1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:02,720 All right, looks like we've got a fascinating deep dive 2 00:00:02,720 --> 00:00:03,880 ahead of us today. 3 00:00:03,880 --> 00:00:06,080 You've sent in quite the collection of materials 4 00:00:06,080 --> 00:00:07,720 on urinary elimination. 5 00:00:07,720 --> 00:00:10,120 We're talking textbooks, lecture notes, 6 00:00:10,120 --> 00:00:12,040 even some quiz questions. 7 00:00:12,040 --> 00:00:13,680 You're really digging deep into this, huh? 8 00:00:13,680 --> 00:00:16,480 It does seem like someone's getting ready to really impress 9 00:00:16,480 --> 00:00:19,080 their professors, or maybe even starting a new job 10 00:00:19,080 --> 00:00:19,840 in health care. 11 00:00:19,840 --> 00:00:21,360 We're here to help you sort through it all. 12 00:00:21,360 --> 00:00:22,320 Exactly. 13 00:00:22,320 --> 00:00:24,440 So whether you're prepping for an exam 14 00:00:24,440 --> 00:00:28,000 or just incredibly curious about this essential process, 15 00:00:28,000 --> 00:00:29,240 let's break it all down. 16 00:00:29,240 --> 00:00:31,120 We'll uncover some surprising facts, 17 00:00:31,120 --> 00:00:33,360 and you'll leave knowing way more than you thought possible 18 00:00:33,360 --> 00:00:35,680 about, well, going to the bathroom. 19 00:00:35,680 --> 00:00:37,640 It's more fascinating than most people realize. 20 00:00:37,640 --> 00:00:38,520 You're telling me. 21 00:00:38,520 --> 00:00:39,880 Just reading through this material, 22 00:00:39,880 --> 00:00:43,120 I had no idea how much goes on behind the scenes every time. 23 00:00:43,120 --> 00:00:44,560 Well, you know. 24 00:00:44,560 --> 00:00:47,040 That's what we're here for, to demystify it all. 25 00:00:47,040 --> 00:00:47,920 Exactly. 26 00:00:47,920 --> 00:00:50,040 So should we start with the basics? 27 00:00:50,040 --> 00:00:51,960 Your materials actually do a great job 28 00:00:51,960 --> 00:00:54,880 of explaining the journey urine takes from the kidneys' 29 00:00:54,880 --> 00:00:57,320 filtering waste to the bladder storing it. 30 00:00:57,320 --> 00:01:01,120 It's like a whole intricate plumbing system inside of us. 31 00:01:01,120 --> 00:01:02,320 It really is. 32 00:01:02,320 --> 00:01:04,760 And it all starts with those amazing kidneys. 33 00:01:04,760 --> 00:01:08,080 Did you know they filter about 180 liters of blood 34 00:01:08,080 --> 00:01:09,360 every single day? 35 00:01:09,360 --> 00:01:10,680 180 liters. 36 00:01:10,680 --> 00:01:12,320 How much is that like a bathtub full? 37 00:01:12,320 --> 00:01:12,960 Pretty close. 38 00:01:12,960 --> 00:01:14,600 It's a massive amount of fluid. 39 00:01:14,600 --> 00:01:17,880 And all that filtering produces about 1,200 to 1,500 40 00:01:17,880 --> 00:01:20,040 milliliters of urine per day. 41 00:01:20,040 --> 00:01:22,200 That's why it's so important to stay hydrated. 42 00:01:22,200 --> 00:01:25,000 Wow, a bathtub full of blood filtered every day. 43 00:01:25,000 --> 00:01:26,880 No wonder we need those eight glasses of water. 44 00:01:26,880 --> 00:01:29,320 So how do our kidneys even handle all that? 45 00:01:29,320 --> 00:01:31,600 You mentioned something about nephrons in the material. 46 00:01:31,600 --> 00:01:33,560 Ah, the nephrons. 47 00:01:33,560 --> 00:01:36,400 These tiny microscopic filters are the real heroes 48 00:01:36,400 --> 00:01:37,880 of the urinary system. 49 00:01:37,880 --> 00:01:39,760 Each kidney has millions of them, 50 00:01:39,760 --> 00:01:42,920 all working to remove waste products like urea and creatinine. 51 00:01:42,920 --> 00:01:44,040 Millions. 52 00:01:44,040 --> 00:01:44,840 That's incredible. 53 00:01:44,840 --> 00:01:46,680 And to think all that's happening without us 54 00:01:46,680 --> 00:01:47,840 even realizing it. 55 00:01:47,840 --> 00:01:49,880 It's a well-oiled machine, that's for sure. 56 00:01:49,880 --> 00:01:52,320 OK, so we've got the kidneys filtering the blood 57 00:01:52,320 --> 00:01:53,640 and producing urine. 