1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:01,240 Hey everyone and welcome back. 2 00:00:01,240 --> 00:00:04,200 This time we're diving into photonic chips, 3 00:00:04,200 --> 00:00:06,280 specifically this new Tai Chi chip 4 00:00:06,280 --> 00:00:07,880 that's making some pretty big claims. 5 00:00:07,880 --> 00:00:09,760 Yeah, this chip is really making waves. 6 00:00:09,760 --> 00:00:10,600 I bet. 7 00:00:10,600 --> 00:00:12,160 So to start off, can you give us a quick rundown 8 00:00:12,160 --> 00:00:14,200 on what exactly a photonic chip is? 9 00:00:14,200 --> 00:00:15,920 Like I said that it uses light, 10 00:00:15,920 --> 00:00:17,320 but how does that actually work? 11 00:00:17,320 --> 00:00:18,880 So it all boils down to photons. 12 00:00:18,880 --> 00:00:19,720 Photons. 13 00:00:19,720 --> 00:00:20,560 Yeah. 14 00:00:20,560 --> 00:00:22,160 You see, light is made up of these tiny little packets 15 00:00:22,160 --> 00:00:23,720 of energy called photons. 16 00:00:23,720 --> 00:00:26,360 And unlike the electrons that regular chips use 17 00:00:26,360 --> 00:00:29,280 photonic chips, use these photons to transmit 18 00:00:29,280 --> 00:00:30,640 and process information. 19 00:00:30,640 --> 00:00:32,480 Huh, so instead of electrical signals, 20 00:00:32,480 --> 00:00:34,520 it's like light signals sipping around. 21 00:00:34,520 --> 00:00:35,280 Exactly. 22 00:00:35,280 --> 00:00:37,720 And because photons travel at the speed of light, 23 00:00:37,720 --> 00:00:40,600 well that means computations can happen incredibly fast. 24 00:00:40,600 --> 00:00:41,440 Okay, wait, hold on. 25 00:00:41,440 --> 00:00:44,280 At the speed of light, like no lag time whatsoever. 26 00:00:44,280 --> 00:00:45,120 Pretty much. 27 00:00:45,120 --> 00:00:47,920 It's mind bogglingly faster than traditional electronics. 28 00:00:47,920 --> 00:00:48,880 I can only imagine. 29 00:00:48,880 --> 00:00:50,520 But how did we even get to this point? 30 00:00:50,520 --> 00:00:52,440 Like where did this whole photonic computing thing 31 00:00:52,440 --> 00:00:53,280 even begin? 32 00:00:53,280 --> 00:00:55,440 It's a fascinating journey that starts with the invention 33 00:00:55,440 --> 00:00:57,240 of the laser back in the 1960s. 34 00:00:57,240 --> 00:00:58,360 Ah, the laser. 35 00:00:58,360 --> 00:01:00,160 That seems like ages ago. 36 00:01:00,160 --> 00:01:01,120 It was a game changer. 37 00:01:01,120 --> 00:01:03,040 Lasers gave us this ability to create 38 00:01:03,040 --> 00:01:05,920 a really focused, intense beam of light. 39 00:01:05,920 --> 00:01:08,720 And that was crucial for controlling photons, 40 00:01:08,720 --> 00:01:09,640 which is kind of essential 41 00:01:09,640 --> 00:01:11,160 if you want to use them for computation. 42 00:01:11,160 --> 00:01:14,080 So the laser was like the first step towards 43 00:01:14,080 --> 00:01:16,080 harnessing the power of light for computing. 44 00:01:16,080 --> 00:01:16,920 Precisely. 45 00:01:16,920 --> 00:01:18,120 Then came optical fibers. 46 00:01:18,120 --> 00:01:19,840 Right, those things that carry data 47 00:01:19,840 --> 00:01:21,600 as light pulses over long distances. 48 00:01:21,600 --> 00:01:23,000 Exactly, that was another huge breakthrough. 49 00:01:23,000 --> 00:01:24,520 Suddenly we could transmit information 50 00:01:24,520 --> 00:01:26,640 at the speed of light over vast distances. 51 00:01:26,640 --> 00:01:29,560 So we have lasers to create light and fiber optics 52 00:01:29,560 --> 00:01:30,400 to transmit it. 53 00:01:30,400 --> 00:01:32,320 What was the missing piece of the puzzle? 54 00:01:32,320 --> 00:01:34,280 Merging that speed with the manufacturing 55 00:01:34,280 --> 00:01:35,880 capabilities of electronics. 56 00:01:35,880 --> 00:01:37,520 Enter silicon photonics. 