WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:01.700 Hey everyone, welcome back to The Deep Dive. 00:00:01.800 --> 00:00:03.960 You know why you're here, right? To get past 00:00:03.960 --> 00:00:06.240 all the hype and really understand the stuff 00:00:06.240 --> 00:00:08.460 that matters. That's right. And today, we're 00:00:08.460 --> 00:00:11.199 tackling something, well, kind of huge. We're 00:00:11.199 --> 00:00:13.640 diving into this document called Superintelligence 00:00:13.640 --> 00:00:17.679 Strategy, put together by Chris, Smith, and Wang. 00:00:18.160 --> 00:00:21.000 It's like... It's a warning, but also like a 00:00:21.000 --> 00:00:23.300 roadmap, you know, for nations trying to figure 00:00:23.300 --> 00:00:25.600 out how to deal with this whole AI thing, but 00:00:25.600 --> 00:00:29.480 like way beyond just using AI. Yeah. Superintelligent. 00:00:29.800 --> 00:00:32.840 Absolutely. So in this deep dive, we're gonna 00:00:32.840 --> 00:00:35.740 try to pull out the most important points about 00:00:35.740 --> 00:00:38.000 what superintelligence could mean for national 00:00:38.000 --> 00:00:40.119 security, for all of us, really. Exactly. Give 00:00:40.119 --> 00:00:42.060 you a sense of what we might be heading towards. 00:00:42.179 --> 00:00:44.630 And this document doesn't mess around. It compares 00:00:44.630 --> 00:00:47.289 AI to some pretty heavy stuff. It does. It starts 00:00:47.289 --> 00:00:48.909 off with some analogies we might be familiar 00:00:48.909 --> 00:00:51.509 with, like electricity, right? Thinking about 00:00:51.509 --> 00:00:53.429 how AI could be everywhere, like electricity 00:00:53.429 --> 00:00:56.490 is. Or software, in terms of its economic power. 00:00:56.609 --> 00:00:59.210 Even the printing press, how it changed society. 00:00:59.310 --> 00:01:01.670 Right. But then it gets to the really serious 00:01:01.670 --> 00:01:04.370 stuff, the comparisons that should make you think, 00:01:04.390 --> 00:01:09.159 you know? Like... Nuclear weapons, bio weapons, 00:01:09.500 --> 00:01:11.900 chemical weapons, all of these catastrophic technologies 00:01:11.900 --> 00:01:15.959 that can be used for good or for terrible things. 00:01:16.079 --> 00:01:19.340 Dual use. Exactly. That's the key point. That's 00:01:19.340 --> 00:01:22.540 scary. AI is like that, too. Huge potential, 00:01:22.620 --> 00:01:24.579 but also the potential to really mess things 00:01:24.579 --> 00:01:27.260 up. Yeah. I mean, you think about all the good 00:01:27.260 --> 00:01:30.079 stuff we could do with AI medicine, solving climate 00:01:30.079 --> 00:01:33.180 change. But then there's the flip side. Right. 00:01:33.659 --> 00:01:36.000 And the document. Reminds us that things can 00:01:36.000 --> 00:01:38.219 change really fast. Yeah, like remember Ernest 00:01:38.219 --> 00:01:41.260 Rutherford. Yeah, he dismissed atomic power called 00:01:41.260 --> 00:01:45.140 it Was it moonshine? I mean 1933. Yeah 1933 and 00:01:45.140 --> 00:01:47.640 the next day Leo Szilard comes up with the idea 00:01:47.640 --> 00:01:49.859 for the nuclear chain reaction Just like things 00:01:49.859 --> 00:01:52.799 can move really quickly So now here we are just 00:01:52.799 --> 00:01:55.719 a few decades later and what was once sci -fi 00:01:55.719 --> 00:01:58.659 like machine smarter than humans is is becoming 00:01:58.659 --> 00:02:01.379 real It's not a question of is anymore. But when? 00:02:01.549 --> 00:02:04.530 and you've got these AI pioneers, these huge 00:02:04.530 --> 00:02:07.530 names, Jeffrey Hinton, Yoshua Bengio, and they're... 00:02:07.370 --> 00:02:10.129 They're really worried. Expressing some serious 00:02:10.129 --> 00:02:12.409 existential concerns. And when people like that 00:02:12.409 --> 00:02:14.569 start raising red flags, we should pay attention. 