WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:02.220 Training should be individualized by age and 00:00:02.220 --> 00:00:06.000 sex, emphasizing lean muscle preservation and 00:00:06.000 --> 00:00:09.500 body fat management, which I think are byproducts 00:00:09.500 --> 00:00:13.099 of the movement patterns relative again to the 00:00:13.099 --> 00:00:16.239 individual. Anthropomorphic data can guide training 00:00:16.239 --> 00:00:19.660 adaptations, optimizing lift techniques, inform 00:00:19.660 --> 00:00:25.399 best methods for those coaches to employ. Hi, 00:00:25.480 --> 00:00:27.379 Andrew. It's my pleasure to have you on Evidence 00:00:27.379 --> 00:00:29.719 Strong Show. If you could briefly introduce yourself. 00:00:29.980 --> 00:00:32.200 Sure. My name is Andrew Hatchett. I'm a professor 00:00:32.200 --> 00:00:35.179 of exercise and sports science at the University 00:00:35.179 --> 00:00:37.600 of South Carolina Aiken. What is your relation 00:00:37.600 --> 00:00:40.280 to Olympic weightlifting? I am also currently 00:00:40.280 --> 00:00:42.500 a competitive Masters Olympic weightlifter. All 00:00:42.500 --> 00:00:44.939 right. So today we're talking Masters weightlifters. 00:00:45.200 --> 00:00:47.899 Let's start with some kind of definition. A Masters 00:00:47.899 --> 00:00:50.399 Olympic weightlifter is defined as an individual 00:00:50.399 --> 00:00:55.719 aged 35 years or older who trains. or competes 00:00:55.719 --> 00:00:58.600 in Olympic weightlifting events. It's age groups 00:00:58.600 --> 00:01:01.950 and the individuals. you know, can range obviously 00:01:01.950 --> 00:01:05.650 baseline at 35 and they compete sometimes beyond 00:01:05.650 --> 00:01:09.069 the age of 90 in sanctioned competitions. And 00:01:09.069 --> 00:01:10.829 that probably needs to be emphasized as well. 00:01:10.930 --> 00:01:14.069 Could you tell us a little bit more why, why 00:01:14.069 --> 00:01:16.689 you decided to study this population? As a competitive 00:01:16.689 --> 00:01:19.670 Olympic weightlifter, I too, and a faculty member, 00:01:19.829 --> 00:01:22.230 researcher in exercise science, I went looking 00:01:22.230 --> 00:01:24.450 into the literature to see if this population 00:01:24.450 --> 00:01:27.930 was studied very often. And I think as you've 00:01:27.930 --> 00:01:31.219 alluded to earlier, that it is. not a heavily 00:01:31.219 --> 00:01:34.579 studied population. So I started looking for 00:01:34.579 --> 00:01:39.620 absolute baseline understanding of what masters 00:01:39.620 --> 00:01:41.920 Olympic weightlifters were. What did they, you 00:01:41.920 --> 00:01:45.659 know, what was their profile? I could find anthropomorphic 00:01:45.659 --> 00:01:48.659 profiles for youth Olympic weightlifters, international 00:01:48.659 --> 00:01:52.299 Olympians, if you will, senior Olympic weightlifters 00:01:52.299 --> 00:01:56.219 and alike, but nothing for masters Olympic weightlifters. 00:01:56.319 --> 00:01:59.280 Thus the interest. I saw it, what I viewed. as 00:01:59.280 --> 00:02:02.799 a need. And I sought to, you know, fill that 00:02:02.799 --> 00:02:06.620 gap in the literature. So what we did is exactly 00:02:06.620 --> 00:02:09.759 that. We developed, or what we believe we developed 00:02:09.759 --> 00:02:12.900 is really the first anthropomorphic profile of 00:02:12.900 --> 00:02:15.580 elite masters Olympic weightlifters. What does 00:02:15.580 --> 00:02:18.240 elite mean? Let's clarify also. Oh, absolutely. 