57 00:01:37,520 --> 00:01:38,480 Silicon photonics. 58 00:01:38,480 --> 00:01:39,960 So that's like using silicon, 59 00:01:39,960 --> 00:01:41,640 which is the backbone of electronics 60 00:01:41,640 --> 00:01:43,320 to manipulate light instead. 61 00:01:43,320 --> 00:01:44,160 You got it. 62 00:01:44,160 --> 00:01:45,480 It was a brilliant fusion of technologies. 63 00:01:45,480 --> 00:01:47,560 But of course it wasn't without its challenges. 64 00:01:47,560 --> 00:01:48,560 Yeah, I was about to ask, 65 00:01:48,560 --> 00:01:52,080 didn't previous photonic ships have some limitations? 66 00:01:52,080 --> 00:01:52,920 They did. 67 00:01:52,920 --> 00:01:54,440 And that's where this new Taiji chip 68 00:01:54,440 --> 00:01:56,520 comes in with a really innovative approach. 69 00:01:56,520 --> 00:01:59,040 It all comes down to how it manipulates light 70 00:01:59,040 --> 00:02:02,520 using two key concepts, interference and diffraction. 71 00:02:02,520 --> 00:02:04,280 Okay, interference, I remember that 72 00:02:04,280 --> 00:02:05,680 from our deep dove on waves. 73 00:02:05,680 --> 00:02:07,400 It's like how waves can either amplify 74 00:02:07,400 --> 00:02:08,760 or cancel each other out, right? 75 00:02:08,760 --> 00:02:11,680 Right, and photonic chips use this phenomenon 76 00:02:11,680 --> 00:02:13,080 to create logic gates, 77 00:02:13,080 --> 00:02:15,880 which are like the fundamental building blocks of computation. 78 00:02:15,880 --> 00:02:17,360 So they're kind of like the transistors 79 00:02:17,360 --> 00:02:18,400 in electronic chips. 80 00:02:18,400 --> 00:02:21,200 Exactly, and they work by manipulating the intensity 81 00:02:21,200 --> 00:02:23,600 of light to perform logical operations. 82 00:02:23,600 --> 00:02:25,640 Interesting, so playing with the brightness of light 83 00:02:25,640 --> 00:02:27,240 is like flipping those ones and those. 84 00:02:27,240 --> 00:02:28,080 You got it. 85 00:02:28,080 --> 00:02:29,080 Now diffraction is a bit different. 86 00:02:29,080 --> 00:02:31,960 Imagine shining a flashlight through a narrow slit. 87 00:02:31,960 --> 00:02:33,360 I think I've done that before. 88 00:02:33,360 --> 00:02:34,720 Instead of a sharp line of light, 89 00:02:34,720 --> 00:02:37,000 you see a wire more diffused pattern. 90 00:02:37,000 --> 00:02:39,000 That's because the light bends and spreads out 91 00:02:39,000 --> 00:02:41,120 as it passes to the opening, it diffracts. 92 00:02:41,120 --> 00:02:41,960 Okay, I can picture that. 93 00:02:41,960 --> 00:02:44,240 So how does diffraction play into computation? 94 00:02:44,240 --> 00:02:46,680 Well, you can encode data into the properties of light 95 00:02:46,680 --> 00:02:47,920 and then pass it through layers 96 00:02:47,920 --> 00:02:50,120 that diffract the light in specific ways. 97 00:02:50,120 --> 00:02:52,960 Each layer acts like a mini pre-program circuit, 98 00:02:52,960 --> 00:02:55,920 performing a specific operation based on how it diffracts 99 00:02:55,920 --> 00:02:56,760 the light. 100 00:02:56,760 --> 00:02:57,960 So it's kind of like a mini circuit board, 101 00:02:57,960 --> 00:03:00,040 hardwired for a certain function. 102 00:03:00,040 --> 00:03:02,880 Exactly, but the problem was these diffractive operations 103 00:03:02,880 --> 00:03:05,400 were fixed, they couldn't be easily reconfigured, 104 00:03:05,400 --> 00:03:07,840 and that lack of flexibility was a major hurdle 105 00:03:07,840 --> 00:03:08,960 for photonic chips. 106 00:03:08,960 --> 00:03:10,240 Okay, I see where you're going with this. 107 00:03:10,240 --> 00:03:11,920 So this is where the Tai Chi chip comes in 108 00:03:11,920 --> 00:03:12,760 and shakes things up. 109 00:03:12,760 --> 00:03:13,600 You got it. 110 00:03:13,600 --> 00:03:16,080 The Tai Chi chip cleverly combines both diffraction 111 00:03:16,080 --> 00:03:18,360 and interference to create a system 112 00:03:18,360 --> 00:03:20,120 that is both fast and flexible. 