis Collins and a timetable that was pretty outstanding, like having a vaccine that was proven safe and effective in just 11 months. But it's also the case that a lot of people, even now, have chosen to pass that vaccine up because of information that has come to them, that make them worry about whether it's safe or not, or whether there might be some kind of hidden troubles here that are being kept away from them. 00:05:19:07 - 00:06:00:24 Dr. Francis Collins And the misinformation that has been so prominent in social media and sometimes on cable news, has gotten in the way of the opportunity for many people to take advantage of what clearly can be life saving interventions. So this issue about how do we put facts in front of people so that they can make rational decisions? It's very much on my mind, and particularly as a person of faith myself, I see that faith communities have had trouble with this too, that they are not immune from these kinds of influences, especially now when our faith communities have, in many instances, gotten all tangled up with our political communities, which is never a good idea. 00:06:01:00 - 00:06:37:06 Dr. Francis Collins You really don't want to have those things together, but they have gotten together in a big way. The most likely group to decide to pass up vaccines in the last two years, since they've been freely available to anybody are white evangelical Christians. I'm a white evangelical Christian, so those are my people. And yet, a significant fraction after hearing all of the stories, that come flying at you on Facebook or sometimes on, cable news, they are just not convinced that this is going to be a good thing. 00:06:37:06 - 00:07:05:10 Dr. Francis Collins And, you know, the most sobering of all is this is a culture war that's been killing people. I know that the Kaiser Family Foundation, which is a very objective, nonpolitical group, estimates more than 300,000 people are now in graveyards because of their decision not to get vaccinated and then getting sick with Covid and losing their lives. 300,000 people are caused by this misinformation epidemic. 00:07:05:12 - 00:07:38:20 Dr. Francis Collins And if we look forward, we have to figure out something to do here. And these are good, honorable people, many of them God fearing, honorable people who just got misled by information that was very hard to sort through. And I'll be the first to say, as somebody within the government, our communication was far from perfect, and I think we have a lot of lessons to learn ourselves there about how best to communicate public health information in a way that people can actually understand and wrap their arms around and accept as having, true value. 00:07:38:22 - 00:07:49:14 Dr. Francis Collins So a lot, lot we could talk about in that space and something that I do hope, maybe I could write something about if I get free from my current responsibilities in the White House. 00:07:49:16 - 00:07:55:00 Dr. Robert Winn Thank you. Rudene, we ready for questions? 00:07:55:02 - 00:07:56:06 Rudene Mercer Haynes I think we are. 00:07:56:08 - 00:08:28:09 Dr. Robert Winn All right, well, I'm going to start. We. There is a lot of talk about moonshot. And you know what the first moonshot was supposed to accomplish? What we're thinking about in the moonshot 2.0. I was wondering if you can talk a little bit about your role in that, and why should we even care in the general public, whether we're talking in Petersburg or in Danville, about what is the hubbub about the moonshot and now the moonshot 2.0. 00:08:28:11 - 00:09:00:00 Dr. Francis Collins Yeah. Well, I think as many of you know, President Biden, who I have the privilege to serve right now, is completely devoted to the idea of preventing cancer or better treating it if it occurs and has put his heart and soul into this both as vice president when he was the lead of moonshot 1.0 and now as president, where he is nurturing our next iteration of this to try to be as bold as possible in the kinds of things that would speed up the process of saving lives. 00:09:00:02 - 00:09:21:10 Dr. Francis Collins The good news is that deaths from cancer are falling. It's been pretty interesting to see, bit by bit, over the course of the last 25 years, deaths from cancer are down by almost 30%, but that's not good enough. So the moonshot 2.0 has this goal of reducing cancer deaths another 50%, in the next 30 years, 00:09:21:10 - 00:09:45:21 Dr. Francis Collins and that is by 2050. That is a bold effort, but it's achievable. When I was asked to come and serve as the president's acting science advisor just about a year ago, rather surprisingly, I wasn't expecting that phone call. One of the things he asked me to focus on was the cancer moonshot and how to help shape it, along with my colleague, Doctor Danielle Carnival, who is the lead person in the white House for this. 00:09:45:23 - 00:10:16:01 Dr. Francis Collins So I got very engaged in that, trying to identify what are the sort of big moonshot kind of items that could be pushed forward even faster with a presidential initiative. One of them is this whole idea of how to do a better job of screening for early presence of cancer, using the so-called multi cancer early detection approach. Just a simple blood sample, which you can analyze by looking for DNA fragments that might have come from a cancer cell somewhere in your body. 00:10:16:03 - 00:10:36:06 Dr. Francis Collins This is still very much in my view, and experimental approach, but it's looking pretty promising. And if it's as good as some people think, it might replace a lot of the other ways that we screened for cancer in its early stages and might give us a better shot at finding cancers when they are still small and readily cured, with a surgical procedure. 