00:02:18.419 --> 00:02:22.360 So for the reporting of this information, elite 00:02:22.360 --> 00:02:26.319 was used because we collected information or 00:02:26.319 --> 00:02:29.500 these statistics at the World Chain. in 2022 00:02:29.500 --> 00:02:32.939 in Orlando, Florida. So in order to make the 00:02:32.939 --> 00:02:34.780 world championships, these individuals had to 00:02:34.780 --> 00:02:37.819 qualify for it. And to hit that level of qualification, 00:02:38.259 --> 00:02:40.680 we believe that they could be considered as being 00:02:40.680 --> 00:02:43.159 elite. How did you set up the study? Okay, first 00:02:43.159 --> 00:02:46.360 off and foremost, I have to really emphasize 00:02:46.360 --> 00:02:49.800 the quality of... the Masters Olympic weightlifting 00:02:49.800 --> 00:02:52.439 community. I reached out to the president of 00:02:52.439 --> 00:02:56.099 USA Masters Weightlifting, Michael Cohen, and 00:02:56.099 --> 00:02:59.219 asked him if it would be possible to collect 00:02:59.219 --> 00:03:02.319 information at the World Championships in Orlando. 00:03:02.639 --> 00:03:05.159 There was zero hesitation. He said, absolutely, 00:03:05.360 --> 00:03:08.340 what do you guys need? We discussed the format, 00:03:08.479 --> 00:03:12.979 and he was able to provide us an entire room 00:03:12.979 --> 00:03:15.680 in the hotel, not a room in the hotel, if you 00:03:15.680 --> 00:03:18.500 will, a hall, a banquet hall. It was a very large 00:03:18.500 --> 00:03:21.620 space for us to collect data. So it was very 00:03:21.620 --> 00:03:25.199 easy to get access to the event. What we did 00:03:25.199 --> 00:03:29.020 in the study, what we collected, or the description 00:03:29.020 --> 00:03:31.819 of the study is that it is a cross -sectional 00:03:31.819 --> 00:03:34.719 design. And we collected anthropomorphic and 00:03:34.719 --> 00:03:39.419 competition data at the 2022 World Masters Weightlifting 00:03:39.419 --> 00:03:42.319 Championships hosted in Orlando, Florida. Athletes 00:03:42.319 --> 00:03:44.740 were recruited through every channel we could 00:03:44.740 --> 00:03:48.389 think of through email. social media, word of 00:03:48.389 --> 00:03:51.210 mouth, face -to -face encounters. I even sent 00:03:51.210 --> 00:03:52.870 some of my students out into the hallways and 00:03:52.870 --> 00:03:54.990 say, hey, see if somebody wants to come in. And 00:03:54.990 --> 00:03:58.210 assessments were conducted for this study, along 00:03:58.210 --> 00:04:00.849 with a number of other data collection efforts. 00:04:01.150 --> 00:04:04.090 So we also had, I believe you've already interviewed 00:04:04.090 --> 00:04:06.550 Marianne Huebner from Michigan State University. 00:04:06.889 --> 00:04:10.009 And we also had a group from Georgia Southern 00:04:10.009 --> 00:04:13.310 University Armstrong campus were there along 00:04:13.310 --> 00:04:17.269 with our cohort. All right. Let's go into what 00:04:17.269 --> 00:04:20.810 type of tests and measurements did you use to 00:04:20.810 --> 00:04:23.470 gather some description of this population? Absolutely. 00:04:23.790 --> 00:04:26.670 What we went through as systematically as we 00:04:26.670 --> 00:04:29.029 could. So we collected height and weight, body 00:04:29.029 --> 00:04:32.589 composition, so body fat, lean body mass. We 00:04:32.589 --> 00:04:35.129 looked at circumference measurements, neck, bust, 00:04:35.430 --> 00:04:38.319 waist, hip. biceps and forearms, limb length, 00:04:38.560 --> 00:04:41.480 shoulder to wrist, inseam. We were able to calculate 00:04:41.480 --> 00:04:45.420 body mass index, waist to hip ratio, and a body 00:04:45.420 --> 00:04:48.779 shape index. And we used competition performance 00:04:48.779 --> 00:04:51.680 metrics, snatch, clean and jerk, obviously, and 00:04:51.680 --> 00:04:54.959 then the Sinclair -Meltzer -Faber formula, and 00:04:54.959 --> 00:04:57.519 then the Sinclair -Hubner -Meltzer -Faber formula 00:04:57.519 --> 00:05:00.879 for female athletes. The SMF is for male athletes. 00:05:01.019 --> 00:05:03.959 And that's really what we collected for this 00:05:03.959 --> 00:05:06.240 study. Okay, so in terms of... decomposition. 