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Welcome to your deep dive.

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Today we're gonna be tackling productivity

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and expertise and how we learn best.

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Sounds intense.

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It is.

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You know, you sent over a bunch of really interesting stuff,

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especially that David Epstein interview.

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Oh yeah, he's great.

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Yeah, his book range kind of flips the script

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on all that typical productivity advice, you know?

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It does seem like you're looking for ways

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to boost your own productivity.

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Yeah.

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And navigate a multifaceted career, which is interesting.

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But also to build this culture of learning

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and experimentation with your team.

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So let's dive into Epstein's research

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and see what we can apply to your world.

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Okay, so let's unpack this whole thing.

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Okay.

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Epstein, you know, he kind of debunks

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that popular 10,000 hour rule, right?

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This idea that if you practice anything for 10,000 hours,

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you're gonna be a master.

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Right, it's like the magic number that you just gotta hit.

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Yeah, and he argues that it's way too simplistic

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and it could be misleading.

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It is.

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And he highlights that the original research

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actually had some flaws.

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Oh, really?

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Yeah, like a super small sample size of elite violinists.

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Okay.

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And it didn't even consider like individual variations

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in how fast people learn.

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Oh, wow.

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Or other factors like how much sleep they were getting.

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Yeah.

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And the top violinists were getting way more sleep.

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Interesting.

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So who knows, maybe that's the secret to success.

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Right, more sleep.

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Yeah, right, more sleep, less practice.

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Yeah.

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So what's fascinating is that he doesn't dismiss

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the importance of practice altogether.

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Right.

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He just emphasizes that we need to understand

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what type of task we're trying to learn.

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Okay, that makes sense.

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Yeah.

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So he talks about kind learning environments.

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Okay.

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Like chess or golf, where the rules are super clear

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and the patterns repeat themselves over and over

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and feedback is immediate.

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Right, like if you hit the golf ball,

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you see exactly what's in it.

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Exactly, if you make a bad move in chess,

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you immediately know.

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Right.

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So in these areas, focus practice can lead to mastery.

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But that's not really the world most of us live in, right?

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Right, it's not so black and white.

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Our work is way more complex.

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It's constantly evolving.

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Right, and the rules are always changing.

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Exactly.

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Yeah, he calls those wicked learning environments.

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Wicked.

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Wicked.

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Yeah, so think about things like managing teams

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or entrepreneurship or even DJing,

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which he said you were learning.

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Yes.

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The rules change constantly, feedback is delayed.

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Right.

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And what worked yesterday might not work today.

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So in these wicked environments, blindly putting in 10,000

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hours on one skill might not be the best strategy.

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Right.

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Interesting.

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Yeah, instead he suggests that developing a broader set

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of tools or skills, what he calls skill stacking.

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Skill stacking, I like that.

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Becomes much more valuable.

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So instead of like going deep in one thing,

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you're going broad.

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Exactly.

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It's about having a versatile skill set

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that you can adapt to different situations.

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I like it.

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Yeah, and he uses the example of Nintendo's founder Gunpei

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Yokoi, who wasn't really at the cutting

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edge of electronics knowledge, but he

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was really good at combining existing technologies

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in new ways.

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And this led to huge hits, like the Game Boy.

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Wow.

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So he was like a master tinker.

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Exactly.

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And he called it lateral thinking with withered technology.

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That's a great phrase.

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It is.

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I love that.

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And it can be surprisingly powerful.

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So maybe instead of you feeling like you

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need to master one specific area,

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you could leverage that design skill you mentioned,

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that you've kind of been neglecting.

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You designed that really cool app in college.

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Do you think that could be an asset now?

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It definitely could be.

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I mean, think about it this way.

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You're dealing with constantly shifting demands, delayed

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feedback, and this need to improvise.

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It's not just about what you know.

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It's about how you can connect the dots

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between different skills.

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Right.

