WEBVTT 00:00:12.359 --> 00:00:14.679 That means next week I'm going to have time to 00:00:14.679 --> 00:00:17.440 do a Let's Research Mama, which I'm very excited 00:00:17.440 --> 00:00:21.219 about. I think we should get into wind. You want 00:00:21.219 --> 00:00:23.620 to do wind? I want to do wind. I would really 00:00:23.620 --> 00:00:26.500 like to have a grasp on wind. We can do wind. 00:00:26.600 --> 00:00:29.679 I think a concept, this doesn't have to be in 00:00:29.679 --> 00:00:34.259 the actual pod, but a concept would be you do 00:00:34.259 --> 00:00:38.740 a Let's Research and then try to explain it to 00:00:38.740 --> 00:00:41.789 me and then vice versa. Okay. You know what I 00:00:41.789 --> 00:00:43.710 mean? So like next time I would do want to try 00:00:43.710 --> 00:00:46.850 to explain it to you from my research. OK. Knowing 00:00:46.850 --> 00:00:50.350 that we both didn't understand it to start. I 00:00:50.350 --> 00:00:52.829 love that. Yeah, I think we should do that. OK. 00:00:59.009 --> 00:01:02.649 Hi, I'm Travis, and this is Bestie Approved. 00:01:02.649 --> 00:01:05.629 And obviously I am not here with Emma because 00:01:05.629 --> 00:01:08.670 she's still out on her maternity break. but uh 00:01:08.670 --> 00:01:12.569 i do have a fun podcast friend his name is jeff 00:01:12.569 --> 00:01:16.909 zurich uh he's a literal scientist he is the 00:01:16.909 --> 00:01:19.269 host of whimsical wavelengths which is a science 00:01:19.269 --> 00:01:24.629 podcast and um he is someone who's here to help 00:01:24.629 --> 00:01:27.489 with a pay point who's been or that's been going 00:01:27.489 --> 00:01:31.489 on in mine and emma's lives for our entire lives 00:01:31.489 --> 00:01:35.890 um he's here to help us understand wind so um 00:01:35.890 --> 00:01:38.790 jeff and uh tell us a little bit about yourself 00:01:38.790 --> 00:01:43.870 um sure so uh here's your life story in 30 seconds 00:01:43.870 --> 00:01:47.969 go um i guess i was a fun loving kid in the fact 00:01:47.969 --> 00:01:50.609 that i grew up wanting to be essentially a scientist 00:01:50.609 --> 00:01:52.810 i was one of those weird kids that you know by 00:01:52.810 --> 00:01:54.709 grade four i'm like i want to be a volcanologist 00:01:54.709 --> 00:01:56.569 and was too stubborn to give up on the dream 00:01:57.319 --> 00:02:00.840 so i went and got a degree in geophysics and 00:02:00.840 --> 00:02:04.019 then volunteered at the hawaiian volcano observatory 00:02:04.019 --> 00:02:08.240 my grades were not super stellar they were good 00:02:08.240 --> 00:02:11.520 enough but i used that volunteer stint in hbo 00:02:11.520 --> 00:02:14.740 hawaiian volcano observatory looking at kilauea 00:02:14.740 --> 00:02:17.699 and poking lava with sticks to get myself into 00:02:17.699 --> 00:02:21.159 grad school where i got to go back to hawaii 00:02:21.159 --> 00:02:24.439 i studied hawaii masaya and nicaragua and some 00:02:24.439 --> 00:02:27.319 of the cascades and then i couldn't quite manage 00:02:27.319 --> 00:02:29.620 to parlay that into a professorship so now i 00:02:29.620 --> 00:02:33.020 work in industry and solve complex problems looking 00:02:33.020 --> 00:02:36.500 for shiny things under the ground There's the 00:02:36.500 --> 00:02:39.620 30 seconds. Go. I'll take it. I love that. That's 00:02:39.620 --> 00:02:41.699 awesome. I didn't mention the podcast, though, 00:02:41.740 --> 00:02:44.879 which is something that came about as I got a 00:02:44.879 --> 00:02:47.759 desk job instead of traveling Canada into the 00:02:47.759 --> 00:02:50.539 most remote places, hundreds of kilometers away 00:02:50.539 --> 00:02:53.000 from the nearest road and pressing buttons to 00:02:53.000 --> 00:02:55.919 find that shiny things. Now I have the free time 00:02:55.919 --> 00:02:58.379 to be a bit more of an academic and I started 00:02:58.379 --> 00:03:00.319 a podcast on the side. So it is certainly not 00:03:00.319 --> 00:03:03.120 my day job, but it is a passion project. that's 00:03:03.120 --> 00:03:05.639 awesome your podcast is actually super fun i 00:03:05.639 --> 00:03:09.379 uh so for context to your listener we uh met 00:03:09.379 --> 00:03:12.039 because of the podcast hosting service that we 00:03:12.039 --> 00:03:15.800 both work through um rss .com and i don't think 00:03:15.800 --> 00:03:20.979 we're sponsored but we please sponsor us um but 00:03:20.979 --> 00:03:24.460 i i like i took a listen to it and i was like 00:03:24.460 --> 00:03:27.199 oh this guy's fine like he's like he's interesting 00:03:27.199 --> 00:03:30.969 and like you're engaging and like so I am glad 00:03:30.969 --> 00:03:32.689 that you host the podcast because I think you 00:03:32.689 --> 00:03:36.969 do put a fun little spin on things that can seem 00:03:36.969 --> 00:03:42.069 a little dry and a little not engaging. My favorite 00:03:42.069 --> 00:03:44.669 episode was the one you had about Nikola Tesla. 00:03:45.030 --> 00:03:48.009 I just had an absolute time listening to that 00:03:48.009 --> 00:03:51.370 one. For sure, check out Jeff's podcast. It's 00:03:51.370 --> 00:03:55.229 so good. I'll put it in the show notes. Thanks. 00:03:56.639 --> 00:04:00.460 Of course. Before we kick it off, this is something 00:04:00.460 --> 00:04:02.659 we ask everyone. What is the last song you listened 00:04:02.659 --> 00:04:09.400 to? Yeah, it is Control -Alt -Delete with Ren 00:04:09.400 --> 00:04:11.900 and the Skinner Brothers. Yeah, I had to look 00:04:11.900 --> 00:04:13.840 up the second part because Ren is what everyone 00:04:13.840 --> 00:04:16.720 actually knows. Or if they listen to that type 00:04:16.720 --> 00:04:19.620 of music. Never heard of it, but I'll put it 00:04:19.620 --> 00:04:24.519 on the list. My last song was Fast by Demi Lovato. 00:04:25.050 --> 00:04:27.769 So she's really making a comeback and I'm so 00:04:27.769 --> 00:04:30.610 excited for her. I knew that whatever song I 00:04:30.610 --> 00:04:32.389 was going to bring to the table was going to 00:04:32.389 --> 00:04:35.589 be very different than everything else. I should 00:04:35.589 --> 00:04:39.449 really share. I'm such a nerd that if I had a 00:04:39.449 --> 00:04:41.370 theme song, it'd be Weird Al's White and Nerdy. 