00:05:06.399 --> 00:05:09.139 How did you measure that? We used a piece of 00:05:09.139 --> 00:05:12.720 equipment called a Fit3D scanner. It is a scanner 00:05:12.720 --> 00:05:18.319 that has three infrared cameras. And it rotates 00:05:18.319 --> 00:05:21.439 the individual 360 degrees. I believe it uses 00:05:21.439 --> 00:05:25.220 bioelectrical impedance. And then based on the 00:05:25.220 --> 00:05:29.079 capture of the individual's body, it enters into 00:05:29.079 --> 00:05:32.720 an algorithm and the results were deposited to 00:05:32.720 --> 00:05:35.360 us. That's awesome. How many people? How many 00:05:35.360 --> 00:05:39.379 did you hand down and measure? We had 172 participants 00:05:39.379 --> 00:05:43.180 out of, I believe it was 840 that were at the 00:05:43.180 --> 00:05:45.019 world championship. So that's approximately a 00:05:45.019 --> 00:05:48.879 20%. capture, which we were happy with because 00:05:48.879 --> 00:05:52.920 as an Olympic weightlifter yourself, a lot of 00:05:52.920 --> 00:05:54.660 these athletes and it being the world championships, 00:05:54.779 --> 00:05:57.160 it's a business trip. You know, these guys are 00:05:57.160 --> 00:06:00.079 there to, they're there to compete and any distraction 00:06:00.079 --> 00:06:02.860 is exactly that. It is a distraction. So we, 00:06:02.939 --> 00:06:06.040 we felt very fortunate to get those, uh, that 00:06:06.040 --> 00:06:09.759 20%. And again, I cannot speak highly enough 00:06:09.759 --> 00:06:12.420 about the population. Everybody was a pleasure 00:06:12.420 --> 00:06:15.439 to work with and our, our subjects reign. from 00:06:15.439 --> 00:06:18.639 35 to 90 years old. It was an awesome experience 00:06:18.639 --> 00:06:21.720 as well. Not only as a researcher and a fan of 00:06:21.720 --> 00:06:24.699 the sports and, you know, getting to see friends 00:06:24.699 --> 00:06:27.259 and all of that and working with the different 00:06:27.259 --> 00:06:29.699 organizations, but the personalities of these 00:06:29.699 --> 00:06:33.180 guys was absolutely amazing. I mean, they're 00:06:33.180 --> 00:06:35.699 an absolute dream to work with. They are. So 00:06:35.699 --> 00:06:39.319 the younger athletes were less inclined to come 00:06:39.319 --> 00:06:41.339 in and participate because I think they were 00:06:41.339 --> 00:06:44.610 a little bit more business oriented. It came 00:06:44.610 --> 00:06:47.269 to that. But the older folks were fantastic. 00:06:47.569 --> 00:06:50.589 And when I say older, I would say 45 plus. And 00:06:50.589 --> 00:06:52.430 they would just roll in. Some of them would roll 00:06:52.430 --> 00:06:54.670 in and say, hey, what is this? Our son at consent 00:06:54.670 --> 00:06:59.800 form. Exactly. What did you find in your study? 00:06:59.920 --> 00:07:02.740 Sure. So I thought it was interesting. Obviously, 00:07:02.779 --> 00:07:05.019 I thought it was interesting. But masters lifters 00:07:05.019 --> 00:07:07.860 generally exhibited better body composition than 00:07:07.860 --> 00:07:10.959 age matched general population, which is a lower 00:07:10.959 --> 00:07:14.279 body mass index. And what's probably more significant 00:07:14.279 --> 00:07:17.439 or with greater practical significance is a lower 00:07:17.439 --> 00:07:20.480 waist circumference. So what we're finding is 00:07:20.480 --> 00:07:23.569 BMI was a statistic that everybody. hung their 00:07:23.569 --> 00:07:25.810 hat on. And it's an excellent statistic for what 00:07:25.810 --> 00:07:30.089 it means. But waist to hip ratio and waist circumference 00:07:30.089 --> 00:07:34.350 are gaining momentum in their significance as 00:07:34.350 --> 00:07:37.269 far as practical application is concerned. So 00:07:37.269 --> 00:07:40.370 our population also had a lower waist circumference 00:07:40.370 --> 00:07:43.750 than aged match general population. Performance 00:07:43.750 --> 00:07:46.170 decline with age. We all know that. Before we 00:07:46.170 --> 00:07:48.730 go on, this is huge. This is saying people who 00:07:48.730 --> 00:07:51.649 went all in, they are serious about Olympic weightlifting. 