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And this resonates with your goal of building a culture

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of experimentation on your team.

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Right.

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It does.

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Yeah, because I've implemented some things

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like the head of failure role.

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Oh, yeah?

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You mentioned that?

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Yeah.

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And failure assistance at each department.

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But there's still that pressure to always win,

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even after we hit number one.

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You know?

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I see what you mean.

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It's like you're always striving for that next big thing.

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Yeah.

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But you know, this is where Epstein's Explore Exploit

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trade-off comes in.

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OK.

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Think of it like this.

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Choosing between sticking with your proven marketing

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strategy, which is exploit or experimenting

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with a risky new platform, which is Explore.

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Right.

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So Explore is what we know, and Explore is going out

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and trying new things.

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Exactly, and both have their place.

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Yeah.

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But teams often get stuck in that exploit mode,

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doing what's worked before.

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Right, we get comfortable.

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Exactly.

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But to stay innovative, you need to deliberately

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shift into Explore mode.

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OK.

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Try new things.

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And yes, risk failure.

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So encouraging my team to share both wins and failures

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openly is key.

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It is.

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Yeah.

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That way you learn collectively,

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and you avoid repeating the same mistakes.

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But it's not just about team dynamics, is it?

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Right.

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Because you mentioned that you were feeling really

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overwhelmed by information overload.

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So how can you manage all that input

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and actually be productive?

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Well, Epstein offers some strategies for that.

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For example, he suggests not starting your day with email

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because that lingering feeling of unfinished tasks

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can really sabotage your focus.

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Yeah, I can see that.

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Yeah, and he recommends starting with the one task

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that, if completed, would make your day a success.

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OK, so it's about prioritizing.

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Exactly.

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And understanding your own productivity patterns.

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So like knowing when I work best?

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Exactly.

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OK.

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You know, are you a morning person?

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Are you a night owl?

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Yeah.

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When do you do your best thinking?

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Right.

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And he also debunks multitasking, which, let's be honest,

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most of us do.

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Oh, yeah, I'm totally guilty of that.

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Right.

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But research shows that rapidly switching between tasks

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actually has this mental switching cost, making us

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less efficient and more stressed.

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So we think we're doing more, but we're actually doing less.

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Exactly.

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And feeling worse.

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And feeling worse.

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This makes me think about all those times

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I've tried to write while answering emails and planning

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meetings.

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Oh.

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Not exactly a recipe for success.

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Right, you're spreading yourself too thin.

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Yeah.

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Instead, he suggests blocking off time for focused work.

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OK.

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Minimizing distractions.

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So like turning off notifications.

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Exactly.

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Maybe even like turning off music.

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Yeah, sometimes even music can be a distraction.

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Right.

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It's about creating those pockets of uninterrupted time

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where you can really dig in and do your best work.

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So those self-regulatory practices that Epstein

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talks about, like planning experiments to improve

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and monitoring your progress and evaluating what worked,

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that's all super crucial here.

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It is.

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It's like becoming your own productivity scientist.

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I like that.

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Figuring out what works best for you

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and constantly tweaking your approach.

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And it's not just about how I do things personally, right?

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Right.

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This applies to how I lead my team too.

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Absolutely.

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So remember how I said I was trying

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to figure out how to get my team to think more creatively?

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Yes.

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And challenge their assumptions?

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Right, because it's easy to get stuck in those routines.

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It is, yeah.

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Well, Epstein highlights some fascinating research

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on forecasting.

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OK.

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And he found that foxes, those who draw

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on a wide range of information and viewpoints,

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consistently outperform more specialized hedgehogs.

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Hedgehogs.

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Hedgehogs, even when the hedgehogs have access

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to classified information.

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Wow.

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And this research project was incredibly thorough.

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OK.

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Spanning 20 years.

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Wow.

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And involving over 83,000 predictions.

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That's a lot of data.

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It is, which really makes the findings compelling.

