WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:02.540 All right. Welcome, everyone, to Meteorology 00:00:02.540 --> 00:00:05.519 Matters, where we dig into all sorts of interesting 00:00:05.519 --> 00:00:08.599 weather and climate stuff, you know, all that 00:00:08.599 --> 00:00:10.619 good stuff. Yeah. If you haven't already, make 00:00:10.619 --> 00:00:13.679 sure to follow meteorologist Rob Jones on Instagram 00:00:13.679 --> 00:00:17.879 at Meteorologist and on TikTok at TV Meteorologist. 00:00:17.899 --> 00:00:20.620 Right. And of course, don't forget to subscribe 00:00:20.620 --> 00:00:23.280 to Rob Jones Hurricane on YouTube, where you 00:00:23.280 --> 00:00:25.829 can also find the Meteorology Matters podcast 00:00:25.829 --> 00:00:27.969 playlist. Yeah, all the good stuff all in one 00:00:27.969 --> 00:00:29.710 place. And today we're gonna be talking about 00:00:29.710 --> 00:00:34.310 something that is pretty weird going on in dumb 00:00:34.310 --> 00:00:38.750 ass Florida. There's this proposed bill, it's 00:00:38.750 --> 00:00:43.609 Senate Bill 56, and it's trying to ban quote 00:00:43.609 --> 00:00:47.200 unquote, geoengineering and weather modification 00:00:47.200 --> 00:00:49.359 activities, which when you first hear it maybe 00:00:49.359 --> 00:00:51.479 doesn't sound that crazy. Right. But this bill 00:00:51.479 --> 00:00:54.320 is really focused on chemtrails, you know, the 00:00:54.320 --> 00:00:57.159 conspiracy theory. Oh, yeah. And this has caused 00:00:57.159 --> 00:01:00.100 some debate down in dumbass Florida. And what's 00:01:00.100 --> 00:01:01.759 really interesting is that it's it's kind of 00:01:01.759 --> 00:01:03.880 getting mixed up with other discussions like 00:01:03.880 --> 00:01:06.060 a whole fluoride in the water thing. Yeah, it's 00:01:06.060 --> 00:01:07.500 really interesting how these things can really 00:01:07.500 --> 00:01:09.459 capture the public imagination and sometimes 00:01:09.459 --> 00:01:13.790 lead to you know, policy decisions that maybe 00:01:13.790 --> 00:01:16.209 aren't based on the most solid scientific evidence. 00:01:16.670 --> 00:01:19.109 Yeah. So our goal today is to really break down 00:01:19.109 --> 00:01:23.989 this dumb -ass Florida bill. Okay. And understand 00:01:23.989 --> 00:01:26.989 the science behind contrails and weather modification 00:01:26.989 --> 00:01:30.650 that it's, you know, trying to address. And kind 00:01:30.650 --> 00:01:32.170 of see, like, what's the bigger picture here? 00:01:32.450 --> 00:01:34.030 You know, what's going on? Absolutely. Yeah, 00:01:34.030 --> 00:01:36.109 let's get into it. So let's start with just, 00:01:36.109 --> 00:01:39.150 like, the actual bill. Yeah. SB 56 down in dumb 00:01:39.150 --> 00:01:41.640 -ass Florida. Yeah, so essentially this bill 00:01:41.640 --> 00:01:44.739 wants to completely prohibit any kind of like 00:01:44.739 --> 00:01:48.140 injection or release or dispersion of, you know, 00:01:48.359 --> 00:01:50.760 any substance into the atmosphere in Dumbass, 00:01:50.760 --> 00:01:53.799 Florida. And the key part here is that it's specifically 00:01:53.799 --> 00:01:56.280 targeting activities that are intended to affect 00:01:56.280 --> 00:01:58.459 the temperature, the weather, or even the intensity 00:01:58.459 --> 00:02:00.319 of the sunlight. Yeah, and it's not just like 00:02:00.319 --> 00:02:02.560 a random, you know, thought, like they're really 00:02:02.560 --> 00:02:05.620 focused on chemtrails. Which, if you're not familiar, 00:02:05.980 --> 00:02:07.980 is this conspiracy theory that's been around 00:02:07.980 --> 00:02:11.800 for decades now that basically says that the 00:02:11.800 --> 00:02:14.060 government is secretly spraying chemicals into 00:02:14.060 --> 00:02:16.370 the air for like... you know, some kind of hidden 00:02:16.370 --> 00:02:18.629 purpose. Right. Exactly. And it's a fascinating 00:02:18.629 --> 00:02:22.250 example of how, you know, these sort of like 00:02:22.250 --> 00:02:25.569 misinterpretations of perfectly natural phenomena 00:02:25.569 --> 00:02:28.270 can kind of snowball into these pretty elaborate 00:02:28.270 --> 00:02:30.250 conspiracy theories. Yeah. And it's not just 00:02:30.250 --> 00:02:32.289 a ban. You know, like the bill goes further and 00:02:32.289 --> 00:02:35.469 suggests setting up this like hotline. Oh, wow. 00:02:35.629 --> 00:02:39.719 For dumbass Florida residents to report. these 00:02:39.719 --> 00:02:42.379 suspected chemtrails, which, I mean, can you 00:02:42.379 --> 00:02:45.099 imagine? I can only imagine the volume of calls. 00:02:45.400 --> 00:02:48.000 Yeah, and then the dumbass Florida Department 00:02:48.000 --> 00:02:50.139 of Environmental Protection, or DEP as they call 00:02:50.139 --> 00:02:52.680 it, would have to track all these complaints, 00:02:53.199 --> 00:02:55.080 and Senator Garcia, who's sponsoring the bill, 00:02:55.199 --> 00:02:57.419 has even said that this might require more staff 00:02:57.419 --> 00:02:59.599 and resources, and just to make sure you wonder 00:02:59.599 --> 00:03:01.719 what kind of data they're really expecting to 00:03:01.719 --> 00:03:04.699 get out of this. Yeah, it's definitely a curious 00:03:04.699 --> 00:03:07.199 use of resources, to say the least, especially 00:03:07.199 --> 00:03:10.699 when the scientific community has already pretty 00:03:10.699 --> 00:03:13.520 thoroughly debunked these claims. And it's worth 00:03:13.520 --> 00:03:16.120 noting that this bill actually received bipartisan 00:03:16.120 --> 00:03:18.520 support in the Senate Appropriations Committee 00:03:18.520 --> 00:03:21.199 on Agriculture, Environment, and General Government, 00:03:21.599 --> 00:03:25.110 which I think speaks to... how much these concerns, 00:03:25.169 --> 00:03:27.509 even if they are unfounded, are really resonating 