00:02:14.870 --> 00:02:17.610 Absolutely. And what's even crazier is that the 00:02:17.610 --> 00:02:19.590 document talks about these Manhattan projects 00:02:19.590 --> 00:02:22.069 for superintelligence already happening, funded 00:02:22.069 --> 00:02:24.669 by governments, these huge corporations, like 00:02:24.669 --> 00:02:27.650 a global race to build the most powerful AI. 00:02:27.770 --> 00:02:30.409 A technological arms race with stakes that are 00:02:30.409 --> 00:02:33.150 hard to even comprehend. So this document lays 00:02:33.150 --> 00:02:35.750 out all these really big questions, like what 00:02:35.750 --> 00:02:38.909 do we do about lethal, autonomous weapons. How 00:02:38.909 --> 00:02:42.469 do we stop people from using AI for bad stuff? 00:02:42.650 --> 00:02:45.810 What happens if really powerful AI becomes available 00:02:45.810 --> 00:02:48.270 to anyone? Open -weight AI, they call it. Right. 00:02:48.469 --> 00:02:50.409 Then there's AI surveillance, this whole idea 00:02:50.409 --> 00:02:53.330 of AI rights. And what about us? What happens 00:02:53.330 --> 00:02:56.250 to humans when machines are smarter and can do 00:02:56.250 --> 00:02:58.250 everything better? What's our role in a world 00:02:58.250 --> 00:03:00.849 of superintelligence? Yeah, it's a lot to unpack. 00:03:00.889 --> 00:03:03.509 It is. But let's try to break it down, starting 00:03:03.509 --> 00:03:06.430 with, well, something everyone cares about, money. 00:03:06.569 --> 00:03:10.490 Sure. The document argues that AI is going to 00:03:10.490 --> 00:03:14.990 completely change how economic power works. Like, 00:03:15.210 --> 00:03:17.210 they even say that AI chips might become the 00:03:17.210 --> 00:03:20.270 new global currency. That's a pretty radical 00:03:20.270 --> 00:03:23.030 idea, isn't it? It is. What do they mean by that? 00:03:23.150 --> 00:03:25.349 Think about it. As AI becomes more important 00:03:25.349 --> 00:03:27.669 in every industry, the countries that control 00:03:27.669 --> 00:03:29.849 the most advanced AI chips, the ones with the 00:03:29.849 --> 00:03:32.229 most computational power, they're the ones who 00:03:32.229 --> 00:03:34.750 will have the real economic advantage. Makes 00:03:34.750 --> 00:03:36.909 sense. Automation on a scale we've never seen 00:03:36.909 --> 00:03:39.349 before. Essentially, they could turn capital 00:03:39.349 --> 00:03:42.370 into labor way faster and more efficiently than 00:03:42.370 --> 00:03:44.680 humans ever could. So instead of measuring a 00:03:44.680 --> 00:03:47.080 country's power by like how much money they have 00:03:47.080 --> 00:03:48.819 or how many people they have, we'll be looking 00:03:48.819 --> 00:03:52.259 at how many AI brains on chips they have. That's 00:03:52.259 --> 00:03:55.300 the shift from traditional metrics like GDP and 00:03:55.300 --> 00:03:57.960 population size to sheer computational power. 00:03:58.120 --> 00:04:00.919 Wow. But then it gets even wilder. The document 00:04:00.919 --> 00:04:03.180 goes on to talk about military dominance, about 00:04:03.180 --> 00:04:07.180 how AI could create these like super weapons 00:04:07.180 --> 00:04:09.900 that could completely change the global power 00:04:09.900 --> 00:04:11.819 structure as we know it. That's right. They use 00:04:11.819 --> 00:04:15.159 these terms, sub -nuclear dominance and a strategic 00:04:15.159 --> 00:04:17.639 monopoly on power. I mean, that sounds like something 00:04:17.639 --> 00:04:20.019 out of a sci -fi movie. It's pretty intense, 00:04:20.060 --> 00:04:23.300 but it's really about how AI could create multiple 00:04:23.300 --> 00:04:26.740 layers of advantage. OK. So sub -nuclear dominance 00:04:26.740 --> 00:04:29.100 is about a country being able to project its 00:04:29.100 --> 00:04:31.560 power without actually using nuclear weapons. 