00:10:36:10 - 00:11:09:09 Dr. Francis Collins That's the goal. So it's my head is certainly a focus of the cancer moonshot. Another is more of a prevention strategy focused on cigarets. Is it time actually to do something, that FDA has been talking about, which is to reduce the amount of nicotine that's allowed in a cigaret, because we know nicotine is addictive, and short term studies have indicated if you could reduce the amount of nicotine people tend to actually get over the addiction, they reduce their cigaret smoking, it's easier to quit. 00:11:09:11 - 00:11:28:01 Dr. Francis Collins And we need to help people who are still in that difficult state of wanting to quit. And at least half of smokers try to quit every year. But it's hard because that nicotine is in your system, in your brain, and you want it more. So that might be something they will look at. I don't know. To be honest, Doctor Winn what exactly will get rolled out? 00:11:28:07 - 00:11:58:00 Dr. Francis Collins I'd be really surprised if the president in the state of the Union address coming up on February 7th, doesn't say the words cancer moonshot. So listen for that. Because, whenever I meet with the president, and I think we're talking about something else, we end up talking about cancer. And the staff goes, oh, my God, here he goes again. If they got a big, busy agenda and they know very well we're going to have a conversation right now and it's going to be about cancer because that's what the president cares about. 00:11:58:06 - 00:11:58:19 Dr. Francis Collins And that's a 00:11:58:19 - 00:12:04:06 Rudene Mercer Haynes very personal connection for him, right, with his son and his wife recently. 00:12:04:08 - 00:12:07:06 Dr. Francis Collins And family friends. Yeah. 00:12:07:08 - 00:12:38:23 Rudene Mercer Haynes So again, cancer moonshot sounds really exciting. MCD sounds amazing. And we know that a lot of communities are coming together, thinking about cancer moonshot. But I guess what we'd like to understand is what could the faith community do? In engaging and in, in advancing the efforts of moonshot and to the extent that you're considering or the public voice is being considered with respect to certain recommendations by Cancer Moonshot, how will their recommendation, how will their their voice actually be heard? 00:12:38:23 - 00:12:40:07 Rudene Mercer Haynes I guess? 00:12:40:09 - 00:13:00:06 Dr. Francis Collins Well, I think the way the moonshot has been constructed and again, Doctor Carnival as the lead of this has done a lot in terms of having convenings in the White House, heavily focused on communities, listening to the voices of the people out there. One of the things that people are looking for is guidance, for instance, about navigating through the system. 00:13:00:08 - 00:13:48:03 Dr. Francis Collins When you get a cancer diagnosis, it's often really hard to figure out who should you see and how do you get that appointment in a timely fashion? People who are lucky enough to have a family member or a friend who kind of knows how it works, benefit. But you shouldn't have to have that in order to be able to figure out your pathway through. That's something that I think communities are interested in and should continue, to share their thoughts about because I think it's a possibility they're doing something in that regard. Certainly getting all of the cancer screening back that we lost during Covid because people weren't able, safely, to go and have mammograms and have a colonoscopy. We've got to catch up on that. And I don't know where you are, Doctor Winn, in terms of your facility, and getting people back into the system, that's going to be 00:13:48:05 - 00:14:02:24 Dr. Francis Collins highly promoted, by the moonshot. Certainly the first lady. Every time she has a chance to go. Anyway, she's talking about that because we know these things work. And yet they got knocked for a loop, as everything else did do by Covid. So let's get 00:14:03:01 - 00:14:23:19 Dr. Francis Collins those back together and that's a place where communities can really help by getting the word out, making it easy to schedule those screens and easy to have them carried out. And I know that's something 00:14:23:21 - 00:14:55:17 Dr. Robert Winn you all must be working on. Absolutely. You know, Doctor Collins, in your role as the acting science advisor, to the president, you know, here at Massey, we clearly understand that cancer is just one part of science. As we think