WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:02.799 I want to talk about listening dissonance, listening 00:00:02.799 --> 00:00:06.500 dissonance and filtering noises, unwanted noises 00:00:06.500 --> 00:00:09.800 up through this. If you want to look at it through 00:00:09.800 --> 00:00:13.380 here or just up through here, listening to silence 00:00:13.380 --> 00:00:16.960 kind of starts with three and four because we're 00:00:16.960 --> 00:00:21.199 losing our capacity to inhibit noises coming 00:00:21.199 --> 00:00:27.600 up. So this is going to be gone just for the 00:00:27.600 --> 00:00:31.190 little ABR table. And I want to talk about listening 00:00:31.190 --> 00:00:33.609 dissonance though. Because listening to dissonance 00:00:33.609 --> 00:00:36.369 is why I want to talk about it so bad is it's 00:00:36.369 --> 00:00:38.469 not well understood. You probably never even 00:00:38.469 --> 00:00:41.210 heard of it. But every autistic phenotype struggles 00:00:41.210 --> 00:00:45.270 with it. I promise you. It's when sounds blend. 00:00:46.590 --> 00:00:50.229 It's a big problem. So what is this? It just 00:00:50.229 --> 00:00:53.450 sounds blending. It's exactly what it is. So 00:00:53.450 --> 00:00:55.770 there's two things that I want to kind of get 00:00:55.770 --> 00:01:01.590 into. Two kind of... analogies that I think might 00:01:01.590 --> 00:01:04.890 help with this because of the inhibition the 00:01:04.890 --> 00:01:08.129 excitation inhibition so remember if we draw 00:01:08.129 --> 00:01:14.629 out the seesaw analogy right excitation here 00:01:14.629 --> 00:01:18.989 inhibition here this is the default for the autistic 00:01:18.989 --> 00:01:23.950 phenotype high excitation low inhibition because 00:01:23.950 --> 00:01:26.969 of a lot of those inhibitory cells being missed 00:01:28.900 --> 00:01:33.599 in large part here, and throughout, and throughout 00:01:33.599 --> 00:01:35.359 the brain regions, okay? Because we're going 00:01:35.359 --> 00:01:38.319 to talk about more cortex areas with this listening 00:01:38.319 --> 00:01:40.900 dissonance, and I think you'll be able to make 00:01:40.900 --> 00:01:45.780 sense of it. So as signals come in, and we're 00:01:45.780 --> 00:01:51.459 reaching the cochlear neculuses here, with, from 00:01:51.459 --> 00:01:54.560 two to three in the brain stem response, and 00:01:54.560 --> 00:01:57.260 then from three to four is where it really starts 00:01:57.260 --> 00:02:01.739 to kind of blend. Okay, by the time the signal 00:02:01.739 --> 00:02:05.439 reaches this brain stem area here, this superior 00:02:05.439 --> 00:02:09.280 olive right here and the inferior all the way 00:02:09.280 --> 00:02:13.319 up to the inferior colliculus. So from three 00:02:13.319 --> 00:02:16.979 to four and then four to five is whenever it's 00:02:16.979 --> 00:02:22.080 starting to happen. A roll of these areas, the 00:02:22.080 --> 00:02:27.770 olive area, the laminscus and the inferior colliculus 00:02:27.770 --> 00:02:37.870 is suppressing unwanted sounds. So how does it 00:02:37.870 --> 00:02:40.710 know what it wants to pay attention to? Is a 00:02:40.710 --> 00:02:44.469 good question. Well, one thing you can think 00:02:44.469 --> 00:02:48.750 of is we're mapping this out from a beginning. 