WEBVTT

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So I didn't know what to label this particular

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set of episodes. It's going to be just random

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episodes that have to do with college -related

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things that center on mostly students' questions

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that have been asked. millions of times over

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the years. So I'm starting off with one that

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I get actually quite often, which is what major

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should I pick? This seems to be a big question

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when you get into college. And before, I would

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usually just tell students, you should just pick

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a major that actually is meaningful for you,

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something you really enjoy, because that way

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you're actually going to do the best on those

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subjects, and your degree doesn't really matter.

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I think now having a little bit more awareness

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and having learned a lot more, I can give at

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least a little bit more of a nuanced view on

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exactly this question of what major to pick.

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Okay. So. First off, I think that the picking

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of a major makes a big difference for specific

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fields. It's a very narrow few set of fields,

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right? But for areas like, for instance, engineering,

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where usually you're going to get a job right

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off the bat and has to be a specific engineering

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degree that's required for a job. You know, in

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those cases, picking the major matters quite

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a bit. Right. But usually what I found is that

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engineers like they know that they want to be

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an engineer. They sign up for it early on. In

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fact, most colleges, they require a separate

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application process for engineering students.

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You know, and it's going to be similar with,

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for instance, the fine arts. Right. In the fine

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arts, you need to have developed a certain degree

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of talent before you even get into the college

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for that particular degree. So you usually have

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to audition or you have to present a portfolio,

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right? So if you apply to like an art school,

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you're going to have to have some things already

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ready made to go. And in those cases, the major

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does make a difference because you're on a very

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specialized track, okay? But for everything else...

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I think the major really doesn't make a huge

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difference, okay? And I want to kind of present

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a nuanced view on this because I know that there

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is at least some difference between some of these

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majors, but I'm going to explain exactly what

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the difference would be, okay? All right. So

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first off, let's be clear, okay? If you want

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to go to graduate school, if you want to go into

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further specialization into some area, like for

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instance, you want to go into medical school,

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you want to get a PhD in literature, for instance,

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okay? All right. You're trying to specialize

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in a very particular area. You should already

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have developed certain skills before you apply

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for these more advanced degrees. And a lot of

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them come with certain course requirements. They're

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usually not major requirements. They're usually

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course requirements. And I stress the distinction

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here for a reason, right? You could actually

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be like an English major and go to med school.

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As long as you took all the prerequisite med

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school courses, right? There's a certain set

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of courses that medical school requires you to

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have completed. Basic math, physics, chemistry,

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biology classes, some upper division classes.

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And you have to get a certain, you know, kind

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of high grades on those areas. As well as, you

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know, take the MCAT. These are all requirements

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of... get applying applying to medical school

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nursing school I think might have some requirements

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like basically if you want to go get a degree

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beyond your bachelor degree then your major could

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matter to some degree because a lot of times

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it overlaps with these requirements but I'm pointing

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out that it's not actually necessary you don't

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need to actually major in a particular science

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subject in order to apply to these things you

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don't need to major in necessarily to get into

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a philosophy PhD program. But there might be

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certain course requirements where you might think

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it economical to just major in it anyway since

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you're going to be needing to take those courses

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for the advanced degree you're going after. So

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even there, you don't need to necessarily major

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in anything in particular. So then what does

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picking the major really come down to? Should

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I just pick whatever I want to, whatever that

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I'm interested in? And the truth of the matter

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is yes. And the reason I say yes, I think, and

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that I know that a lot of students say it doesn't

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feel helpful, is I think that it's not really

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addressing the core issue when students are asking

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this question. I think at the heart of it is

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that a lot of students just have a deep misconception

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about what a bachelor degree does, what it's

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for, how it's viewed in the outside world, right?

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So let me be clear about something, okay? A bachelor

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degree at a four -year college, right? does not

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actually teach you any vocational skills. Again,

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with the exception of these very narrow areas,

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right? So I'm talking engineering and like the

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fine arts. You're not developing some particular

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skill for a particular job. That's not what you're

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doing. And in fact, your degree doesn't represent

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that, okay? Your degree doesn't represent it.