00:04:44.750 --> 00:04:53.329 That's great. Yeah, exactly. I'll take it. Cool. 00:04:55.449 --> 00:04:57.310 Let's let's just kick it off. I'll tell you what 00:04:57.310 --> 00:05:01.029 So I wrote a little I like I actually took this 00:05:01.029 --> 00:05:04.029 very seriously. So my idea for this episode was 00:05:04.029 --> 00:05:09.329 I so I've And then I have talked a lot about 00:05:09.329 --> 00:05:10.610 this in our personal lives and we've touched 00:05:10.610 --> 00:05:12.569 on it in the show But like something that like 00:05:12.569 --> 00:05:15.790 has genuinely perplexed us for our entire existence 00:05:15.790 --> 00:05:18.470 is how does wind work? Where does it come from? 00:05:18.550 --> 00:05:20.509 Like it sounds so stupid because I feel like 00:05:20.509 --> 00:05:22.069 it's something you learn in like fifth or sixth 00:05:22.069 --> 00:05:26.329 grade by We've genuinely never just been able 00:05:26.329 --> 00:05:29.230 to grasp that concept and I like when I saw that 00:05:29.230 --> 00:05:32.850 like we were in this same chat with With Jeff 00:05:32.850 --> 00:05:35.310 I was like he's a scientist like he's he's going 00:05:35.310 --> 00:05:37.569 to he's gonna get this and he's gonna he's gonna 00:05:37.569 --> 00:05:41.110 figure it out So I actually said let let me see 00:05:41.110 --> 00:05:43.529 if I can like get a grasp on it I'm gonna try 00:05:43.529 --> 00:05:47.910 and explain it and then You tell me how much 00:05:47.910 --> 00:05:52.160 I got right how much I got wrong so i'm just 00:05:52.160 --> 00:05:55.079 gonna kick it off um so we decided to do a little 00:05:55.079 --> 00:05:58.339 uh mama let's research and this man of science 00:05:58.339 --> 00:06:00.839 is gonna let us know if we breeze through this 00:06:00.839 --> 00:06:07.399 or if we're just blowing hot air um okay so as 00:06:07.399 --> 00:06:10.120 i was gonna mention just like you guys do the 00:06:10.120 --> 00:06:14.040 whole uh song bit at the beginning my podcast 00:06:14.040 --> 00:06:16.560 we do a science joke at the end so every time 00:06:16.560 --> 00:06:18.459 i interview someone they have to come with a 00:06:18.459 --> 00:06:20.000 science joke i let them know ahead of time i 00:06:20.000 --> 00:06:23.240 do not surprise them but um yeah the groanier 00:06:23.240 --> 00:06:27.959 the joke the better so i fully approve love it 00:06:27.959 --> 00:06:32.019 okay so we thought we or i i say we i wrote this 00:06:32.019 --> 00:06:36.139 when emma was still like we weren't sure when 00:06:36.139 --> 00:06:37.980 the baby was coming like we weren't sure if it 00:06:37.980 --> 00:06:40.399 was coming this early or not so every time i 00:06:40.399 --> 00:06:44.620 say we it's it's she did help with this um but 00:06:44.620 --> 00:06:46.519 that would be a good idea to start with some 00:06:46.519 --> 00:06:48.540 background information about where we started 00:06:48.540 --> 00:06:50.800 and what we were working with as far as foundational 00:06:50.800 --> 00:06:54.220 knowledge so I know that as a child with ADHD, 00:06:54.639 --> 00:06:57.160 little Travis didn't have it in him the day that 00:06:57.160 --> 00:06:59.420 we covered wind in science class at Triton Elementary 00:06:59.420 --> 00:07:02.740 School. So I know that I wrote this section before 00:07:02.740 --> 00:07:05.079 we started the research, and I thought it'd be 00:07:05.079 --> 00:07:06.899 a good idea to open up the Apple Weather app. 00:07:06.980 --> 00:07:10.139 And it says wind is currently six miles per hour 00:07:10.139 --> 00:07:12.759 from the north. I'm sorry, from the east northeast. 00:07:13.079 --> 00:07:15.860 And today, wind speeds are one to six miles per 00:07:15.860 --> 00:07:19.699 hour with gusts up to 11 miles per hour. A couple 00:07:19.699 --> 00:07:23.110 things. How do they know? like are they just 00:07:23.110 --> 00:07:24.870 like throwing something into the wind and then 00:07:24.870 --> 00:07:26.689 seeing how fast it goes like when it flies by 00:07:26.689 --> 00:07:29.870 them um when does it go from being wind to being 00:07:29.870 --> 00:07:33.550 a gust how do they know wind speed is basically 00:07:33.550 --> 00:07:36.529 going to double at some point in the day and 00:07:36.529 --> 00:07:38.990 east northeast is wildly specific because i didn't 00:07:38.990 --> 00:07:41.870 know that we got deeper than northeast or southwest 00:07:41.870 --> 00:07:48.329 but that's cool um okay uh and this brings up 00:07:48.329 --> 00:07:50.670 an important question for me where does wind 00:07:50.670 --> 00:07:52.709 start like if it's coming from the east northeast 00:07:52.709 --> 00:07:56.829 where is it coming from and when you get to that 00:07:56.829 --> 00:07:59.410 starting point is there like a point where you 00:07:59.410 --> 00:08:01.990 cross like a wind wall where there's no wind 00:08:01.990 --> 00:08:05.769 on the other side of it so like would it not 00:08:05.769 --> 00:08:08.470 theoretically be pulling wind in and then like 00:08:08.470 --> 00:08:12.379 creating like a vacuum effect um Dear listener, 00:08:12.519 --> 00:08:14.680 please know that I've spent hours of my life 00:08:14.680 --> 00:08:16.779 being screamed at by my papa and my uncle Jeff 00:08:16.779 --> 00:08:19.000 because I've gone my entire life believing that 00:08:19.000 --> 00:08:22.300 wind was the direct result of Earth's rotation 00:08:22.300 --> 00:08:25.160 speeding up a little faster than normal. And 00:08:25.160 --> 00:08:28.040 that's my background knowledge about wind. So 00:08:28.040 --> 00:08:35.200 I did a little bit of a deep dive. So these were 00:08:35.200 --> 00:08:37.789 the questions. that were sparked by the weather 00:08:37.789 --> 00:08:39.789 app. And like these felt like the right questions 00:08:39.789 --> 00:08:42.889 to answer. So what is wind? What causes it? And 00:08:42.889 --> 00:08:47.470 where does it come from? So wind is just the 00:08:47.470 --> 00:08:50.190 perceptible movement of air in a direction parallel 00:08:50.190 --> 00:08:52.549 to the