00:03:27.509 --> 00:03:29.449 across the political spectrum. Yeah, that was 00:03:29.449 --> 00:03:31.490 surprising to me that it was bipartisan, but 00:03:31.490 --> 00:03:33.689 it gets even more interesting. Oh, really? The 00:03:33.689 --> 00:03:36.289 bill also wants to drastically increase the penalty 00:03:36.289 --> 00:03:38.750 for doing any kind of weather modification operations 00:03:38.750 --> 00:03:42.960 without a permit. Like going from 500 bucks right 00:03:42.960 --> 00:03:46.840 to whopping $10 ,000 Wow and not only that but 00:03:46.840 --> 00:03:49.259 it also wants to completely repeal all the other 00:03:49.259 --> 00:03:51.360 weather Modification laws that are already in 00:03:51.360 --> 00:03:53.919 place in dumbass, Florida. Oh, wow. So it's like 00:03:53.919 --> 00:03:56.319 they're taking this incredibly drastic approach 00:03:56.319 --> 00:04:00.379 to You know regulating or other I guess prohibiting 00:04:00.379 --> 00:04:02.539 weather modification both the real and the imagined 00:04:02.539 --> 00:04:04.599 Yeah, like they're using a sledgehammer to deal 00:04:04.599 --> 00:04:07.639 with you know, a ghost essentially precisely. 00:04:07.819 --> 00:04:09.659 Yeah And it goes even further than that. What 00:04:09.659 --> 00:04:12.159 else could there be? The bill also would take 00:04:12.159 --> 00:04:15.639 away the power of state agencies to even study 00:04:15.639 --> 00:04:19.699 weather modification for like emergency situations. 00:04:19.699 --> 00:04:22.319 You know, like let's say there's a really dense 00:04:22.319 --> 00:04:25.740 fog that's causing safety issues like this bill 00:04:25.740 --> 00:04:28.379 would basically prevent them from even exploring 00:04:28.379 --> 00:04:31.720 the possibility of dispersing that fog. And it 00:04:31.720 --> 00:04:34.560 also takes away the DEP's ability to do any research 00:04:34.560 --> 00:04:36.899 in this area. So this could have some pretty 00:04:36.899 --> 00:04:39.839 significant unintended consequences, right? Right. 00:04:40.180 --> 00:04:42.279 I mean, while it seems like they're laser focused 00:04:42.279 --> 00:04:45.279 on addressing these, you know, chemtrail fears, 00:04:45.420 --> 00:04:48.379 the language of the bill is so broad that it 00:04:48.379 --> 00:04:51.459 could really hinder their ability to, you know, 00:04:51.639 --> 00:04:54.420 use actual established scientific methods to 00:04:54.420 --> 00:04:56.600 deal with legitimate weather challenges. Right. 00:04:56.600 --> 00:04:58.500 And this isn't even just a dumbass Florida thing. 00:04:58.620 --> 00:05:00.540 We're seeing this pop up. Oh, really? In other 00:05:00.540 --> 00:05:03.459 states, too, particularly those with Republican 00:05:03.459 --> 00:05:05.899 leadership like Tennessee. They actually passed 00:05:05.899 --> 00:05:08.649 a ban last year. Oh, wow. Kentucky and Arizona 00:05:08.649 --> 00:05:10.829 are also looking at similar things. And there 00:05:10.829 --> 00:05:13.170 are reports that Iowa might be considering something 00:05:13.170 --> 00:05:15.170 along these lines too. So it seems like there's 00:05:15.170 --> 00:05:17.589 a real trend here, huh? Like a growing influence 00:05:17.589 --> 00:05:20.529 of these chemtrail concerns in certain political 00:05:20.529 --> 00:05:22.709 circles, which really raises some questions about 00:05:22.709 --> 00:05:25.629 how misinformation can shape policy in different 00:05:25.629 --> 00:05:30.199 regions. Yeah. Senator Eliana Garcia who's sponsoring 00:05:30.199 --> 00:05:32.519 the bill down there in dumbass, Florida She's 00:05:32.519 --> 00:05:35.000 been quoted as saying that her goal is to encourage 00:05:35.000 --> 00:05:39.519 dialogue and create a quote repository Quote 00:05:39.519 --> 00:05:43.240 to log track investigate and mitigate She even 00:05:43.240 --> 00:05:45.139 mentioned getting calls from like all over the 00:05:45.139 --> 00:05:47.000 world about this and being called a conspiracy 00:05:47.000 --> 00:05:50.100 theorist herself. Oh, wow So it seems like she's 00:05:50.100 --> 00:05:51.920 really feeling the pressure from this. Yeah, 00:05:51.939 --> 00:05:54.500 it definitely highlights how much passion and 00:05:54.500 --> 00:05:56.560 how deeply held these beliefs are surrounding 00:05:56.560 --> 00:05:59.000 this issue. And while I think encouraging open 00:05:59.000 --> 00:06:01.360 dialogue is always a good thing, it's so important 00:06:01.360 --> 00:06:03.279 to make sure these discussions are grounded in 00:06:03.279 --> 00:06:05.680 reality, you know, in scientific evidence and 00:06:05.680 --> 00:06:08.800 not just fueled by unsubstantiated fears. Yeah. 00:06:09.000 --> 00:06:11.100 And even Senate Democratic leader Jason Pito, 00:06:11.160 --> 00:06:13.180 who initially seemed a bit skeptical of the bill. 00:06:13.720 --> 00:06:16.480 He ended up voting for it, too. So, you know, 00:06:16.480 --> 00:06:19.839 it just shows you. how this issue, despite having 00:06:19.839 --> 00:06:23.680 no real scientific backing, is gaining traction 00:06:23.680 --> 00:06:25.899 in the political world. It's really interesting 00:06:25.899 --> 00:06:28.540 to see how these things can play out. So we've 00:06:28.540 --> 00:06:31.379 kind of laid out what this bill in dumbass Florida 00:06:31.379 --> 00:06:33.920 is trying to do. But let's actually talk about 00:06:33.920 --> 00:06:36.120 the science behind it all. You know, what are 00:06:36.120 --> 00:06:38.139 contrails? What's the deal with this chemtrail 00:06:38.139 --> 00:06:40.959 conspiracy? Right. So let's break it down. Contrails, 00:06:41.040 --> 00:06:44.629 first of all, you know, If we go by the definition 00:06:44.629 --> 00:06:47.490 for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 00:06:47.790 --> 00:06:50.610 or NOAA, there are basically those line -shaped 