about the other things in your role, are there any exciting things or things that we should know about in the context of the environment, for example, or obesity and diabetes or in communication and telecommunication and other exciting things that, again, this group, which I really love, I always call these, not only my faith warriors, but now my fact warriors and science warriors as well. 00:14:55:19 - 00:15:20:13 Dr. Robert Winn You know, in the context of understanding how we can also help or things to, be aware of or at least be on the market. This group has been able to take to their congregations early. In fact, I've told them that sometimes when folks get cancer, they don't come to me first. They come to them. And what I really love about the Facts-Faith group has been that we've also grown in the context of, bringing science closer to our community. 00:15:20:13 - 00:15:32:15 Dr. Robert Winn So is there anything from your scientific advisor to the presidency that you can tell us about from a technological sort of standpoint, environmental or other things that you find maybe exciting? 00:15:32:17 - 00:15:56:18 Dr. Francis Collins Yeah. Well, let me advocate for one that everybody can take part on right now if you haven't already done so. We really need to understand how it is that our inherited DNA, our genetics and the environmental exposures that we have and our health behaviors and our social determinants and all those things fit together in terms of whether people stay healthy or whether they get a chronic illness of some sort. 00:15:56:20 - 00:16:16:24 Dr. Francis Collins The best way to know that is to study a very large number of highly diverse individuals across this big, sprawling country and figure out as our partners can they help us figure out what are the factors that seem to play out, to preserve health or cause somebody to trip into a disease? And if so, how do you best manage it? 00:16:17:01 - 00:16:42:00 Dr. Francis Collins That program is underway, and you all can join it today. It's called All of Us. It aims to enroll 1 million Americans and follow them over a long period of time. You get your complete genome sequenced and you get all that information fed back to you. You're involved in this in a way that your identity is anonymized and obscured. 00:16:42:00 - 00:17:05:02 Dr. Francis Collins So the researchers who are working don't know who you are, but they have access to lots of information about your environmental exposure, about your electronic health records, about your, Fitbit. If you happen to have one, you can contribute that data as well. I am one of the so far 575,000 participants, but there's still time to join because we're going for a million. 00:17:05:04 - 00:17:29:00 Dr. Francis Collins Right now, 51% of the participants are racial and ethnic minorities. And there's a specific effort also to reach out to people in rural communities, people, in lower socioeconomic status situations, people who don't have insurance, who get their health care through community health centers. This is supposed to be about all of us. As the name says. So if you want to be part of that, this is how we're going to figure this out, 00:17:29:02 - 00:17:59:17 Dr. Francis Collins how to individualize or make more precise, medical approaches, not just for treating terrible disease, but preventing it, which is something we haven't done enough of. So JoinAllofUs.org is where you could go if you're interested in this, JoinAllofUs.org. That was my little advertisement, but run by NIH and done very carefully with a community advisory group to make sure we are listening to everybody's concerns about this, because, of course, this is a research study. 00:17:59:22 - 00:18:37:04 Dr. Francis Collins People want to be reassured that their information is not going to be misused in every kind of protection, and security is in there to try to make that happen. Oh, good. I see somebody put it in the chat box. So that would one thing. But but Doctor Winn I want to tell you about another thing that I'm totally obsessed about right now, that I think your community and all communities would get behind if they knew it was possible, because we have a once in a generation opportunity to eliminate a disease that currently is killing 15,000 people in America every year, for which we now have a cure. 00:18:37:06 - 00:19:03:24 Dr. Francis Collins And yet the cure is not getting to the people who need it. The disease is hepatitis C, it is almost the most common cause of liver cancer. So it fits with the moonshot. And 7 or 8 years ago, really wonderful science, developed initially at NIH and then by companies like Gilead and Abby led to the development of an oral cure. 00:19:04:02 - 00:19:40:19 Dr. Francis Collins It's one pill a day for 12 weeks. The side effects are minimal and the cure rate is 97%. Now, hepatitis C, if you've got it as 3 million Americans currently do, you may not have any symptoms for a while, but over time it is working in your liver and it develops ultimately liver fibrosis and then liver cirrhosis and then liver failure, where if you don't have a liver transplant available, that's going to be the end or liver cancer, which can also be very difficult to treat. 