58 00:01:53,640 --> 00:01:55,200 But it doesn't just stay there, does it? 59 00:01:55,200 --> 00:01:56,080 Definitely not. 60 00:01:56,080 --> 00:01:57,520 So where does it go? 61 00:01:57,520 --> 00:02:00,480 Well, from the kidneys, urine travels down these tubes 62 00:02:00,480 --> 00:02:02,080 called uritters to the bladder. 63 00:02:02,080 --> 00:02:02,800 The bladder? 64 00:02:02,800 --> 00:02:04,560 So it's basically a holding tank. 65 00:02:04,560 --> 00:02:05,400 Exactly. 66 00:02:05,400 --> 00:02:07,400 Look at it like a reservoir for urine. 67 00:02:07,400 --> 00:02:08,480 Makes sense. 68 00:02:08,480 --> 00:02:12,000 But like any good plumbing system, things can go wrong. 69 00:02:12,000 --> 00:02:13,480 And you sent in a lot of information 70 00:02:13,480 --> 00:02:16,520 about what happens when they do like UTIs and incontinence. 71 00:02:16,520 --> 00:02:18,800 Right, those are incredibly common conditions. 72 00:02:18,800 --> 00:02:21,520 And they can really impact someone's quality of life. 73 00:02:21,520 --> 00:02:24,400 Let's start with UTIs, those pesky infections 74 00:02:24,400 --> 00:02:25,560 that just won't quit. 75 00:02:25,560 --> 00:02:27,600 You even included a quiz question about them. 76 00:02:27,600 --> 00:02:28,400 Want to give it a go? 77 00:02:28,400 --> 00:02:29,360 Sure, let's hear it. 78 00:02:29,360 --> 00:02:32,400 OK, so it says, an upper urinary tract infection 79 00:02:32,400 --> 00:02:35,640 is suspected for a patient complaining of flank pain. 80 00:02:35,640 --> 00:02:37,720 What diagnostic tests should the nurse 81 00:02:37,720 --> 00:02:39,120 expect to be ordered? 82 00:02:39,120 --> 00:02:40,760 Ooh, good one. 83 00:02:40,760 --> 00:02:43,360 This really makes you think about the different types of UTIs 84 00:02:43,360 --> 00:02:44,560 and how they're diagnosed. 85 00:02:44,560 --> 00:02:45,520 Exactly. 86 00:02:45,520 --> 00:02:47,640 So what are our options? 87 00:02:47,640 --> 00:02:48,560 Well, let me see. 88 00:02:48,560 --> 00:02:52,640 OK, it says A, urinalysis, B, urine culture, 89 00:02:52,640 --> 00:02:57,320 C, urine for protein, or D, urine for sediment. 90 00:02:57,320 --> 00:02:58,000 What do you think? 91 00:02:58,000 --> 00:02:59,960 Well, the question mentions flank pain, which 92 00:02:59,960 --> 00:03:01,800 is a key symptom of an upper UTI. 93 00:03:01,800 --> 00:03:04,040 That means it's likely reached the kidneys. 94 00:03:04,040 --> 00:03:07,480 A urinalysis option A is pretty standard for UTIs, but. 95 00:03:07,480 --> 00:03:09,440 But it might not tell you the whole story. 96 00:03:09,440 --> 00:03:10,640 Exactly. 97 00:03:10,640 --> 00:03:13,840 You need to know the specific bacteria causing the infection 98 00:03:13,840 --> 00:03:15,480 to choose the right antibiotic. 99 00:03:15,480 --> 00:03:17,880 So you'd need a urine culture option B. 100 00:03:17,880 --> 00:03:18,400 Got it. 101 00:03:18,400 --> 00:03:21,360 That's how you identify the culprit and its weaknesses. 102 00:03:21,360 --> 00:03:24,480 It's like a strategic battle plan for fighting UTIs. 103 00:03:24,480 --> 00:03:25,560 I love it. 104 00:03:25,560 --> 00:03:28,400 OK, so we've tackled UTIs, but what about incontinence? 105 00:03:28,400 --> 00:03:30,840 You mentioned several different types in the materials. 106 00:03:30,840 --> 00:03:31,340 Right. 107 00:03:31,340 --> 00:03:35,400 There's not just one type of incontinence, unfortunately. 108 00:03:35,400 --> 00:03:37,320 We're talking stress incontinence, 109 00:03:37,320 --> 00:03:40,840 urge incontinence, overflow incontinence. 110 00:03:40,840 --> 00:03:44,200 Each one has its own set of triggers and characteristics. 111 00:03:44,200 --> 00:03:45,920 It's like a whole spectrum, which 112 00:03:45,920 --> 00:03:47,480 reminds me there was a quiz question about that. 113 00:03:47,480 --> 00:03:48,080 Hold on. 114 00:03:48,080 --> 00:03:50,480 A woman notices an involuntary loss of urine 115 00:03:50,480 --> 00:03:53,560 following a coughing episode is most likely experiencing 116 00:03:53,560 --> 00:03:55,640 which of the following types of incontinence? 