WEBVTT 00:00:06.730 --> 00:00:09.570 Okay, so there's a couple of different whiteboard 00:00:09.570 --> 00:00:12.529 episodes about, there's two about the internal 00:00:12.529 --> 00:00:16.070 calculators, okay? We covered, just to recap 00:00:16.070 --> 00:00:19.829 real fast, sensory and then how state will map 00:00:19.829 --> 00:00:24.129 onto the sensory processing that you're having 00:00:24.129 --> 00:00:27.730 and then the value, okay? And then the control 00:00:27.730 --> 00:00:30.250 and then the policy kind of you're learning. 00:00:31.050 --> 00:00:33.490 What's feeding into and updating your beliefs? 00:00:34.320 --> 00:00:39.039 phenotypes and personalities. We talked about 00:00:39.039 --> 00:00:43.420 this mainly because it's prediction. Humans, 00:00:43.780 --> 00:00:47.719 we're not responding to the environment. We are 00:00:47.719 --> 00:00:51.020 responding to the predictions we have of the 00:00:51.020 --> 00:00:55.780 environment. That's the basis of human behavior 00:00:55.780 --> 00:01:00.280 and reaction. That's what it is. It's not just 00:01:00.280 --> 00:01:04.900 like this blank state. It's the predictions based 00:01:04.900 --> 00:01:09.060 off of our experiences that are feeding into 00:01:09.060 --> 00:01:12.780 this. Here, especially here, because of how we're 00:01:12.780 --> 00:01:16.040 feeling with the state, and then here, after 00:01:16.040 --> 00:01:19.379 the value, and then how much control do we have 00:01:19.379 --> 00:01:21.540 over the situation because I promise you, you 00:01:21.540 --> 00:01:24.920 don't like uncertainty. And then learning will 00:01:24.920 --> 00:01:28.980 happen, kind of feeding into this and then definitely. 00:01:29.390 --> 00:01:33.250 as you're executing the task or you're experiencing 00:01:33.250 --> 00:01:37.310 your life in the world. Okay so we talked about 00:01:37.310 --> 00:01:41.670 prediction prediction error just general recap 00:01:41.670 --> 00:01:43.849 here before we get in what we're going to get 00:01:43.849 --> 00:01:47.629 into for today okay prediction error is simply 00:01:47.629 --> 00:01:51.609 just what it's predicted what you predicted to 00:01:51.609 --> 00:01:55.950 encounter versus the actual that happened okay 00:01:55.950 --> 00:01:59.819 that delta Okay. And then you can zoom into this 00:01:59.819 --> 00:02:03.340 and say, okay, reward prediction error is the 00:02:03.340 --> 00:02:06.159 value higher than you predicted. That's going 00:02:06.159 --> 00:02:09.560 to stamp. Okay. We're going to get there right 00:02:09.560 --> 00:02:12.879 here, but you can also say aversion prediction 00:02:12.879 --> 00:02:15.979 error. If you really want to zoom into the prediction 00:02:15.979 --> 00:02:19.159 error model of neuroscience and human behavior, 00:02:19.159 --> 00:02:24.699 which is the outcome was worse than. Okay. So 00:02:24.699 --> 00:02:26.939 value, we talk about value here. Remember the 00:02:26.939 --> 00:02:29.439 ventromedial prefrontal cortex. We call it the 00:02:29.439 --> 00:02:33.319 scoreboard. This is what's kind of providing 00:02:33.319 --> 00:02:35.460 the value. It's where all of these things are 00:02:35.460 --> 00:02:37.539 feeding in all these neural correlates and telling 00:02:37.539 --> 00:02:41.039 the ventromedial prefrontal cortex. Actually, 00:02:41.460 --> 00:02:52.840 I found the paper. I found the paper that... 00:02:53.610 --> 00:02:56.530 I couldn't find it, but then I found it after 00:02:56.530 --> 00:02:59.610 we recorded that video. I just wanted to show 00:02:59.610 --> 00:03:03.270 you the amount of interactions and what's