ground considered as a general feature 00:08:52.549 --> 00:08:54.309 of the atmosphere. And that told me absolutely 00:08:54.309 --> 00:08:56.529 nothing. So I went to watch a Bill Nye the Science 00:08:56.529 --> 00:08:59.230 Guy video. And he explained that wind is caused 00:08:59.230 --> 00:09:01.629 by heat from the sun and the rotation of the 00:09:01.629 --> 00:09:04.750 earth. I might have been onto something with 00:09:04.750 --> 00:09:07.169 my original theory about like the rotation of 00:09:07.169 --> 00:09:10.809 the earth is what I originally thought. The sun 00:09:10.809 --> 00:09:13.570 heats up the land. The heat rises as a result 00:09:13.570 --> 00:09:19.210 of the land being like hot. So the heat obviously 00:09:19.210 --> 00:09:23.830 rises and that heat also goes up into the air. 00:09:24.269 --> 00:09:25.990 And then this is where Bill and I kind of lost 00:09:25.990 --> 00:09:27.789 me because the air molecules still weigh the 00:09:27.789 --> 00:09:30.009 same regardless of how close they are to each 00:09:30.009 --> 00:09:33.559 other. So that let's just stop right there. Because 00:09:33.559 --> 00:09:40.120 this is, I guess, a misconception. So what he's 00:09:40.120 --> 00:09:46.570 saying is density. Oh. So in other words, you're 00:09:46.570 --> 00:09:48.850 creating... He did say it, but he said it without 00:09:48.850 --> 00:09:50.750 using the word density. I actually went and watched 00:09:50.750 --> 00:09:53.690 that video this morning and I was like, I see 00:09:53.690 --> 00:09:56.669 why Travis has this in his notes. He's not combining 00:09:56.669 --> 00:09:59.009 the fact to say that the wind is taking up more 00:09:59.009 --> 00:10:03.090 volume so it weighs less into the understanding 00:10:03.090 --> 00:10:05.389 that you're actually decreasing the density of 00:10:05.389 --> 00:10:08.570 that volume of air. So it does weigh less. The 00:10:08.570 --> 00:10:11.929 individual molecules do not really change. And 00:10:11.929 --> 00:10:14.720 now, again... We'll come back to this as we get 00:10:14.720 --> 00:10:18.539 further on. But as science gets more and more 00:10:18.539 --> 00:10:21.659 into the weeds, you can get things more and more 00:10:21.659 --> 00:10:24.600 complex. But you can usually boil the simple 00:10:24.600 --> 00:10:26.659 things down to something simple. So as you increase 00:10:26.659 --> 00:10:29.679 the energy of something, you actually increase 00:10:29.679 --> 00:10:34.799 its mass, sort of. Got it. E equals mc squared. 00:10:34.940 --> 00:10:37.759 But again, you're going... deep into other things 00:10:37.759 --> 00:10:40.840 right but broadly speaking you heat air up the 00:10:40.840 --> 00:10:43.340 air molecules move apart from one another they 00:10:43.340 --> 00:10:46.840 become less dense and that volume of air then 00:10:46.840 --> 00:10:51.419 begins to rise okay okay that that helps that 00:10:51.419 --> 00:10:55.340 okay that helps so then after that the warmer 00:10:55.340 --> 00:10:58.259 air molecules get pushed up by the cold air and 00:10:58.259 --> 00:10:59.620 then i don't really know where the cold air is 00:10:59.620 --> 00:11:01.580 coming from but like now that i think about it 00:11:01.580 --> 00:11:03.240 i guess it's just already there because it's 00:11:03.240 --> 00:11:09.230 like colder Like higher up, I guess. In his diagram, 00:11:09.509 --> 00:11:13.470 he put a block of ice on one side and light shining 00:11:13.470 --> 00:11:16.169 on quote unquote land on the other side of his 00:11:16.169 --> 00:11:20.190 aquarium. Sure. He was making the idea that the 00:11:20.190 --> 00:11:22.549 poles, i .e. the North and South Pole, don't 00:11:22.549 --> 00:11:24.529 get as much sunlight. So that's like our block 00:11:24.529 --> 00:11:28.610 of ice. That's an oversimplification, but that's 00:11:28.610 --> 00:11:32.789 what he's doing in that regard. I'll take that. 00:11:33.120 --> 00:11:35.019 like i'll take the oversimplification because 00:11:35.019 --> 00:11:38.139 like that actually kind of like clicks yeah i 00:11:38.139 --> 00:11:40.620 mean it is true like it i'm not saying what he 00:11:40.620 --> 00:11:44.080 did is false it's not it's true it's just when 00:11:44.080 --> 00:11:46.480 you're trying to look at wind patterns and weather 00:11:46.480 --> 00:11:48.840 on a global phenomenon you're kind of like yes 00:11:48.840 --> 00:11:57.389 that is there but fair um and then oh okay so 00:11:57.389 --> 00:11:59.610 then he puts like a uh like he puts like what 00:11:59.610 --> 00:12:01.129 you're talking about the smoke inside of like 00:12:01.129 --> 00:12:04.070 an acrylic box and then like the smoke starts 00:12:04.070 --> 00:12:06.909 making a loop because like it's it's going around 00:12:06.909 --> 00:12:11.250 the heated so it's it's heated as it as it's 00:12:11.250 --> 00:12:14.450 rising or so it's heated it rises and then it 00:12:14.450 --> 00:12:18.110 goes past the cold air and the or the the uh 00:12:18.110 --> 00:12:20.429 ice block and then it cools down and then it 00:12:20.429 --> 00:12:22.210 comes back down because it's heavier and then 00:12:22.210 --> 00:12:24.350 like that's so it's kind of making a circle and 00:12:24.350 --> 00:12:25.970 then like the circle is where it started to click 00:12:25.970 --> 00:12:30.090 so um i guess i didn't know what you're looking 00:12:30.090 --> 00:12:34.549 for connection yeah convection oh i was like 00:12:34.549 --> 00:12:38.990 no i am making the connection obviously um and 00:12:38.990 --> 00:12:41.509 then so i guess i didn't understand that the 00:12:41.509 --> 00:12:45.169 cooler air like is coming up from above the warmer 00:12:45.169 --> 00:12:48.190 air so it's uh displacing the warm air and that's 00:12:48.190 --> 00:12:49.809 and it's heading towards the ground so like i 00:12:49.809 --> 00:12:51.409 think it's just like pushing it out of the way 00:12:51.409 --> 00:12:57.649 basically is that kind of yeah kind of okay it 00:12:57.649 --> 00:13:02.129 does work like that but that's not really yeah 00:13:02.129 --> 00:13:05.169 that again starts to get into some of the more 00:13:05.169 --> 