117 00:03:55,640 --> 00:03:56,160 Hmm. 118 00:03:56,160 --> 00:03:57,780 Bactrists are stress incontinence, 119 00:03:57,780 --> 00:03:59,920 urge incontinence, overflow incontinence, 120 00:03:59,920 --> 00:04:01,560 and functional incontinence. 121 00:04:01,560 --> 00:04:03,240 This is a classic presentation. 122 00:04:03,240 --> 00:04:04,480 So what usually comes to mind when 123 00:04:04,480 --> 00:04:07,200 you think about actions like coughing or sneezing? 124 00:04:07,200 --> 00:04:09,800 Well, they both put a lot of pressure on your core, right? 125 00:04:09,800 --> 00:04:10,680 Exactly. 126 00:04:10,680 --> 00:04:12,800 And that increase in abdominal pressure 127 00:04:12,800 --> 00:04:15,760 can lead to leakage, especially if the pelvic floor muscles 128 00:04:15,760 --> 00:04:18,600 are weakened, which is what often happens in stress 129 00:04:18,600 --> 00:04:19,560 incontinence. 130 00:04:19,560 --> 00:04:22,000 So in this case, that would be our most likely culprit. 131 00:04:22,000 --> 00:04:23,560 You got it. 132 00:04:23,560 --> 00:04:25,560 It's like connecting the dots between symptoms 133 00:04:25,560 --> 00:04:26,880 and the underlying cause. 134 00:04:26,880 --> 00:04:29,280 It really highlights how one tiny clue 135 00:04:29,280 --> 00:04:31,400 can lead to a diagnosis. 136 00:04:31,400 --> 00:04:32,720 It's like detective work. 137 00:04:32,720 --> 00:04:33,400 Exactly. 138 00:04:33,400 --> 00:04:36,080 And speaking of detective work, health care providers 139 00:04:36,080 --> 00:04:38,360 have a whole arsenal of tools to figure out 140 00:04:38,360 --> 00:04:39,840 what's going on with the urinary system. 141 00:04:39,840 --> 00:04:40,720 Right. 142 00:04:40,720 --> 00:04:42,920 Besides urinalysis and urine culture, 143 00:04:42,920 --> 00:04:44,840 you also mentioned cystoscopy. 144 00:04:44,840 --> 00:04:46,440 Ah, yes, cystoscopy. 145 00:04:46,440 --> 00:04:49,040 Isn't that where they use a thin tube with a camera 146 00:04:49,040 --> 00:04:50,280 to look inside the bladder? 147 00:04:50,280 --> 00:04:51,000 Exactly. 148 00:04:51,000 --> 00:04:53,640 It's like sending in a tiny submarine to investigate. 149 00:04:53,640 --> 00:04:54,960 That's a great way to think about it. 150 00:04:54,960 --> 00:04:56,720 So they can see if there's anything going on 151 00:04:56,720 --> 00:04:59,280 in there, like inflammation or blockages. 152 00:04:59,280 --> 00:05:00,240 Precisely. 153 00:05:00,240 --> 00:05:01,520 It gives them a clear picture of what's 154 00:05:01,520 --> 00:05:03,160 happening inside the bladder. 155 00:05:03,160 --> 00:05:04,160 Fascinating. 156 00:05:04,160 --> 00:05:05,720 But what about catheters? 157 00:05:05,720 --> 00:05:08,640 They play a crucial role in managing urinary problems, 158 00:05:08,640 --> 00:05:09,160 right? 159 00:05:09,160 --> 00:05:10,160 Absolutely. 160 00:05:10,160 --> 00:05:12,880 Catheters are essential, especially when someone can't 161 00:05:12,880 --> 00:05:13,800 urinate on their own. 162 00:05:13,800 --> 00:05:16,280 And I think I remember reading there are actually 163 00:05:16,280 --> 00:05:17,800 different types of catheters, right? 164 00:05:17,800 --> 00:05:18,400 You're right. 165 00:05:18,400 --> 00:05:19,040 There are. 166 00:05:19,040 --> 00:05:21,680 You have indwelling catheters, like the Foley catheter, 167 00:05:21,680 --> 00:05:23,560 and then you have intermittent catheters. 168 00:05:23,560 --> 00:05:27,640 It's amazing how each type serves a civic purpose. 169 00:05:27,640 --> 00:05:29,600 You know, while going through these materials, 170 00:05:29,600 --> 00:05:32,720 I stumbled upon something pretty interesting. 171 00:05:32,720 --> 00:05:34,600 Did you know that catheters are actually 172 00:05:34,600 --> 00:05:37,720 named after a 19th century French surgical instrument 173 00:05:37,720 --> 00:05:38,240 maker? 174 00:05:38,240 --> 00:05:39,000 That's right. 175 00:05:39,000 --> 00:05:42,040 His name was Joseph-Frederick Benoit-Charriere. 