happening 00:03:03.270 --> 00:03:06.289 with the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, okay? 00:03:06.710 --> 00:03:12.810 Especially these neuromodulatory regions and 00:03:12.810 --> 00:03:15.710 these loops right here that we talk a lot about, 00:03:15.909 --> 00:03:19.509 okay? This is another cell press journal. It's 00:03:19.509 --> 00:03:23.520 a fantastic journal. Fantastic paper here about 00:03:23.520 --> 00:03:28.819 the role of the medial prefrontal cortex in memory 00:03:28.819 --> 00:03:31.479 and decision making. Remember the medial prefrontal 00:03:31.479 --> 00:03:36.520 cortex? We outlined the three regions here. The 00:03:36.520 --> 00:03:39.879 medial orbital frontal cortex, ventral medial 00:03:39.879 --> 00:03:42.740 prefrontal cortex, and the ACC, the anterior 00:03:42.740 --> 00:03:45.199 cingulate cortex, which is huge for control. 00:03:46.580 --> 00:03:48.560 I could spend a lot of time on this but there's 00:03:48.560 --> 00:03:52.319 videos about this stuff. is all in the medial 00:03:52.319 --> 00:03:55.479 prefrontal cortex, remember? The medial prefrontal 00:03:55.479 --> 00:04:00.580 cortex leads the way. It's where it's kind of 00:04:00.580 --> 00:04:03.300 like our conductor for adaptive responses. And 00:04:03.300 --> 00:04:05.659 that's a big thing with humans in the prefrontal 00:04:05.659 --> 00:04:08.400 cortex. It's a flexible rule setting machine 00:04:08.400 --> 00:04:11.900 because we're constantly having to adapt to our 00:04:11.900 --> 00:04:15.520 environments. And that's like in real time and 00:04:15.520 --> 00:04:19.060 over time through your history, through your 00:04:19.060 --> 00:04:23.509 life. okay so I wanted to show that with the 00:04:23.509 --> 00:04:27.790 ventral medial prefrontal cortex okay so now 00:04:27.790 --> 00:04:31.550 value here is determined it's the delta of reward 00:04:31.550 --> 00:04:35.269 minus cost metabolic cost okay so if the reward 00:04:35.269 --> 00:04:38.149 is high higher than the cost you're going to 00:04:38.149 --> 00:04:43.290 repeat that if the reward is lower than the cost 00:04:43.290 --> 00:04:45.709 or the cost is higher than the reward you're 00:04:45.709 --> 00:04:50.060 going to avoid that These are the equations of 00:04:50.060 --> 00:04:55.220 your life. But then we dialed in. Okay, so what's 00:04:55.220 --> 00:04:58.160 another way to look at value? That's net benefits. 00:04:59.160 --> 00:05:04.459 Your expected reward, back to this, minus the 00:05:04.459 --> 00:05:07.879 metabolic cost. Okay, remember the brain doesn't 00:05:07.879 --> 00:05:12.189 like to work. It just wants to respond. And it's 00:05:12.189 --> 00:05:14.810 evaluating. It's like the metabolic bank accountant. 00:05:15.129 --> 00:05:17.629 Do you have enough energy on board to do this 00:05:17.629 --> 00:05:20.670 task? You'll think about that and then you'll 00:05:20.670 --> 00:05:23.709 decide that for yourself without the action. 00:05:24.529 --> 00:05:27.949 You can tuck yourself into and out of many things 00:05:27.949 --> 00:05:32.970 via thought. You can get lost in thought. Humans 00:05:32.970 --> 00:05:40.110 have an infinite capacity for thought. Thoughts 00:05:40.110 --> 00:05:46.920 are very bad. in this situation. And they're 00:05:46.920 --> 00:05:50.000 just human creation, okay? That's the main goal. 00:05:50.579 --> 00:05:54.199 Thoughts are human creation. They're not necessarily 00:05:54.199 --> 00:05:59.019 reality. Okay, so then the last episode after 00:05:59.019 --> 00:06:01.480 these two about the internal calculators, we 00:06:01.480 --> 00:06:05.319 talked