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When you go out with a bachelor's degree in a

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particular major, it doesn't actually tell the

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world like, hey. I am ready to do work in this

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particular area. No, you're not, okay? No, you're

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not. What you need is actual work experience,

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right? And in fact, a lot of the things you learn

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about how to do a job, it's called on -the -job

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training, right? You learn how to do it for the

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particular job at a particular company on the

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job, like the first few weeks, months, even the

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first few years possibly of being on that job,

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you know, is you getting trained to do that job

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well. That's what it is, right? So it's not a

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trade school. You're not learning a particular

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skill set that is supposed to translate into

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the work arena, okay? What your degree actually

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represents is your ability to learn and to be

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dedicated, to be consistent, to manage time,

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to do all the things that getting a degree indicates

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for an employer, okay? That's what it tells you.

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Your readiness for a particular job. is indicated

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by work experience, right? So if you actually,

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like a lot of students come out of college and

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they're like, I can't get a job because all these

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places are demanding that I have some work experience,

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but I don't have any work experience. I just

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have my degree, but I thought that would be enough

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to indicate that I know how to do it. Well, employers

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know that having a degree doesn't mean shit.

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It doesn't mean that you can do the job. It just

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means that you can learn possibly to do the job,

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but it doesn't have, it's not a track record

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for you having done a similar job or knowing

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how to do the job, right? And it would be arrogant

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for you to think so, because you haven't had

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that sort of experience. What you need is work

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experience. This is part of the reason that it's

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important in college to not focus so much on

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the major, but focus rather instead, if you're

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planning on going into the workforce right after,

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to get your work experience up, right? Whether

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it's through internships, whether it's through

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various volunteering opportunities, some hands

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-on experience in the particular field you want

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to work in. so that you can demonstrate to an

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employer, like, hey, I have experience doing

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this particular job. Your degree only tells them

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that you could be reliable, right? If you finish

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a degree, that means that you were able to dedicate,

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you know, four years of your life or more to

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studying, to making sure that you complete all

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the assigned tasks, that you could follow directions.

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That's what it tells the employer. It doesn't

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tell you you can do the job necessarily. but

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your work experience would. So you should focus

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on those areas, the things that actually are

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real -life work experiences to translate over

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to something like a job, okay? The major doesn't

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really matter, okay? Now, that said, that said,

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I want to be clear about something, okay? Different

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majors train different skills, okay? Let me repeat

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that real quick so that it really sinks in, okay?

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Different majors... train different skills and

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do so to varying degrees okay um let me kind

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of explain exactly what i mean right ideally

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your college education should have consisted

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of sufficient general education that you know

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how to do the basic reading writing and critical

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thinking skills but beyond that each major trains

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you in a different way of thinking about the

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world I'll give you some examples here, right?

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So for instance, in philosophy, we're very big

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on logic and in writing in a very particular

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way where it's clear, concise, accurate, direct,

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able to make subtle distinctions, able to explain

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big picture ideas, complex abstract ideas. And

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that's what you'll be trained to do because that's

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what the subject matter is. That's what we deal

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with, right? And your writing and reading skills

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will be particularly sharp because that's what

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you're trained well to do, okay? It's going to

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be a little different for, let's say, somebody

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who is studying history, where they're probably

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going to be much better in terms of telling a

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story, a narrative, especially one that is rooted

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in historical context. analyzing historical texts,

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right? Unless you did a lot of that in philosophy,

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you're not going to be trained as well as somebody

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who studied history. And then you're probably

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going to be really well trained in seeing bigger

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long -term intergenerational picture, how the

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past impacts the present, right? You're going

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to be able to kind of see these things a little

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bit more clearly with the background knowledge,

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but also with the training that you receive,

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okay? And that's going to be very different than