00:06:50.610 --> 00:06:53.889 clouds that you see forming. Behind jets. Yeah 00:06:53.889 --> 00:06:57.850 high up in the sky and They happen when the hot 00:06:57.850 --> 00:07:00.709 humid exhaust from those jet engines Mixes with 00:07:00.709 --> 00:07:03.050 the super cold air up in the atmosphere right 00:07:03.050 --> 00:07:04.990 and basically the water vapor in the exhaust 00:07:04.990 --> 00:07:07.870 cools down really quickly and Condenses and freezes 00:07:07.870 --> 00:07:09.930 into these tiny ice crystals, right? It's kind 00:07:09.930 --> 00:07:11.509 of like when you see your breath on a cold day 00:07:11.509 --> 00:07:13.949 Yeah, it's the same kind of principle just frozen 00:07:13.949 --> 00:07:16.790 water But then you have the chemtrail conspiracy 00:07:16.790 --> 00:07:19.569 theory which says that these contrails are actually 00:07:19.569 --> 00:07:23.000 like, you know chemicals being deliberately released 00:07:23.000 --> 00:07:25.519 by the government for some secret reason. Right. 00:07:25.600 --> 00:07:28.660 And the reasons that they give vary wildly. You 00:07:28.660 --> 00:07:30.500 know, some people think it's about weather control. 00:07:30.620 --> 00:07:33.259 Some think it's about population control through 00:07:33.259 --> 00:07:35.740 spraying toxins. Right. Some think it's some 00:07:35.740 --> 00:07:38.220 kind of secret military program. But none of 00:07:38.220 --> 00:07:40.939 these theories really have any consistent scientific 00:07:40.939 --> 00:07:44.000 basis. And they mostly rely on misinterpreting 00:07:44.000 --> 00:07:46.160 natural phenomena. Yeah. And it's important to 00:07:46.160 --> 00:07:48.100 note that some people who believe in chemtrails 00:07:48.699 --> 00:07:51.100 also think there's this link between contrails 00:07:51.100 --> 00:07:53.980 and cloud seeding. They think it's all part of 00:07:53.980 --> 00:07:56.579 the same shadowy government operation. Right, 00:07:56.699 --> 00:07:58.899 they kind of lump it all together, but cloud 00:07:58.899 --> 00:08:01.259 seeding is a real technique that we'll talk about 00:08:01.259 --> 00:08:03.019 a bit later, but it's very different from what 00:08:03.019 --> 00:08:05.019 the chemtrail theorists are claiming. Right, 00:08:05.220 --> 00:08:07.519 and NOAA has been super clear about this. They've 00:08:07.519 --> 00:08:10.220 said that... Solar geoengineering, which we'll 00:08:10.220 --> 00:08:13.500 also discuss more later, is quote unquote non 00:08:13.500 --> 00:08:15.800 -existent as far as like real -world deployment 00:08:15.800 --> 00:08:20.160 goes. And they specifically say that they don't 00:08:20.160 --> 00:08:23.100 do weather modification based on chemtrail theories. 00:08:23.399 --> 00:08:25.720 They don't fund it. They don't participate in 00:08:25.720 --> 00:08:28.079 it. They don't oversee cloud seeding or anything 00:08:28.079 --> 00:08:30.120 like that. And they've even said straight up 00:08:30.120 --> 00:08:33.580 that geoengineering did not cause or impact any 00:08:33.580 --> 00:08:36.179 past hurricanes. So I mean, that seems pretty 00:08:36.179 --> 00:08:38.200 definitive to me. Yeah, they're pretty clear 00:08:38.200 --> 00:08:41.059 about where they stand on that. And as the leading 00:08:41.059 --> 00:08:44.519 authority on our oceans and atmosphere, I think 00:08:44.519 --> 00:08:46.379 Noah's word carries a lot of weight here. And 00:08:46.379 --> 00:08:48.940 they've repeatedly debunked these chemtrail claims. 00:08:48.980 --> 00:08:51.080 So if you're looking for reliable information, 00:08:51.639 --> 00:08:54.139 I think that's a good place to start. Yeah, and 00:08:54.139 --> 00:08:55.840 it seems like this whole chemtrail conspiracy 00:08:55.840 --> 00:08:59.100 really started gaining traction in the late 90s, 00:08:59.299 --> 00:09:01.519 especially through shows like Art Bill's radio 00:09:01.519 --> 00:09:04.000 show, which was known for talking about all sorts 00:09:04.000 --> 00:09:06.720 of fringe topics. Right, right, those late night 00:09:06.720 --> 00:09:08.720 radio shows. Yeah and then of course with the 00:09:08.720 --> 00:09:11.139 internet these ideas have just exploded. Absolutely. 00:09:11.360 --> 00:09:13.059 And spread all over the place and they often 00:09:13.059 --> 00:09:15.899 use regular contrails as like Visual proof. Yeah, 00:09:15.919 --> 00:09:18.440 the visual aspect is so powerful, right? Contrals 00:09:18.440 --> 00:09:20.740 are something that people see all the time. And 00:09:20.740 --> 00:09:22.860 they can look pretty different depending on the 00:09:22.860 --> 00:09:25.340 atmospheric conditions. Right. So it's easy to 00:09:25.340 --> 00:09:27.720 misinterpret those natural variations as something 00:09:27.720 --> 00:09:30.340 more sinister if you're already predisposed to 00:09:30.340 --> 00:09:32.240 believe in a conspiracy. Yeah. And the internet 00:09:32.240 --> 00:09:34.759 has really given these theories a platform to 00:09:34.759 --> 00:09:37.340 thrive. Yeah. You know, people can find and share 00:09:37.340 --> 00:09:39.620 information regardless of whether it's true or 00:09:39.620 --> 00:09:42.220 not. Exactly. And those echo chambers can be 00:09:42.220 --> 00:09:44.730 really powerful for reinforcing these beliefs. 00:09:45.009 --> 00:09:47.309 It's also interesting how chemtrail believers 00:09:47.309 --> 00:09:51.350 often keep an eye on developments in legitimate 00:09:51.350 --> 00:09:53.870 geoengineering research. Right. Like they'll 00:09:53.870 --> 00:09:56.960 point to any discussions or experiments in that 00:09:56.960 --> 00:10:00.039 field as proof that their chemtrail conspiracy 00:10:00.039 --> 00:10:02.899 is real. Yeah, it's a classic example of confirmation 00:10:02.899 --> 00:10:04.980 bias. You know, they're selectively seeking out 00:10:04.980 --> 00:10:07.500 information that confirms their existing beliefs, 00:10:07.659 --> 00:10:10.080 even if it's taken out of context or misinterpreted. 