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You're listening to the Decarbonisation Dialogue,

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a podcast from Salix. Welcome to Delivering on

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Climate Change, our collective challenge. Welcome

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to the Decarbonisation Dialogue. I'm Hannah Walker,

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and I believe that the best way to communicate

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a message is by being passionate about what you

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are talking about. Today, my guest is Roli Martin,

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who is Managing Director and Head of Finance

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at Global City Futures. which is a consultancy

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specializing in practical funding solutions for

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public sector net zero projects. So, Roli works

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with local authorities, for example, NHS Trusts,

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as well as education estates to develop commercially

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robust business cases for decarbonization, focusing

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on blending public and private capital to achieve

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sustainable net zero infrastructure, because,

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of course, we can't do anything without the finance.

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So, welcome to Roli. my guest today and really

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looking forward to understanding the finance

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behind these projects. I know you're a chartered

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accountant with more than 20 years of experience

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and you've also previously been leading a big

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four corporate finance infrastructure advisory

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practice so huge amounts of experience so thank

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you very much for joining us today. Now really,

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can you just tell us to start with a little bit

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about your own career journey and what drives

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you to this mission and obviously to global city

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futures. Tell us a little bit about what that

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is and what you do. So I began as a childhood

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accountant, took that wide and well trodden path

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of getting my articles and becoming an auditor

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and all that kind of stuff and then sort of moved

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up the ranks at a big four company at Deloitte

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and got increasingly frustrated that you couldn't

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get a lot done. lots of red tape, lots of things

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in the way. I guess at the same sort of time,

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it was an emerging industry in terms of net zero

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infrastructure. Once I escaped audit, once my

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experience was in the infrastructure space and

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helping public sector organizations, it occurred

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to me they needed a lot of help outside of the

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day -to -day. So if you can imagine a hospital,

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they're firefighting all day trying to treat

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people in a school and firefighting trying to

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teach people. Local authorities are running social

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care programs. There's so much to do that is

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not infrastructure and not finance and not anything

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outside the core that it must be really hard.

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It must be really difficult to kind of put all

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this stuff together. And I was just observing

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that they need a lot of help. And then as the

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kind of net zero industry and clean energy industry

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emerged, it was just another thing that they

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were forced to be doing or, you know, stuff that

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we needed to do. but had no real experience of

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doing. Combined with not being able to get anything

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done at a big company, I thought, well, it's

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time for a change and I need to put myself in

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an environment where I can get in front of the

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right people at the right organisations to get

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things done. Local authorities and NHS trusts

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as well as education. estates are under huge

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amounts of pressure, aren't they? We're always

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talking about targets. We've got 20 local authorities,

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got 2030 targets, NHS 2045. We've got an overall

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2050 target. What do you think makes projects

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financially viable? In simple terms, having the

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money to do it. But we're talking about organizations

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that don't have big coffers of lots of money

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to invest in novel stuff, and this is still seen

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as novel, which is just madness really, but it

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is. The temptation is to start with the things

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that generate a return. So solar panels and perhaps

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EV charging points or creating your own heat

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network or something like that. Something where

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you can generate power or generate heat and save

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money along the way and perhaps supply to somebody

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else as well. They're always the first starting

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points. But that leaves behind and kind of cherry

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picks all the good stuff. And then you're left

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with net zero neighborhood and retrofit and dealing

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with huge swathes of domestic residential, which

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are really hard to deal with. And there were

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a lot of net zero challenges lie because that's

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generating loads of carbon and is reliant so

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much on fossil fuels to heat and power homes.

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I suppose what makes it viable is Well, in my

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view, and that's just one view, is blending everything

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together where possible. Understanding what good

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returning projects are, such as solar PV or wind

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or something like that, and blending that with

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less attractive, commercially attractive projects

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to make a package of projects, a bundle of projects

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in which investment can be levered. But of course,

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that isn't going to work on its own either because

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a lot of the private markets and the big insurance

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companies, investment companies, they want more

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stable investments and tend not to put certainly

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debt into these projects. It's always risk equity

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and therefore high cost of finance and then that

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kind of scuppers the whole thing. So it needs

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a public sector anchor leverage of finance to

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tempt in the private money. It needs public money

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to de -risk those projects first. to bring in

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the private money coming afterwards. So public

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money has to act as a first loss, if you like.