176 00:05:42,040 --> 00:05:45,480 And get this, the French scale, which is still used today 177 00:05:45,480 --> 00:05:47,960 to measure the outer diameter of catheters, 178 00:05:47,960 --> 00:05:49,600 is also named after him. 179 00:05:49,600 --> 00:05:51,400 Talk about leaving your mark on the world. 180 00:05:51,400 --> 00:05:53,120 It really makes you appreciate the history 181 00:05:53,120 --> 00:05:55,320 behind these medical devices. 182 00:05:55,320 --> 00:05:58,560 And speaking of history, you know what else I found fascinating? 183 00:05:58,560 --> 00:06:01,120 This technique called the Creeds Method. 184 00:06:01,120 --> 00:06:02,440 The Creeds Method. 185 00:06:02,440 --> 00:06:03,400 Tell me more. 186 00:06:03,400 --> 00:06:06,120 Well, it's this technique that's been used for centuries 187 00:06:06,120 --> 00:06:07,560 to help people urinate. 188 00:06:07,560 --> 00:06:09,920 It involves applying gentle manual pressure 189 00:06:09,920 --> 00:06:11,920 on the abdomen over the bladder. 190 00:06:11,920 --> 00:06:12,320 Really? 191 00:06:12,320 --> 00:06:13,440 I've never heard of that. 192 00:06:13,440 --> 00:06:14,520 Who is it used for? 193 00:06:14,520 --> 00:06:17,120 It's often used for people who have difficulty urinating 194 00:06:17,120 --> 00:06:20,320 on their own, maybe due to nerve damage or muscle weakness. 195 00:06:20,320 --> 00:06:21,360 Wow. 196 00:06:21,360 --> 00:06:22,760 That's fascinating. 197 00:06:22,760 --> 00:06:24,800 It's amazing how people were finding solutions 198 00:06:24,800 --> 00:06:27,200 to these problems even centuries ago. 199 00:06:27,200 --> 00:06:28,160 Isn't it incredible? 200 00:06:28,160 --> 00:06:30,560 It really speaks to human ingenuity, don't you think? 201 00:06:30,560 --> 00:06:31,760 It really does. 202 00:06:31,760 --> 00:06:34,200 And speaking of ingenuity, let's delve 203 00:06:34,200 --> 00:06:36,000 into those quiz questions you mentioned that 204 00:06:36,000 --> 00:06:38,600 focus specifically on the nursing care of patients 205 00:06:38,600 --> 00:06:40,920 with urinary catheters. 206 00:06:40,920 --> 00:06:44,120 I have a feeling some of these will really test our knowledge. 207 00:06:44,120 --> 00:06:44,400 Oh, yeah. 208 00:06:44,400 --> 00:06:45,880 Give me one that'll make me think. 209 00:06:45,880 --> 00:06:47,440 OK, how about this? 210 00:06:47,440 --> 00:06:49,120 The physician orders a urine culture 211 00:06:49,120 --> 00:06:51,800 to be obtained for a patient on bed rest. 212 00:06:51,800 --> 00:06:54,160 Upon assessment, the nurse finds the patient 213 00:06:54,160 --> 00:06:57,600 to be confused and incontinent of urine. 214 00:06:57,600 --> 00:06:59,200 What should the nurse do? 215 00:06:59,200 --> 00:07:00,880 That sounds like a tricky situation. 216 00:07:00,880 --> 00:07:03,520 It definitely requires some careful thought. 217 00:07:03,520 --> 00:07:05,200 You need a clean sample for the culture, 218 00:07:05,200 --> 00:07:07,640 but the patient's condition makes it a lot harder. 219 00:07:07,640 --> 00:07:08,160 For sure. 220 00:07:08,160 --> 00:07:09,840 And look at the possible interventions. 221 00:07:09,840 --> 00:07:12,320 They all bring up important considerations. 222 00:07:12,320 --> 00:07:15,680 OK, so I've got A, bladder scan the patient's bladder 223 00:07:15,680 --> 00:07:17,640 to determine if urine is available. 224 00:07:17,640 --> 00:07:20,880 B, instruct the patient to ring the call bell 225 00:07:20,880 --> 00:07:22,520 when needing the bedpan. 226 00:07:22,520 --> 00:07:26,360 C, place the bedpan under the patient and provide privacy. 227 00:07:26,360 --> 00:07:30,000 Or D, call the physician to obtain an order for a straight 228 00:07:30,000 --> 00:07:31,400 calf. 229 00:07:31,400 --> 00:07:32,920 So what do we think? 230 00:07:32,920 --> 00:07:34,520 Where do we even start? 231 00:07:34,520 --> 00:07:35,480 Well, let's think it through. 232 00:07:35,480 --> 00:07:38,000 A bladder scan, option A, that's a good way 233 00:07:38,000 --> 00:07:39,080 to check the urine volume. 234 00:07:39,080 --> 00:07:41,080 But will it give you a sterile sample? 235 00:07:41,080 --> 00:07:44,760 Exactly, especially with a confused and incontinent patient, 236 00:07:44,760 --> 00:07:46,200 there's a big risk of contamination. 