00:19:40:19 - 00:20:01:01 Dr. Francis Collins And it's often fatal. My brother in law died of hepatitis C, and it was pretty awful, going through that. So what's the problem here? We got a cure. We got a disease. Well, the problem is our health care system is not amenable to getting the cure to the people who need it, because many of the people with hep C have it because of exposure 00:20:01:03 - 00:20:22:08 Dr. Francis Collins to the virus through a needle. Maybe a dirty tattoo needle, maybe an intravenous drug needle, maybe a blood transfusion. Back in the day before we knew how to screen blood. Now we do. So blood transfusions are safe. But they weren't 30 years ago, and those folks are now ticking time bombs. Many of them don't even know they have this, because we haven't done a great job of screening, 00:20:22:10 - 00:20:44:21 Dr. Francis Collins and many of them who are positive are not being offered treatment because the treatment initially cost $90,000 per patient, which was way outside of the range of people who didn't have, you know, gold plated third party insurance. This is something as a nation that we should care about deeply. I would say this is not just an important thing. You look at it, 00:20:44:21 - 00:21:13:21 Dr. Francis Collins this is almost like a moral obligation. If we have the opportunity to cure these people and we're not doing it. What what are we all about here? But that's going to mean setting up a bold national program that will reach out to people on Medicaid, which is where many of these folks are or who have no insurance, maybe getting their health care in community health centers, or they may be in prison because the incidence of hepatitis C in state and federal prisons is as high as 30%. 00:21:13:23 - 00:21:46:17 Dr. Francis Collins Again, because of the interaction, with the terrible drug crisis. But that doesn't mean we don't have a responsibility and an opportunity there as well. Now, for people who are like, okay, it sounds like a nice idea, but how are we going to pay for it? Guess what? It will pay for itself many times over by the health care costs that you won't have to pay down stream, because if you add up the cost of all those liver transplants and all those liver cancers, that you're going to have to find a way to treat, and how much of that is going to fall on Medicaid and Medicare? 00:21:46:19 - 00:22:12:00 Dr. Francis Collins It's tens of billions of dollars. And we could avoid that if we spend a few billion dollars now, over five years to find the 3 million people, test them and treat them and cure them, we can do this. I have spent the last nine months obsessed about this. I think every part of Health and Human Services is on board for doing this. 00:22:12:02 - 00:22:33:08 Dr. Francis Collins There is growing enthusiasm in the Congress, in both parties and both houses to look at this, and my hope is that as soon as the near future, we might actually announce the intention to launch such a five year program and take care of this, because I've never seen an opportunity as compelling as this to save lives. And we just have to do it. 00:22:33:10 - 00:22:36:03 Dr. Francis Collins Okay, that's my little obsessive speech about... Well, again. 00:22:36:04 - 00:22:56:11 Rudene Mercer Haynes I'm thankful for this PSA because before you started talking, I've never even heard about this as a mini epidemic. And I think it's great that a lot of our, you know, faith leaders on the call can hear this and be bold to say, hey, congregation, have you ever gotten tested for hepatitis C? And it not be a dirty word, right? 00:22:56:13 - 00:23:07:13 Rudene Mercer Haynes It's all about making this stuff like more, you know, mainstream as opposed to stuff we talk about in whispered tones, in corners. So thank you for saying that. 00:23:07:15 - 00:23:09:17 Dr. Francis Collins We can do so much good here. 00:23:09:19 - 00:23:17:06 Rudene Mercer Haynes Yeah, definitely. I think. What a great week. We have tons of questions for you. And I think we have time for one more question. 00:23:17:20 - 00:23:22:04 Rudene Mercer Haynes Although I didn't mention your books, you're going to have to kind of weave in the new book you're working on. 00:23:22:04 - 00:23:22:21 Dr. Francis Collins We were wondering 00:23:22:21 - 00:23:29:18 Dr. Robert Winn if you could just give us a sneak peek. Just a quick sneak peek about maybe what the new book might be, but sneak like a little one. 00:23:29:20 - 00:23:32:03 Rudene Mercer Haynes And then I'll ask one question from the audience. 00:23:32:03 - 00:24:02:04 Dr. Francis Collins Okay, sneak peek. And I had to sort of put the book aside a year ago to do these things for the white House, so it's not gotten as far as long as I wish it had. And, basically it's about four things science, faith, truth, and trust. And how do we put all those together? Because if we are a people who are listening to the exhortations from our spiritual leaders, those are all there ought to be things that we could wrap in, to our future in a very positive way. 00:24:02:04 - 00:24:26:12 Dr. Francis Collins And we're in trouble right now. Distrust of science is growing rapidly. More people than ever, seem to have a question about how do you decide what is truth? Is there such a thing as truth? Answer yes there is. The world actually is not flat. The Earth actually goes around the sun and not the other way around. 