00:10:10.200 --> 00:10:12.759 Yeah, and we hear all sorts of claims from people 00:10:12.759 --> 00:10:14.659 who believe in this stuff, like they'll say they 00:10:14.659 --> 00:10:16.679 saw a ton of planes leaving these white trails 00:10:16.679 --> 00:10:18.419 or that the trails are hanging around in the 00:10:18.419 --> 00:10:22.279 sky for way longer than normal contrails. Yeah, 00:10:22.320 --> 00:10:25.649 and spreading out. forming these weird patterns. 00:10:26.169 --> 00:10:28.210 Right, so how do scientists explain these observations? 00:10:28.590 --> 00:10:32.210 Well, a lot of it comes down to just basic atmospheric 00:10:32.210 --> 00:10:34.470 science and understanding air traffic patterns. 00:10:34.710 --> 00:10:37.570 So what might seem like a huge number of planes 00:10:37.570 --> 00:10:40.190 could just be because you're near a busy air 00:10:40.190 --> 00:10:43.129 corridor. And as for the trails lasting a long 00:10:43.129 --> 00:10:45.809 time, that really depends on the humidity and 00:10:45.809 --> 00:10:47.690 the temperature up in the atmosphere. If the 00:10:47.690 --> 00:10:50.549 air is very cold and humid, those contrails can 00:10:50.549 --> 00:10:52.970 linger for hours and spread out because of wind 00:10:52.970 --> 00:10:55.500 shear. and they can even form these cirrus -like 00:10:55.500 --> 00:10:57.899 clouds, which is all perfectly normal and fits 00:10:57.899 --> 00:11:00.320 with our understanding of how clouds form and 00:11:00.320 --> 00:11:02.220 behave. Yeah, and there was even a survey done 00:11:02.220 --> 00:11:04.879 where scientists were asked about this, and almost 00:11:04.879 --> 00:11:08.620 all of them, like something like 98 .7%, agreed 00:11:08.620 --> 00:11:11.019 that there's just no scientific evidence to support 00:11:11.019 --> 00:11:13.259 the chemtrail theory. Yeah, that's a pretty clear 00:11:13.259 --> 00:11:15.799 consensus. Yeah, they said that all the supposed 00:11:15.799 --> 00:11:18.950 evidence could be explained by... normal contrails 00:11:18.950 --> 00:11:21.750 or even just bad data collection by chemtrail 00:11:21.750 --> 00:11:24.269 websites. Right. It's not even a debate in the 00:11:24.269 --> 00:11:26.309 scientific community. The evidence just isn't 00:11:26.309 --> 00:11:28.190 there. And you mentioned earlier how important 00:11:28.190 --> 00:11:30.470 the visuals are for this chemtrail thing. Right. 00:11:30.750 --> 00:11:32.909 Especially online. Yeah. You see all these pictures 00:11:32.909 --> 00:11:35.399 and videos on YouTube. And if you don't have 00:11:35.399 --> 00:11:37.740 a scientific background, it can look pretty convincing. 00:11:37.919 --> 00:11:40.460 Yeah, vigils are so easily shared, and they can 00:11:40.460 --> 00:11:42.960 be really persuasive even if they're taken out 00:11:42.960 --> 00:11:45.700 of context or presented with misleading information. 00:11:45.919 --> 00:11:48.879 Yeah, a picture of a long -lasting contrail with 00:11:48.879 --> 00:11:50.700 a caption that says, look, they're spraying us, 00:11:51.019 --> 00:11:53.960 can spread like wildfire on social media. Exactly. 00:11:54.139 --> 00:11:57.039 And unfortunately, those algorithms often prioritize 00:11:57.039 --> 00:11:59.320 engagement over accuracy. So even if something 00:11:59.320 --> 00:12:02.519 is totally false, it can still get a lot of attention. 00:12:02.639 --> 00:12:05.259 Yeah, and it's not like, Believing in chemtrails 00:12:05.259 --> 00:12:07.519 is some rare thing surveys have shown that it's 00:12:07.519 --> 00:12:09.879 actually pretty common Which is kind of scary 00:12:09.879 --> 00:12:12.460 when you think about it Yeah, it really underscores 00:12:12.460 --> 00:12:15.159 the challenges we face in communicating accurate 00:12:15.159 --> 00:12:18.200 scientific information and fighting misinformation 00:12:18.200 --> 00:12:21.159 So we've talked about the dumbass Florida bill 00:12:21.159 --> 00:12:24.259 and the science behind it all but now let's actually 00:12:24.259 --> 00:12:27.899 talk about real weather modification and Geoengineering. 00:12:27.899 --> 00:12:30.220 Okay. Yeah, those are the terms that are right 00:12:30.220 --> 00:12:32.580 at the heart of this bill. Yeah So what is weather 00:12:32.580 --> 00:12:35.049 modification like? How does NOAA define it? So 00:12:35.049 --> 00:12:37.730 they define it as any activity done with the 00:12:37.730 --> 00:12:40.549 intention of creating artificial changes in the 00:12:40.549 --> 00:12:42.529 composition behavior or dynamics of the atmosphere. 00:12:42.690 --> 00:12:44.870 Yeah, that's pretty broad. It is, yeah. But it 00:12:44.870 --> 00:12:46.769 covers a lot of different techniques, the most 00:12:46.769 --> 00:12:49.269 well -known being cloud seeding, which is when 00:12:49.269 --> 00:12:51.909 people try to influence precipitation, like making 00:12:51.909 --> 00:12:55.009 it rain or snow more, or even trying to suppress 00:12:55.009 --> 00:12:57.029 hail. Yeah. And how does that actually work, 00:12:57.049 --> 00:12:59.210 cloud seeding? It sounds like something out of 00:12:59.210 --> 00:13:01.669 a movie. It does, yeah. So the most common way 00:13:01.669 --> 00:13:04.009 to do it is to introduce these tiny particles. 00:13:03.950 --> 00:13:07.690 like silver iodide into clouds that have supercooled 00:13:07.690 --> 00:13:09.470 water droplets, which means the water's below 00:13:09.470 --> 00:13:12.190 freezing, but it's still liquid. And these particles 00:13:12.190 --> 00:13:15.070 act as nuclei, so they give the water vapor something 00:13:15.070 --> 00:13:18.450 to condense onto and freeze forming ice crystals. 