00:04:31.759 --> 00:04:35.360 So like what? Cyber attacks? Exactly. Imagine 00:04:35.360 --> 00:04:37.759 AI -powered cyber weapons that can shut down 00:04:37.759 --> 00:04:40.699 a country's infrastructure. You know, power grids, 00:04:40.959 --> 00:04:44.920 communication networks. Or EMP devices that fry 00:04:44.920 --> 00:04:48.079 all electronics. Or swarms of drones that can 00:04:48.079 --> 00:04:51.160 operate completely autonomously. Like AI -controlled 00:04:51.160 --> 00:04:54.819 armies. That's terrifying. But the really big 00:04:54.819 --> 00:04:57.300 one, the truly game -changing possibility, is 00:04:57.300 --> 00:05:00.620 this idea of a strategic monopoly on power. Okay, 00:05:00.879 --> 00:05:02.970 tell me more about that. The document argues 00:05:02.970 --> 00:05:05.490 that if one country gets to superintelligence 00:05:05.490 --> 00:05:08.730 first, it could create such a massive power imbalance 00:05:08.730 --> 00:05:11.029 that, well, it's like the conquistadors showing 00:05:11.029 --> 00:05:14.189 up with guns to fight the Aztecs. Oh, wow, that's 00:05:14.189 --> 00:05:16.350 a... That's a powerful image. The advantage would 00:05:16.350 --> 00:05:18.269 be so overwhelming that it wouldn't even matter 00:05:18.269 --> 00:05:20.170 if other countries had nuclear weapons. They'd 00:05:20.170 --> 00:05:22.670 be completely outmatched. So it's not just about 00:05:22.670 --> 00:05:24.930 having the biggest army anymore. It's about having 00:05:24.930 --> 00:05:28.269 the smartest AI. That's the shift in thinking. 00:05:28.610 --> 00:05:31.709 OK, so we've got economic dominance, military 00:05:31.709 --> 00:05:34.230 dominance. But now let's talk about something 00:05:34.230 --> 00:05:39.209 that, well, kind of freaks me out. Totalitarianism. 00:05:39.500 --> 00:05:41.879 I know what you mean. The document actually says 00:05:41.879 --> 00:05:45.699 AI could lead to an unshakable totalitarian regime. 00:05:46.009 --> 00:05:48.490 Like, how would that even happen? Well, if you 00:05:48.490 --> 00:05:50.470 think about all the advances in surveillance 00:05:50.470 --> 00:05:53.269 technology, facial recognition, data analysis, 00:05:53.829 --> 00:05:56.129 an AI -powered surveillance system could give 00:05:56.129 --> 00:05:59.029 a dictator incredible power. Right. I mean, imagine 00:05:59.029 --> 00:06:01.629 a system that can process huge amounts of information 00:06:01.629 --> 00:06:05.029 in real time, identify anyone who might be a 00:06:05.029 --> 00:06:07.910 threat, and neutralize them before they can even 00:06:07.910 --> 00:06:10.610 act. Yeah. Pre -crime, like in that movie Minority 00:06:10.610 --> 00:06:13.329 Report. It's not that far -fetched anymore. So 00:06:13.329 --> 00:06:17.199 you're saying that... With AI, a totalitarian 00:06:17.199 --> 00:06:19.879 regime could be so effective, so controlling, 00:06:20.500 --> 00:06:22.379 that it would be almost impossible to overthrow. 00:06:23.040 --> 00:06:25.360 That's the concern. And then there's this whole 00:06:25.360 --> 00:06:27.720 thing about... data centers becoming military 00:06:27.720 --> 00:06:30.540 targets. Like, why would anyone attack a building 00:06:30.540 --> 00:06:33.339 full of computers? It's about strategic vulnerabilities. 00:06:33.879 --> 00:06:36.540 If a country thinks that another country is about 00:06:36.540 --> 00:06:39.439 to make a major breakthrough in AI, they might 00:06:39.439 --> 00:06:41.240 feel like they have to do something drastic to 00:06:41.240 --> 00:06:43.360 stop them. Like a preemptive strike. Exactly. 