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somebody who studies chemistry. who is probably

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going to be focused on very particular systems,

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rules, laws, application maybe. It depends on

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what area of chemistry you're going into. You're

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going to be trained in being very detail -oriented

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because it matters. Analytic skills, you're probably

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going to develop quite a bit. And that's going

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to be, again, different than somebody who studies

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psychology, who has a deeper understanding of

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human nature, about what makes people tick. Because

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that's the area of your focus, you're going to

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be more focused on developing the skill to being

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able to understand people as opposed to maybe

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systems of governance or something. In other

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words, what I'm saying is this. Depending on

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your major, you're going to be better trained

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in certain areas. you're going to be better prepared

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for certain ways of working. Okay. So if you

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know that you want to do a certain type of work,

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then it would be helpful for you to find a major

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that trains you well in that type of work. Okay.

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Now, again, like I said, ideally, all majors

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have enough of everything. And well, along with

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your general education requirements, you should

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have received training across the board so that

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you're going to be able to learn all whatever

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it is that you like you're skilled in all these

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areas right that's ideally okay but the reality

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is that some of these areas are just better at

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it than others okay and it's not because there's

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you know there's a major that's quote -unquote

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objectively better than another major in training

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students no it's just that each major deals with

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different topics and they approach it in a different

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way and as a result depending on what major you

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do you're going to be better trained in the way

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that it's done in that particular major okay

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So then should this make a difference in terms

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of picking out your major? Well, I'm guessing

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not. And the reason I say not is that, look,

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if you're drawn to a particular topic, you're

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probably also going to be drawn to the way in

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which the thinkers think with regards to that

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in that particular field. And that's probably

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also correlated with the kind of work that you

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want to do, right? Like you're drawn to what

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you're drawn to for a reason. And that's probably

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what you're going to still be drawn to when you're

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looking for work. OK, so it's going to be weird

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to try to cater your major for a specific goal

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that's different than something you're already

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kind of drawn to. Like that feels a little strange.

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So this is part of the reason that I always tell

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students, like, go with what you actually enjoy

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learning and try to be the best at that. Because

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I think what you'll end up finding is that you

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were drawn to that subject for a reason. You

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were trained in that field of study. And that

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has helped you develop a certain set of skills

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that will translate into areas that you want

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to go into that are good for those things, right?

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You need to understand it in this way because

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I think it does a couple of things. It allows

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you to, A, identify your strengths because then

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you realize like, hey, my being drawn to this

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major and studying this particular major has

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helped me develop a certain set of skills that

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translate over well with certain types of work.

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not in a particular field necessarily, but like

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certain type of work, right? Whether it's like

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data analysis type of work where you're, you

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know, analyzing like a bunch of numbers or whether

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it's your being able to see the big picture and

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being able to manage a bunch of people, right?

00:13:30.539 --> 00:13:32.820
Like, you know, it's going to translate into

00:13:32.820 --> 00:13:35.950
a certain type of work. OK, it's going to train

00:13:35.950 --> 00:13:38.690
you for that. But B, it's also going to humble

00:13:38.690 --> 00:13:40.470
you to some degree because you're going to realize

00:13:40.470 --> 00:13:43.429
like, hey, it actually trained me well for one

00:13:43.429 --> 00:13:45.730
type of work, but it doesn't actually didn't

00:13:45.730 --> 00:13:47.629
actually train me particularly well for a different

00:13:47.629 --> 00:13:50.950
type of work. And as a result, I need to either

00:13:50.950 --> 00:13:55.110
A, develop some additional skill sets to help

00:13:55.110 --> 00:13:57.490
me, you know, with some of these areas that I'm

00:13:57.490 --> 00:14:01.230
weak in or B, and this is also another great

00:14:01.230 --> 00:14:03.690
option. Leave it up to somebody else to do, right?