113 00:03:20,120 --> 00:03:21,240 Wait, so it uses both. 114 00:03:21,240 --> 00:03:22,320 How does that even work? 115 00:03:22,320 --> 00:03:24,200 Picture this, first data is encoded 116 00:03:24,200 --> 00:03:27,360 as specific optical patterns using diffraction. 117 00:03:27,360 --> 00:03:29,040 Then these patterns enter a device called 118 00:03:29,040 --> 00:03:30,960 a Mach-Sender interferometer, 119 00:03:30,960 --> 00:03:33,960 which uses interference to manipulate the light beams. 120 00:03:33,960 --> 00:03:36,840 This interferometer performs complex calculations. 121 00:03:36,840 --> 00:03:38,880 Finally, the output is decoded 122 00:03:38,880 --> 00:03:40,480 using another diffraction layer. 123 00:03:40,480 --> 00:03:43,000 Wow, so it's like a carefully choreographed dance of light 124 00:03:43,000 --> 00:03:44,720 with diffraction setting the stage 125 00:03:44,720 --> 00:03:46,840 and interference making the magic happen. 126 00:03:46,840 --> 00:03:47,880 That's a great way to put it. 127 00:03:47,880 --> 00:03:50,000 And because photonic computing can perform 128 00:03:50,000 --> 00:03:52,000 many operations simultaneously, 129 00:03:52,000 --> 00:03:54,280 it blows traditional computing out of the water 130 00:03:54,280 --> 00:03:55,360 in terms of speed. 131 00:03:55,360 --> 00:03:57,600 So instead of processing things one step at a time, 132 00:03:57,600 --> 00:03:59,600 it's like a whole orchestra playing in harmony. 133 00:03:59,600 --> 00:04:00,720 Precisely. 134 00:04:00,720 --> 00:04:02,320 But speed isn't the only advantage. 135 00:04:02,320 --> 00:04:04,960 The Tai Chi chip also boasts some impressive stats 136 00:04:04,960 --> 00:04:07,200 when it comes to complexity and accuracy. 137 00:04:07,200 --> 00:04:09,040 Okay, I'm all yours, tell me more. 138 00:04:09,040 --> 00:04:12,680 This chip can handle a mind-blowing 14 million parameters. 139 00:04:12,680 --> 00:04:14,680 14 million, whoa. 140 00:04:14,680 --> 00:04:16,920 But what does that even mean handling parameters? 141 00:04:16,920 --> 00:04:17,880 Good question. 142 00:04:17,880 --> 00:04:19,880 Parameters are essentially the variables 143 00:04:19,880 --> 00:04:22,600 that control the complexity of an AI model. 144 00:04:22,600 --> 00:04:23,840 So the more parameters, 145 00:04:23,840 --> 00:04:26,160 the more sophisticated the AI can be. 146 00:04:26,160 --> 00:04:28,640 And 14 million is a huge leap forward 147 00:04:28,640 --> 00:04:29,880 for photonic computing. 148 00:04:29,880 --> 00:04:32,160 Okay, so more parameters, more brain power got it. 149 00:04:32,160 --> 00:04:33,520 But how does it actually perform? 150 00:04:33,520 --> 00:04:35,560 Like can it compete with traditional chips 151 00:04:35,560 --> 00:04:36,920 in terms of getting things right? 152 00:04:36,920 --> 00:04:40,200 Absolutely, in tests, it achieved 92% accuracy 153 00:04:40,200 --> 00:04:42,040 on image classification tasks. 154 00:04:42,040 --> 00:04:44,720 92%, that's amazing. 155 00:04:44,720 --> 00:04:46,080 Especially for analog computing, 156 00:04:46,080 --> 00:04:48,240 which I always thought was less precise than digital. 157 00:04:48,240 --> 00:04:50,240 That's a big deal, and it doesn't stop there. 158 00:04:50,240 --> 00:04:52,640 It's also incredibly energy efficient. 159 00:04:52,640 --> 00:04:55,800 We're talking over 1,000 times more efficient 160 00:04:55,800 --> 00:04:58,160 than even the most advanced GPUs out there. 161 00:04:58,160 --> 00:04:59,800 Hold on, so it's faster, more accurate, 162 00:04:59,800 --> 00:05:01,160 and uses way less energy? 