00:13:09.350 nuance instead of the the basic underlying what 00:13:09.350 --> 00:13:12.659 we're trying to get at here gorgeous okay well 00:13:12.659 --> 00:13:14.559 i promise i'm almost at the end of mine so like 00:13:14.559 --> 00:13:17.159 you are no worries and i expect you to stop me 00:13:17.159 --> 00:13:19.620 and ask questions and stuff as we try to walk 00:13:19.620 --> 00:13:23.399 through certain things perfect because i'm like 00:13:23.399 --> 00:13:25.080 because i'm like saying this out loud now and 00:13:25.080 --> 00:13:26.940 i'm like oh i thought i had a grasp on this and 00:13:26.940 --> 00:13:28.700 i'm like wait this is why i don't understand 00:13:28.700 --> 00:13:32.960 but you do you do what you've written does the 00:13:32.960 --> 00:13:35.379 basics right the super basics and we can walk 00:13:35.379 --> 00:13:39.100 through and i think With my skills that are hopefully 00:13:39.100 --> 00:13:41.460 too terrible, we'll break it down even further 00:13:41.460 --> 00:13:43.360 so you'll completely understand it and you can 00:13:43.360 --> 00:13:45.600 start shouting at the weatherman like some people 00:13:45.600 --> 00:13:49.460 shout at referees. Gorgeous. So then Bill Nye 00:13:49.460 --> 00:13:52.080 goes on to explain that the earth is spinning. 00:13:52.179 --> 00:13:55.340 So the wind is spinning with the earth and that's 00:13:55.340 --> 00:13:57.580 why wind comes from all different directions 00:13:57.580 --> 00:14:00.960 because if the earth wasn't spinning, wind would 00:14:00.960 --> 00:14:04.940 just go north to south. And then the spinning 00:14:04.940 --> 00:14:08.139 is actually... didn't fully understand what he 00:14:08.139 --> 00:14:09.639 was talking about so like i googled this and 00:14:09.639 --> 00:14:11.899 then the spinning situation is actually called 00:14:11.899 --> 00:14:14.960 the coriolis effect and that's why wind is coming 00:14:14.960 --> 00:14:20.519 from different directions um so long and short 00:14:20.519 --> 00:14:22.779 of it the sun creates areas of high pressure 00:14:22.779 --> 00:14:25.679 which is cold dense air and then low pressure 00:14:25.679 --> 00:14:29.039 which is hot lighter um the wind is the cold 00:14:29.039 --> 00:14:31.580 dense air rushing aggressively to displace and 00:14:31.580 --> 00:14:35.330 push the hot light air out of the way and this 00:14:35.330 --> 00:14:37.389 is all happening while the earth is spinning 00:14:37.389 --> 00:14:43.610 so it's curving the wind's path yep okay generally 00:14:43.610 --> 00:14:46.429 like as like a first order yeah that's correct 00:14:46.429 --> 00:14:51.690 awesome and then you tell me where i uh either 00:14:51.690 --> 00:14:54.710 went wrong or went right and then you also told 00:14:54.710 --> 00:14:58.100 me that this either this has an impact on climate 00:14:58.100 --> 00:15:00.220 change or climate change has an impact on this 00:15:00.220 --> 00:15:02.799 i don't remember which but i would like again 00:15:02.799 --> 00:15:06.679 i was i was saying to you that i could make a 00:15:06.679 --> 00:15:09.980 link there um but again like a lot of things 00:15:09.980 --> 00:15:15.039 um science is nuanced it's it's very rarely yes 00:15:15.039 --> 00:15:19.059 no unless it's like does gravity exist um fair 00:15:19.059 --> 00:15:23.490 so We're going to start with the wind thing and 00:15:23.490 --> 00:15:25.029 we'll come back to that because I think we need 00:15:25.029 --> 00:15:27.350 to build a little bit more before I can really 00:15:27.350 --> 00:15:30.029 talk about climate change in this regard and 00:15:30.029 --> 00:15:35.250 why wind as a vehicle to talk about it is difficult. 00:15:35.950 --> 00:15:39.490 So first off, when we talk about wind, it's differences 00:15:39.490 --> 00:15:43.610 in pressure. So temperature is what creates most 00:15:43.610 --> 00:15:46.620 of the time the difference. Differences in pressure. 00:15:46.740 --> 00:15:48.480 So remember what we were just saying that as 00:15:48.480 --> 00:15:51.500 you heat air up, the molecules move further apart, 00:15:51.779 --> 00:15:54.460 the density decreases and it starts to rise. 00:15:54.919 --> 00:15:58.340 So you can imagine as air rises, what does that 00:15:58.340 --> 00:16:04.309 do to the pressure? Wait, what does it do? What 00:16:04.309 --> 00:16:07.169 is pressure? Pressure is like things that confine 00:16:07.169 --> 00:16:09.350 you, right? If you go underneath the water into 00:16:09.350 --> 00:16:11.210 a deeper, deeper into the pool, the pressure 00:16:11.210 --> 00:16:14.809 gets higher and higher. Okay. Okay. So it's going 00:16:14.809 --> 00:16:17.330 to like expand as it goes up. Yeah. So what does 00:16:17.330 --> 00:16:21.429 that do to pressure as it expands? Decreases 00:16:21.429 --> 00:16:24.389 it. Exactly. So it decreases pressure. So you're 00:16:24.389 --> 00:16:28.129 almost creating a low pressure system. So you 00:16:28.129 --> 00:16:31.539 can think of it a bit like. uh if we want to 00:16:31.539 --> 00:16:34.539 use a physics term potential energy everything 00:16:34.539 --> 00:16:37.360 wants to be at the lowest potential energy so 00:16:37.360 --> 00:16:40.860 all of a sudden you have cold air nearby and 00:16:40.860 --> 00:16:43.360 you have low pressure that cold air it's kind 00:16:43.360 --> 00:16:45.879 of like a bowl rolling down a hill it wants to 00:16:45.879 --> 00:16:47.779 go to the low pressure because it's heavier it's 00:16:47.779 --> 00:16:50.440 denser it flows towards the low pressure to the 00:16:50.440 --> 00:16:54.940 lowest potential energy okay so okay pressure 00:16:54.940 --> 00:16:58.539 differences are what causes wind the bigger the 00:16:58.539 --> 00:17:01.429 pressure difference the bigger or the stronger 00:17:01.429 --> 00:17:05.829 the wind. Okay. So that's where we need to start. 