00:13:18.909 --> 00:13:21.330 And if those crystals get big enough, they'll 00:13:21.330 --> 00:13:25.019 fall as snow or melt and turn into rain. And 00:13:25.019 --> 00:13:26.759 there are a couple of ways to do this. You can 00:13:26.759 --> 00:13:29.320 have ground -based generators that release the 00:13:29.320 --> 00:13:31.360 particles into the air and they get carried up 00:13:31.360 --> 00:13:35.179 into the clouds. Or you can have planes fly directly 00:13:35.179 --> 00:13:37.480 into the clouds and disperse the seeding agent. 00:13:37.860 --> 00:13:40.399 I've heard that cloud seeding is used in some 00:13:40.399 --> 00:13:42.980 of the drier states out west like Utah to try 00:13:42.980 --> 00:13:45.269 to get more water. That's right. It's been used 00:13:45.269 --> 00:13:47.230 for a long time, especially in mountainous areas 00:13:47.230 --> 00:13:49.429 during the winter to try to get more snow. Right. 00:13:49.570 --> 00:13:51.490 And then that snow melts in the spring and summer 00:13:51.490 --> 00:13:54.509 and adds to their water supply. But the effectiveness 00:13:54.509 --> 00:13:56.889 of cloud seeding is still being researched and 00:13:56.889 --> 00:13:59.750 debated, especially for warmer weather clouds. 00:13:59.870 --> 00:14:02.529 Yeah. And it's kind of telling that the dumbass 00:14:02.529 --> 00:14:05.230 Florida bill would ban cloud seeding, even though 00:14:05.230 --> 00:14:07.250 it's a real technique that could have benefits. 00:14:07.330 --> 00:14:09.590 Yeah. It really shows how they're mixing up legitimate 00:14:09.590 --> 00:14:13.679 science with the chemtrail conspiracy. Yeah, 00:14:13.759 --> 00:14:16.059 like by banning anything that tries to change 00:14:16.059 --> 00:14:18.279 the weather, they might actually prevent the 00:14:18.279 --> 00:14:21.279 use of helpful techniques for water management, 00:14:21.879 --> 00:14:24.259 or even dealing with extreme weather, even though 00:14:24.259 --> 00:14:26.419 there's no proof that dumbass Florida is even 00:14:26.419 --> 00:14:28.559 doing any cloud seeding right now. Right. It 00:14:28.559 --> 00:14:30.779 seems like a reaction to a problem that doesn't 00:14:30.779 --> 00:14:33.779 exist. Now let's talk about geoengineering. OK. 00:14:34.039 --> 00:14:37.039 Which NOAA also calls solar radiation modification, 00:14:37.679 --> 00:14:41.059 or SRM. Yeah. This sounds way bigger and more 00:14:41.059 --> 00:14:43.080 complicated than cloud seeding. It is, yeah. 00:14:43.419 --> 00:14:46.700 Geoengineering, or SRM, is basically about intentionally 00:14:46.700 --> 00:14:49.500 making large -scale changes to the Earth's climate 00:14:49.500 --> 00:14:52.980 system. Wow. The goal is to reduce global temperatures 00:14:52.980 --> 00:14:55.440 by reflecting more sunlight back into space. 00:14:55.620 --> 00:14:57.639 So it's like trying to counteract the warming 00:14:57.639 --> 00:15:00.000 from greenhouse gases by essentially turning 00:15:00.000 --> 00:15:01.700 down the sun a little bit. And what are some 00:15:01.700 --> 00:15:03.080 of the ways they're talking about doing that? 00:15:03.200 --> 00:15:05.200 Well, there are a few ideas that are being researched, 00:15:05.240 --> 00:15:08.159 but it's all still very theoretical. One of the 00:15:08.159 --> 00:15:10.379 most discussed methods is called stratospheric 00:15:10.379 --> 00:15:13.639 aerosol injection, or SAI. And that involves 00:15:13.639 --> 00:15:16.440 injecting tiny reflective particles into the 00:15:16.440 --> 00:15:18.279 stratosphere, which is the layer of the atmosphere 00:15:18.279 --> 00:15:20.700 above where we live. And the idea is that these 00:15:20.700 --> 00:15:22.820 particles would reflect sunlight back into space 00:15:22.820 --> 00:15:24.860 and cool the planet, kind of like what happens 00:15:24.860 --> 00:15:28.039 after a big volcanic eruption. Another method 00:15:28.039 --> 00:15:31.379 is marine cloud brightening, or MCB. And that's 00:15:31.379 --> 00:15:34.480 about making low -lying clouds over the ocean 00:15:34.480 --> 00:15:37.639 more reflective by spraying tiny seawater particles 00:15:37.639 --> 00:15:40.200 into them. Interesting. And there are also ideas 00:15:40.200 --> 00:15:43.000 like changing the reflectivity of surfaces on 00:15:43.000 --> 00:15:45.919 Earth, like painting roofs white or making agricultural 00:15:45.919 --> 00:15:48.279 land more reflective. And there are even some 00:15:48.279 --> 00:15:52.039 really futuristic space -based ideas, like launching 00:15:52.039 --> 00:15:55.120 giant mirrors into space to deflect sunlight. 00:15:55.320 --> 00:15:58.000 Wow. It sounds like such. Yeah, some of it does. 00:15:58.419 --> 00:16:00.899 But out of all of these, SAI and MCB seem to 00:16:00.899 --> 00:16:02.580 be getting the most attention from researchers. 00:16:02.899 --> 00:16:05.899 But there are still so many unknowns and potential 00:16:05.899 --> 00:16:09.139 risks with these approaches. Like climate models 00:16:09.139 --> 00:16:11.340 suggest that they could have a cooling effect, 00:16:11.340 --> 00:16:13.500 but we don't really know how well they would 00:16:13.500 --> 00:16:15.120 work in the real world. And more importantly, 00:16:15.159 --> 00:16:18.179 we don't fully understand the potential side 00:16:18.179 --> 00:16:20.159 effects they could have. Right. Like what could 00:16:20.159 --> 00:16:23.019 go wrong? Yeah, exactly. Like SAI, for example, 00:16:23.340 --> 00:16:26.690 it's mimicking volcanic eruptions. which we know 00:16:26.690 --> 00:16:29.549 can temporarily cool the planet. But we don't 00:16:29.549 --> 00:16:31.210 know what would happen if we started doing this 00:16:31.210 --> 00:16:34.490 on a regular basis for... years or decades. Yeah, 00:16:34.509 --> 00:16:36.169 like, what would that do to the atmosphere? Right, 00:16:36.169 --> 00:16:38.950 exactly. And what about the effects on rainfall 00:16:38.950 --> 00:16:42.049 patterns or ecosystems? There are so many questions 00:16:42.049 --> 00:16:44.230 that need to be answered before we even consider 00:16:44.230 --> 00:16:46.309 deploying these technologies. And the federal 00:16:46.309 --> 00:16:47.590 government has been looking into this, right? 