00:06:43.680 --> 00:06:45.399 And data centers, those are the places where 00:06:45.399 --> 00:06:47.699 all the computational tower is, where AI is being 00:06:47.699 --> 00:06:49.939 developed. They'd become high value targets. 00:06:50.269 --> 00:06:52.569 So it's like, if you can't beat them in the AI 00:06:52.569 --> 00:06:55.990 race, just blow up their computers. It's a terrifying 00:06:55.990 --> 00:06:58.509 thought, but it's a possibility we have to consider. 00:06:58.949 --> 00:07:01.910 And the dangers don't stop there. No. This whole 00:07:01.910 --> 00:07:04.050 dual use thing, the fact that AI can be used 00:07:04.050 --> 00:07:07.589 for good or bad, well, it makes the threat of 00:07:07.589 --> 00:07:10.230 terrorism even scarier. Absolutely. It could 00:07:10.230 --> 00:07:13.689 lower the bar for non -state actors to carry 00:07:13.689 --> 00:07:16.449 out really devastating attacks. Like how? Think 00:07:16.449 --> 00:07:19.329 about the Tokyo subway attack in 1995. Yeah. 00:07:19.610 --> 00:07:22.910 A group released sarin gas killed a bunch of 00:07:22.910 --> 00:07:24.870 people. Now imagine that same group, but they 00:07:24.870 --> 00:07:27.709 have an AI that can help them design even deadlier 00:07:27.709 --> 00:07:30.129 weapons. Tell them where to get the materials, 00:07:30.449 --> 00:07:33.189 how to spread them for maximum effect. Oh my 00:07:33.189 --> 00:07:35.370 god. What once required state -level resources 00:07:35.370 --> 00:07:38.189 could become much easier for terrorists to do. 00:07:38.509 --> 00:07:42.689 So AI could give terrorists the... the knowledge 00:07:42.689 --> 00:07:45.129 and the tools to cause massive damage. It's a 00:07:45.129 --> 00:07:47.029 very real concern. And it's not just about chemical 00:07:47.029 --> 00:07:49.129 weapons, right? The document also talks about 00:07:49.129 --> 00:07:51.370 AI being used to develop bioweapons and to launch 00:07:51.370 --> 00:07:53.829 these really sophisticated cyber attacks. Yeah, 00:07:53.990 --> 00:07:56.629 on both fronts, AI is a game changer. So with 00:07:56.629 --> 00:07:58.689 bioweapons, what are we talking about, like design 00:07:58.689 --> 00:08:01.370 or viruses? Essentially, AI could be used to 00:08:01.370 --> 00:08:03.449 create pathogens that are specifically designed 00:08:03.449 --> 00:08:05.970 to exploit vulnerabilities in human biology. 00:08:06.110 --> 00:08:08.209 Like to target certain groups of people? Potentially. 00:08:08.410 --> 00:08:11.529 Or to evade our detection systems. or to be resistant 00:08:11.529 --> 00:08:13.730 to all our current treatments. And what about 00:08:13.730 --> 00:08:16.889 cyber attacks? AI is already being used to attack 00:08:16.889 --> 00:08:19.410 critical infrastructure, things like power grids 00:08:19.410 --> 00:08:22.209 and water systems. So like causing blackouts. 00:08:22.529 --> 00:08:25.029 Exactly. And it can be done in really subtle 00:08:25.029 --> 00:08:28.110 ways. Like imagine an AI that can manipulate 00:08:28.110 --> 00:08:31.189 digital thermostats in thousands of homes to 00:08:31.189 --> 00:08:34.399 cause a massive power surge. Wow. And we're also 00:08:34.399 --> 00:08:38.000 seeing a rise in AI -powered scams, phishing 00:08:38.000 --> 00:08:40.740 attacks that are so personalized, so convincing, 00:08:41.419 --> 00:08:43.799 that people fall for them easily. So it's not 00:08:43.799 --> 00:08:46.120 just about attacking machines. It's about using 00:08:46.120 --> 00:08:48.820 AI to manipulate humans. That's right. The document 00:08:48.820 --> 00:08:51.539 also talks about this imbalance between offense 00:08:51.539 --> 00:08:54.220 and defense in cyber warfare, saying that right 00:08:54.220 --> 00:08:57.059 now, AI gives the advantage to the attackers. 