00:02:49.909 --> 00:02:53.250 But rarely, if ever, as you're navigating the 00:02:53.250 --> 00:02:57.340 social world as a living organism is You're not 00:02:57.340 --> 00:03:00.360 going to have any noises and then suddenly noises 00:03:00.360 --> 00:03:04.599 are just going to hit start So that's something 00:03:04.599 --> 00:03:07.180 you really need to consider. Okay, there's always 00:03:07.180 --> 00:03:11.400 background noises going on if you're up whenever 00:03:11.400 --> 00:03:14.740 it's sending signals up new signals coming up 00:03:14.740 --> 00:03:19.120 and The thalamus has recruited out with that 00:03:19.120 --> 00:03:22.919 the thalamus cortical pathway in the auditory 00:03:22.919 --> 00:03:29.159 cortex the brain can kind of respond back and 00:03:29.159 --> 00:03:33.080 understand what noises are relevant, what noises 00:03:33.080 --> 00:03:37.960 are salient versus the ones that are not. So 00:03:37.960 --> 00:03:42.539 it can send signals back down to the olivary 00:03:42.539 --> 00:03:46.819 cortex, the lamenscus, and the inferior colliculus 00:03:46.819 --> 00:03:51.780 to kind of help shut off, kind of prevent these 00:03:51.780 --> 00:03:56.270 from happening. So... A good way of thinking 00:03:56.270 --> 00:04:00.969 about this is, and it's good that we use green, 00:04:01.129 --> 00:04:05.770 but I'm going to think about this as water hose, 00:04:06.509 --> 00:04:16.129 okay? Plumbing is weird, weird things here, okay? 00:04:19.029 --> 00:04:26.769 So this is the water hose. and then actually 00:04:26.769 --> 00:04:32.029 it mostly it mostly goes straight doesn't it 00:04:32.029 --> 00:04:36.930 see plumbing is weird so you have this and then 00:04:36.930 --> 00:04:48.189 let's say you have a faucet okay so you have 00:04:48.189 --> 00:04:51.709 a faucet okay you want it you can turn it on 00:04:51.709 --> 00:04:58.220 so All through here, I wanna go green. I wanna 00:04:58.220 --> 00:05:02.519 go green. Let's just say this is water, okay? 00:05:04.139 --> 00:05:09.360 Because these are the signals coming up the brain 00:05:09.360 --> 00:05:15.079 stem. And then these kind of areas are the areas 00:05:15.079 --> 00:05:17.860 trying to filter this out. And even the cortex 00:05:17.860 --> 00:05:23.259 trying to suppress these sounds. If you have 00:05:23.259 --> 00:05:27.600 a leak here, or if you're trying to control the 00:05:27.600 --> 00:05:31.740 water flow here, but you can't, water is just 00:05:31.740 --> 00:05:36.379 going to come out uncontrollably. Okay, and this 00:05:36.379 --> 00:05:39.180 is kind of what this is with that endocochlear 00:05:39.180 --> 00:05:42.439 potential, where you have this strong electrical 00:05:42.439 --> 00:05:45.740 potential in that strong gradient, just to shoot 00:05:45.740 --> 00:05:49.040 noises up. But if you don't have the inhibition, 00:05:49.500 --> 00:05:51.810 the inhibition could be a couple of different 00:05:51.810 --> 00:05:54.649 things. It could be the handle that turns it 00:05:54.649 --> 00:06:00.170 on and off, or maybe there's a filter. Maybe 00:06:00.170 --> 00:06:07.449 there's a special filter here so that you don't 00:06:07.449 --> 00:06:10.889 have the unwanted things of the water like fluoride 00:06:10.889 --> 00:06:14.990 or something to get out. But maybe that filter 00:06:14.990 --> 00:06:17.610 is bad. You haven't changed it in a while. So 00:06:17.610 --> 00:06:21.600 now you're getting all of this fluoride and unwanted 00:06:21.600 --> 00:06:28.180 particles out in the water because inhibition 00:06:28.180 --> 00:06:40.420 downstream is letting this in. So your filter, 00:06:40.980 --> 00:06:43.220 or maybe you even have a filter coming into your 00:06:43.220 --> 00:06:47.680 house, an extra filter, which is popular. It's 00:06:47.680 --> 00:06:56.129 pretty common now. This filter is bad. The role 00:06:56.129 --> 00:07:01.230 of inhibition here is to get rid of these red 00:07:01.230 --> 00:07:05.110 marks, which is unwanted, which is no good, okay? 00:07:09.689 --> 00:07:15.829 So if you want to think about it, the green are 00:07:15.829 --> 00:07:21.779 the ghost signals. So we have glutamate excitation 00:07:21.779 --> 00:07:24.000 running this way because that's the direction 00:07:24.000 --> 00:07:27.180 of the water flow and this is helping it it's 00:07:27.180 --> 