00:14:03.789 --> 00:14:05.690
This is part of the reason that not everybody

00:14:05.690 --> 00:14:07.610
wants to go after the same jobs. We're different

00:14:07.610 --> 00:14:10.029
people. We're good at different things. We enjoy

00:14:10.029 --> 00:14:12.210
doing different things. And so leave it up to

00:14:12.210 --> 00:14:13.809
somebody else who enjoys doing it. Look, let

00:14:13.809 --> 00:14:17.490
me be honest with you. I really don't like doing

00:14:17.490 --> 00:14:21.990
home improvement stuff. I don't enjoy it. I developed

00:14:21.990 --> 00:14:24.710
some skills doing it, just having owned a home

00:14:24.710 --> 00:14:26.669
and to try to reduce the cost of getting help.

00:14:27.330 --> 00:14:29.860
But... I really don't like doing it. So I will

00:14:29.860 --> 00:14:32.399
do the bare minimum of things I can fix, you

00:14:32.399 --> 00:14:34.600
know, with minimal effort and everything else

00:14:34.600 --> 00:14:37.759
I'll hire somebody else to do. And this is what

00:14:37.759 --> 00:14:39.360
you need to kind of figure out. You need to figure

00:14:39.360 --> 00:14:41.899
out what it is that you enjoy doing, what you're

00:14:41.899 --> 00:14:45.139
willing to do, what you like doing, and differentiate

00:14:45.139 --> 00:14:47.480
that from things that you are not good at, that

00:14:47.480 --> 00:14:49.899
you don't enjoy doing, that you would rather

00:14:49.899 --> 00:14:52.629
have somebody else do. Because the truth of the

00:14:52.629 --> 00:14:54.990
matter is the job you're looking for isn't going

00:14:54.990 --> 00:14:57.690
to demand you to do everything. That's a weird

00:14:57.690 --> 00:15:00.409
job. Most jobs are going to ask you to do a particular

00:15:00.409 --> 00:15:05.830
set of tasks or some combination thereof. And

00:15:05.830 --> 00:15:07.809
usually what they'll do is they'll find somebody

00:15:07.809 --> 00:15:10.230
else who is better at the other areas that you

00:15:10.230 --> 00:15:12.610
might not be so strong in. It doesn't mean that

00:15:12.610 --> 00:15:14.990
you're a bad candidate. It just means that you're

00:15:14.990 --> 00:15:17.370
a good candidate for a particular set of jobs.

00:15:17.789 --> 00:15:20.509
And that's okay. And in fact, I think that's

00:15:20.509 --> 00:15:22.230
probably what's going to help you the most in

00:15:22.230 --> 00:15:25.330
figuring out exactly where to apply, what kind

00:15:25.330 --> 00:15:27.070
of jobs to apply for, how to narrow down your

00:15:27.070 --> 00:15:29.789
job search, right? Because you shouldn't just

00:15:29.789 --> 00:15:31.629
be applying to whatever. You should really be

00:15:31.629 --> 00:15:35.269
considering, A, what you're good at, B, what

00:15:35.269 --> 00:15:38.110
people are willing to pay you for, and C, what's

00:15:38.110 --> 00:15:40.669
a good fit in terms of the kind of work environment

00:15:40.669 --> 00:15:44.440
you want. And those three things need to coincide

00:15:44.440 --> 00:15:46.539
for you to have a good, like, work life. So,

00:15:46.559 --> 00:15:50.840
you know, like I said, like, does a major matter?