00:16:47.669 --> 00:16:49.289 Wasn't there a report that came out a few years 00:16:49.289 --> 00:16:51.830 ago? Yeah, in 2023, the government released a 00:16:51.830 --> 00:16:54.289 report about a research plan and a framework 00:16:54.289 --> 00:16:57.269 for governing SRM technologies with a focus on 00:16:57.269 --> 00:17:01.490 SAI and MCB. OK. And the report stresses how 00:17:01.490 --> 00:17:03.850 important it is to do more. or research to really 00:17:03.850 --> 00:17:05.710 understand what these technologies could do, 00:17:05.809 --> 00:17:08.089 both good and bad. Like, how effective would 00:17:08.089 --> 00:17:10.789 they be at mitigating climate change? What are 00:17:10.789 --> 00:17:13.430 the potential ecological impacts, the health 00:17:13.430 --> 00:17:16.990 risks, the ethical considerations? There are 00:17:16.990 --> 00:17:19.640 so many factors to consider. But the report wasn't 00:17:19.640 --> 00:17:21.480 saying we should actually start deploying these 00:17:21.480 --> 00:17:24.079 things. No, not at all. It explicitly said that 00:17:24.079 --> 00:17:26.960 they do not endorse deploying SRM. It was more 00:17:26.960 --> 00:17:28.900 about saying, hey, we need to understand this 00:17:28.900 --> 00:17:30.900 stuff. Right. Because it could be important in 00:17:30.900 --> 00:17:33.539 the future, and we need to figure out how to 00:17:33.539 --> 00:17:37.119 govern it properly and do it safely if we ever 00:17:37.119 --> 00:17:39.599 decide to go down that road. And I remember there 00:17:39.599 --> 00:17:41.660 was a lot of controversy when they did that first 00:17:41.660 --> 00:17:43.980 outdoor test with releasing aerosols back in 00:17:43.980 --> 00:17:46.619 2024. Oh, yeah. They had to shut it down quickly 00:17:46.619 --> 00:17:48.000 because people were worried about the health 00:17:47.980 --> 00:17:50.700 risks. Right, and that really put geoengineering 00:17:50.700 --> 00:17:53.019 in the spotlight and combined with all the chemtrail 00:17:53.019 --> 00:17:55.980 fears, it seems like it's contributed to this 00:17:55.980 --> 00:17:58.319 push for cracking down on weather modification 00:17:58.319 --> 00:18:00.519 even more. Yeah, so we've talked about what the 00:18:00.519 --> 00:18:02.380 Dumbass Florida bill is trying to do and all 00:18:02.380 --> 00:18:05.200 the science involved, but what about the regulations 00:18:05.200 --> 00:18:07.759 that Dumbass Florida already has about weather 00:18:07.759 --> 00:18:09.859 modification? Oh yeah, those are interesting. 00:18:09.980 --> 00:18:11.279 Yeah, because the bill would get rid of those 00:18:11.279 --> 00:18:14.859 too. Dumbass Florida has actually had rules about 00:18:14.859 --> 00:18:18.380 weather modification since 1957. Wow, that's 00:18:18.380 --> 00:18:21.299 a long time. Yeah. and they required anyone who 00:18:21.299 --> 00:18:23.640 wanted to do weather modification to get a license. 00:18:23.980 --> 00:18:27.119 And to apply, you had to pay a $1 ,000 filing 00:18:27.119 --> 00:18:30.740 fee and a $50 annual renewal fee. And you had 00:18:30.740 --> 00:18:33.299 to prove that you were financially responsible 00:18:33.299 --> 00:18:36.220 and you had to keep detailed records of everything 00:18:36.220 --> 00:18:39.660 you did, like what methods you used, what materials 00:18:39.660 --> 00:18:42.279 you released, the dates, times, locations, all 00:18:42.279 --> 00:18:44.319 of that. Wow, that's pretty thorough. Yeah, and 00:18:44.319 --> 00:18:46.099 those records were supposed to be available for 00:18:46.099 --> 00:18:49.299 the public to see. And there were penalties for 00:18:49.299 --> 00:18:52.259 breaking the rules fines up to $500 and even 00:18:52.259 --> 00:18:55.279 jail time up to 60 days. Wow, so they were pretty 00:18:55.279 --> 00:18:57.779 serious about it. Yeah, and they even had provisions 00:18:57.779 --> 00:19:00.839 for emergency licenses if needed. But you said 00:19:00.839 --> 00:19:03.279 earlier that there haven't been any applications 00:19:03.279 --> 00:19:06.440 for weather modification licenses in dumbass 00:19:06.440 --> 00:19:08.950 Florida in the last 10 years. That's right. Yeah, 00:19:09.170 --> 00:19:11.109 it seems like despite having these regulations 00:19:11.109 --> 00:19:14.470 for over half a century, there haven't been any 00:19:14.470 --> 00:19:17.569 weather modification projects that needed a license 00:19:17.569 --> 00:19:20.490 in recent times. Huh. So they're getting rid 00:19:20.490 --> 00:19:22.849 of rules for something that nobody's even doing. 00:19:23.109 --> 00:19:26.630 Exactly. And the bill also repeals the part that 00:19:26.630 --> 00:19:29.730 allowed the DEP to study weather modification. 