00:07:51.730 --> 00:07:54.509 They go to the... international the highest level 00:07:54.509 --> 00:07:56.949 competition which is walls they go there to compete 00:07:56.949 --> 00:08:00.750 they go there to win medals get pbs and you know 00:08:00.750 --> 00:08:03.350 be the strongest and the most powerful they can 00:08:03.350 --> 00:08:06.550 be no matter what age up to 90 you said so and 00:08:06.550 --> 00:08:09.329 these people who went all in in this sport so 00:08:09.329 --> 00:08:12.149 they probably sacrificed some other things for 00:08:12.149 --> 00:08:16.670 it they still come on top in terms of their body 00:08:16.670 --> 00:08:18.990 weight and body composition probably because 00:08:18.990 --> 00:08:22.079 that's what waist to hip ratio would be saying 00:08:22.079 --> 00:08:24.839 wouldn't it correct i agree with you and by no 00:08:24.839 --> 00:08:26.899 means do i want to belittle that belittle that 00:08:26.899 --> 00:08:28.939 result one thing that we haven't mentioned yet 00:08:28.939 --> 00:08:32.220 is that this sport is age and weight categorized 00:08:32.220 --> 00:08:35.980 so it is weight specific right with those weight 00:08:35.980 --> 00:08:38.879 categories i think males maybe have 11 weight 00:08:38.879 --> 00:08:41.980 categories and females maybe i think it's 8 to 00:08:41.980 --> 00:08:44.940 10 i'm not sure off the top of my head but i 00:08:44.940 --> 00:08:47.500 think it was in orlando it was 10 10 okay all 00:08:47.500 --> 00:08:50.419 right yeah yeah yes okay body weight and then 00:08:50.419 --> 00:08:54.059 for I think males had one or two more. Okay. 00:08:54.159 --> 00:08:57.279 Then that's the difference that's going on in 00:08:57.279 --> 00:09:00.120 my mind. It's a sport that is obviously performance 00:09:00.120 --> 00:09:05.419 -driven, and it has body weight categories. Serious 00:09:05.419 --> 00:09:08.159 competitors, as you say, people that go all in, 00:09:08.340 --> 00:09:11.539 have to consider their body composition, I would 00:09:11.539 --> 00:09:13.600 believe, have to consider their body composition, 00:09:13.679 --> 00:09:17.159 and in an effort to make them as efficient and 00:09:17.159 --> 00:09:20.580 as effective of a performer as they can. be or 00:09:20.580 --> 00:09:23.519 athlete. I don't know anywhere in the literature 00:09:23.519 --> 00:09:28.000 that says if you lift weights, your body composition 00:09:28.000 --> 00:09:31.340 shifts in a negative way, right? You gain muscle, 00:09:31.500 --> 00:09:34.379 you become a more efficient metabolic machine. 00:09:34.759 --> 00:09:37.740 There is no reason, in my opinion, my professional 00:09:37.740 --> 00:09:39.679 and personal opinion, there is no reason for 00:09:39.679 --> 00:09:42.539 anybody to not lift weights, period. What we're 00:09:42.539 --> 00:09:47.080 seeing in research, what we're seeing in the 00:09:47.080 --> 00:09:51.429 lay community is a greater emphasis on gaining 00:09:51.429 --> 00:09:54.769 strength as you age because it has a functional 00:09:54.769 --> 00:09:59.629 application from stability to the ability to 00:09:59.629 --> 00:10:03.710 absorb a fall so to let's say yeah uh stability 00:10:03.710 --> 00:10:07.970 to resist a fall strength to damper the impact 00:10:07.970 --> 00:10:10.529 of a fall to be able to grab a handrail to be 00:10:10.529 --> 00:10:12.970 able to you know stabilize yourself against an 00:10:12.970 --> 00:10:16.110 external object again what better display of 00:10:16.110 --> 00:10:20.129 strength and full movement patterns than Olympic 00:10:20.129 --> 00:10:22.370 weightlifting. If you are a truly competitive 00:10:22.370 --> 00:10:24.690 Masters Olympic weightlifter, you are going to 00:10:24.690 --> 00:10:26.350 pay attention to your body. You're going to pay 00:10:26.350 --> 00:10:28.450 attention to your weight. I don't think it's 00:10:28.450 --> 00:10:31.090 a bad thing. Yes, some people get obsessive compulsive 00:10:31.090 --> 00:10:33.549 with that kind of stuff. But again, it has an 00:10:33.549 --> 