00:07:30.060 helping it push it along at faster rates because 00:07:30.060 --> 00:07:34.160 that's our default our default is go especially 00:07:34.160 --> 00:07:38.579 with sensation perception but then you have inhibit 00:07:38.579 --> 00:07:42.240 inhibition things like parv albium interneuron 00:07:42.240 --> 00:07:46.120 and somatostatin and basal intestinal peptides 00:07:46.120 --> 00:07:49.879 remember that are acting on as a this inhibition 00:07:49.879 --> 00:08:00.779 we have these let's say we just have parvalbium 00:08:00.779 --> 00:08:04.740 and so forth like this this is kind of wanting 00:08:04.740 --> 00:08:09.740 to block so we have inhibition here and here 00:08:09.740 --> 00:08:17.459 and some here but we can't based off of the the 00:08:17.459 --> 00:08:20.600 context and the capacity of these inhibitions, 00:08:20.740 --> 00:08:25.199 we can't naturally control the output, the flow 00:08:25.199 --> 00:08:29.480 of the noises. So, sometimes the autistic phenotype 00:08:29.480 --> 00:08:33.940 is overwhelmed with this water. Okay, so you 00:08:33.940 --> 00:08:36.840 could think of this as the difference between 00:08:36.840 --> 00:08:41.620 a water hose outside and a fire hydrant, maybe. 00:08:42.840 --> 00:08:45.500 The fire hydrant is a good way of thinking about 00:08:45.720 --> 00:08:49.980 Autistic stability for sensory processing. It's 00:08:49.980 --> 00:08:52.600 a fire hose of information, Carl Beiseroth says, 00:08:52.700 --> 00:08:59.539 and projections. Here, projections. It's a torrent 00:08:59.539 --> 00:09:03.539 of information, he calls it. And it's accurate. 00:09:04.200 --> 00:09:08.220 Because there's no stop signals here. There is 00:09:08.220 --> 00:09:12.679 no stopping here. And each one of these areas 00:09:12.679 --> 00:09:21.740 here the olivary, the laminscus here, and then 00:09:21.740 --> 00:09:24.580 the inferior colliculus is trying to provide 00:09:24.580 --> 00:09:27.820 a little bit of stopping. Because once it hits 00:09:27.820 --> 00:09:32.440 the thalamus, especially with this TRM that is 00:09:32.440 --> 00:09:38.259 already in a bad state, bad condition, everything 00:09:38.259 --> 00:09:40.559 is just going to start to become overwhelming. 00:09:42.440 --> 00:09:47.120 So this is very similar to the ear canal. So 00:09:47.120 --> 00:09:52.240 we should have built -in inhibition, mainly up 00:09:52.240 --> 00:09:56.539 through here though, to help stop, filter out 00:09:56.539 --> 00:10:01.259 this stuff. So we're up here and we have a lot 00:10:01.259 --> 00:10:05.700 of noise. We have a lot of noise now coming in. 00:10:05.980 --> 00:10:09.220 It's just, okay, we'll use green. It's becoming 00:10:09.220 --> 00:10:14.389 overwhelming. We have So much to perceive here, 00:10:14.389 --> 00:10:17.289 okay? With the auditory cortex, which is here. 00:10:17.809 --> 00:10:22.389 And then if we map out, let's just draw a side 00:10:22.389 --> 00:10:26.330 view of this, okay? So we have the pons and the 00:10:26.330 --> 00:10:36.070 brain stem, kind of the cerebellum. And if your 00:10:36.070 --> 00:10:39.970 caliculus is here, okay? It's here. that's what 00:10:39.970 --> 00:10:44.450 this is superior colliculus here and then we 00:10:44.450 --> 00:10:49.509 have the thalamus medial geniculate the lateral 00:10:49.509 --> 00:10:53.690 geniculate i'm just going to make this kind of 00:10:53.690 --> 00:10:59.009 so this is the thalamus here okay because i want 00:10:59.009 --> 00:11:02.250 to highlight the big thing with listening to 00:11:02.250 --> 00:11:14.750 sonnets here So the occipital, the parietal, 00:11:16.110 --> 00:11:23.570 the sensory motor here, the prefrontal cortex, 00:11:28.509 --> 00:11:49.250 kind of this temporal lobe. Okay, so as noises 00:11:49.250 --> 00:11:52.909 start to become