00:19:29.869 --> 00:19:32.640 Right. There's an evidence that they ever actually 00:19:32.640 --> 00:19:34.660 did any studies. So it's like they're eliminating 00:19:34.660 --> 00:19:36.599 regulations for something that doesn't even seem 00:19:36.599 --> 00:19:38.720 to exist in the state. It's all because of the 00:19:38.720 --> 00:19:40.799 chemtrail thing, isn't it? It really seems like 00:19:40.799 --> 00:19:43.039 it, yeah. Like the fear of something that's not 00:19:43.039 --> 00:19:46.339 real is leading to getting rid of rules for something 00:19:46.339 --> 00:19:48.799 that also doesn't seem to be happening. It's 00:19:48.799 --> 00:19:51.500 a strange situation, to say the least. Now let's 00:19:51.500 --> 00:19:53.359 talk about that fluoride issue you mentioned 00:19:53.359 --> 00:19:56.019 earlier. Right. Because that's another example 00:19:56.019 --> 00:19:58.660 of how these unfounded fears are affecting things 00:19:58.660 --> 00:20:01.569 in Dumbass Florida. Yeah, there's this other 00:20:01.569 --> 00:20:03.490 bill that's going through the legislature that 00:20:03.490 --> 00:20:06.009 would stop local governments from adding fluoride 00:20:06.009 --> 00:20:08.829 to the water. Really? Yeah. And this is another 00:20:08.829 --> 00:20:11.890 case where there's a strong scientific consensus 00:20:11.890 --> 00:20:14.690 that fluoride is good for preventing cavities, 00:20:14.829 --> 00:20:16.680 but people are still afraid of it. Yeah, I've 00:20:16.680 --> 00:20:18.460 heard some people say that it's dangerous. Yeah, 00:20:18.619 --> 00:20:20.720 there are a lot of misconceptions about fluoride, 00:20:20.779 --> 00:20:23.700 and some pretty prominent figures in dumbass 00:20:23.700 --> 00:20:26.259 Florida have been pushing for its removal, like 00:20:26.259 --> 00:20:28.700 the Surgeon General. Oh, wow. He's been saying 00:20:28.700 --> 00:20:32.660 that fluoride has neuropsychiatric... even though 00:20:32.660 --> 00:20:36.119 dental experts disagree and the scientific evidence 00:20:36.119 --> 00:20:39.019 doesn't really support that. So it's like personal 00:20:39.019 --> 00:20:41.180 beliefs are overriding the science. It seems 00:20:41.180 --> 00:20:43.599 that way, yeah. And the Surgeon General's stance 00:20:43.599 --> 00:20:45.859 has been really controversial. A lot of people 00:20:45.859 --> 00:20:47.720 in the dental and scientific communities are 00:20:47.720 --> 00:20:49.859 speaking out against it. Yeah, I can imagine. 00:20:50.140 --> 00:20:52.599 It's a situation where a small amount of data 00:20:52.599 --> 00:20:55.619 or even flawed studies are being used to outweigh 00:20:55.619 --> 00:20:58.099 a huge amount of evidence that supports fluoride 00:20:58.099 --> 00:21:00.519 as a safe and effective public health measure. 00:21:00.559 --> 00:21:03.140 And there are people like Robert F. Kennedy Jr. 00:21:03.279 --> 00:21:05.559 who's been promoting conspiracy theories about 00:21:05.559 --> 00:21:09.680 both chemtrails and fluoride. Right. And even 00:21:09.680 --> 00:21:12.539 Governor Ron DeSantis has questioned adding fluoride 00:21:12.539 --> 00:21:15.609 to the water, calling it forced medication. It's 00:21:15.609 --> 00:21:17.910 interesting how these issues can get linked together 00:21:17.910 --> 00:21:21.509 and how there seems to be this distrust of institutions 00:21:21.509 --> 00:21:23.690 and experts running through it all. Yeah, it's 00:21:23.690 --> 00:21:25.470 like they don't trust the government or scientists. 00:21:25.609 --> 00:21:27.910 Right. And that can create an environment where 00:21:27.910 --> 00:21:30.529 misinformation can really flourish. And some 00:21:30.529 --> 00:21:32.910 places in dumbass Florida have already started 00:21:32.910 --> 00:21:35.009 taking fluoride out of their water. Yeah, which 00:21:35.009 --> 00:21:37.609 is worrying because it could have real consequences 00:21:37.609 --> 00:21:40.369 for people's dental health. This whole situation 00:21:40.369 --> 00:21:42.230 really makes you think about how important it 00:21:42.230 --> 00:21:44.109 is to think critically about the information 00:21:44.109 --> 00:21:46.670 you come across. Absolutely. Critical thinking 00:21:46.670 --> 00:21:49.730 is so crucial, especially in today's world where 00:21:49.730 --> 00:21:53.309 we're bombarded with information from all directions. 00:21:53.450 --> 00:21:55.269 Yeah, it seems like the dumbass Florida bill 00:21:55.269 --> 00:21:57.690 and the fluoride issue are both stemming from 00:21:57.690 --> 00:22:00.880 a lack of critical thinking. Yeah. You know, 00:22:00.960 --> 00:22:02.779 people are just accepting these claims without 00:22:02.779 --> 00:22:04.420 really looking into them. That's a big part of 00:22:04.420 --> 00:22:06.680 it. Yeah. Critical thinking involves being able 00:22:06.680 --> 00:22:10.319 to reason logically, but it also requires certain 00:22:10.319 --> 00:22:13.259 dispositions like being open -minded and skeptical. 00:22:13.720 --> 00:22:16.019 Right. And having a foundation of knowledge to 00:22:16.019 --> 00:22:17.720 work with. It's not just about intelligence. 00:22:17.779 --> 00:22:20.660 It's about how you approach information and how 00:22:20.660 --> 00:22:23.660 you evaluate whether it's valid or not. So you're 00:22:23.660 --> 00:22:25.839 saying someone can be really smart, but still 00:22:25.839 --> 00:22:28.819 believe in chemtrails or be afraid of fluoride 00:22:28.819 --> 00:22:31.220 even though the science says otherwise. Exactly 00:22:31.220 --> 00:22:33.980 a good example is Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. Oh 00:22:33.980 --> 00:22:36.339 the Sherlock Holmes guy. Yeah he was a brilliant 00:22:36.339 --> 00:22:38.740 writer who created this character and known for 00:22:38.740 --> 00:22:41.420 his amazing deduction skills. Right. But Conan 00:22:41.420 --> 00:22:44.519 Doyle himself believed in things like spiritualism 00:22:44.519 --> 00:22:47.039 and fairies even though there was no real evidence 00:22:47.039 --> 00:22:49.759 for them. Wow that's surprising. Yeah it shows 00:22:49.759 --> 00:22:52.710 that Being intelligent doesn't automatically 00:22:52.710 --> 00:22:55.029 make you a good critical thinker, especially 00:22:55.029 --> 00:22:57.369 when it comes to emotionally charged beliefs 00:22:57.369 --> 00:22:59.829 or things that you really want to be true. It's 00:22:59.829 --> 00:23:01.869 about having that healthy skepticism and being 00:23:01.869 --> 00:23:04.130 willing to change your mind when you're presented 00:23:04.130 --> 00:23:06.150 with new evidence. So it's not just about how 00:23:06.150 --> 00:23:08.250 smart you are, but about