about anxiety, all right? And then I talked 00:06:05.319 --> 00:06:08.019 about This paper here and this is what we're 00:06:08.019 --> 00:06:10.019 going to kind of explore here I want to give 00:06:10.019 --> 00:06:13.860 real -life examples of how this plays out. Okay, 00:06:14.139 --> 00:06:17.060 and then we talked about how dopamine and norepinephrine 00:06:17.060 --> 00:06:22.279 are kind of modulating amplifying stamping the 00:06:22.279 --> 00:06:27.079 value here because dopamine is really Associated 00:06:27.079 --> 00:06:30.459 with that reinforcement. Okay and learning and 00:06:30.459 --> 00:06:33.259 norepinephrine is providing biological energy 00:06:33.550 --> 00:06:36.370 Okay, remember we talked about the locus coeruleus 00:06:36.370 --> 00:06:39.449 the blue spot how it just sprinkles the brain 00:06:39.449 --> 00:06:45.149 with Neural energy, okay with that neuro epinephrine 00:06:45.149 --> 00:06:50.810 and it lacks specificity it just kind of Provides 00:06:50.810 --> 00:06:58.129 the brain this general Biological energy to perform 00:06:58.129 --> 00:07:03.029 the actions, okay And this will modulate and 00:07:03.029 --> 00:07:05.949 amplify. And what we're talking about today and 00:07:05.949 --> 00:07:08.829 what you should talk about all the time in your 00:07:08.829 --> 00:07:17.250 life is, do you persist or do you quit? Persist 00:07:17.250 --> 00:07:19.990 versus quit is what this is talking about, okay? 00:07:20.290 --> 00:07:22.970 We have some episodes about the autism. This 00:07:22.970 --> 00:07:25.490 isn't necessarily autism, but it is related. 00:07:26.990 --> 00:07:30.800 December, probably 2024. I first talked about 00:07:30.800 --> 00:07:33.879 internal calculators and persisting versus quitting 00:07:33.879 --> 00:07:37.399 and how our phenotype and belief systems kind 00:07:37.399 --> 00:07:41.079 of dictate our lives, okay? And then with the 00:07:41.079 --> 00:07:43.980 anxiety, we talked about socialness because the 00:07:43.980 --> 00:07:45.920 social world, remember what I just said about 00:07:45.920 --> 00:07:48.480 the medial prefrontal cortex and adaptive responses, 00:07:49.240 --> 00:07:53.949 the social world is costly. There's a lot of 00:07:53.949 --> 00:07:58.110 metabolic cost associated with that mainly because 00:07:58.110 --> 00:08:04.370 not being understood but secondly is the the 00:08:04.370 --> 00:08:06.949 amount of sensory processing. There's a lot to 00:08:06.949 --> 00:08:10.990 take in. Sensations are like on fast forward. 00:08:11.550 --> 00:08:17.230 It's a lot to keep up with. Okay so that's enough 00:08:17.230 --> 00:08:19.209 background information I think for what we're 00:08:19.209 --> 00:08:21.529 going to cover today and We're going to talk 00:08:21.529 --> 00:08:24.370 about persist versus quit in life. Okay. And 00:08:24.370 --> 00:08:27.310 I'm going to use a physical example here of a 00:08:27.310 --> 00:08:31.110 physical activity of running, but you can also 00:08:31.110 --> 00:08:34.990 apply this to mental effort, which is they're 00:08:34.990 --> 00:08:37.809 like that. But if it's just like, say, I want 00:08:37.809 --> 00:08:40.110 to just read this paper and understand this paper, 00:08:40.269 --> 00:08:43.129 that's not physical effort. It's not a physical 00:08:43.129 --> 00:08:45.570 bout. It's more mental bout, but you can plug 00:08:45.570 --> 00:08:48.269 and play this with anything, anything in life. 00:08:48.950 --> 00:08:55.429 Okay. So. I like to run. And one thing that you 00:08:55.429 --> 00:08:59.669 can think about how this is working here is with 00:08:59.669 --> 00:09:06.210 this expected reward and metabolic cost is if 00:09:06.210 --> 00:09:11.169 I am running and the effort that I am giving 00:09:11.169 --> 00:09:17.610 exceeds the cost or even exceeds expectation, 00:09:17.789 --> 00:09:21.320 the prediction I have, I'm going to constantly 00:09:21.320 --> 00:09:24.659 persist and keep going that's a big role of the 00:09:24.659 --> 00:09:28.919 dopamine and or epinephrine here okay so if i 00:09:28.919 --> 00:09:33.700 am running down the road here or you can view 00:09:33.700 --> 00:09:38.820 it this way like if i just have a guy here running 00:09:38.820 --> 00:09:49.580 and he's running down the road here okay the 00:09:49.580 --> 00:09:53.600 time with this visual inputs coming in, the time 00:09:53.600 --> 00:09:57.179 it takes me to get from here to here, or let's 00:09:57.179 --> 00:09:59.940 say here to here, this is a little checkpoint, 00:10:00.360 --> 00:10:04.059 okay? You're doing this. We have these internal 00:10:04.059 --> 00:10:07.779 calculators and it's feeding in this, this value 00:10:07.779 --> 00:10:11.720 and providing state and value and control over 00:10:11.720 --> 00:10:14.299 the situation, the control over your motor movements. 00:10:14.960 --> 00:10:17.259 The time that it takes from here to here or here 00:10:17.259 --> 00:10:21.850 to here, if it's so -called net benefits, I'm 00:10:21.850 --> 00:10:26.950 going to keep going. The neuroepinephrine, which 00:10:26.950 --> 00:10:29.710 is shown here with a slow casseroleus, is going 00:10:29.710 --> 00:10:32.669 to keep fueling me. And the dopamine is like, 00:10:32.669 --> 00:10:35.909 I like this. This is reinforcing. I'm going to 00:10:35.909 --> 00:10:41.470 keep going. But let's say over time, I start 00:10:41.470 --> 00:10:45.129 to slow down and I'm using more metabolic cost. 00:10:45.769 --> 00:10:48.210 That's going to happen. I'm not David Goggins. 00:10:48.639 --> 00:10:54.980 I'm not campaigns. Even they quit. Eventually 00:10:54.980 --> 00:11:00.860 this is going to shift. And the time it takes 00:11:00.860 --> 00:11:04.940 for me to get from here to here is slower. And 00:11:04.940 --> 00:11:08.919 then even from here to here is slower. Okay. 00:11:10.080 --> 00:11:12.360 Or you can think about it from here. I'm running 00:11:12.360 --> 00:11:15.179 this way. This is like a city block or something. 00:11:16.360 --> 00:11:19.860 often you have electrical poles that you're passing 00:11:19.860 --> 00:11:23.980 by and as you're passing by these city blocks 00:11:23.980 --> 00:11:28.460 or the electrical poles and it's you're exceeding 00:11:28.460 --> 00:11:32.559 that time expectation it's saying go go go keep 00:11:32.559 --> 00:11:37.179 going if it's slower as you're slowing down and 00:11:37.179 --> 00:11:41.879 you're just kind of battling in to get to that 00:11:41.879 --> 00:11:44.320 next checkpoint because remember you've built 00:11:44.320 --> 00:11:48.960 in this experience and this ability to evaluate 00:11:48.960 --> 00:11:55.899 this your your brain is telling you what are 00:11:55.899 --> 00:11:59.679 you doing essentially the amount of effort that 00:11:59.679 --> 00:12:05.100 you're providing is not giving you the reward 00:12:05.100 --> 00:12:10.559 the expectation so your metabolic cost is greater 00:12:10.559 --> 00:12:15.879 than so you're going to want to avoid persisting 00:12:15.879 --> 00:12:20.299 in that task. Okay and then you will start to 00:12:20.299 --> 00:12:23.720 slow down because the visual inputs mainly it's 00:12:23.720 --> 00:12:26.500 all about the visual inputs here. The visual 