237 00:07:46,200 --> 00:07:47,400 Right, that makes sense. 238 00:07:47,400 --> 00:07:49,240 And option B, instructing the patient. 239 00:07:49,240 --> 00:07:51,960 Well, if they're confused, that's not very reliable. 240 00:07:51,960 --> 00:07:52,560 Not at all. 241 00:07:52,560 --> 00:07:54,840 And option C, just putting a bedpan under them, 242 00:07:54,840 --> 00:07:56,840 that's not going to help us get a clean sample either. 243 00:07:56,840 --> 00:07:58,520 Because of the contamination risk. 244 00:07:58,520 --> 00:07:59,560 Exactly. 245 00:07:59,560 --> 00:08:01,040 So that leaves us with? 246 00:08:01,040 --> 00:08:04,360 Option D, calling the doctor for a straight calf order. 247 00:08:04,360 --> 00:08:06,280 That's the most logical choice here. 248 00:08:06,280 --> 00:08:08,040 It might be a little more invasive, 249 00:08:08,040 --> 00:08:10,600 but it's the best way to get a sterile sample 250 00:08:10,600 --> 00:08:12,400 so the patient can get the right treatment. 251 00:08:12,400 --> 00:08:14,440 It's about weighing the risks and benefits, right? 252 00:08:14,440 --> 00:08:15,400 Exactly. 253 00:08:15,400 --> 00:08:17,960 Sometimes a slightly more invasive procedure 254 00:08:17,960 --> 00:08:20,960 is necessary to make sure the patient gets the best care 255 00:08:20,960 --> 00:08:21,680 possible. 256 00:08:21,680 --> 00:08:22,600 I like how you put that. 257 00:08:22,600 --> 00:08:24,320 So it's not just about this one test, 258 00:08:24,320 --> 00:08:25,600 it's about the bigger picture. 259 00:08:25,600 --> 00:08:26,200 Exactly. 260 00:08:26,200 --> 00:08:27,280 OK, ready for another one? 261 00:08:27,280 --> 00:08:28,400 Absolutely. 262 00:08:28,400 --> 00:08:29,520 Hit me with your best shot. 263 00:08:29,520 --> 00:08:32,080 OK, here's one that focuses on why we use catheters 264 00:08:32,080 --> 00:08:33,720 in the first place. 265 00:08:33,720 --> 00:08:37,560 One purpose of inserting an indwelling urinary catheter 266 00:08:37,560 --> 00:08:40,680 is to, what do you think? 267 00:08:40,680 --> 00:08:42,680 Ooh, OK, let's see what the options are. 268 00:08:42,680 --> 00:08:46,760 The options are A, assess the amount of residual urine, 269 00:08:46,760 --> 00:08:51,240 B, accurately measure the fluid of a critically ill patient, 270 00:08:51,240 --> 00:08:54,680 C, obtain a sterile urine specimen, 271 00:08:54,680 --> 00:08:58,480 D, relieve discomfort if the patient is unable to void. 272 00:08:58,480 --> 00:08:59,720 So what jumps out at you? 273 00:08:59,720 --> 00:09:02,360 Well, a few of those seem like they could be right, 274 00:09:02,360 --> 00:09:04,720 but isn't the main reason for an indwelling catheter 275 00:09:04,720 --> 00:09:07,200 to help patients who can't urinate on their own? 276 00:09:07,200 --> 00:09:08,880 You're on the right track. 277 00:09:08,880 --> 00:09:11,480 While catheters can be helpful for other things, 278 00:09:11,480 --> 00:09:13,800 like getting a sterile urine specimen 279 00:09:13,800 --> 00:09:15,560 or monitoring fluid balance. 280 00:09:15,560 --> 00:09:17,360 The main goal is to drain the bladder. 281 00:09:17,360 --> 00:09:17,960 Exactly. 282 00:09:17,960 --> 00:09:20,160 It's all about addressing the root of the problem. 283 00:09:20,160 --> 00:09:22,240 So is it option D then? 284 00:09:22,240 --> 00:09:26,040 Relieve discomfort if the patient is unable to void. 285 00:09:26,040 --> 00:09:26,520 You got it. 286 00:09:26,520 --> 00:09:29,360 It's like you wouldn't just put a Band-Aid on a cut 287 00:09:29,360 --> 00:09:30,840 without cleaning it first, right? 288 00:09:30,840 --> 00:09:31,360 Yeah. 289 00:09:31,360 --> 00:09:33,320 You have to address the source of the issue. 290 00:09:33,320 --> 00:09:35,000 OK, that's a great way to think about it. 291 00:09:35,000 --> 00:09:36,440 It's not just treating the symptom. 292 00:09:36,440 --> 00:09:39,560 It's about understanding the underlying issue. 