00:24:26:14 - 00:24:46:17 Dr. Francis Collins Objective truth exists, and there's a lot of it that science reveals to us. And it ought to be something that you could kind of wrap your head around and say, okay, that I can count on. We have gotten into such a postmodern phase where everybody's opinion, seems to be just as important as the facts. And that's not a good place. 00:24:46:19 - 00:25:23:02 Dr. Francis Collins If we want to preserve ourselves and our families for the future. So I want to write a book directed specifically to people in faith, not in a finger wagging. I'm going to tell you all the stupid things you've done. No, I'm I'm one of you in a way that is empathetic, that understands the difficulties. We're all struggling with right now, trying to sort through a terribly divisive time in our country that has spilled over into everything, including our churches, including, certainly our discussions, about public health, which never should have become a divisive topic and certainly has been. 00:25:23:04 - 00:25:29:07 Dr. Francis Collins So that's what the book will be about once I finally get a chance to get back to it. 00:25:29:09 - 00:25:37:17 Rudene Mercer Haynes Well, since you put it to the side, I can't ask for a publication date yet, but you have to let us know when it's ready and we will advertise on behalf. 00:25:37:19 - 00:25:40:00 Dr. Francis Collins I will take you up on that. 00:25:40:02 - 00:26:01:12 Rudene Mercer Haynes All right. Well, yeah. Like you said, the moonshot program is on everybody's mind. It's on our audience members’ mind, too. And one question that was asked is, what is this initiative going to do to help refine implementation sciences? To help sciences? Excuse me? To help shorten the adoption of cutting edge interventions. 00:26:01:14 - 00:26:31:11 Dr. Francis Collins Routine. That is a fantastic question. And it's, one that we all wrestle with and recognize. We got a big problem here, when the average time it takes for a clinical improvement in care, to reach the average patient and after it's proven to be what you want is about 20 years. That's just simply unacceptable. And there should be, after all, with the way in which we are so rapidly now connected, this ought to be a place where the internet helps us a lot. 00:26:31:13 - 00:26:54:11 Dr. Francis Collins But it's going to take, culture change, for the health care providers. I'm one of them. I'm a physician. So I can say this, physicians oftentimes kind of feel like they've got the knowledge they need and are a little less likely, to wrap their arms around something new that seems a little unfamiliar. And we have to figure out a way to inspire more of that flexibility. 00:26:54:13 - 00:27:16:08 Dr. Francis Collins And some of that may mean, perhaps being a little more intrusive, in terms of observing physician behavior and making sure if they're being compensated for giving care, that it's actually the best care and not the care from 20 years ago, that won't be easy. But you are so right. And this has got to be a place where we pay a lot of attention because, here I am. I do care a lot 00:27:16:10 - 00:27:32:05 Dr. Francis Collins about medical research, but I don't care about it just because it's interesting or just because I like the published papers. I want to see it implemented in the clinic and save people's lives. And if that takes 20 years for no reason, we got to do something about that. 00:27:32:07 - 00:27:51:10 Rudene Mercer Haynes Understood. Thank you so much, Doctor Collins. Again, you are always welcome to come to this neighborhood to talk to us about all the cool things that you're doing to help, you know, advance our society. And thank you for all of your your work and labor over the years. So, Doctor Winn, do you have any other parting thoughts for Doctor Collins? 00:27:51:16 - 00:28:15:11 Dr. Robert Winn You're the best. Thank you so much for hanging in there with us. And, for actually making sure that science is, really out there in front and doesn't get lost. It's important we believe it. And as a person that believes in both facts and faith, I just have to say again, Doctor Collins, it means a lot that you took time out of your day just to be with us, and that's not lost on us. 00:28:15:11 - 00:28:17:00 Dr. Robert Winn So thank you so much. 00:28:17:02 - 00:28:23:00 Dr. Francis Collins It's been a privilege. Blessings on everything you all are doing to make the world a better place. Thank you sir. 00:28:23:03 - 00:28:26:08 Rudene Mercer Haynes Science. Faith. Truth. Trust. 00:28:26:10 - 00:28:29:02 Dr. Francis Collins There you go. 00:28:29:02 - 00:28:30:01 Rudene Mercer Haynes Thank you sir. Thank you. 00:28:30:03 - 00:28:33:17 Dr. Francis Collins All right. Bye now. Bye bye. Bye.