00:17:06.029 --> 00:17:07.789 And I think the better example, I'm going to 00:17:07.789 --> 00:17:12.150 try to use Bill Nye, the science guy's example, 00:17:12.369 --> 00:17:15.869 but put it into words. So we're instead visualizing 00:17:15.869 --> 00:17:18.750 something that we can all imagine as opposed 00:17:18.750 --> 00:17:21.930 to an acrylic box in a particular setup. Because 00:17:21.930 --> 00:17:25.269 I think this is something that everyone listening 00:17:25.269 --> 00:17:28.089 or viewing, if we are recording the video on 00:17:28.089 --> 00:17:30.630 this, is going to be able to think about in their 00:17:30.630 --> 00:17:32.970 head as opposed to our ham -fisted attempts at 00:17:32.970 --> 00:17:40.069 explaining somebody else's experiment uh so we've 00:17:40.069 --> 00:17:44.190 all been beside a lake or an ocean and on particularly 00:17:44.190 --> 00:17:48.470 i would say summer days hot summer days so usually 00:17:48.470 --> 00:17:51.230 that means we have something like a high pressure 00:17:51.230 --> 00:17:54.329 system the wind is relatively calm there's no 00:17:54.329 --> 00:17:58.660 big pressure gradients anywhere so what in the 00:17:58.660 --> 00:18:02.079 middle of the day where do you think the wind 00:18:02.079 --> 00:18:06.839 is coming from probably off of the lake because 00:18:06.839 --> 00:18:09.960 the lake would be a little bit cooler right that 00:18:09.960 --> 00:18:13.559 is a hundred percent correct oh okay use that 00:18:13.559 --> 00:18:17.440 and maybe given my explanation that i just gave 00:18:17.440 --> 00:18:23.920 you can explain why so the pressure is going 00:18:23.920 --> 00:18:26.680 to be higher at the lake because it is cooler 00:18:27.940 --> 00:18:30.900 So you've got air molecules who are looking to 00:18:30.900 --> 00:18:34.819 get away from the... But meanwhile, it's a sunny 00:18:34.819 --> 00:18:37.660 day. What's happening on land? It's much hotter 00:18:37.660 --> 00:18:41.660 on land. Which? So which is much less dense because 00:18:41.660 --> 00:18:43.400 there's much less pressure because it's hotter. 00:18:43.900 --> 00:18:48.680 Right. So it's less dense, lower pressure, and 00:18:48.680 --> 00:18:52.059 the dense, higher pressure air flows from the 00:18:52.059 --> 00:18:56.920 lake or the ocean towards land. Right. Now, at 00:18:56.920 --> 00:19:01.579 night, what happens? The land is going to get 00:19:01.579 --> 00:19:04.279 cooler. So it's probably going to go in the opposite 00:19:04.279 --> 00:19:07.319 direction. That's right. Because land, the water 00:19:07.319 --> 00:19:09.460 is going to stay warmer. It takes a lot of effort 00:19:09.460 --> 00:19:12.400 to cool that water. So it's going to stay warmer 00:19:12.400 --> 00:19:14.920 than the land in the middle of the night. And 00:19:14.920 --> 00:19:18.759 so the warm, warmer air will be over the water 00:19:18.759 --> 00:19:22.119 and the land will be cooler. And so you'll get 00:19:22.119 --> 00:19:26.849 a reverse. Okay. Okay. And this all assumes that 00:19:26.849 --> 00:19:28.509 you're in a high -pressure situation, so that 00:19:28.509 --> 00:19:32.529 way these light breezes can actually switch direction, 00:19:32.690 --> 00:19:36.329 right? Sure. Now, just to keep this in mind, 00:19:36.369 --> 00:19:38.349 we're talking about something that's very local. 00:19:38.730 --> 00:19:40.869 it has nothing to do with the corealis effect 00:19:40.869 --> 00:19:44.049 because it's on such a local scale so when we 00:19:44.049 --> 00:19:46.589 start talking about corealis effect and earth 00:19:46.589 --> 00:19:49.430 spinning it absolutely has an effect there's 00:19:49.430 --> 00:19:50.990 no question but we're really starting to talk 00:19:50.990 --> 00:19:54.529 large scale versus small scale and this example 00:19:54.529 --> 00:19:57.490 just kind of shows that wind can be affected 00:19:57.490 --> 00:20:02.369 by topography by water bodies and a number of 00:20:02.369 --> 00:20:05.130 different you even mentioned altitude so there's 00:20:05.130 --> 00:20:08.619 lots of examples of these sorts of things being 00:20:08.619 --> 00:20:13.460 created on a local scale okay so hopefully that 00:20:13.460 --> 00:20:16.420 all made sense no totally it absolutely did yeah 00:20:16.420 --> 00:20:21.220 no totally like this is actually great okay well 00:20:21.220 --> 00:20:24.640 we need to then before we get to the climate 00:20:24.640 --> 00:20:27.380 change thing is talk about something else that 00:20:27.380 --> 00:20:30.859 is a little bit more nuanced okay because it's 00:20:30.859 --> 00:20:36.019 not simply just heating and cooling okay We're 00:20:36.019 --> 00:20:39.559 going to talk about hurricanes. Okay. Do you 00:20:39.559 --> 00:20:42.000 have any idea what's required for a hurricane? 00:20:42.259 --> 00:20:46.220 Let's start there. Wind and water? Well, water 00:20:46.220 --> 00:20:48.660 is yes. Wind is something that kind of builds, 00:20:48.779 --> 00:20:50.599 that becomes part of the hurricane. But why do 00:20:50.599 --> 00:20:55.259 hurricanes form? Got into my head. I couldn't 00:20:55.259 --> 00:20:58.539 tell you. I bet you. I bet you I can pull something 00:20:58.539 --> 00:21:00.940 out of you. So when do hurricanes happen in the 00:21:00.940 --> 00:21:06.470 Atlantic Basin? It's like a... early spring situation 00:21:06.470 --> 00:21:09.650 right that's kind it's kind of late spring is 00:21:09.650 --> 00:21:14.210 the start so and it goes through oh november 00:21:14.210 --> 00:21:16.369 1st if i remember correctly don't quote me on 00:21:16.369 --> 00:21:18.029 that it might be december 1st but i think it's 00:21:18.029 --> 00:21:22.569 november 1st so what it's over the summer okay 00:21:22.569 --> 00:21:25.910 so where the land is heating up so you've got 00:21:25.910 --> 00:21:29.430 significant amounts of water that are like in 00:21:29.430 --> 00:21:32.650 air that are being pulled from The ocean, which 00:21:32.650 --> 00:21:35.450 is no. Okay. No, the big thing you need is warm 00:21:35.450 --> 00:21:40.450 water. Okay. You have to have water. That's I'm 00:21:40.450 --> 00:21:42.450 sorry. I don't speak in Fahrenheit. I'm above 00:21:42.450 --> 00:21:46.450 26 degrees Celsius. So what is that? Like 80, 00:21:46.549 --> 00:21:52.309 80, 80 ish. Yeah. Fahrenheit. So you need warm 00:21:52.309 --> 00:21:56.690 water. Okay. One of the things that is lighter 00:21:56.690 --> 00:22:01.920 than the air at the bottom is water vapor. So 00:22:01.920 --> 00:22:05.940 as you evaporate water, it's less dense than 00:22:05.940 --> 00:22:10.779 air and it begins to rise. Now you have a pressure 00:22:10.779 --> 00:22:13.039 differential because all of a sudden our air 00:22:13.039 --> 00:22:17.279 is going up. Other air has to come in. As that 00:22:17.279 --> 00:22:20.559 air goes up, it's water vapor. It starts to condense 00:22:20.559 --> 00:22:23.240 as it reaches the higher part of the atmosphere. 