293 00:09:39,560 --> 00:09:40,720 OK, ready for another one? 294 00:09:40,720 --> 00:09:41,600 Bring it on. 295 00:09:41,600 --> 00:09:43,440 All right, this one's a little more practical. 296 00:09:43,440 --> 00:09:45,480 Which of the following collection devices 297 00:09:45,480 --> 00:09:48,000 is a nurse's best option when collecting urine 298 00:09:48,000 --> 00:09:50,720 from a non-ambulatory male patient? 299 00:09:50,720 --> 00:09:51,400 What do you think? 300 00:09:51,400 --> 00:09:53,120 OK, non-ambulatory. 301 00:09:53,120 --> 00:09:55,080 So we're talking about a patient who can't easily 302 00:09:55,080 --> 00:09:55,760 get out of bed. 303 00:09:55,760 --> 00:09:56,600 Exactly. 304 00:09:56,600 --> 00:10:02,600 And the options are A, specimen hat, B, bed pan, C, 305 00:10:02,600 --> 00:10:06,440 urinal, or D, large urine collection bag. 306 00:10:06,440 --> 00:10:09,080 So we're looking for the most practical and dignified option 307 00:10:09,080 --> 00:10:10,000 for this patient. 308 00:10:10,000 --> 00:10:13,120 Well, we can probably rule out the specimen hat right away. 309 00:10:13,120 --> 00:10:14,760 That's more for, well. 310 00:10:14,760 --> 00:10:15,720 Not for urine. 311 00:10:15,720 --> 00:10:16,120 Right. 312 00:10:16,120 --> 00:10:18,000 And a large urine collection bag. 313 00:10:18,000 --> 00:10:20,280 While it could work, it's not ideal for someone 314 00:10:20,280 --> 00:10:21,800 with limited mobility. 315 00:10:21,800 --> 00:10:25,360 So we're left with a classic bed pan or a urinal. 316 00:10:25,360 --> 00:10:28,320 And in this case, since we're talking about a male patient, 317 00:10:28,320 --> 00:10:31,920 a urinal, option C, would be the most appropriate. 318 00:10:31,920 --> 00:10:34,360 Because it's designed specifically for that purpose. 319 00:10:34,360 --> 00:10:34,960 Exactly. 320 00:10:34,960 --> 00:10:36,840 It's all about using the right tool for the job 321 00:10:36,840 --> 00:10:38,960 and making sure the patient is comfortable 322 00:10:38,960 --> 00:10:40,840 and feels respected. 323 00:10:40,840 --> 00:10:42,160 Absolutely. 324 00:10:42,160 --> 00:10:44,080 Dignity is so important, especially 325 00:10:44,080 --> 00:10:45,680 in those vulnerable moments. 326 00:10:45,680 --> 00:10:47,360 OK, ready for one more in this section? 327 00:10:47,360 --> 00:10:48,000 Yeah, let's do it. 328 00:10:48,000 --> 00:10:52,000 OK, this one's about patient safety, which is always crucial. 329 00:10:52,000 --> 00:10:53,920 Which of the following nursing interventions 330 00:10:53,920 --> 00:10:55,880 would be least effective when trying 331 00:10:55,880 --> 00:10:58,480 to maintain safety for the patient with an indwelling 332 00:10:58,480 --> 00:11:00,040 capita? 333 00:11:00,040 --> 00:11:00,800 This is interesting. 334 00:11:00,800 --> 00:11:03,200 They're asking for the one that's not helpful. 335 00:11:03,200 --> 00:11:05,280 Ooh, that's a good one. 336 00:11:05,280 --> 00:11:06,880 You really have to think about it. 337 00:11:06,880 --> 00:11:07,400 Right. 338 00:11:07,400 --> 00:11:10,440 It makes you think critically about why each option is 339 00:11:10,440 --> 00:11:12,120 or isn't a good choice. 340 00:11:12,120 --> 00:11:13,960 OK, here are our options. 341 00:11:13,960 --> 00:11:16,560 A, restrict fluid intake. 342 00:11:16,560 --> 00:11:19,920 B, report signs of infection immediately. 343 00:11:19,920 --> 00:11:23,320 C, maintain a closed drainage system. 344 00:11:23,320 --> 00:11:28,840 Or D, empty the urine drainage bag at least every eight hours. 345 00:11:28,840 --> 00:11:31,840 Well, options B, C, and D, those are all 346 00:11:31,840 --> 00:11:33,960 about preventing infection, which is super important 347 00:11:33,960 --> 00:11:34,600 with catheters. 348 00:11:34,600 --> 00:11:36,120 Right, those seem pretty standard. 349 00:11:36,120 --> 00:11:36,800 Exactly. 350 00:11:36,800 --> 00:11:39,080 You want to catch any signs of infection early, 351 00:11:39,080 --> 00:11:41,080 keep that system closed off to bacteria, 352 00:11:41,080 --> 00:11:45,400 and empty that bag regularly to prevent any backflow. 