how you think. Yeah, 00:23:08.289 --> 00:23:10.970 exactly. Research has shown that both cognitive 00:23:10.970 --> 00:23:13.609 ability and something called actively open -minded 00:23:13.609 --> 00:23:16.549 thinking are important for being able to analyze 00:23:16.549 --> 00:23:19.680 arguments and not fall for misinformation. What's 00:23:19.680 --> 00:23:21.789 actively open -minded thinking? It basically 00:23:21.789 --> 00:23:24.609 means being willing to consider different viewpoints 00:23:24.609 --> 00:23:27.730 and evaluate evidence fairly, even if it goes 00:23:27.730 --> 00:23:30.369 against what you already believe. And it turns 00:23:30.369 --> 00:23:32.890 out that the way we think also plays a role. 00:23:33.170 --> 00:23:36.210 People who rely more on intuition and gut feelings 00:23:36.210 --> 00:23:39.049 are often more likely to believe in paranormal 00:23:39.049 --> 00:23:42.750 stuff and conspiracy theories compared to people 00:23:42.750 --> 00:23:46.049 who are more analytical and rational. And another 00:23:46.049 --> 00:23:48.069 really important factor, especially in this case, 00:23:48.250 --> 00:23:51.339 is scientific skepticism, which which is being 00:23:51.339 --> 00:23:54.119 hesitant to accept a claim until you see strong 00:23:54.119 --> 00:23:55.779 evidence and being able to judge the quality 00:23:55.779 --> 00:23:57.460 of that evidence. Yeah, that makes sense. And 00:23:57.460 --> 00:23:59.559 that's a big predictor of whether someone will 00:23:59.559 --> 00:24:01.859 reject these unfounded beliefs, like the chem 00:24:01.859 --> 00:24:03.700 trail conspiracy. So it's like a whole bunch 00:24:03.700 --> 00:24:05.940 of things working together. Right? It's not just 00:24:05.940 --> 00:24:08.779 one thing. It's about having the reasoning skills, 00:24:09.279 --> 00:24:11.880 the right mindset, the knowledge, and the tendency 00:24:11.880 --> 00:24:14.279 to think analytically. That's a lot to keep in 00:24:14.279 --> 00:24:17.039 mind. It is, yeah. But it's so important, especially 00:24:17.039 --> 00:24:19.180 with all the misinformation out there. Well, 00:24:19.240 --> 00:24:21.000 this has been a really interesting look at what's 00:24:21.000 --> 00:24:23.619 happening in dumbass Florida. Yeah. It's a pretty 00:24:23.619 --> 00:24:26.509 wild situation. So just to recap. We've seen 00:24:26.509 --> 00:24:30.750 how this proposed bill that wants to ban weather 00:24:30.750 --> 00:24:33.849 modification is really driven by the chemtrail 00:24:33.849 --> 00:24:36.569 conspiracy theory, even though the science of 00:24:36.569 --> 00:24:39.450 contrails is well understood, and there's no 00:24:39.450 --> 00:24:41.990 evidence for chemtrails. We've also talked about 00:24:41.990 --> 00:24:44.569 how real weather modification, like cloud seeding, 00:24:44.789 --> 00:24:46.890 is totally different from this conspiracy theory, 00:24:46.890 --> 00:24:49.910 and how large -scale geoengineering is still 00:24:49.910 --> 00:24:52.950 very much in the research phase with a lot of 00:24:52.950 --> 00:24:56.059 uncertainties. All of this is happening against 00:24:56.059 --> 00:24:58.460 a backdrop of misinformation and the importance 00:24:58.460 --> 00:25:00.440 of critical thinking. That's a complex issue 00:25:00.440 --> 00:25:02.220 with a lot of different facets. And I think it's 00:25:02.220 --> 00:25:04.220 worth repeating that NOAA has been very clear 00:25:04.220 --> 00:25:06.640 that they don't do any weather modification based 00:25:06.640 --> 00:25:09.960 on chemtrail theories, and that chemtrails themselves 00:25:09.960 --> 00:25:13.039 are not a real thing. Right. It's important to 00:25:13.039 --> 00:25:16.119 rely on credible sources of information. Yeah, 00:25:16.299 --> 00:25:19.019 so... I guess the big takeaway here is that we 00:25:19.019 --> 00:25:21.680 need to be critical thinkers. Absolutely. And 00:25:21.680 --> 00:25:24.839 rely on scientific evidence when we're evaluating 00:25:24.839 --> 00:25:27.220 claims about the world around us. Especially 00:25:27.220 --> 00:25:30.140 when those claims have real world policy implications 00:25:30.140 --> 00:25:32.940 like we're seeing in dumbass Florida. Yeah. So 00:25:32.940 --> 00:25:35.019 here's something to think about. Given all the 00:25:35.019 --> 00:25:37.359 misinformation out there and the fact that it's 00:25:37.359 --> 00:25:40.359 actually influencing things like loss, how can 00:25:40.359 --> 00:25:42.779 we get better at fostering critical thinking 00:25:42.779 --> 00:25:46.279 skills, both as individuals and as a society? 00:25:46.440 --> 00:25:49.079 That's a great question. And what responsibility 00:25:49.079 --> 00:25:51.980 do policymakers have in addressing people's fears 00:25:51.980 --> 00:25:55.559 without accidentally hindering legitimate scientific 00:25:55.559 --> 00:25:58.180 research and evidence -based decision -making? 00:25:58.269 --> 00:26:00.049 Those are really important questions that we 00:26:00.049 --> 00:26:02.089 need to grapple with. Yeah. It's a lot to consider. 00:26:02.089 --> 00:26:04.230 It is. But it's important stuff. So keep thinking 00:26:04.230 --> 00:26:06.690 about it. Keep exploring the world of meteorology 00:26:06.690 --> 00:26:09.109 and climate. Yeah. Still curious. And don't forget 00:26:09.109 --> 00:26:11.269 to follow meteorologist Rob Jones on Instagram 00:26:11.269 --> 00:26:14.869 at Meteorologist. TikTok at TVMeteorologist. 00:26:15.490 --> 00:26:17.589 And subscribe to Rob Jones Hurricane on YouTube. 00:26:17.789 --> 00:26:19.750 Absolutely. Where you can find all the good stuff, 00:26:19.990 --> 00:26:23.069 including past episodes. Yeah. And more to come. 00:26:24.130 --> 00:26:26.210 Thanks for joining us for this deep dive. It's 00:26:26.210 --> 00:26:28.069 been a pleasure. And we'll see you next time.