163 00:05:01,160 --> 00:05:02,000 That's incredible. 164 00:05:02,000 --> 00:05:03,600 Does this mean we'll be seeing photonic chips 165 00:05:03,600 --> 00:05:05,720 in our phones and laptops anytime soon? 166 00:05:05,720 --> 00:05:07,120 Well, not so fast. 167 00:05:07,120 --> 00:05:08,840 There's still some challenges to overcome. 168 00:05:08,840 --> 00:05:12,160 For one, the current system still relies on external lasers, 169 00:05:12,160 --> 00:05:14,080 which makes the whole setup quite bulky. 170 00:05:14,080 --> 00:05:16,320 Ah, so miniaturization is the next hurdle. 171 00:05:16,320 --> 00:05:17,160 Exactly. 172 00:05:17,160 --> 00:05:19,120 And right now, this chip is mainly designed 173 00:05:19,120 --> 00:05:20,600 for what we call insurance, 174 00:05:20,600 --> 00:05:22,600 that is using existing AI models 175 00:05:22,600 --> 00:05:25,760 to process information, not training new ones. 176 00:05:25,760 --> 00:05:27,960 So it's more about applying what it knows 177 00:05:27,960 --> 00:05:29,440 than learning new things. 178 00:05:29,440 --> 00:05:30,600 That's a good way to put it. 179 00:05:30,600 --> 00:05:32,240 But even with those limitations, 180 00:05:32,240 --> 00:05:34,040 this chip is a major breakthrough. 181 00:05:34,040 --> 00:05:35,680 It offers a glimpse into a future 182 00:05:35,680 --> 00:05:38,600 where photonics could revolutionize computing, 183 00:05:38,600 --> 00:05:40,000 particularly in AI. 184 00:05:40,000 --> 00:05:42,040 This is seriously mind blowing stuff. 185 00:05:42,040 --> 00:05:43,560 We've covered so much already, 186 00:05:43,560 --> 00:05:44,800 from the basics of light, 187 00:05:44,800 --> 00:05:47,440 to the inner workings of this incredible chip. 188 00:05:47,440 --> 00:05:48,680 I think we need to take a break here, 189 00:05:48,680 --> 00:05:50,360 let all this information sink in. 190 00:05:50,360 --> 00:05:52,160 You know, it's really amazing when you think about it. 191 00:05:52,160 --> 00:05:55,520 It's not just about speed or efficiency with this chip. 192 00:05:55,520 --> 00:05:57,720 It's about doing things we couldn't even dream of 193 00:05:57,720 --> 00:05:59,040 with normal electronics. 194 00:05:59,040 --> 00:06:00,200 Ooh, that sounds intriguing. 195 00:06:00,200 --> 00:06:01,840 Like what kind of things are we talking about? 196 00:06:01,840 --> 00:06:03,640 Imagine a world where your devices 197 00:06:03,640 --> 00:06:06,880 are processing information at the speed of light. 198 00:06:06,880 --> 00:06:09,960 You could analyze huge amounts of data in real time. 199 00:06:09,960 --> 00:06:12,760 Stuff like medical imaging or financial markets. 200 00:06:12,760 --> 00:06:13,680 It'd be incredible. 201 00:06:13,680 --> 00:06:14,520 I see what you mean. 202 00:06:14,520 --> 00:06:16,680 It's not just about making our phones a little bit faster. 203 00:06:16,680 --> 00:06:19,560 It's like opening up a whole new world of possibilities 204 00:06:19,560 --> 00:06:20,520 and tons of fields. 205 00:06:20,520 --> 00:06:21,360 Exactly. 206 00:06:21,360 --> 00:06:23,200 And the Tai Chi chip is a big step 207 00:06:23,200 --> 00:06:24,840 towards making that a reality. 208 00:06:24,840 --> 00:06:26,400 One thing the research really highlighted 209 00:06:26,400 --> 00:06:28,520 was its potential for generative AI. 210 00:06:28,520 --> 00:06:30,080 Generative AI, oh yeah, that's the stuff 211 00:06:30,080 --> 00:06:32,680 that can create art and music and even write stories, right? 212 00:06:32,680 --> 00:06:34,200 Everyone's talking about it these days. 213 00:06:34,200 --> 00:06:35,040 That's right. 214 00:06:35,040 --> 00:06:36,280 And the researchers actually showed 215 00:06:36,280 --> 00:06:37,680 that the chip can do that. 216 00:06:37,680 --> 00:06:40,760 They used it to generate music in the style of Bach. 217 00:06:40,760 --> 00:06:43,080 Wait, a photonic chip composing music? 