00:10:36.009 end. You know, I weigh myself every night and 00:10:36.009 --> 00:10:38.509 every morning. I want to be within one kilogram 00:10:38.509 --> 00:10:41.590 of my competitive weight category because I don't 00:10:41.590 --> 00:10:44.210 want to have to cut tremendously for when I compete 00:10:44.210 --> 00:10:46.710 next. That does wonders for me, right? Blood 00:10:46.710 --> 00:10:49.919 pressure is lowered. Body fat is better than 00:10:49.919 --> 00:10:52.799 it was when I weighed 20 more pounds, but I was 00:10:52.799 --> 00:10:55.700 a little bit stronger. But my competitiveness 00:10:55.700 --> 00:10:57.620 within that weight category was a little bit 00:10:57.620 --> 00:11:01.980 lower. You know, I'm playing that game and a 00:11:01.980 --> 00:11:05.600 lower BMI, a lower waist circumference with the 00:11:05.600 --> 00:11:08.820 idea of adding strength. And you use the word, 00:11:08.899 --> 00:11:10.779 it's not only strength, it's power. It's the 00:11:10.779 --> 00:11:13.649 application of strength. It's all positive. It 00:11:13.649 --> 00:11:16.730 really is. It is all positive. I cannot think 00:11:16.730 --> 00:11:20.929 of a negative when it comes to Olympic weightlifting. 00:11:21.129 --> 00:11:23.669 I've heard in the past, you know, you don't see 00:11:23.669 --> 00:11:26.549 as many older Olympic weightlifters as you do 00:11:26.549 --> 00:11:29.009 older powerlifters. I disagree with that. I have 00:11:29.009 --> 00:11:31.509 studied that population. I have hung out with 00:11:31.509 --> 00:11:33.269 these people. I competed at the Pan American 00:11:33.269 --> 00:11:36.590 Championships in May. There were 400 of us just 00:11:36.590 --> 00:11:40.149 hanging out in a hotel. That's not true. So from 00:11:40.149 --> 00:11:43.690 holding yourself accountable. to training, to 00:11:43.690 --> 00:11:46.950 seeing real results as far as performance goes, 00:11:47.169 --> 00:11:51.340 to creating accountability for body composition, 00:11:51.679 --> 00:11:54.340 for the camaraderie within the community, to 00:11:54.340 --> 00:11:58.419 the events in general. It's a fantastic, I think 00:11:58.419 --> 00:12:00.620 it's a fantastic sport to compete in. Even as 00:12:00.620 --> 00:12:04.500 you get older, I can only imagine that many, 00:12:04.620 --> 00:12:07.059 many of us got into it because of CrossFit. We 00:12:07.059 --> 00:12:10.279 learned the basic movements. Maybe our engine, 00:12:10.419 --> 00:12:15.220 so to speak, for CrossFit and GPP kind of wanes 00:12:15.220 --> 00:12:19.980 as we age. And then we dip into things that make 00:12:19.980 --> 00:12:22.899 us feel just as good. I love Olympic weightlifting. 00:12:23.080 --> 00:12:25.679 I have fun with it. I don't train seven days 00:12:25.679 --> 00:12:28.000 a week. I train three or four days a week. It 00:12:28.000 --> 00:12:30.240 fits into my lifestyle. It fits into my schedule. 00:12:30.639 --> 00:12:32.039 I think it's pretty great. That's the thing. 00:12:32.080 --> 00:12:34.799 I think it actually, this is one of the sports 00:12:34.799 --> 00:12:38.840 that actually may fit with a busy adult lifestyle 00:12:38.840 --> 00:12:41.860 with responsibilities, with, you know, family 00:12:41.860 --> 00:12:45.539 obligations. You're absolutely right. It's completely 00:12:45.539 --> 00:12:49.639 doable. It does. It fits more nicely into the 00:12:49.639 --> 00:12:51.639 schedule than any other type of training I've 00:12:51.639 --> 00:12:53.379 done, for sure. You want to hit some more results? 00:12:53.659 --> 00:12:56.840 I presume. that the body weight will increase 00:12:56.840 --> 00:13:00.120 with weight classes, but did it influence the 00:13:00.120 --> 00:13:03.360 lean muscle mass anyhow? The composition, does 00:13:03.360 --> 00:13:07.100 it change? Not respectively within weight classes. 