00:22:24.099 --> 00:22:28.400 That process is also a thermal process. When 00:22:28.400 --> 00:22:32.490 things condense, it releases energy. Okay. As 00:22:32.490 --> 00:22:34.950 it releases energy, it heats the atmosphere. 00:22:35.349 --> 00:22:38.910 That atmosphere up top then becomes less dense. 00:22:39.690 --> 00:22:42.430 So it's low pressure because it's condensing. 00:22:42.450 --> 00:22:45.250 So it sucks up more water or more water vapor 00:22:45.250 --> 00:22:49.130 from the bottom. Got it. Okay. It's like an engine, 00:22:49.210 --> 00:22:50.970 if you want to think of it that way. Because 00:22:50.970 --> 00:22:53.710 you need the warm water, the warm, hot, humid 00:22:53.710 --> 00:22:57.210 water to be able to create this engine of constantly 00:22:57.210 --> 00:23:01.450 bringing... the water vapor up into the atmosphere. 00:23:02.210 --> 00:23:04.970 Okay. So without that, you're never going to 00:23:04.970 --> 00:23:08.029 get a hurricane. And now you have this huge pressure 00:23:08.029 --> 00:23:10.849 differential, right? You keep building and building 00:23:10.849 --> 00:23:12.589 and building and building and building and building, 00:23:12.630 --> 00:23:14.609 and you have this huge low right in the center, 00:23:14.730 --> 00:23:17.789 centered over the eyewall. And then the wind 00:23:17.789 --> 00:23:20.430 field is just the difference in pressure from 00:23:20.430 --> 00:23:27.569 there to the outside of the storm. Okay. Okay. 00:23:28.300 --> 00:23:30.220 Because you need differences in pressure. So 00:23:30.220 --> 00:23:31.759 if you ever look on a weather map and look at 00:23:31.759 --> 00:23:34.180 these hurricanes, they're just like these bullseyes, 00:23:34.200 --> 00:23:36.220 right? And even if you look at the pressure, 00:23:36.319 --> 00:23:38.500 specifically the pressure, and if you've ever 00:23:38.500 --> 00:23:41.480 looked at a topographic map, although I have 00:23:41.480 --> 00:23:44.089 a feeling that we're almost... too old my kids 00:23:44.089 --> 00:23:46.549 are like what's the topographic map but um the 00:23:46.549 --> 00:23:49.309 topographic map i know i know you do but i mean 00:23:49.309 --> 00:23:51.529 there's like at some point it all becomes um 00:23:51.529 --> 00:23:55.809 google satellite imagery right fair yeah no one 00:23:55.809 --> 00:23:57.390 knows how to use the topographic map anymore 00:23:57.390 --> 00:24:01.029 at any rate so if you look at the contours of 00:24:01.029 --> 00:24:03.210 the pressure you're just going to see this deepening 00:24:03.210 --> 00:24:07.109 well um around these hurricanes and it's that 00:24:07.109 --> 00:24:09.589 pressure difference from the outside to the inside 00:24:09.589 --> 00:24:12.960 that's just creating the wind right as wind whips 00:24:12.960 --> 00:24:16.819 around trying to get to you can think of it as 00:24:16.819 --> 00:24:23.299 again potential energy sure okay so uh one thing 00:24:23.299 --> 00:24:25.259 thing now this is where it gets a little more 00:24:25.259 --> 00:24:28.460 tricky if i go from hurricanes and big storms 00:24:28.460 --> 00:24:31.160 and wind in general and trying to get it to climate 00:24:31.160 --> 00:24:35.220 change the models and the science are nuanced 00:24:35.220 --> 00:24:37.440 in some areas wind will actually become less 00:24:37.440 --> 00:24:39.799 in some areas wind will become a little bit more 00:24:39.799 --> 00:24:45.059 when we start talking about hurricanes the climate 00:24:45.059 --> 00:24:48.420 change may actually decrease the number of hurricanes 00:24:48.420 --> 00:24:52.759 and i see may because we're doing forward looking, 00:24:52.940 --> 00:24:55.039 right? We're not taking an observation of today 00:24:55.039 --> 00:24:57.359 and going, yes, this is the physics and everything 00:24:57.359 --> 00:25:00.059 works out. We're like, if we understand the dynamics 00:25:00.059 --> 00:25:03.539 of our atmosphere due to increases in warming, 00:25:03.680 --> 00:25:05.819 due to our greenhouse gas emissions, et cetera, 00:25:05.920 --> 00:25:09.400 then we think it's going to increase wind shear. 00:25:10.119 --> 00:25:13.279 Yes, I'm throwing out more terms and I already 00:25:13.279 --> 00:25:15.059 see you going, okay, how do I place this and 00:25:15.059 --> 00:25:20.380 everything else? But if... Our hurricane has 00:25:20.380 --> 00:25:26.059 everything moving up, creating the load pressure 00:25:26.059 --> 00:25:28.819 at the top and sucking up more and more and more. 00:25:29.460 --> 00:25:32.480 If we take wind shear, that's like pushing at 00:25:32.480 --> 00:25:36.400 the top of that whole heat engine. Okay. Okay. 00:25:36.819 --> 00:25:39.180 So if you're pushing at the top, you're going 00:25:39.180 --> 00:25:41.920 to smear out that heat engine. You're going to 00:25:41.920 --> 00:25:43.980 disrupt it. You're actually going to knock off 00:25:43.980 --> 00:25:45.880 the cloud tops because you're going to move them 00:25:45.880 --> 00:25:49.349 and you're disrupting it so it can't form. you 00:25:49.349 --> 00:25:54.849 can't get this runaway effect of I see the ah 00:25:54.849 --> 00:25:58.069 in your mouth there for those who are not watching 00:25:58.069 --> 00:26:02.769 so so as you knock off the top you're disrupting 00:26:02.769 --> 00:26:04.529 that heat engine and you're going to cause the 00:26:04.529 --> 00:26:06.349 hurricane if it's already formed to start to 00:26:06.349 --> 00:26:09.089 fall apart because you're disrupting it the other 00:26:09.089 --> 00:26:11.049 way you can disrupt a hurricane is cool the water 00:26:11.049 --> 00:26:13.710 beneath it or have it go over land because