218 00:06:43,080 --> 00:06:43,920 That's wild. 219 00:06:43,920 --> 00:06:46,520 Did they actually release any of the music it created? 220 00:06:46,520 --> 00:06:47,400 I'd love to hear that. 221 00:06:47,400 --> 00:06:49,280 Well, the paper didn't include any audio samples, 222 00:06:49,280 --> 00:06:51,920 unfortunately, but they did say that the chip managed 223 00:06:51,920 --> 00:06:55,480 to capture some of the key elements of Bach's style. 224 00:06:55,480 --> 00:06:56,560 Still, that's pretty amazing. 225 00:06:56,560 --> 00:06:57,800 And it wasn't just the music, right? 226 00:06:57,800 --> 00:07:00,240 I think I read something about it creating artwork too. 227 00:07:00,240 --> 00:07:02,400 Yep, they used the Tai Chi chip to generate 228 00:07:02,400 --> 00:07:04,200 landscape images as well. 229 00:07:04,200 --> 00:07:07,320 They even managed to mimic the styles of Van Gogh and Munch. 230 00:07:07,320 --> 00:07:10,000 So this chip is channeling the artistic spirit 231 00:07:10,000 --> 00:07:11,160 of the great masters. 232 00:07:11,160 --> 00:07:13,280 That's kind of freaky, but also really cool. 233 00:07:13,280 --> 00:07:15,200 It definitely raises some interesting questions. 234 00:07:15,200 --> 00:07:16,440 But putting that aside for now, 235 00:07:16,440 --> 00:07:18,400 the practical applications are huge. 236 00:07:18,400 --> 00:07:20,440 Imagine what this could mean for artists, 237 00:07:20,440 --> 00:07:22,160 designers, musicians. 238 00:07:22,160 --> 00:07:23,560 They could work with AI in ways 239 00:07:23,560 --> 00:07:24,960 we've never even thought of before. 240 00:07:24,960 --> 00:07:26,360 Yeah, I can see a whole new world 241 00:07:26,360 --> 00:07:28,240 of creative possibilities opening up. 242 00:07:28,240 --> 00:07:30,920 But what about applications beyond art? 243 00:07:30,920 --> 00:07:33,280 Where else could this generative AI stuff 244 00:07:33,280 --> 00:07:34,840 make a real difference? 245 00:07:34,840 --> 00:07:38,800 Think about fields like drug discovery or material science. 246 00:07:38,800 --> 00:07:41,400 Imagine using AI to come up with new medications 247 00:07:41,400 --> 00:07:43,440 or materials that are lighter and stronger 248 00:07:43,440 --> 00:07:44,800 than anything we have now. 249 00:07:44,800 --> 00:07:46,440 Now, that would be a total game changer. 250 00:07:46,440 --> 00:07:48,920 Having AI design life-saving treatments 251 00:07:48,920 --> 00:07:51,920 or revolutionize entire industries with new materials, 252 00:07:51,920 --> 00:07:52,840 that's amazing. 253 00:07:52,840 --> 00:07:54,320 And don't forget with the energy savings, 254 00:07:54,320 --> 00:07:57,480 this chip is over 1,000 times more energy efficient 255 00:07:57,480 --> 00:07:59,080 than current GPUs. 256 00:07:59,080 --> 00:08:01,880 So it could have a huge impact on reducing carbon emissions 257 00:08:01,880 --> 00:08:03,000 and fighting climate change. 258 00:08:03,000 --> 00:08:04,520 Right, so it's faster, more powerful, 259 00:08:04,520 --> 00:08:05,680 and better for the environment. 260 00:08:05,680 --> 00:08:07,640 It's like a win-win-win situation. 261 00:08:07,640 --> 00:08:09,080 But you mentioned earlier that there are still 262 00:08:09,080 --> 00:08:10,320 some limitations, right? 263 00:08:10,320 --> 00:08:12,680 What are the main things holding this technology back 264 00:08:12,680 --> 00:08:13,760 from going mainstream? 265 00:08:13,760 --> 00:08:15,560 Mainitization is still a big challenge. 266 00:08:15,560 --> 00:08:17,720 Like we talked about, the current system is pretty bulky 267 00:08:17,720 --> 00:08:19,720 because it needs those external lasers. 