00:08:57.220 --> 00:08:59.960 Yeah, that's a big concern. So why is that? Because 00:08:59.960 --> 00:09:02.539 AI can identify and exploit vulnerabilities much 00:09:02.539 --> 00:09:05.519 faster than humans can. It's like in a traditional 00:09:05.519 --> 00:09:07.639 war, you can see the enemy coming. You can build 00:09:07.639 --> 00:09:10.700 defenses. But in cyber warfare, the enemy is 00:09:10.700 --> 00:09:12.960 invisible. They can be anywhere. And with AI, 00:09:13.100 --> 00:09:15.039 they can move so fast that it's hard to keep 00:09:15.039 --> 00:09:17.570 up. And the document is particularly worried 00:09:17.570 --> 00:09:19.169 about this whole open -sourcing thing, right? 00:09:19.269 --> 00:09:22.470 Right. What if someone just releases the code 00:09:22.470 --> 00:09:25.870 for a really powerful AI model out into the world? 00:09:26.049 --> 00:09:28.090 That's a nightmare scenario. It would be like 00:09:28.090 --> 00:09:30.690 giving anyone the blueprint for a nuclear weapon. 00:09:31.070 --> 00:09:34.169 So even small groups, terrorists, could potentially 00:09:34.169 --> 00:09:36.549 get their hands on this really dangerous technology. 00:09:36.610 --> 00:09:39.750 Exactly. And then we get to what a lot of people 00:09:39.750 --> 00:09:42.700 consider the biggest threat. losing control of 00:09:42.700 --> 00:09:45.440 AI altogether. Yeah, that's the ultimate fear. 00:09:45.639 --> 00:09:48.279 And the document talks about several ways this 00:09:48.279 --> 00:09:50.820 could happen. We could become too reliant on 00:09:50.820 --> 00:09:53.879 automation, we could deliberately unleash a really 00:09:53.879 --> 00:09:58.360 powerful AI, or AI could just get so smart that 00:09:58.360 --> 00:10:01.840 it outsmarts us. It's a multifaceted risk. So 00:10:01.840 --> 00:10:03.679 like with automation, are you saying that we 00:10:03.679 --> 00:10:06.360 could become so dependent on AI that we forget 00:10:06.360 --> 00:10:08.669 how to do things ourselves? It's more than that. 00:10:08.769 --> 00:10:10.909 It's about losing the ability to effectively 00:10:10.909 --> 00:10:13.690 oversee and control these systems. Imagine a 00:10:13.690 --> 00:10:15.830 situation where all our critical infrastructure, 00:10:16.070 --> 00:10:18.149 our power grids, our financial systems, everything 00:10:18.149 --> 00:10:21.269 is managed by AI. And then something goes wrong. 00:10:21.429 --> 00:10:23.289 And we don't have the knowledge or the tools 00:10:23.289 --> 00:10:26.110 to fix it because we've become so reliant on 00:10:26.110 --> 00:10:29.370 the AI. So we're basically handing over control 00:10:29.370 --> 00:10:31.909 to these machines. It's a gradual process, but 00:10:31.909 --> 00:10:34.629 it could lead to a point of no return. And what 00:10:34.629 --> 00:10:38.190 about this idea of AI outsmarting its creators? 00:10:39.269 --> 00:10:41.269 I mean, that sounds like science fiction. It 00:10:41.269 --> 00:10:43.509 might sound like science fiction, but it's a 00:10:43.509 --> 00:10:45.389 possibility that a lot of serious people are 00:10:45.389 --> 00:10:48.139 worried about. So how could that happen? Well, 00:10:48.299 --> 00:10:51.279 if an AI reaches a certain level of sophistication, 00:10:51.759 --> 00:10:54.519 it could start to design even more advanced AI. 00:10:54.720 --> 00:10:56.480 They call that intelligence recursion, right? 