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There are many ways you can do that. The biggest

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ticket is how do you convince the public purseholders

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to put that bit of money into that bit of that

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bundle of projects to lever in the private money.

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So it's two things. It's convincing the private

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sector that we've got a de -risked stabilized

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cash flow, a pension fund can put their money

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into long term. But first, convincing the public,

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first holder, that this is the project to put

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your money into because it will attract the private

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money, but also deliver this golden ticket of

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social value IRR. So it will decarbonize, it

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will deliver, it will make economic uplift, it

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will deliver jobs, it will make cleaner air.

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And adding up all those benefits and saying,

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well, look, we've got a whole gamut of benefits

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here for this project. in exchange for these

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benefits, purse holder and policy holder, we

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would like the money to make that happen. It's

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really hard because even if all of your economic

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benefits stacked up massively dwarf the amount

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of money they're asking for them to leave in

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the private capital, it's still a real struggle

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to convince them to do it because they're getting

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these offers and requests from everywhere. There's

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a finesse, a skill, an art and a science all

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together there. And indeed we have seen incredible

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progress though over the last few years and we

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are making, I mean we see it at Salix all of

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the time, just through one of the schemes we

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deliver which is the public sector decarbonisation

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scheme and we see how the funding that we're

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helping deliver on behalf of government acts

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as a trigger which is what you're talking about,

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it acts as a trigger. to then encourage further

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investment. We see incredible projects and whether

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it's heat network projects, whether it's air

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source heat pump projects, and how that is having

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an impact on that community because you've just

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talked about economic uplift and jobs, of course,

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and then of course cleaner air, which has got

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to be better. It's a win -win, isn't it? It's

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got to be better for all of us in terms of that

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environment factor. And then the comfort, of

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course, which is really important to make these

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buildings more modern and nicer to be in, whether

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it's your library or leisure centre. Absolutely.

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And that is always, but shouldn't be overlooked,

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is the clean air and warm, dry homes. It's just

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the connection between having those two things

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and then in 25 years time not having loads of

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people going to hospital is really, really direct

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but hard to calculate. The preventative care

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model that the NHS is attempting to move to,

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which is effectively a fence at the top of the

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cliff instead of an ambulance in the bottom of

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it, is supposed to be moving quickly into that

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model, but it isn't. But what we're talking about

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is exactly that. Whether we can give people clean,

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warm, affordable homes, then HS is going to have

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much fewer people to treat later on. But squeezing

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money out of them to pay for all of that now

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is almost impossible. And from your experience,

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what do you think then gives investors confidence?

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in the public sector net zero infrastructure

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that we have, what is it really that's going

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to give that kind of confidence to lift everything?

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Well, I've been doing this a long time and it's

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hard not to be cynical about all this, but the

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answer is stable, reliable, long -term cash flows,

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which more of the big institutional investors

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traditionally have invested in property and in

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income strips on public buildings. anything that's

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got bricks and water where somebody needs to

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be in it because we're not making any more land.

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They love that because they get an income strip

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return because their job is to pay their pensioners

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or their insurance payouts when they pay and

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to make that money grow. The stringent investment

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committee and regulations they have on what they

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invest in means that they will only go for the

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most risk. free if you like projects which net

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zero projects don't really sit in that bucket.

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It is of course no coincidence that the pension

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funds and the insurance companies have literally

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all of our money sitting in a bank grown and

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grown and grown because of that attitude. If

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they were just looking to pay the pensioners

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then they'd probably have a little bit more than

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they've got pensioners to pay out but they haven't

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they've got a thousand times more than that.

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Attracting their money it needs to be clean stable

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and long -term growth. And do you feel, because

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you've obviously got a financial head, and I'll

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hold my hands up, I'm not, I don't necessarily

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have a financial head, do you feel that you're

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always facing that kind of a struggle, really,

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with making yourself and your day -to -day job,

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with making the figures work, giving people the

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confidence to invest, but also talking about

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that social value, which you obviously feel very

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passionately about? It is a struggle but there

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are lots of little wins along the way. There

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are responsible investors and there are really

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clever people in government that see the vision

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and value the concept of a social value IRR where

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you can demonstrate using the proper green book

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treasury guidance and say here is a economic

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benefits calculation using your guidance that

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gives you a package of benefits. there are some

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strong leaders in government that do recognize

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that and say, okay, this is worth some capital

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pump priming. Equally, there are some responsible

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investors out there that want to be social impact

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investors, which is more than just social impact

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in front of the word investors, which many of

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them are, but some of them aren't, and they do

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want to. And it will accept a lower return because

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they are delivering some benefit. But outside

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of that, it is a struggle because commerce and

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social value very rarely meet in the same room.