353 00:11:45,400 --> 00:11:46,920 So that leaves us with. 354 00:11:46,920 --> 00:11:48,880 Option A, restricting fluid intake. 355 00:11:48,880 --> 00:11:51,560 But wait, wouldn't you want them to drink more fluids? 356 00:11:51,560 --> 00:11:53,000 You're thinking along the right lines. 357 00:11:53,000 --> 00:11:54,680 You might think reducing fluid intake 358 00:11:54,680 --> 00:11:57,160 would mean less urine and fewer problems, 359 00:11:57,160 --> 00:11:59,200 but it can actually make UPIs more likely. 360 00:11:59,200 --> 00:12:01,840 Because you need enough fluid to flush out those bacteria. 361 00:12:01,840 --> 00:12:02,320 Exactly. 362 00:12:02,320 --> 00:12:03,400 Hydration is key. 363 00:12:03,400 --> 00:12:05,400 So even if it seems counterintuitive, 364 00:12:05,400 --> 00:12:08,200 encouraging fluids is actually the safer approach. 365 00:12:08,200 --> 00:12:08,920 Exactly. 366 00:12:08,920 --> 00:12:11,000 It's a good reminder that what seems like common sense 367 00:12:11,000 --> 00:12:13,520 isn't always the best course of action in health care. 368 00:12:13,520 --> 00:12:16,720 You really have to know the why behind the what. 369 00:12:16,720 --> 00:12:17,320 Absolutely. 370 00:12:17,320 --> 00:12:19,760 It's not just about managing the catheter. 371 00:12:19,760 --> 00:12:22,120 It's about understanding the potential risks 372 00:12:22,120 --> 00:12:23,480 and how to prevent them. 373 00:12:23,480 --> 00:12:26,200 It's about taking care of the whole patient. 374 00:12:26,200 --> 00:12:27,120 Well said. 375 00:12:27,120 --> 00:12:29,120 You know, going through these materials and these quiz 376 00:12:29,120 --> 00:12:32,040 questions, it really makes you realize there's so much more 377 00:12:32,040 --> 00:12:34,400 to urinary catheters than meets the eye. 378 00:12:34,400 --> 00:12:34,960 There really is. 379 00:12:34,960 --> 00:12:37,000 It's more than just the device itself. 380 00:12:37,000 --> 00:12:40,920 It's about patient safety, comfort, dignity, 381 00:12:40,920 --> 00:12:43,240 and knowing all the ins and outs to provide 382 00:12:43,240 --> 00:12:44,720 the best possible care. 383 00:12:44,720 --> 00:12:46,240 Couldn't have said it better myself. 384 00:12:46,240 --> 00:12:48,880 Speaking of which, we still have one more question 385 00:12:48,880 --> 00:12:51,160 about a very unique approach. 386 00:12:51,160 --> 00:12:52,160 Oh yeah, that's right. 387 00:12:52,160 --> 00:12:53,200 The Creeds method. 388 00:12:53,200 --> 00:12:54,920 That one really piqued my interest. 389 00:12:54,920 --> 00:12:56,400 What does the question ask? 390 00:12:56,400 --> 00:12:59,520 It asks, the nurse is caring for a patient who 391 00:12:59,520 --> 00:13:03,360 has difficulty voiding due to a flaccid bladder. 392 00:13:03,360 --> 00:13:05,720 Which nursing intervention would be most appropriate 393 00:13:05,720 --> 00:13:07,560 to promote bladder emptying? 394 00:13:07,560 --> 00:13:10,440 OK, so a flaccid bladder, that means the bladder muscles 395 00:13:10,440 --> 00:13:12,000 aren't contracting like they should, 396 00:13:12,000 --> 00:13:14,000 which makes it really hard to urinate. 397 00:13:14,000 --> 00:13:17,360 It sounds incredibly uncomfortable, to say the least. 398 00:13:17,360 --> 00:13:18,960 Definitely not a fun situation. 399 00:13:18,960 --> 00:13:21,720 And the quiz question gives us a few options. 400 00:13:21,720 --> 00:13:25,320 A, encourage the patient to drink cranberry juice. 401 00:13:25,320 --> 00:13:28,520 B, teach the patient about the Creeds method. 402 00:13:28,520 --> 00:13:31,600 C, insert a straight catheter every four hours 403 00:13:31,600 --> 00:13:33,160 to drain the bladder. 404 00:13:33,160 --> 00:13:36,440 Or D, place the patient on bed rest 405 00:13:36,440 --> 00:13:39,320 to reduce metabolic demands. 406 00:13:39,320 --> 00:13:41,520 So what's our best course of action here? 407 00:13:41,520 --> 00:13:42,960 All right, let's think about it. 408 00:13:42,960 --> 00:13:45,800 Option A, cranberry juice. 409 00:13:45,800 --> 00:13:48,520 It's good for preventing UTIs, but it's not 410 00:13:48,520 --> 00:13:50,280 going to help empty the bladder directly. 