00:12:26.500 --> 00:12:30.799 inputs are going to just be slower and slower 00:12:30.799 --> 00:12:34.600 and slower. Okay now I can think about this mentally 00:12:34.600 --> 00:12:40.539 too whenever I'm running. Whenever um as you're 00:12:40.539 --> 00:12:43.960 let's see how how do I say if you if you think 00:12:43.960 --> 00:12:47.460 about you're moving here you're moving down this 00:12:47.460 --> 00:12:50.539 road and you're moving down this road like this 00:12:50.539 --> 00:12:56.620 okay mentally i'm thinking i feel pretty good 00:12:56.620 --> 00:13:00.399 i like this i'm enjoying this activity right 00:13:00.399 --> 00:13:04.980 now because of the the amount of effort that 00:13:04.980 --> 00:13:08.679 i'm providing for this bow this physical bow 00:13:08.679 --> 00:13:14.379 or mental bow is giving me reward Okay, and I 00:13:14.379 --> 00:13:19.620 can think about this I can think about Sensations 00:13:19.620 --> 00:13:25.500 here I can feel Every time my feet hits the pavement 00:13:25.500 --> 00:13:32.220 It feels light meaning each step I take it feels 00:13:32.220 --> 00:13:36.679 like My feet aren't blasting the ground where 00:13:36.679 --> 00:13:40.360 I'm just like hitting it and bouncing off Okay, 00:13:40.659 --> 00:13:45.779 as I get tired I can start to feel my feet smacking 00:13:45.779 --> 00:13:49.820 the ground and the the contact points of the 00:13:49.820 --> 00:13:53.279 feet feels like it's greater than whenever I'm 00:13:53.279 --> 00:13:57.360 just bouncing off the ground and This is signaling 00:13:57.360 --> 00:14:02.299 to me like I am just stomping I'm running heavy 00:14:02.299 --> 00:14:06.320 is how I evaluate that to myself versus I'm running 00:14:06.320 --> 00:14:10.720 light Okay, and I can think about that and it 00:14:10.720 --> 00:14:15.379 makes me think okay, I need to Kind of calm my 00:14:15.379 --> 00:14:18.600 stress response. Okay, this Calculator here. 00:14:18.600 --> 00:14:22.200 I need to stop making it trick me Okay, because 00:14:22.200 --> 00:14:26.840 we can think about the sympathetic the sympathetic 00:14:26.840 --> 00:14:32.100 and parasympathetic nervous system, okay, and 00:14:32.100 --> 00:14:38.230 this is uh So sympathetic is get up and go activation 00:14:38.230 --> 00:14:43.490 arousal go go go parasympathetic is like you're 00:14:43.490 --> 00:14:49.870 calm okay so regardless as all of this mental 00:14:49.870 --> 00:14:53.490 and physical effort is being exerted and i'm 00:14:53.490 --> 00:14:58.230 way up here but i am slowing down physically 00:14:58.230 --> 00:15:03.429 i need to bring myself back down to this range 00:15:03.429 --> 00:15:08.830 here Let's say this is my range of optimal performance. 00:15:09.830 --> 00:15:15.269 Okay, and I Need to calm myself down So I can 00:15:15.269 --> 00:15:19.149 do that in two ways the visual inputs the visual 00:15:19.149 --> 00:15:23.850 inputs coming in can help me and also breathing 00:15:23.850 --> 00:15:29.509 because as you're using all of this metabolic 00:15:29.509 --> 00:15:34.129 energy as you're using such metabolic demands 00:15:34.129 --> 00:15:37.149 here, trying to keep up, trying to persist with 00:15:37.149 --> 00:15:39.590 this physical activity that you like to enjoy. 