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So it's not just about being an expert in one area.

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It's about being open to different perspectives

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and being willing to adapt to your thinking.

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Exactly.

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And this applies to so many areas for making business decisions,

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to understanding the world around us.

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So it's like that growth mindset idea.

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It is.

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It's about embracing that intellectual humility

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and realizing that we always have more to learn.

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And being open to being wrong.

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Exactly.

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Yeah.

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OK.

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So this has been really insightful.

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Oh, hasn't it?

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We've covered so much ground.

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We have.

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But I feel like we're just scratching

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the surface of what Epstein has to offer.

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We are.

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This is just the beginning.

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Right.

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We've only just started to unpack the implications of his work

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for your personal productivity.

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And for fostering that culture of learning and experimentation

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on your team.

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So much to think about.

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There is.

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But let's keep going.

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OK.

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Welcome back.

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Before the break, we were talking about creating a space

285
00:08:36,800 --> 00:08:40,120
where people feel good sharing their ideas and taking risks.

286
00:08:40,120 --> 00:08:40,600
Right.

287
00:08:40,600 --> 00:08:44,280
Psychological safety is so key for innovation.

288
00:08:44,280 --> 00:08:45,160
It is.

289
00:08:45,160 --> 00:08:47,120
But let's shift gears a little bit.

290
00:08:47,120 --> 00:08:50,160
Because you mentioned feeling overwhelmed with all the information

291
00:08:50,160 --> 00:08:51,280
you're exposed to.

292
00:08:51,280 --> 00:08:51,880
Yeah.

293
00:08:51,880 --> 00:08:54,560
And you're looking for ways to manage that overload

294
00:08:54,560 --> 00:08:56,480
and actually be more productive.

295
00:08:56,480 --> 00:08:57,280
Right.

296
00:08:57,280 --> 00:08:58,400
So how do we get it all done?

297
00:08:58,400 --> 00:09:00,040
Well, you're definitely not alone.

298
00:09:00,040 --> 00:09:01,800
That's something a lot of people struggle with.

299
00:09:01,800 --> 00:09:02,360
Right.

300
00:09:02,360 --> 00:09:04,640
But Epstein offers some really practical advice

301
00:09:04,640 --> 00:09:07,480
for boosting individual productivity.

302
00:09:07,480 --> 00:09:07,840
OK.

303
00:09:07,840 --> 00:09:09,160
I'm all ears.

304
00:09:09,160 --> 00:09:12,320
He suggests not starting your day with email.

305
00:09:12,320 --> 00:09:12,560
Yeah.

306
00:09:12,560 --> 00:09:14,680
Because that constant stream of messages

307
00:09:14,680 --> 00:09:16,960
can really create a sense of overwhelm.

308
00:09:16,960 --> 00:09:17,560
Oh, yeah.

309
00:09:17,560 --> 00:09:18,160
I can see that.

310
00:09:18,160 --> 00:09:21,240
And it makes it harder to focus on your most important tasks.

311
00:09:21,240 --> 00:09:21,720
Yeah.

312
00:09:21,720 --> 00:09:22,880
That's totally me.

313
00:09:22,880 --> 00:09:23,200
Yeah.

314
00:09:23,200 --> 00:09:24,920
I'm glued to my inbox every morning.

315
00:09:24,920 --> 00:09:25,560
Right.

316
00:09:25,560 --> 00:09:28,960
But if I'm not starting with email, where do I start?

317
00:09:28,960 --> 00:09:31,480
He suggests starting with the one task.

318
00:09:31,480 --> 00:09:31,840
OK.

319
00:09:31,840 --> 00:09:33,560
That if you completed, it would make

320
00:09:33,560 --> 00:09:36,440
you feel like the whole day was a success.

321
00:09:36,440 --> 00:09:36,800
OK.

322
00:09:36,800 --> 00:09:37,880
So it's about prioritizing.