00:13:07.179 --> 00:13:10.000 To say that, not disparaging any weight class, 00:13:10.100 --> 00:13:12.259 but the heavy weight classes are probably going 00:13:12.259 --> 00:13:14.519 to be a little bit more disproportionate than 00:13:14.519 --> 00:13:17.299 the super light weight classes. But across the 00:13:17.299 --> 00:13:21.080 board, body composition held reasonably consistent. 00:13:22.440 --> 00:13:25.279 Again, you're going to have two ends, so to speak. 00:13:25.360 --> 00:13:27.559 They're not necessarily outliers, but the two 00:13:27.559 --> 00:13:30.740 for peripheral points, but really within those 00:13:30.740 --> 00:13:34.179 other eight weight categories, because you have 00:13:34.179 --> 00:13:36.600 one in 10, within those other weight categories, 00:13:36.679 --> 00:13:39.080 body composition remained reasonably consistent 00:13:39.080 --> 00:13:42.860 across age group and across sex respectively. 00:13:43.419 --> 00:13:47.799 So the other key findings that I think I would 00:13:47.799 --> 00:13:50.700 like to mention is Obviously, performance declined 00:13:50.700 --> 00:13:53.879 with age, as it does. I even think that you posted 00:13:53.879 --> 00:13:57.820 a graphic on that, perhaps. So that's fair, especially 00:13:57.820 --> 00:14:01.000 it says the results indicated, especially among 00:14:01.000 --> 00:14:04.259 women in their late 40s and late 50s, likely 00:14:04.259 --> 00:14:07.759 due to menopause -related changes. Absolutely. 00:14:07.820 --> 00:14:10.580 There's one aspect that we haven't looked at, 00:14:10.639 --> 00:14:12.080 and I don't think anybody's really looked at, 00:14:12.200 --> 00:14:15.620 is menopause is certainly significant. But men 00:14:15.620 --> 00:14:19.379 also go through a hormonal decline. at a certain 00:14:19.379 --> 00:14:21.399 age and it's called andropause. Nobody's really 00:14:21.399 --> 00:14:24.179 looked at that. So potentially a future study. 00:14:24.320 --> 00:14:26.840 Height and body fat percentages were significantly 00:14:26.840 --> 00:14:30.080 associated with performance across lifts for 00:14:30.080 --> 00:14:33.039 both men and women. So the way somebody's built 00:14:33.039 --> 00:14:36.000 essentially, right? Male performance was more 00:14:36.000 --> 00:14:39.000 influenced by muscle mass and arm circumference 00:14:39.000 --> 00:14:42.080 indicating upper body muscles role in their success, 00:14:42.259 --> 00:14:45.340 which I believe alludes to female athletes being 00:14:45.340 --> 00:14:49.139 more technically proficient in order to be successful. 00:14:49.360 --> 00:14:51.779 Again, I'm going to say I'm biased. I married 00:14:51.779 --> 00:14:55.139 a great athlete. We have two excellent athletes 00:14:55.139 --> 00:14:59.419 for daughters. But as far as movers go, I am 00:14:59.419 --> 00:15:01.759 of the opinion female athletes are better movers 00:15:01.759 --> 00:15:04.720 than male athletes. Just guys are a little bit 00:15:04.720 --> 00:15:07.080 stronger. Women move a little bit better. Performance 00:15:07.080 --> 00:15:11.539 decreased with age through though high functional 00:15:11.539 --> 00:15:15.259 capacity was maintained. Yes, you decline. but 00:15:15.259 --> 00:15:18.820 you were still very good at what you did, respected 00:15:18.820 --> 00:15:21.019 with the age. Height and body composition were 00:15:21.019 --> 00:15:23.360 significant predictors of performance for both 00:15:23.360 --> 00:15:25.759 sexes. I've talked about that. Female lifters 00:15:25.759 --> 00:15:28.460 were slightly taller and male lifters slightly 00:15:28.460 --> 00:15:32.419 shorter than age match norms, which I found interesting 00:15:32.419 --> 00:15:37.620 because when it comes to a power sport, you think, 00:15:37.639 --> 00:15:41.850 I think, tighter bodies. if you will, shorter 00:15:41.850 --> 00:15:44.929 people, more dense muscle, shorter joint spaces 00:15:44.929 --> 00:15:48.509 will be better movers. That's what essentially 00:15:48.509 --> 00:15:51.909 it says for men. Guys a little bit shorter are 00:15:51.909 --> 00:15:54.789 