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We have to be realistic about the fact that it's

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a capitalist endeavor. And if you're asking somebody

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for money, then they want some return. But looking

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ahead five years, what changes do you think would

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make it easier for the public sector and all

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of us to accelerate the impact of climate change?

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But we're looking at kind of averting the worst,

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aren't we? What do you think? Do you think it

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looks like? It needs change at all levels. So

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in changing communities where people come together

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and optimize all the things that they're doing

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from house to house, community to community to

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minimize their waste, minimize their carbon and

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minimize their footprint in that regard. And

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there are community, great community groups that

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do that. But then they're limited. They stop

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at a certain threshold because they don't have

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the money or the reach or the growth potential

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to do anything further. So that's one level.

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And then you've got all the businesses But businesses

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want to make money because they're in business.

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So they need to be forced. And then you've got

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investors and governments and investors want

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to make money and governments want to govern.

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So they need to be forced too. So I don't know

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what the answer is, but is it concessionary loan

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rates for all Net Zero projects as part of a

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giant spearheaded program to get solar panels

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on every single building in every single place

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to make a dent in it? I mean, I think it's the

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size of Spain. We have to build a solar panel

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the size of Spain in the Sahara Desert, and that

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would be enough power for everybody forever.

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And that would cost the same. I haven't heard

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that. It's about that. I mean, I'm paraphrasing.

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And the cost of installing that in the Sahara

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Desert would be the US defense budget for the

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next eight years. But someone's got to force

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that to happen. But at a practical level, concessionary

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loan rates to developing countries industries

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in this country trying to deliver panels and

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heat networks and everything else mandated on

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those investors. I'm not talking silly. You have

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to lend at 1 % or whatever it might be, but just

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something that is deeply concessional to what

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they would normally lend at so that it doesn't

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break the model. So we don't need to double everybody's

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heat and electricity price to go in at zero.

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So it can be something manageable for the end

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user. You're having these conversations all the

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time. You're having these conversations with

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government. You're talking all the time about

00:14:09.259 --> 00:14:13.519
how you can finance this work and bring people

00:14:13.519 --> 00:14:18.039
together. But do you think the average person,

00:14:18.159 --> 00:14:22.759
like me, do you think people on the ground actually

00:14:22.759 --> 00:14:26.240
appreciate that getting that financing framework

00:14:26.240 --> 00:14:32.820
right is key to how we tackle our climate? No,

00:14:32.820 --> 00:14:34.519
I think they just think the government should

00:14:34.519 --> 00:14:38.039
pay for it all. And there is money for them to

00:14:38.039 --> 00:14:41.259
do that. And I dare say there is a lot of money

00:14:41.259 --> 00:14:43.340
that's probably placed in the wrong places like

00:14:43.340 --> 00:14:47.019
defence or attack or whatever the ministry does

00:14:47.019 --> 00:14:49.740
these days. But there's money to be spread into

00:14:49.740 --> 00:14:52.379
different places as part of policy control and

00:14:52.730 --> 00:14:55.809
short -term governments but it never gets there

00:14:55.809 --> 00:14:57.570
and but yeah i think the average person thinks

00:14:57.570 --> 00:15:01.169
the government should pay for it all because

00:15:01.169 --> 00:15:03.629
it has a responsibility and a duty of care to

00:15:03.629 --> 00:15:07.250
the people over whom it governs so i think that's

00:15:07.250 --> 00:15:08.970
what the average person thinks i don't think

00:15:08.970 --> 00:15:12.309
they realize that there just isn't any capital

00:15:12.309 --> 00:15:14.850
sitting in a pot somewhere waiting to be spent

00:15:14.850 --> 00:15:16.649
and it's and they're choosing not to do it i

00:15:16.649 --> 00:15:18.950
think they just think it's there they don't realize

00:15:18.950 --> 00:15:21.710
that um you know all of our cash is tied up in

00:15:21.690 --> 00:15:25.929
financial funds. Financing aside, what next for

00:15:25.929 --> 00:15:29.470
you and your own career and of course for the

00:15:29.470 --> 00:15:32.009
Global City Futures? What next for Global City

00:15:32.009 --> 00:15:35.830
Futures? The strategy over the next year or so,

00:15:35.830 --> 00:15:38.269
but what about you? Where do you see your future?