323
00:09:37,880 --> 00:09:38,600
Exactly.

324
00:09:38,600 --> 00:09:40,800
It's about focusing on what truly matters.

325
00:09:40,800 --> 00:09:42,920
And not getting bogged down in the little things.

326
00:09:42,920 --> 00:09:43,400
Exactly.

327
00:09:43,400 --> 00:09:44,800
Don't get lost in the weeds.

328
00:09:44,800 --> 00:09:47,920
I love that it's identifying your big win for the day.

329
00:09:47,920 --> 00:09:48,440
Right.

330
00:09:48,440 --> 00:09:49,920
And building momentum from there.

331
00:09:49,920 --> 00:09:50,440
Exactly.

332
00:09:50,440 --> 00:09:52,040
It sets you up for success.

333
00:09:52,040 --> 00:09:52,400
Yeah.

334
00:09:52,400 --> 00:09:52,760
I like it.

335
00:09:52,760 --> 00:09:54,680
He also debunks multitasking.

336
00:09:54,680 --> 00:09:55,280
Uh-oh.

337
00:09:55,280 --> 00:09:57,120
Which, let's be honest, most of us do.

338
00:09:57,120 --> 00:09:57,480
Oh, yeah.

339
00:09:57,480 --> 00:09:58,400
Totally guilty of that.

340
00:09:58,400 --> 00:10:01,560
But research shows that it actually makes you less efficient.

341
00:10:01,560 --> 00:10:02,080
Really?

342
00:10:02,080 --> 00:10:03,200
And more stressed.

343
00:10:03,200 --> 00:10:06,360
So we think we're doing more, but we're actually doing less.

344
00:10:06,360 --> 00:10:07,560
Exactly.

345
00:10:07,560 --> 00:10:08,520
And feeling worse.

346
00:10:08,520 --> 00:10:09,720
And feeling worse.

347
00:10:09,720 --> 00:10:11,400
This makes me think about all those times

348
00:10:11,400 --> 00:10:13,760
I've tried to write while answering emails and planning

349
00:10:13,760 --> 00:10:14,160
meetings.

350
00:10:14,160 --> 00:10:14,880
Oh, yeah.

351
00:10:14,880 --> 00:10:15,680
Classic.

352
00:10:15,680 --> 00:10:17,640
Not exactly a recipe for success.

353
00:10:17,640 --> 00:10:17,920
Right.

354
00:10:17,920 --> 00:10:19,240
You're spreading yourself too thin.

355
00:10:19,240 --> 00:10:19,600
Yeah.

356
00:10:19,600 --> 00:10:23,880
Instead, he suggests blocking off time for focused work.

357
00:10:23,880 --> 00:10:24,240
Totally.

358
00:10:24,240 --> 00:10:25,880
Minimizing distractions.

359
00:10:25,880 --> 00:10:27,640
So like turning off notifications.

360
00:10:27,640 --> 00:10:28,280
Exactly.

361
00:10:28,280 --> 00:10:30,240
Maybe even like turning off music.

362
00:10:30,240 --> 00:10:32,680
Yeah, sometimes even music can be a distraction.

363
00:10:32,680 --> 00:10:33,320
Right.

364
00:10:33,320 --> 00:10:36,680
It's about creating those pockets of uninterrupted time

365
00:10:36,680 --> 00:10:39,480
where you can really dive deep and get things done.

366
00:10:39,480 --> 00:10:41,280
So those self-regulatory practices

367
00:10:41,280 --> 00:10:43,360
that we talked about, like planning your day

368
00:10:43,360 --> 00:10:46,640
and setting clear goals and monitoring your progress,

369
00:10:46,640 --> 00:10:48,280
those become even more important here, right?

370
00:10:48,280 --> 00:10:48,960
Absolutely.

371
00:10:48,960 --> 00:10:49,120
Yeah.

372
00:10:49,120 --> 00:10:51,880
It's like becoming the CEO of your own productivity.