now 00:26:13.710 --> 00:26:16.589 it's losing its engine source so the same idea 00:26:17.180 --> 00:26:19.200 to both of those situations is having lots of 00:26:19.200 --> 00:26:22.579 vertical or wind shear changing, being able to 00:26:22.579 --> 00:26:26.339 knock off those storm tops. And we think climate 00:26:26.339 --> 00:26:29.039 change is actually going to increase this kind 00:26:29.039 --> 00:26:32.240 of shear. However, it's also going to increase 00:26:32.240 --> 00:26:36.279 the temperature of the water. So the prevailing 00:26:36.279 --> 00:26:40.319 theory or idea is that we may probably will get 00:26:40.319 --> 00:26:42.380 a fewer number of hurricanes in the Atlantic 00:26:42.380 --> 00:26:45.000 Basin. Specifically, I'm talking about the Atlantic 00:26:45.000 --> 00:26:48.279 Basin. I'm not talking about the Pacific or across 00:26:48.279 --> 00:26:50.420 the Pacific when we start talking about typhoons. 00:26:50.440 --> 00:26:52.220 I'm really talking about the Atlantic Basin here. 00:26:52.700 --> 00:26:56.579 We'll get an increase in shear winds, reducing 00:26:56.579 --> 00:26:59.119 the number of hurricanes, but we're also going 00:26:59.119 --> 00:27:01.960 to have warmer water. So when the conditions 00:27:01.960 --> 00:27:04.200 are conducive to create this heat engine, to 00:27:04.200 --> 00:27:07.119 have this flare up, the hurricanes are going 00:27:07.119 --> 00:27:11.799 to be stronger. Okay, so like... Not as often, 00:27:11.900 --> 00:27:15.299 but much more intense when they do happen. Yeah. 00:27:15.799 --> 00:27:18.079 Okay. Okay. And that fits with the general theme 00:27:18.079 --> 00:27:19.759 when we start looking at other things as well. 00:27:19.859 --> 00:27:23.240 Like we talk about weather extremes as opposed 00:27:23.240 --> 00:27:27.000 to specific like trends, right? We're going to 00:27:27.000 --> 00:27:30.420 see more extremes, more droughts, more flooding, 00:27:30.500 --> 00:27:32.960 and not necessarily on a daily basis. It's just 00:27:32.960 --> 00:27:35.839 when these events happen, they're going to be 00:27:35.839 --> 00:27:39.529 more extreme. Okay. And that goes right across 00:27:39.529 --> 00:27:44.569 from storm systems to heat, to rain, even to 00:27:44.569 --> 00:27:48.470 snow. Because disruptions in that whole wind 00:27:48.470 --> 00:27:50.730 field and the temperature differential between 00:27:50.730 --> 00:27:55.609 our North Pole and the equator can cause a destabilization 00:27:55.609 --> 00:27:58.589 or, wow, words, so tough, 8 o 'clock in the morning, 00:27:59.049 --> 00:28:03.130 destabilizes the weather patterns in the Arctic 00:28:03.130 --> 00:28:06.549 and can cause the... polar vortex to come further 00:28:06.549 --> 00:28:09.210 south than it normally does as well, which can 00:28:09.210 --> 00:28:13.190 create really nasty cold snaps and crazy snowstorms 00:28:13.190 --> 00:28:18.069 in northern Texas and Florida. So it's more than 00:28:18.069 --> 00:28:21.809 just a heating. It's a destabilization. And when 00:28:21.809 --> 00:28:24.650 this destabilization happens to our weather patterns, 00:28:24.750 --> 00:28:26.970 it's going to create extremes and wacky weather. 00:28:27.089 --> 00:28:30.430 And they will happen more often under climate 00:28:30.430 --> 00:28:35.509 change than they would otherwise. got it okay 00:28:35.509 --> 00:28:39.450 which is kind of why we need to do something 00:28:39.450 --> 00:28:42.549 we should do something and i so i don't know 00:28:42.549 --> 00:28:47.009 what to do but i feel like you probably have 00:28:47.009 --> 00:28:52.190 a tip because i recycle and like i don't i don't 00:28:52.190 --> 00:28:54.109 run my heat constantly but like i don't know 00:28:54.109 --> 00:28:57.009 what else to do well this is what it comes down 00:28:57.009 --> 00:29:00.890 to right is that you can't i get really frustrated 00:29:00.890 --> 00:29:03.789 with people blaming other people who are living 00:29:03.789 --> 00:29:06.730 in society it's like i have to blame someone 00:29:06.730 --> 00:29:10.609 for dealing with the system that exists like 00:29:10.609 --> 00:29:12.829 that's just crazy you have a car you need to 00:29:12.829 --> 00:29:14.730 get to work let's not shame somebody because 00:29:14.730 --> 00:29:17.789 they have a car like that's ridiculous but there 00:29:17.789 --> 00:29:20.450 are things that we need to do as voters in a 00:29:20.450 --> 00:29:24.069 democracy where we can start choosing or forcing 00:29:24.069 --> 00:29:26.529 our politicians regardless of stripe or partisan 00:29:26.529 --> 00:29:28.869 politics that we need to move in certain directions 00:29:28.869 --> 00:29:32.789 like that's they will move if people ask them 00:29:32.789 --> 00:29:36.609 to because that's what their job is and so things 00:29:36.609 --> 00:29:41.650 like moving towards electric cars moving towards 00:29:41.650 --> 00:29:48.539 uh i mean for all its talk um both in canada 00:29:48.539 --> 00:29:52.319 which is where i'm from canadiany um the alberta 00:29:52.319 --> 00:29:55.420 and you know texas they're the oil capitals of 00:29:55.420 --> 00:29:57.759 north america and our respective countries but 00:29:57.759 --> 00:30:00.259 yet they are the leaders when it comes to solar 00:30:00.259 --> 00:30:03.200 and wind yeah because the economics are there 00:30:03.200 --> 00:30:09.279 right solar is cheaper than coal in general i 00:30:09.279 --> 00:30:13.079 mean yeah it takes more time to build up the 00:30:13.079 --> 00:30:18.180 the capacity of solar but what for what solar 00:30:18.180 --> 00:30:22.099 is cheaper. And so we're getting to a point where 00:30:22.099 --> 00:30:24.960 the system as a whole is starting to make a switch. 00:30:25.160 --> 00:30:28.920 And so we just need to help that along as individuals. 00:30:29.000 --> 00:30:32.599 I'm not talking about forgoing a vacation necessarily. 