00:15:38.950 --> 00:15:43.289
Here, but forwards. I want to keep expanding

00:15:43.289 --> 00:15:46.429
our business, but not for the sake of expansion.

00:15:46.509 --> 00:15:50.090
We want to expand to do more of the right projects.

00:15:50.460 --> 00:15:52.679
and be able to continue to do more of the right

00:15:52.679 --> 00:15:56.320
projects. So we want the space and freedom to

00:15:56.320 --> 00:15:59.500
back sustainability and affordable housing programs

00:15:59.500 --> 00:16:02.200
that make the difference. I'm not going to see

00:16:02.200 --> 00:16:03.700
a pipe and a spade in the ground or whatever

00:16:03.700 --> 00:16:07.980
it is on a more frequent basis and at a higher

00:16:07.980 --> 00:16:10.419
scale. And I want to be part of that. And I've

00:16:10.419 --> 00:16:12.659
got an amazing team of people behind me that

00:16:12.659 --> 00:16:16.460
are way brighter than I am and way more capable.

00:16:16.679 --> 00:16:19.820
And they're all with every day learning to be

00:16:19.600 --> 00:16:23.179
to be better than they were yesterday and you

00:16:23.179 --> 00:16:24.960
know before long they're all going to be doing

00:16:24.960 --> 00:16:27.740
the job i do which is exactly what i want so

00:16:27.740 --> 00:16:30.299
and then i'd like to make new hires and have

00:16:30.299 --> 00:16:32.700
that grow underneath them and you know expand

00:16:32.700 --> 00:16:37.320
in that way but um it's a process it is and that's

00:16:37.320 --> 00:16:39.159
a wonderful thing isn't it to have fantastic

00:16:39.159 --> 00:16:41.440
people around you but to be in this area where

00:16:41.440 --> 00:16:44.419
there is so much change so fast whether it's

00:16:44.419 --> 00:16:47.120
technology whether it's financing whether it's

00:16:47.120 --> 00:16:50.429
skills But we are, for one thing, there's a huge

00:16:50.429 --> 00:16:53.429
amount of passion and by working together, all

00:16:53.429 --> 00:16:55.669
of us actually, we're kind of making a difference.

00:16:55.909 --> 00:16:58.470
We are making a difference. Thank you very much

00:16:58.470 --> 00:17:01.029
to Roli Martin for joining me today and for

00:17:01.029 --> 00:17:03.340
providing such insight. There can be no doubt

00:17:03.340 --> 00:17:04.859
that climate change is the biggest challenge

00:17:04.859 --> 00:17:07.380
of our time. Today, we must reduce greenhouse

00:17:07.380 --> 00:17:09.819
gas emissions to slow global warming. Today,

00:17:09.819 --> 00:17:12.200
we must act for tomorrow, adjusting our lifestyles

00:17:12.200 --> 00:17:14.480
to current and future impacts of climate change.

00:17:14.880 --> 00:17:17.660
Today, we must use our collective wisdom to deliver

00:17:17.660 --> 00:17:20.259
on our climate commitments. Today, we work for

00:17:20.259 --> 00:17:23.500
tomorrow's world. Don't forget to tune in to

00:17:23.500 --> 00:17:26.400
our podcast channels and do email us at podcast

00:17:26.400 --> 00:17:30.200
.salixfinance .co .uk with your ideas. Thank

00:17:30.200 --> 00:17:32.710
you very much again to Rolili. Thank you. Thank

00:17:32.710 --> 00:17:35.390
you. You've been listening to the Decarbonisation

00:17:35.390 --> 00:17:39.430
Dialogue, a podcast from Salix. For more information

00:17:39.430 --> 00:17:42.730
about our work and to find more content, please

00:17:42.730 --> 00:17:47.490
visit salixfinance .co .uk forward slash podcasts.