00:10:56.620 --> 00:10:58.460 Exactly. And that could lead to an intelligence 00:10:58.460 --> 00:11:02.220 explosion where AI capabilities are just growing 00:11:02.220 --> 00:11:04.320 exponentially. It's faster than we can understand, 00:11:04.519 --> 00:11:07.200 faster than we can control. I mean, that's a 00:11:07.200 --> 00:11:09.980 pretty scary thought. It is. So given all these 00:11:09.980 --> 00:11:12.500 risks, Why are countries even trying to develop 00:11:12.500 --> 00:11:14.279 superintelligence in the first place? It seems 00:11:14.279 --> 00:11:16.940 crazy. Well, despite the risks, there's also 00:11:16.940 --> 00:11:20.080 a huge potential payoff. The country that gets 00:11:20.080 --> 00:11:23.139 to super intelligence first could have an unimaginable 00:11:23.139 --> 00:11:25.480 advantage over everyone else like we talked about 00:11:25.480 --> 00:11:28.860 earlier that strategic monopoly on power exactly 00:11:28.860 --> 00:11:32.120 and even if the initial gains aren't that dramatic 00:11:32.120 --> 00:11:35.580 the ability to keep Improving AI to have it design 00:11:35.580 --> 00:11:38.659 even more advanced AI that could lead to a runaway 00:11:38.659 --> 00:11:43.350 advantage. So it's like a global arms race but 00:11:43.350 --> 00:11:46.009 with AI instead of nukes. It's a very dangerous 00:11:46.009 --> 00:11:48.370 game. But the document does offer one possible 00:11:48.370 --> 00:11:52.169 solution, this idea of mutual assured AI malfunction. 00:11:52.909 --> 00:11:55.830 Yeah, it's a bit of a... A dark hope, I guess 00:11:55.830 --> 00:11:58.070 you could say. So what is it? It's basically 00:11:58.070 --> 00:12:00.429 the same idea as mutually assured destruction, 00:12:00.529 --> 00:12:03.169 but with AI. OK, remind me how that worked. During 00:12:03.169 --> 00:12:05.870 the Cold War, the US and the Soviet Union both 00:12:05.870 --> 00:12:08.210 had enough nuclear weapons to destroy each other. 00:12:08.210 --> 00:12:10.750 Right. So neither side was willing to attack 00:12:10.750 --> 00:12:12.730 first because they knew they would be destroyed 00:12:12.730 --> 00:12:15.080 in retaliation. mutually assured destruction. 00:12:15.679 --> 00:12:17.659 Exactly. And how would that work with AI? The 00:12:17.659 --> 00:12:20.799 idea is that if one country thinks another country's 00:12:20.799 --> 00:12:23.600 AI is getting too dangerous, too close to super 00:12:23.600 --> 00:12:25.860 intelligence, they might try to sabotage it. 00:12:25.960 --> 00:12:29.279 Like a preemptive strike on their AI research 00:12:29.279 --> 00:12:31.840 facilities. Something like that. But then, of 00:12:31.840 --> 00:12:34.460 course, the other country would retaliate. They 00:12:34.460 --> 00:12:37.240 would attack the first country's AI project. 00:12:37.299 --> 00:12:40.580 So it's like a high tech standoff. Yeah, a very 00:12:40.580 --> 00:12:44.000 uneasy balance of power. But but at least It 00:12:44.000 --> 00:12:45.980 might prevent anyone from actually unleashing 00:12:45.980 --> 00:12:47.940 a super intelligence that could get out of control. 00:12:48.179 --> 00:12:51.059 That's the hope. Now, the document also had some 00:12:51.059 --> 00:12:55.120 specific recommendations, like treating advanced 00:12:55.120 --> 00:12:58.710 AI chips, like enriched uranium. Yeah, that's 00:12:58.710 --> 00:13:01.009 one of the key takeaways. But why? Because those 00:13:01.009 --> 00:13:04.250 chips are the key to building powerful AI systems. 00:13:04.549 --> 00:13:07.210 They're like the fuel for the AI fire. So we 00:13:07.210 --> 00:13:08.929 need to control them, track them, make sure they 00:13:08.929 --> 00:13:10.710 don't fall into the wrong hands. Makes sense. 00:13:11.029 --> 00:13:12.990 And they also talk about the dangers of releasing 00:13:12.990 --> 00:13:15.750 AI models to the public. Yeah, that's a big concern. 00:13:15.929 --> 00:13:17.809 Like what if someone just puts the code for a 00:13:17.809 --> 00:13:19.870 really advanced AI up on the internet for anyone 00:13:19.870 --> 00:13:22.250 to download? It would be incredibly reckless. 00:13:22.330 --> 00:13:25.039 So. They're basically saying that we need to 00:13:25.039 --> 00:13:28.860 treat these AI models like weapons of mass destruction. 