going to perform well. But for female athletes, 00:15:54.970 --> 00:15:58.340 they were a little bit taller than. age match 00:15:58.340 --> 00:16:02.179 norms. So again, the elite female Olympic weightlifters 00:16:02.179 --> 00:16:05.559 are not only not only have better body composition 00:16:05.559 --> 00:16:08.440 are excellent movers, but they're a little bit 00:16:08.440 --> 00:16:12.019 taller and excellent movers, which overall indicates 00:16:12.019 --> 00:16:14.940 an outstanding athlete. Female participants had 00:16:14.940 --> 00:16:17.799 higher body fat and lower lean mass than males, 00:16:17.879 --> 00:16:21.080 but physical profiles remained healthier than 00:16:21.080 --> 00:16:24.559 general population norms. But it's it's completely 00:16:24.559 --> 00:16:27.429 normal for female athletes to have higher body 00:16:27.429 --> 00:16:30.330 fat percentages and lower lean mass just because 00:16:30.330 --> 00:16:34.330 females are different than males. So all of that 00:16:34.330 --> 00:16:37.330 checked out. So those were really the main findings. 00:16:37.450 --> 00:16:40.950 And again, good body composition, good movers, 00:16:40.970 --> 00:16:43.929 good athletes across all ages and both sexes, 00:16:43.929 --> 00:16:47.029 some anthropomorphic, if you will, some interesting 00:16:47.029 --> 00:16:50.649 things that, you know, males rely on probably 00:16:50.649 --> 00:16:54.409 muscle a little bit more and females rely on... 00:16:55.320 --> 00:16:57.860 being better athletes, being excellent movers. 00:16:58.059 --> 00:17:00.279 So I thought that was really, really interesting. 00:17:00.519 --> 00:17:03.620 Okay. So now I think we need to bring together 00:17:03.620 --> 00:17:07.880 all the findings and try to, I will try to get 00:17:07.880 --> 00:17:11.279 you to speculate a little bit what it means for 00:17:11.279 --> 00:17:15.000 public health. So how, now these are elite. Let's 00:17:15.000 --> 00:17:17.440 say I'm an average person who's coming to the 00:17:17.440 --> 00:17:21.400 gym and I think I'm not elite. I just want to 00:17:21.400 --> 00:17:24.039 get a little bit healthier. Why would I care 00:17:24.039 --> 00:17:25.619 about all this? olympic weightlifting why would 00:17:25.619 --> 00:17:28.619 i even try what is so good in it from a physical 00:17:28.619 --> 00:17:32.240 standpoint when training olympic movements i 00:17:32.240 --> 00:17:34.440 believe you get your best bang for your buck 00:17:34.440 --> 00:17:38.259 i believe you get range of motion i believe you 00:17:38.259 --> 00:17:41.799 get strength and if done at pace you can also 00:17:41.799 --> 00:17:44.819 get a level of cardiovascular fitness i think 00:17:44.819 --> 00:17:49.380 engaging in compound movements with relatively 00:17:49.380 --> 00:17:54.589 significant weight at pace is the formula for 00:17:54.589 --> 00:17:58.029 better health. Olympic weightlifting in my experience 00:17:58.029 --> 00:18:00.900 is the best example of that. Very well said. 00:18:01.119 --> 00:18:03.480 Very well said. How would you frame this message 00:18:03.480 --> 00:18:06.359 to the coaches? Training should be individualized 00:18:06.359 --> 00:18:10.240 by age and sex, emphasizing lean muscle preservation 00:18:10.240 --> 00:18:14.299 and body fat management, which I think are byproducts 00:18:14.299 --> 00:18:17.779 of the movement patterns relative, again, to 00:18:17.779 --> 00:18:20.579 the individual. Anthropomorphic data can guide 00:18:20.579 --> 00:18:23.779 training adaptations, optimizing lift techniques, 00:18:24.039 --> 00:18:27.740 inform best methods for those coaches to employ. 00:18:28.269 --> 00:18:31.650 Body composition, not just weight or BMI, can 00:18:31.650 --> 00:18:34.390 be a primary focus for performance and health 00:18:34.390 --> 00:18:37.690 outcomes. As a coach, you need to attend to the 00:18:37.690 --> 00:18:42.089 individual and their capacities within those 00:18:42.089 --> 00:18:44.990 movement patterns and adjust accordingly. Become 00:18:44.990 --> 00:18:49.549 well -versed at being able to program and teach. 