373
00:10:51,880 --> 00:10:52,280
OK.

374
00:10:52,280 --> 00:10:52,840
I like that.

375
00:10:52,840 --> 00:10:54,440
You need to be intentional about how

376
00:10:54,440 --> 00:10:58,280
you manage your time and energy to maximize your output.

377
00:10:58,280 --> 00:10:59,200
It makes sense.

378
00:10:59,200 --> 00:10:59,760
Yeah.

379
00:10:59,760 --> 00:11:01,920
But it's not just about output, right?

380
00:11:01,920 --> 00:11:03,440
It's also about sustainability.

381
00:11:03,440 --> 00:11:03,920
It is.

382
00:11:03,920 --> 00:11:07,520
Like I need to be able to maintain this focus and productivity

383
00:11:07,520 --> 00:11:09,080
over the long term.

384
00:11:09,080 --> 00:11:12,200
You know, one of my biggest fears is burning things down

385
00:11:12,200 --> 00:11:14,960
in my personal life because I'm so driven in my work.

386
00:11:14,960 --> 00:11:18,240
I get that it's something a lot of high achievers struggle with.

387
00:11:18,240 --> 00:11:18,440
Nice.

388
00:11:18,440 --> 00:11:22,160
It's that drive to always be in becoming.

389
00:11:22,160 --> 00:11:22,520
Yeah.

390
00:11:22,520 --> 00:11:25,440
Constantly striving for something new and better.

391
00:11:25,440 --> 00:11:26,960
Always reaching for that next goal.

392
00:11:26,960 --> 00:11:27,720
Exactly.

393
00:11:27,720 --> 00:11:31,440
And while that can be incredibly valuable in your work,

394
00:11:31,440 --> 00:11:34,520
it can also be destructive in your personal relationship.

395
00:11:34,520 --> 00:11:34,760
Right.

396
00:11:34,760 --> 00:11:36,600
If it's not balanced with appreciation

397
00:11:36,600 --> 00:11:38,000
for what you already have.

398
00:11:38,000 --> 00:11:41,000
So it's like you need to find that sweet spot between growth

399
00:11:41,000 --> 00:11:42,040
and contentment.

400
00:11:42,040 --> 00:11:42,640
Exactly.

401
00:11:42,640 --> 00:11:45,000
It's like you need to be able to push yourself

402
00:11:45,000 --> 00:11:47,360
without losing sight of the things that really matter.

403
00:11:47,360 --> 00:11:48,640
I think that's beautifully put.

404
00:11:48,640 --> 00:11:51,120
And Epstein also talks about the importance of sleep.

405
00:11:51,120 --> 00:11:52,360
Oh, yeah.

406
00:11:52,360 --> 00:11:55,520
It might seem counterintuitive and are always on culture,

407
00:11:55,520 --> 00:11:58,520
but getting enough rest is crucial for productivity

408
00:11:58,520 --> 00:11:59,320
and creativity.

409
00:11:59,320 --> 00:12:00,360
He's absolutely right.

410
00:12:00,360 --> 00:12:00,760
Yeah.

411
00:12:00,760 --> 00:12:03,520
Think back to that study on the 10,000 hour rule.

412
00:12:03,520 --> 00:12:07,320
Remember how the top violinists were also sleeping way more.

413
00:12:07,320 --> 00:12:08,000
Oh, yeah.

414
00:12:08,000 --> 00:12:08,840
Than the other groups?

415
00:12:08,840 --> 00:12:09,640
Yeah, that's true.

416
00:12:09,640 --> 00:12:11,440
It suggests that rest and recovery

417
00:12:11,440 --> 00:12:14,040
are just as important as deliberate practice.

418
00:12:14,040 --> 00:12:14,960
Wow.

419
00:12:14,960 --> 00:12:15,560
That's a good point.

420
00:12:15,560 --> 00:12:17,720
When it comes to developing expertise.