268 00:08:19,720 --> 00:08:22,400 And right now, it's mostly focused on inference 269 00:08:22,400 --> 00:08:25,560 using existing AI models instead of training new ones. 270 00:08:25,560 --> 00:08:27,760 So it's really good at using what it knows, 271 00:08:27,760 --> 00:08:30,240 but not so good at learning new things yet. 272 00:08:30,240 --> 00:08:31,560 Yeah, that's a good way to put it. 273 00:08:31,560 --> 00:08:33,000 But even with those limitations, 274 00:08:33,000 --> 00:08:34,400 this is still a huge accomplishment. 275 00:08:34,400 --> 00:08:35,760 It gives us a glimpse of a future 276 00:08:35,760 --> 00:08:38,040 where photonics could completely change 277 00:08:38,040 --> 00:08:39,000 the world of computing. 278 00:08:39,000 --> 00:08:40,800 It's amazing to see how far we've come 279 00:08:40,800 --> 00:08:43,520 and to think about all the potential that's still out there. 280 00:08:43,520 --> 00:08:44,760 What are some of the other areas 281 00:08:44,760 --> 00:08:46,240 where you think photonic computing 282 00:08:46,240 --> 00:08:48,160 could have a big impact in the future? 283 00:08:48,160 --> 00:08:50,960 One area that's particularly exciting is quantum computing. 284 00:08:50,960 --> 00:08:52,680 Like I mentioned briefly earlier, 285 00:08:52,680 --> 00:08:55,480 photonics could potentially make quantum computing possible 286 00:08:55,480 --> 00:08:57,800 at room temperature, which would be revolutionary. 287 00:08:57,800 --> 00:08:59,640 Quantum computing, that always sounded like something 288 00:08:59,640 --> 00:09:01,280 straight out of Star Trek to me. 289 00:09:01,280 --> 00:09:04,540 But if photonics can make it more practical and accessible, 290 00:09:04,540 --> 00:09:06,040 that would be mind-blowing. 291 00:09:06,040 --> 00:09:07,900 Think about it, we could solve problems 292 00:09:07,900 --> 00:09:09,240 that are currently impossible 293 00:09:09,240 --> 00:09:11,960 even for the most powerful supercomputers. 294 00:09:11,960 --> 00:09:14,120 Stuff like drug discovery materials, 295 00:09:14,120 --> 00:09:16,320 science, even breaking encryption codes. 296 00:09:16,320 --> 00:09:17,840 Whoa, this is getting pretty intense. 297 00:09:17,840 --> 00:09:19,600 It's definitely making me think about the future 298 00:09:19,600 --> 00:09:20,680 in a whole new way. 299 00:09:20,680 --> 00:09:22,440 And remember, this is just the beginning. 300 00:09:22,440 --> 00:09:23,960 We're still in the early stages 301 00:09:23,960 --> 00:09:27,000 of exploring the full potential of photonic computing. 302 00:09:27,000 --> 00:09:28,800 Who knows what incredible breakthroughs 303 00:09:28,800 --> 00:09:30,120 are just around the corner? 304 00:09:30,120 --> 00:09:31,960 I can't want to see what the future holds. 305 00:09:31,960 --> 00:09:33,760 But for now, I think we need to take another break 306 00:09:33,760 --> 00:09:35,840 and let all of this sink in. 307 00:09:35,840 --> 00:09:37,320 We'll be back soon with the final part 308 00:09:37,320 --> 00:09:39,160 of our deep dive, Sid Dago-Go, anywhere. 309 00:09:40,840 --> 00:09:42,000 Welcome back, everyone. 310 00:09:42,000 --> 00:09:43,840 I gotta say, I'm still kind of reeling 311 00:09:43,840 --> 00:09:46,120 from all this talk about photonic computing. 312 00:09:46,120 --> 00:09:48,200 It's amazing to think that we might be on the edge 313 00:09:48,200 --> 00:09:50,280 of like a whole new era of computing. 314 00:09:50,280 --> 00:09:51,960 Yeah, it really is an exciting time. 315 00:09:51,960 --> 00:09:54,560 And the thing is, we've only just begun to explore 316 00:09:54,560 --> 00:09:56,240 what's possible with this technology. 317 00:09:56,240 --> 00:09:57,880 Right, but before we get too caught up 318 00:09:57,880 --> 00:10:00,160 in all the cool stuff, it's probably a good idea 319 00:10:00,160 --> 00:10:01,920 to step back and think about the bigger picture. 