00:18:50.220 --> 00:18:53.779 adaptive movement patterns, such as instead of 00:18:53.779 --> 00:18:56.680 a squat snatch, a split snatch. Instead of a 00:18:56.680 --> 00:19:00.599 split jerk, maybe a power jerk. Or even as rudimentary, 00:19:00.640 --> 00:19:05.299 a power clean or a power snatch. Learn the progressions. 00:19:05.599 --> 00:19:08.619 Teach those athletes. I would love nothing more 00:19:08.619 --> 00:19:11.559 than the Masters Olympic weightlifting community 00:19:11.559 --> 00:19:16.000 to continue to grow and explode. And I think 00:19:16.000 --> 00:19:19.690 it's vital that coaches treat their athletes 00:19:19.690 --> 00:19:23.430 as individuals. I'm not a huge fan. So to pivot 00:19:23.430 --> 00:19:25.650 a little bit, I'm not a huge fan of cookie cutter 00:19:25.650 --> 00:19:28.769 templates, especially for such a dynamic sport. 00:19:28.990 --> 00:19:31.569 Yeah, training should be individualized for sure. 00:19:31.769 --> 00:19:33.789 All right, let's continue on this line. What 00:19:33.789 --> 00:19:36.190 would be your message to masters athletes? If 00:19:36.190 --> 00:19:40.150 you are of master's age and you have just the 00:19:40.150 --> 00:19:43.829 slightest ambition of learning Olympic weightlifting, 00:19:44.009 --> 00:19:49.160 by all means, do it by any way you can. If you 00:19:49.160 --> 00:19:51.559 can find a coach, fantastic. If you have one 00:19:51.559 --> 00:19:53.880 close to you, wonderful. If you need to find 00:19:53.880 --> 00:19:56.359 a remote coach, reach out to the message boards. 00:19:56.480 --> 00:19:59.359 People will recommend all the time good remote 00:19:59.359 --> 00:20:02.779 coaches. Again, it is the best community I've 00:20:02.779 --> 00:20:05.440 ever been involved with. They want nothing but 00:20:05.440 --> 00:20:09.279 for your success. You are always competing against 00:20:09.279 --> 00:20:11.859 yourself, not against other individuals. It is 00:20:11.859 --> 00:20:14.660 the most gratifying sport I've ever participated 00:20:14.660 --> 00:20:19.799 in. From having the self -discipline to go and 00:20:19.799 --> 00:20:23.960 train on a regular basis, to being proud of myself 00:20:23.960 --> 00:20:26.559 for stepping on the platform and in front of 00:20:26.559 --> 00:20:29.339 judges at every level. If it's a local meet. 00:20:29.630 --> 00:20:33.670 fantastic if it's a state meet okay if regional 00:20:33.670 --> 00:20:37.109 national international all it has done for me 00:20:37.109 --> 00:20:41.329 personally is made me better you know it's that's 00:20:41.329 --> 00:20:44.849 all i can say i have zero regrets engaging in 00:20:44.849 --> 00:20:47.549 this sport and engaging with this population. 00:20:47.890 --> 00:20:50.690 Excellent. I think that's good for closing. These 00:20:50.690 --> 00:20:52.289 are short questions to finish. The first one 00:20:52.289 --> 00:20:54.710 is, which one is your favorite lift? Whichever 00:20:54.710 --> 00:20:56.670 one gets me white lights. I've been thinking 00:20:56.670 --> 00:20:58.849 of this answer for a while. So that is my official 00:20:58.849 --> 00:21:01.029 answer. Whichever one gets me at least two white 00:21:01.029 --> 00:21:03.089 lights. All right. Where people can find you 00:21:03.089 --> 00:21:05.710 if they want to follow your work and even get 00:21:05.710 --> 00:21:07.529 in touch or ask a question, where should they 00:21:07.529 --> 00:21:10.490 go? Yeah, it's, you know, to get in touch with 00:21:10.490 --> 00:21:16.769 me. is andrew at usca .edu. That is the best 00:21:16.769 --> 00:21:18.609 way to get ahold of me. All right. Thank you 00:21:18.609 --> 00:21:20.730 so much, Andrew. It was a pleasure. Thank you 00:21:20.730 --> 00:21:23.390 very much. I'm absolutely honored for you to 00:21:23.390 --> 00:21:24.069 ask for this.