421
00:12:17,720 --> 00:12:18,040
Yeah.

422
00:12:18,040 --> 00:12:20,440
I've definitely noticed that when I'm well rested,

423
00:12:20,440 --> 00:12:22,720
I'm so much more focused and creative.

424
00:12:22,720 --> 00:12:23,320
Exactly.

425
00:12:23,320 --> 00:12:25,200
Sleep is like a superpower.

426
00:12:25,200 --> 00:12:25,800
It is.

427
00:12:25,800 --> 00:12:26,120
Yeah.

428
00:12:26,120 --> 00:12:27,920
And this goes back to what we were saying earlier

429
00:12:27,920 --> 00:12:29,120
about sustainability.

430
00:12:29,120 --> 00:12:29,600
Right.

431
00:12:29,600 --> 00:12:32,040
You need to take care of your physical and mental well being

432
00:12:32,040 --> 00:12:34,680
if you want to perform at your best over the long term.

433
00:12:34,680 --> 00:12:36,040
This has been so eye-opening.

434
00:12:36,040 --> 00:12:38,440
I'm starting to see how all these different pieces fit together.

435
00:12:38,440 --> 00:12:40,040
It is a lot to take in.

436
00:12:40,040 --> 00:12:40,440
It is.

437
00:12:40,440 --> 00:12:43,160
But remember, it's a process, not a destination.

438
00:12:43,160 --> 00:12:43,760
Right.

439
00:12:43,760 --> 00:12:47,120
Even Epstein himself admitted to having to shift his own deeply

440
00:12:47,120 --> 00:12:48,800
held beliefs over time.

441
00:12:48,800 --> 00:12:51,040
It's about embracing that lifelong journey.

442
00:12:51,040 --> 00:12:51,480
It is.

443
00:12:51,480 --> 00:12:52,680
Of learning and growth.

444
00:12:52,680 --> 00:12:53,400
Exactly.

445
00:12:53,400 --> 00:12:54,840
Both personally and professionally.

446
00:12:54,840 --> 00:12:56,760
So it's about taking small steps,

447
00:12:56,760 --> 00:12:58,920
experimenting with different approaches,

448
00:12:58,920 --> 00:13:00,640
and finding what works best for me.

449
00:13:00,640 --> 00:13:01,160
Exactly.

450
00:13:01,160 --> 00:13:03,800
There's no one size fits all solution.

451
00:13:03,800 --> 00:13:04,240
Yeah.

452
00:13:04,240 --> 00:13:06,120
It's about finding what works for you

453
00:13:06,120 --> 00:13:10,240
and being willing to adapt and adjust as you go.

454
00:13:10,240 --> 00:13:11,040
Makes sense.

455
00:13:11,040 --> 00:13:11,800
Yeah.

456
00:13:11,800 --> 00:13:13,200
This has been incredibly helpful.

457
00:13:13,200 --> 00:13:15,040
Thank you so much for sharing your insights.

458
00:13:15,040 --> 00:13:15,560
My pleasure.

459
00:13:15,560 --> 00:13:17,160
It's been great talking with you.

460
00:13:17,160 --> 00:13:20,160
And remember, listeners, the most important takeaway

461
00:13:20,160 --> 00:13:22,560
is to stay curious.

462
00:13:22,560 --> 00:13:25,800
Keep experimenting and never stop learning.

463
00:13:25,800 --> 00:13:27,480
Couldn't have said it better myself.

464
00:13:27,480 --> 00:13:30,120
And for our listeners, here's that final thought provoking

465
00:13:30,120 --> 00:13:31,640
question from Epstein.

466
00:13:31,640 --> 00:13:35,440
What is one skill you're good at but not currently using?

467
00:13:35,440 --> 00:13:37,720
Take some time to reflect on that you never

468
00:13:37,720 --> 00:13:53,760
know where it might lead you.