00:30:33.000 --> 00:30:36.220 It's about changing just the whole system, changing 00:30:36.220 --> 00:30:39.400 short plane rides eventually need to become electric 00:30:39.400 --> 00:30:42.319 instead of jet fuel. Long plane rides will probably 00:30:42.319 --> 00:30:45.579 always use jet fuel because it just is what it 00:30:45.579 --> 00:30:48.250 is. You need enough energy. yeah you run into 00:30:48.250 --> 00:30:52.170 a physical limitation for sure yeah right cool 00:30:52.170 --> 00:30:57.630 so that helps that helps a lot like first of 00:30:57.630 --> 00:31:00.450 all a thank you for helping me understand wind 00:31:00.450 --> 00:31:06.490 b thank you for kind of i guess putting it all 00:31:06.490 --> 00:31:08.369 together and like in a bigger context because 00:31:08.369 --> 00:31:12.240 like i think I didn't come into this thinking 00:31:12.240 --> 00:31:13.559 like, oh, we're going to we're going to walk 00:31:13.559 --> 00:31:15.960 away from it thinking, hey, this is something 00:31:15.960 --> 00:31:18.359 that like actually does matter in the grand scheme 00:31:18.359 --> 00:31:20.700 of things where this will impact people's lives. 00:31:20.759 --> 00:31:23.039 This will I don't like I mean, I think back to 00:31:23.039 --> 00:31:25.920 like Hurricane Katrina, where like New Orleans 00:31:25.920 --> 00:31:28.000 and like parts of Louisiana are still dealing 00:31:28.000 --> 00:31:31.200 with that situation. So I would like to avoid 00:31:31.200 --> 00:31:33.539 that on a societal level as much as possible. 00:31:33.819 --> 00:31:38.519 So understanding the like impacts of what we're 00:31:38.519 --> 00:31:43.000 doing everywhere. And how that like that paints 00:31:43.000 --> 00:31:47.599 the bigger picture is super helpful. And last 00:31:47.599 --> 00:31:51.740 thing, I think there's like something that this 00:31:51.740 --> 00:31:53.859 has been a theme in my life lately where I've 00:31:53.859 --> 00:31:56.240 talked to like I've been I think on the receiving 00:31:56.240 --> 00:31:59.099 end of like where I am with you right now, like 00:31:59.099 --> 00:32:01.240 I'm the roles have been reversed a little bit 00:32:01.240 --> 00:32:03.960 where I've been explaining like financial models 00:32:03.960 --> 00:32:06.720 or like something to someone like on a on a business 00:32:06.720 --> 00:32:12.140 perspective. And I think there's a perception 00:32:12.140 --> 00:32:14.220 where like when someone knows something that 00:32:14.220 --> 00:32:17.759 you don't, that you're immediately stupid. And 00:32:17.759 --> 00:32:20.079 I appreciate you not making me feel stupid for 00:32:20.079 --> 00:32:24.359 not understanding wind. Oh my gosh. What is it? 00:32:24.759 --> 00:32:27.599 I have been in the game long enough to know what 00:32:27.599 --> 00:32:31.960 I don't know. And it's a lot. Oh my goodness. 00:32:33.559 --> 00:32:36.859 It would be so hypocritical of me to take that 00:32:36.859 --> 00:32:41.700 tact. Like. And quite frankly, I have a podcast 00:32:41.700 --> 00:32:44.940 about science communication. I mean, there's 00:32:44.940 --> 00:32:49.519 so much to learn in the world today. And it's, 00:32:49.519 --> 00:32:52.819 I don't want, I want people to stay curious. 00:32:52.859 --> 00:32:55.380 I want people to be engaged. I want people to 00:32:55.380 --> 00:32:59.339 learn. I don't want to make Idiocracy, the movie, 00:32:59.539 --> 00:33:04.960 you know, become a reality. So, yeah, of course. 00:33:04.960 --> 00:33:07.680 And I love the chance to go on your show here 00:33:07.680 --> 00:33:11.660 and be able to opine about science in general. 00:33:11.720 --> 00:33:14.440 It's a lot of fun. It's I mean, I started a podcast 00:33:14.440 --> 00:33:17.099 that I like to sound in my own voice. I mean, 00:33:17.099 --> 00:33:20.599 what? It's just it's too bad that I didn't get 00:33:20.599 --> 00:33:22.539 to meet the other half of this podcast right 00:33:22.539 --> 00:33:25.859 here and now. And maybe there'll be another opportunity 00:33:25.859 --> 00:33:29.660 in the future. There absolutely will be. You've 00:33:29.660 --> 00:33:32.119 been. so amazing so helpful i know this is a 00:33:32.119 --> 00:33:34.880 much shorter episode than normal um i'm still 00:33:34.880 --> 00:33:36.539 trying to figure out like what the footing looks 00:33:36.539 --> 00:33:39.279 like this is for the listener like this i'm still 00:33:39.279 --> 00:33:40.740 trying to figure out what it looks like until 00:33:40.740 --> 00:33:42.940 emma comes back and realistically probably like 00:33:42.940 --> 00:33:46.640 february um so sorry that we didn't have a reality 00:33:46.640 --> 00:33:48.859 roundup today i can't imagine that jeff prepared 00:33:48.859 --> 00:33:50.500 by watching the real housewives of salt lake 00:33:50.500 --> 00:33:54.359 city last night but no that's not really my cup 00:33:54.359 --> 00:33:57.849 of tea And that's okay because science is not 00:33:57.849 --> 00:34:02.170 mine. But no, you can come back on literally 00:34:02.170 --> 00:34:04.490 anytime you want. And I'm sure when Emma hears 00:34:04.490 --> 00:34:06.309 this, she's going to be furious that I did this 00:34:06.309 --> 00:34:09.230 without her. But we'll cross that bridge together 00:34:09.230 --> 00:34:10.590 because I'm sure there's something else about 00:34:10.590 --> 00:34:12.389 science that we don't understand. But thank you 00:34:12.389 --> 00:34:14.170 so much for being here, Jeff. Tell the people 00:34:14.170 --> 00:34:17.070 where they can find you. They can find me on 00:34:17.070 --> 00:34:19.750 Facebook, Instagram, and Blue Sky at Whimsical 00:34:19.750 --> 00:34:22.889 Wavelengths. The podcast is Whimsical Wavelengths, 00:34:22.889 --> 00:34:25.909 a science podcast. I'm always looking for new 00:34:25.909 --> 00:34:30.829 show ideas and just poke me on Instagram or Facebook. 00:34:30.909 --> 00:34:33.429 So that way I'm not talking into the void. The 00:34:33.429 --> 00:34:37.590 more interaction, the better. Awesome. I'll put 00:34:37.590 --> 00:34:41.369 your episode or your show in my show notes. But 00:34:41.369 --> 00:34:44.349 go listen to it for real. Like, it's super interesting. 00:34:44.530 --> 00:34:48.849 You'll have an absolute time. But from Indy to 00:34:48.849 --> 00:34:52.329 Alberta to wherever you are, we love you. And 00:34:52.329 --> 00:34:55.199 thank you for listening. Thank you.