00:15:51.019 --> 00:15:54.159
To some small degree, it might because you're

00:15:54.159 --> 00:15:56.919
training in a different area. But like I said,

00:15:56.980 --> 00:15:58.919
it usually correlates with what you enjoy doing

00:15:58.919 --> 00:16:02.000
anyway. So I would say just pick something that

00:16:02.000 --> 00:16:04.019
you're really passionate about learning. And

00:16:04.019 --> 00:16:06.159
I guarantee you, like, you should be learning

00:16:06.159 --> 00:16:10.919
how to think well in that particular. what looks

00:16:10.919 --> 00:16:14.480
like it in that particular field, okay? There's

00:16:14.480 --> 00:16:15.940
a lot of correlation that goes on here that's

00:16:15.940 --> 00:16:18.000
not causation, right? A lot of students are drawn

00:16:18.000 --> 00:16:21.100
that do well in these subjects because they are

00:16:21.100 --> 00:16:23.019
just drawn to it regardless. They would do it

00:16:23.019 --> 00:16:26.419
on their own anyways, right? So I'm not going

00:16:26.419 --> 00:16:28.360
to say, I'm not going to tell you to pick a major

00:16:28.360 --> 00:16:29.580
and then think that that's going to cause you

00:16:29.580 --> 00:16:31.840
to be better at X, Y, and Z. That's not necessarily

00:16:31.840 --> 00:16:35.220
the case. A lot of times, you know, it could

00:16:35.220 --> 00:16:38.000
help, but, you know, you should really go after

00:16:38.000 --> 00:16:40.330
the things that you really enjoy. It will also

00:16:40.330 --> 00:16:43.230
make your college life a lot less, how do you

00:16:43.230 --> 00:16:45.590
say this, boring and more meaningful. And this

00:16:45.590 --> 00:16:47.149
is honestly the best part of college, right?

00:16:47.250 --> 00:16:50.049
The thing I loved about college the most, as

00:16:50.049 --> 00:16:52.289
opposed to high school, was that I wasn't boxed

00:16:52.289 --> 00:16:55.250
into these very generic subjects and I could

00:16:55.250 --> 00:16:57.809
explore the particular, you know, areas of study

00:16:57.809 --> 00:17:00.210
that I was really interested in. You should take

00:17:00.210 --> 00:17:02.370
advantage of that. And then here's something

00:17:02.370 --> 00:17:04.890
for you, right? And if you ever change your mind

00:17:04.890 --> 00:17:06.250
and you feel like you want to study something

00:17:06.250 --> 00:17:09.660
else, you know what? You could go ahead and do

00:17:09.660 --> 00:17:12.660
that in the future. Yeah, you could go back to

00:17:12.660 --> 00:17:15.119
school. I have a lot of those in my class, right?

00:17:15.480 --> 00:17:17.759
And you could do it as a hobby too. Isn't that

00:17:17.759 --> 00:17:20.079
cool? If you want to learn, you'll find a way

00:17:20.079 --> 00:17:21.940
to learn. It might cost you money and time, but

00:17:21.940 --> 00:17:23.859
you'll be able to learn whatever you want to,

00:17:23.880 --> 00:17:26.700
right? So just enjoy what it is that you enjoy.

00:17:27.160 --> 00:17:29.579
Pick a major that you really like. Don't stress

00:17:29.579 --> 00:17:31.880
out too much. Don't get into a game of comparing

00:17:31.880 --> 00:17:35.200
and contrasting and then think that it applies

00:17:35.200 --> 00:17:40.359
to like job applications. You know, unless a

00:17:40.359 --> 00:17:42.619
job specifically requires you to have a degree

00:17:42.619 --> 00:17:44.980
in a particular area, if it's even just recommended,

00:17:45.180 --> 00:17:47.980
you could always spin whatever skill set you've

00:17:47.980 --> 00:17:50.980
developed and say that, hey, I am trained to

00:17:50.980 --> 00:17:55.119
learn in this particular job. So I'm ready to

00:17:55.119 --> 00:17:57.240
go. Right. And like I said, what matters most

00:17:57.240 --> 00:17:59.220
would probably your job experience anyway. So

00:17:59.220 --> 00:18:02.359
time to work on those. Right. Those internship

00:18:02.359 --> 00:18:05.720
and those summer. and school year part -time

00:18:05.720 --> 00:18:08.279
job applications, develop some of the background

00:18:08.279 --> 00:18:11.200
to show people you are capable of doing the work.