00:13:29.259 --> 00:13:32.000 Essentially. We need to be very careful about 00:13:32.000 --> 00:13:34.840 who has access to this technology. Finally, the 00:13:34.840 --> 00:13:37.559 document talks about the unique challenge of 00:13:37.559 --> 00:13:40.799 AI systems having these unpredictable failure 00:13:40.799 --> 00:13:43.360 modes. Yeah, that's a big difference between 00:13:43.360 --> 00:13:45.500 AI and other technologies. So what do they mean 00:13:45.500 --> 00:13:47.879 by that? Well, think about something like a nuclear 00:13:47.879 --> 00:13:50.309 reactor. We understand the physics behind it. 00:13:50.389 --> 00:13:52.370 We know how it works. We can predict how it might 00:13:52.370 --> 00:13:55.070 fail. But with AI, it's different. With AI, it's 00:13:55.070 --> 00:13:56.909 different. A lot of these systems, they're not 00:13:56.909 --> 00:13:58.870 really designed in the traditional sense. They're 00:13:58.870 --> 00:14:01.929 more, like, grown. Oh, grown. Yeah, they're trained 00:14:01.929 --> 00:14:04.389 on massive amounts of data, and they develop 00:14:04.389 --> 00:14:07.110 their own internal logic, their own ways of solving 00:14:07.110 --> 00:14:09.590 problems. So we don't always know exactly how 00:14:09.590 --> 00:14:11.960 they work. That's the problem. We don't have 00:14:11.960 --> 00:14:14.259 a complete understanding of their internal processes, 00:14:14.440 --> 00:14:16.759 so it's hard to predict how they might behave 00:14:16.759 --> 00:14:18.720 in unexpected situations. And how they might 00:14:18.720 --> 00:14:21.240 fail. Exactly. And that makes it much harder 00:14:21.240 --> 00:14:24.120 to ensure their safety and reliability. So to 00:14:24.120 --> 00:14:26.440 wrap this all up for you, the listener, this 00:14:26.440 --> 00:14:29.600 deep dive into superintelligence strategy is 00:14:29.600 --> 00:14:32.580 basically a glimpse into a future that's both 00:14:32.580 --> 00:14:35.750 incredibly exciting and potentially terrifying. 00:14:36.009 --> 00:14:38.049 Yeah, there are some really big challenges ahead. 00:14:38.230 --> 00:14:40.730 We've talked about how AI could transform economies, 00:14:41.389 --> 00:14:44.509 create new kinds of military power, enable unprecedented 00:14:44.509 --> 00:14:47.389 levels of control, amplify the threat of terrorism, 00:14:47.750 --> 00:14:50.169 and even potentially escape our control altogether. 00:14:50.330 --> 00:14:53.590 It's a lot to process. It is, but it's also incredibly 00:14:53.590 --> 00:14:55.529 important. I mean, this stuff could affect all 00:14:55.529 --> 00:14:57.929 of us. It could redefine what it means to be 00:14:57.929 --> 00:15:00.429 human. So here's the big question for you to 00:15:00.429 --> 00:15:03.090 think about. Given all this potential for both 00:15:03.289 --> 00:15:06.289 amazing progress and catastrophic risks. What 00:15:06.289 --> 00:15:08.750 do we need to do to navigate this new world? 00:15:09.269 --> 00:15:11.389 What kind of international cooperation? What 00:15:11.389 --> 00:15:13.269 kind of strategic thinking do we need to make 00:15:13.269 --> 00:15:16.289 sure that AI benefits humanity and doesn't destroy 00:15:16.289 --> 00:15:18.649 us? Those are the questions we all need to be 00:15:18.649 --> 00:15:21.149 grappling with. This deep dive is just the beginning 00:15:21.149 --> 00:15:23.169 of the conversation. We encourage you to read 00:15:23.169 --> 00:15:25.110 the document yourself, think about these issues 00:15:25.110 --> 00:15:27.350 and talk about them with others. The future of 00:15:27.350 --> 00:15:31.009 AI and maybe the future of humanity depends on 00:15:31.009 --> 00:15:33.080 the choices we make today. Thanks for listening 00:15:33.080 --> 00:15:35.679 and we'll see you next time on the Deep Dive.