overwhelming, so A1 is over here, 00:11:53.309 --> 00:11:58.509 okay? It's more occipital. A1 is up here, and 00:11:58.509 --> 00:12:02.649 it's very lateral. It's very lateral. So A1 is 00:12:02.649 --> 00:12:05.070 up here, and it's trying to... This is where 00:12:05.070 --> 00:12:08.590 perception happens, okay? We do not understand 00:12:08.590 --> 00:12:11.750 the noises until A1 kind of helps make sense 00:12:11.750 --> 00:12:14.610 of it. Like if you hear your favorite song, and 00:12:14.610 --> 00:12:17.100 maybe... It takes one second, one or two tones, 00:12:17.120 --> 00:12:20.980 and you recognize the song. Versus, oh, what's 00:12:20.980 --> 00:12:23.039 that song? What is that song? You're just sitting 00:12:23.039 --> 00:12:26.620 there, what song is that? You're trying to, you're 00:12:26.620 --> 00:12:29.200 working here in the auditory cortex and other 00:12:29.200 --> 00:12:31.320 areas of the cortex. Remember, layers two and 00:12:31.320 --> 00:12:33.259 three in the mini -columns will help you get 00:12:33.259 --> 00:12:36.940 there. But the thalamus is sending signals up 00:12:36.940 --> 00:12:39.139 to those mini -columns to recruit layers two 00:12:39.139 --> 00:12:41.159 and three. because layers two and three is where 00:12:41.159 --> 00:12:44.000 your experiences live, your subjective experiences 00:12:44.000 --> 00:12:47.320 and your intelligence live. Okay, so the big 00:12:47.320 --> 00:12:50.019 thing with listening to sonus here with recruiting 00:12:50.019 --> 00:12:52.980 the rest of this cortex is going to be massive. 00:12:54.700 --> 00:12:58.200 To compensate this overwhelming noise coming 00:12:58.200 --> 00:13:01.679 through here into the thalamus and the auditory 00:13:01.679 --> 00:13:07.379 cortex, the brain and your sensory processing 00:13:07.379 --> 00:13:12.049 will attempt to recruit Distal connections, especially 00:13:12.049 --> 00:13:15.309 the medial prefrontal cortex, which is here. 00:13:15.590 --> 00:13:18.990 The first time we mentioned this was in the Autism 00:13:18.990 --> 00:13:21.570 and Adaptive Responses episode where we parsed 00:13:21.570 --> 00:13:25.470 out the medial prefrontal cortex, the ACC, anterior 00:13:25.470 --> 00:13:28.470 cingulate cortex, which is a subdivision here, 00:13:28.470 --> 00:13:32.169 and the anterior insula, which is about right 00:13:32.169 --> 00:13:36.789 here. Very lateral, but also right here. So we 00:13:36.789 --> 00:13:39.679 have the dorsal lateral up here. and the orbital 00:13:39.679 --> 00:13:42.759 prefrontal cortex right here. Orbital prefrontal 00:13:42.759 --> 00:13:45.960 cortex, medial prefrontal cortex is in the middle, 00:13:45.980 --> 00:13:48.440 and then this outside surface right here is the 00:13:48.440 --> 00:13:55.019 dorsal lateral, okay? Whenever you're trying 00:13:55.019 --> 00:13:59.559 to, oh, before I explain the circuitry here with 00:13:59.559 --> 00:14:02.379 listening and dissonance, a major role of the 00:14:02.379 --> 00:14:04.860 prefrontal cortex, if you're just going to explain 00:14:04.860 --> 00:14:08.659 it in one row, it's to shh. The neurosurgeon 00:14:08.659 --> 00:14:14.120 said this, Casey Halpern, the role of the prefrontal 00:14:14.120 --> 00:14:18.559 cortex is to quiet the rest of these subcortical 00:14:18.559 --> 00:14:23.519 areas. It's inactivating the subcortical areas. 00:14:23.720 --> 00:14:27.639 That way you can recruit adaptive responses. 