00:15:41.690 --> 00:15:45.350 You can deliberately take control of your eye 00:15:45.350 --> 00:15:49.769 movements, slow them down. You can just focus 00:15:49.769 --> 00:15:53.309 in on something. So if I'm running here and maybe 00:15:53.309 --> 00:15:57.210 there's a rock in the road here and as I'm approaching 00:15:57.210 --> 00:16:01.070 it, I'm going to stare at that rock. And it works 00:16:01.070 --> 00:16:04.429 better if it's like maybe 10, 15 yards in front 00:16:04.429 --> 00:16:08.570 of me. So can you see? Let's say this is a rock. 00:16:08.950 --> 00:16:13.210 Okay. And then as I get closer, I can bounce 00:16:13.210 --> 00:16:16.289 my eye movements and find something else to focus 00:16:16.289 --> 00:16:20.830 on. And then for 10, 15 more yards, I'm just 00:16:20.830 --> 00:16:25.950 staring at this rock. Okay. And then I'm just 00:16:25.950 --> 00:16:29.370 going to keep finding something and make sure 00:16:29.370 --> 00:16:34.909 my my eyes are not in an increased gaze because 00:16:34.909 --> 00:16:38.669 increased gaze means your way up here your way 00:16:38.669 --> 00:16:41.850 up here in the sympathetic range and you're just 00:16:41.850 --> 00:16:46.330 going to exhaust yourself either accurately like 00:16:46.330 --> 00:16:49.149 it's legit or you're just going to confuse yourself 00:16:49.149 --> 00:16:52.490 because of this internal calculator and this 00:16:52.490 --> 00:16:56.330 reward and cost value is going to be inflated 00:16:57.480 --> 00:17:03.620 That's why we talked about The the the act of 00:17:03.620 --> 00:17:08.200 quitting is mental because these glia accumulate 00:17:08.200 --> 00:17:11.420 Evidence that actions are futile and suppress 00:17:11.420 --> 00:17:15.039 unsuccessful behavior because your internal calculators 00:17:15.039 --> 00:17:17.980 these biological calculators are going to think 00:17:17.980 --> 00:17:21.140 well this action this effort is unsuccessful 00:17:21.140 --> 00:17:26.839 and It's could be true, but you can keep going 00:17:26.839 --> 00:17:29.079 a little bit more and a little bit more and a 00:17:29.079 --> 00:17:33.180 little bit more in life because people have a 00:17:33.180 --> 00:17:37.240 tendency to just want to quit early and that's 00:17:37.240 --> 00:17:42.940 not so much the case. You can keep going. You 00:17:42.940 --> 00:17:46.039 have to bypass these internal calculators. You 00:17:46.039 --> 00:17:50.059 have to bypass these value systems that causes 00:17:50.059 --> 00:17:54.359 you to quit. Causes your policy here that you're 00:17:54.359 --> 00:17:57.299 updating your beliefs your core beliefs. I can't 00:17:57.299 --> 00:18:01.180 I'm done and Your phenotype to I'm just going 00:18:01.180 --> 00:18:05.079 to avoid that You can update this and change 00:18:05.079 --> 00:18:09.420 it That's what's valuable about life because 00:18:09.420 --> 00:18:11.740 you want to do something because you're doing 00:18:11.740 --> 00:18:16.019 it and You can do better because humans have 00:18:16.019 --> 00:18:18.940 an infinite capacity to succeed and do better 00:18:20.619 --> 00:18:24.799 You can take control of this and utilize these 00:18:24.799 --> 00:18:27.519 two behavioral tools or these two endogenous 00:18:27.519 --> 00:18:31.279 ways of Modulating your autonomic nervous system. 00:18:31.339 --> 00:18:34.799 Okay, one is the vision and then the other one 00:18:34.799 --> 00:18:37.440 is breathing because I promise you as you're 00:18:37.440 --> 00:18:41.680 running that physical effort your breathing is 00:18:41.680 --> 00:18:44.920 Think about it as the rate and depth. It's fast. 00:18:45.420 --> 00:18:49.529 It's too fast So you can slow, deliberately slow 00:18:49.529 --> 00:18:52.970 your breath down and that's going to also bring 00:18:52.970 --> 00:18:58.490 you back down. Okay, so vision, vision, taking 00:18:58.490 --> 00:19:01.750 conscious control and not having so much eye 00:19:01.750 --> 00:19:06.349 gaze, focusing in on