320 00:10:01,920 --> 00:10:03,360 Like what does all of this mean for us? 321 00:10:03,360 --> 00:10:05,480 What are the implications of a technology 322 00:10:05,480 --> 00:10:07,520 this powerful for society as a whole? 323 00:10:07,520 --> 00:10:08,840 That's such an important question. 324 00:10:08,840 --> 00:10:11,560 I mean, like any transformative technology 325 00:10:11,560 --> 00:10:14,620 for tonic computing comes with potential benefits 326 00:10:14,620 --> 00:10:15,960 and potential challenges. 327 00:10:15,960 --> 00:10:18,360 Right, it's not all sunshiny rainbows. 328 00:10:18,360 --> 00:10:21,000 What are some of the potential risks or downsides 329 00:10:21,000 --> 00:10:22,400 that we should be thinking about? 330 00:10:22,400 --> 00:10:25,120 Well, one thing that comes up a lot is the impact on jobs. 331 00:10:25,120 --> 00:10:26,960 You know, as AI gets more and more sophisticated 332 00:10:26,960 --> 00:10:29,120 and starts being used in more industries, 333 00:10:29,120 --> 00:10:31,760 there's a concern that it could lead to job displacement. 334 00:10:31,760 --> 00:10:32,920 That's a legitimate concern. 335 00:10:32,920 --> 00:10:35,000 It's happened before with new technologies, right? 336 00:10:35,000 --> 00:10:37,040 Some jobs change, some disappear. 337 00:10:37,040 --> 00:10:38,880 But how do we make sure that the benefits 338 00:10:38,880 --> 00:10:40,920 of this technology are spread evenly 339 00:10:40,920 --> 00:10:43,920 and that everyone benefits, not just a select few? 340 00:10:43,920 --> 00:10:46,720 It's all about being proactive and thinking ahead. 341 00:10:46,720 --> 00:10:48,800 We need to focus on things like education 342 00:10:48,800 --> 00:10:51,440 and retraining programs to help people get ready 343 00:10:51,440 --> 00:10:52,960 for the jobs of the future. 344 00:10:52,960 --> 00:10:54,440 We also need to create policies 345 00:10:54,440 --> 00:10:56,720 that make sure the transition is fair and equitable 346 00:10:56,720 --> 00:10:58,640 so everyone has a chance to benefit. 347 00:10:58,640 --> 00:11:00,440 I agree, it's not about stopping progress. 348 00:11:00,440 --> 00:11:03,400 It's about making sure that progress works for everyone. 349 00:11:03,400 --> 00:11:05,520 Are there any other potential downsides 350 00:11:05,520 --> 00:11:07,200 that we should be keeping an eye on? 351 00:11:07,200 --> 00:11:08,920 Access to the technology is another big one. 352 00:11:08,920 --> 00:11:10,760 We have to be careful about the digital divide 353 00:11:10,760 --> 00:11:12,560 and make sure that photonic computing 354 00:11:12,560 --> 00:11:14,960 doesn't make existing inequalities worse. 355 00:11:14,960 --> 00:11:16,520 You know, if this technology is only available 356 00:11:16,520 --> 00:11:18,480 to certain groups or regions, 357 00:11:18,480 --> 00:11:20,000 it could create even bigger gaps 358 00:11:20,000 --> 00:11:21,600 in opportunity and resources. 359 00:11:21,600 --> 00:11:22,440 Yeah, that makes sense. 360 00:11:22,440 --> 00:11:24,480 We need to make sure that this technology is developed 361 00:11:24,480 --> 00:11:26,240 and used in a way that's inclusive 362 00:11:26,240 --> 00:11:27,760 and benefits all of humanity. 363 00:11:27,760 --> 00:11:28,880 So how do we actually do that? 364 00:11:28,880 --> 00:11:30,680 What steps can we take to make sure 365 00:11:30,680 --> 00:11:33,720 that photonic computing is used responsibly and ethically? 366 00:11:33,720 --> 00:11:34,920 It's made take a team effort. 367 00:11:34,920 --> 00:11:37,440 We need policymakers, researchers, industry leaders, 368 00:11:37,440 --> 00:11:41,480 and even everyday people to have open and honest conversations 369 00:11:41,480 --> 00:11:44,000 about the potential impacts of this technology. 