411 00:13:50,280 --> 00:13:52,080 Right, it's more of a preventative measure. 412 00:13:52,080 --> 00:13:52,800 Exactly. 413 00:13:52,800 --> 00:13:55,120 And option C, frequent catheterization, 414 00:13:55,120 --> 00:13:56,320 that's a possibility. 415 00:13:56,320 --> 00:13:58,680 But it comes with its own risks, like infection. 416 00:13:58,680 --> 00:14:01,400 Not to mention it's not exactly the most comfortable thing 417 00:14:01,400 --> 00:14:02,040 for the patient. 418 00:14:02,040 --> 00:14:02,760 For sure. 419 00:14:02,760 --> 00:14:04,400 And then option D, bed rest. 420 00:14:04,400 --> 00:14:06,720 That's not really going to actively help the bladder empty. 421 00:14:06,720 --> 00:14:09,120 So that leaves us with option B, teaching the patient 422 00:14:09,120 --> 00:14:10,280 about the Creeds method. 423 00:14:10,280 --> 00:14:11,080 Exactly. 424 00:14:11,080 --> 00:14:13,280 Because remember, we talked about how the Creeds method uses 425 00:14:13,280 --> 00:14:14,720 gentle pressure on the abdomen. 426 00:14:14,720 --> 00:14:16,480 Right, to help manually empty the bladder. 427 00:14:16,480 --> 00:14:17,360 Precisely. 428 00:14:17,360 --> 00:14:19,520 And it can be a really effective technique for patients 429 00:14:19,520 --> 00:14:20,960 with a flaccid bladder. 430 00:14:20,960 --> 00:14:23,440 And it's non-invasive, which is always a plus. 431 00:14:23,440 --> 00:14:24,120 That's amazing. 432 00:14:24,120 --> 00:14:27,720 Something developed so long ago is still so relevant today. 433 00:14:27,720 --> 00:14:30,520 It really shows you the power of simple solutions 434 00:14:30,520 --> 00:14:33,080 and how sometimes the old ways are still the best. 435 00:14:33,080 --> 00:14:33,640 I love that. 436 00:14:33,640 --> 00:14:35,880 It's like combining the best of both worlds, 437 00:14:35,880 --> 00:14:38,040 the ancient and the modern. 438 00:14:38,040 --> 00:14:39,760 Well, I think we've successfully tackled 439 00:14:39,760 --> 00:14:42,080 this incredible collection of urinary knowledge 440 00:14:42,080 --> 00:14:43,040 you sent our way. 441 00:14:43,040 --> 00:14:44,680 We covered a lot of ground. 442 00:14:44,680 --> 00:14:47,120 From the anatomy of the urinary system 443 00:14:47,120 --> 00:14:50,120 to those tiny nephrons working hard in our kidneys 444 00:14:50,120 --> 00:14:53,200 to the challenges like UTIs and incontinence, 445 00:14:53,200 --> 00:14:55,680 and even that fascinating Creeds method. 446 00:14:55,680 --> 00:14:57,240 Who knew there was so much to learn 447 00:14:57,240 --> 00:14:58,400 about going to the bathroom? 448 00:14:58,400 --> 00:14:59,320 It just goes to show. 449 00:14:59,320 --> 00:15:01,120 There's always something new to discover. 450 00:15:01,120 --> 00:15:03,600 And whether you're a student, a health care professional, 451 00:15:03,600 --> 00:15:06,320 or just someone curious about how their body works, 452 00:15:06,320 --> 00:15:09,360 we hope you walked away today feeling empowered and informed. 453 00:15:09,360 --> 00:15:10,080 Absolutely. 454 00:15:10,080 --> 00:15:11,360 Knowledge is power. 455 00:15:11,360 --> 00:15:13,560 And understanding our bodies is the first step 456 00:15:13,560 --> 00:15:14,600 to taking care of them. 457 00:15:14,600 --> 00:15:15,760 Well said. 458 00:15:15,760 --> 00:15:18,200 And on that note, we're going to wrap things up for today. 459 00:15:18,200 --> 00:15:19,960 But before you go, we want to leave you 460 00:15:19,960 --> 00:15:21,800 with something to ponder. 461 00:15:21,800 --> 00:15:23,120 We talked a lot about the science 462 00:15:23,120 --> 00:15:25,800 behind urinary elimination, but we're curious. 463 00:15:25,800 --> 00:15:27,920 What are some of the social and cultural factors 464 00:15:27,920 --> 00:15:30,200 that influence how we view and manage 465 00:15:30,200 --> 00:15:32,120 this very natural bodily function? 466 00:15:32,120 --> 00:15:33,360 It's something to think about. 467 00:15:33,360 --> 00:15:59,240 Until next time, stay curious and stay hydrated.