something. And as you're 00:19:06.349 --> 00:19:10.430 running towards it, you will kind of bypass and 00:19:10.430 --> 00:19:13.750 trick these internal calculators. I promise you, 00:19:13.789 --> 00:19:17.930 you will. So vision and the breathing taking 00:19:17.930 --> 00:19:20.809 conscious control over both the eyes and your 00:19:20.809 --> 00:19:23.670 breathing because they are directly related to 00:19:23.670 --> 00:19:27.009 this autonomic nervous system Okay, and that's 00:19:27.009 --> 00:19:30.569 exactly what this paper is about they trick these 00:19:30.569 --> 00:19:36.390 zebrafish and exactly a Task like this where 00:19:36.390 --> 00:19:40.400 they they determine that actions are futile but 00:19:40.400 --> 00:19:42.599 the actions they're doing is not giving them 00:19:42.599 --> 00:19:48.079 anything. So why do it? Why persist? And the 00:19:48.079 --> 00:19:52.740 degree to which you can kind of set yourself 00:19:52.740 --> 00:19:56.640 up to perform better and to kind of maintain 00:19:56.640 --> 00:20:00.200 and persist versus quit is going to be a lot 00:20:00.200 --> 00:20:04.319 of benefits in life. This is a lot of psychology. 00:20:04.339 --> 00:20:07.640 This is a lot of mental toughness you could say. 00:20:08.619 --> 00:20:12.119 It doesn't matter if you like to run or not you 00:20:12.119 --> 00:20:18.079 can apply this to everything in life Because 00:20:18.079 --> 00:20:21.859 these core beliefs your core beliefs here will 00:20:21.859 --> 00:20:27.700 own you Even if they're not accurate you will 00:20:27.700 --> 00:20:33.680 be owned by this kind of reward and cost benefit 00:20:33.680 --> 00:20:39.190 thing Your phenotype Who controls your life? 00:20:39.849 --> 00:20:43.589 Is it going to be you? Or is it going to be these 00:20:43.589 --> 00:20:47.769 either false perceptions or the external world? 00:20:48.329 --> 00:20:51.009 Then I don't know. It doesn't matter to me who 00:20:51.009 --> 00:20:55.089 owns you, but something owns you. This is all 00:20:55.089 --> 00:20:59.369 about taking control of your life because that's 00:20:59.369 --> 00:21:02.009 what feeds in the adaptive responses in your 00:21:02.009 --> 00:21:05.650 actions. Remember, from here to here, we hit 00:21:05.650 --> 00:21:08.829 the dorsal striatum for actions the basal ganglia 00:21:08.829 --> 00:21:17.309 okay so that is in summary what this is about 00:21:17.309 --> 00:21:21.289 okay so i have a note here behavior pattern equals 00:21:21.289 --> 00:21:25.809 trying to achieve a goal repeatedly failing despite 00:21:25.809 --> 00:21:31.450 trying harder and giving up temporarily and then 00:21:31.450 --> 00:21:36.730 trying again So the time it takes for you to 00:21:36.730 --> 00:21:40.670 give up temporarily and then try again persisting. 00:21:40.809 --> 00:21:44.230 I just showed you how you can accelerate that 00:21:44.230 --> 00:21:48.430 gap. That temporal domain here. How you can bypass 00:21:48.430 --> 00:21:52.150 that so you can persist for longer. And this 00:21:52.150 --> 00:21:56.509 works. This is built into our nervous system. 00:21:56.529 --> 00:22:00.789 This is all endogenous stuff. You will quit way 00:22:00.789 --> 00:22:05.589 before your body We'll give up. We'll fail you. 00:22:06.230 --> 00:22:08.329 And that doesn't matter if it's a mental bout 00:22:08.329 --> 00:22:14.289 or a physical bout. We are who we are because 00:22:14.289 --> 00:22:28.430 of this. I think I covered everything. I don't 00:22:28.430 --> 00:22:32.549 know though. I hope so. All right. Persist versus 00:22:32.549 --> 00:22:34.160 quit. You can keep going.