370 00:11:44,000 --> 00:11:46,480 It's about coming up with guidelines and regulations 371 00:11:46,480 --> 00:11:49,480 that prioritize things like ethical considerations, 372 00:11:49,480 --> 00:11:51,760 sustainability, and equal access. 373 00:11:51,760 --> 00:11:54,000 I like that, a shared vision for the future. 374 00:11:54,000 --> 00:11:56,320 It's not about one group telling everyone else 375 00:11:56,320 --> 00:11:58,160 how this technology should be used. 376 00:11:58,160 --> 00:12:00,800 It's about working together to create a plan 377 00:12:00,800 --> 00:12:02,640 for responsible innovation. 378 00:12:02,640 --> 00:12:05,240 Exactly, and it's not just about rules either. 379 00:12:05,240 --> 00:12:07,600 It's about creating a culture of responsibility 380 00:12:07,600 --> 00:12:09,080 within the tech industry. 381 00:12:09,080 --> 00:12:11,280 We need to encourage critical thinking, 382 00:12:11,280 --> 00:12:13,440 ethical decision making, and a commitment 383 00:12:13,440 --> 00:12:15,120 to using technology for good. 384 00:12:15,120 --> 00:12:17,200 Well said, it sounds like there's a lot to think about, 385 00:12:17,200 --> 00:12:19,640 but also a lot of potential for positive change. 386 00:12:19,640 --> 00:12:21,320 It's kind of both exciting and a little scary, 387 00:12:21,320 --> 00:12:22,160 don't you think? 388 00:12:22,160 --> 00:12:23,240 I agree, it's both a challenge 389 00:12:23,240 --> 00:12:25,080 and an incredible opportunity. 390 00:12:25,080 --> 00:12:26,440 We're at a really important point 391 00:12:26,440 --> 00:12:27,840 in the evolution of computing 392 00:12:27,840 --> 00:12:29,560 and the choices we make now 393 00:12:29,560 --> 00:12:31,840 will have a huge impact on the future. 394 00:12:31,840 --> 00:12:33,520 But I'm optimistic. 395 00:12:33,520 --> 00:12:35,840 I believe that if we approach this technology 396 00:12:35,840 --> 00:12:38,800 with wisdom and foresight and a real commitment 397 00:12:38,800 --> 00:12:41,800 to the common good, we can harness its power 398 00:12:41,800 --> 00:12:43,080 to create a better world. 399 00:12:43,080 --> 00:12:44,280 I'm with you on that. 400 00:12:44,280 --> 00:12:46,240 Well, on that note, I think it's time to wrap up 401 00:12:46,240 --> 00:12:48,800 our deep dive into the world of photonic computing. 402 00:12:48,800 --> 00:12:50,680 We've learned about the basics of light, 403 00:12:50,680 --> 00:12:52,920 the amazing advancements of the Tai Chi chip, 404 00:12:52,920 --> 00:12:54,800 and the broader impact this technology 405 00:12:54,800 --> 00:12:55,960 could have on society. 406 00:12:55,960 --> 00:12:56,920 It's been quite a journey. 407 00:12:56,920 --> 00:12:58,720 It has, and for our listeners out there, 408 00:12:58,720 --> 00:13:00,560 I wanna leave you with this thought. 409 00:13:00,560 --> 00:13:03,080 As photonic computing continues to evolve, 410 00:13:03,080 --> 00:13:05,600 it's going to affect every aspect of our lives 411 00:13:05,600 --> 00:13:07,560 in ways we can barely imagine. 412 00:13:07,560 --> 00:13:09,840 So stay curious, stay informed, 413 00:13:09,840 --> 00:13:11,360 and stay involved in the conversation 414 00:13:11,360 --> 00:13:13,840 about how we shape the future of technology. 415 00:13:13,840 --> 00:13:15,240 Remember, the future isn't something 416 00:13:15,240 --> 00:13:18,040 that just happens to us, it's something we build together. 417 00:13:18,040 --> 00:13:19,680 That's a perfect way to put it. 418 00:13:19,680 --> 00:13:21,640 Thanks for joining us, and until next time, 419 00:13:21,640 --> 00:13:23,640 keep exploring, keep asking questions, 420 00:13:23,640 --> 00:13:24,800 and keep diving deep.