00:14:31.299 --> 00:14:34.299 So with this listening to solanets and becoming 00:14:34.299 --> 00:14:38.350 this sensory overload, Remember, because of this 00:14:38.350 --> 00:14:41.769 scenario right here, low inhibition, high excitation 00:14:41.769 --> 00:14:47.370 equals sensory overload. The brain is trying 00:14:47.370 --> 00:14:51.330 to recruit these more higher order functionings, 00:14:51.470 --> 00:14:54.950 this top down control over this situation because 00:14:54.950 --> 00:14:57.929 your ears will start to thrive here or throb 00:14:57.929 --> 00:15:01.210 and you just can't make sense of it and you can 00:15:01.210 --> 00:15:04.610 feel yourself becoming overwhelmed. This is called 00:15:09.500 --> 00:15:17.399 signal to noise signal is healthy noise is not 00:15:17.399 --> 00:15:20.679 healthy you want to the whole thing we're talking 00:15:20.679 --> 00:15:23.440 about over here is quieting the noise filtering 00:15:23.440 --> 00:15:36.559 out the noise okay so good bad Okay, so these 00:15:36.559 --> 00:15:39.759 brain regions here that are for adaptive responses 00:15:39.759 --> 00:15:42.379 and top -down control are recruited and they're 00:15:42.379 --> 00:15:44.860 heavily involved and it doesn't matter if you're 00:15:44.860 --> 00:15:50.360 autistic or not. You can hook up, put the scalp 00:15:50.360 --> 00:15:53.960 fMRI on and measure brain waves even in the typical. 00:15:54.379 --> 00:15:57.700 These areas will begin to heighten because it's 00:15:57.700 --> 00:16:02.580 trying to provide effort into quieting these 00:16:02.580 --> 00:16:06.179 areas right here. it's putting in effort into 00:16:06.179 --> 00:16:09.460 quieting this and it becomes difficult even for 00:16:09.460 --> 00:16:15.179 the typical. It's kind of compensating here but 00:16:15.179 --> 00:16:17.919 because of the autistic phenotype being like 00:16:17.919 --> 00:16:21.980 this there's even so much excitation here and 00:16:21.980 --> 00:16:26.779 there's not enough parvalbium interneuron especially 00:16:26.779 --> 00:16:31.659 with this area right here and the ACC and the 00:16:31.659 --> 00:16:34.759 anterior insula. The anterior insula is paying 00:16:34.759 --> 00:16:37.559 attention to bodily states. So as you're becoming 00:16:37.559 --> 00:16:41.179 overwhelmed, your heart rate will change. And 00:16:41.179 --> 00:16:45.159 so is your breathing, your depth and rate of 00:16:45.159 --> 00:16:49.340 your breathing. And that is being fed up to the 00:16:49.340 --> 00:16:52.500 posterior insula and the anterior insula right 00:16:52.500 --> 00:16:57.840 here. And to the ACC. Remember the ACC? It's 00:16:57.840 --> 00:17:01.679 measuring conflict monitoring. It's measuring 00:17:01.879 --> 00:17:06.059 error detection. It's signaling errors are happening. 00:17:06.599 --> 00:17:09.680 I'm becoming overwhelmed. What do I need to do? 00:17:09.759 --> 00:17:12.619 I need to do something. And the anterior insula 00:17:12.619 --> 00:17:16.720 is being hijacked by the bodily states. And now 00:17:16.720 --> 00:17:20.920 the brain states are working overdrive even in 00:17:20.920 --> 00:17:25.180 the typical. It's providing a lot of effort to 00:17:25.180 --> 00:17:30.099 clear out and free up the sensory processing. 00:17:30.259 --> 00:17:38.180 Okay. it becomes so much that emotional circuits 00:17:38.180 --> 00:17:42.079 are also being recruited because of right the 00:17:42.079 --> 00:17:45.420 brain or the yeah the brain states even and the 00:17:45.420 --> 00:17:50.299 bodily states so remember that third role of 00:17:50.299 --> 00:17:54.579 the interior insula is evaluating the environment 00:17:54.579 --> 00:17:59.140 so it has three main data sources brain body 00:17:59.140 --> 00:18:03.690 environment And this thing is becoming overwhelmed. 00:18:04.990 --> 00:18:10.890 And so it's hijacking. It's allowing these processes 00:18:10.890 --> 00:18:18.690 to be hijacked. So the insula is a good friend 00:18:18.690 --> 00:18:24.569 and a very powerful enemy. Just depends on who's 00:18:24.569 --> 00:18:27.230 leading the way here. Remember, we talk about 00:18:27.230 --> 00:18:31.230 who's leading the way. When we're at adapting 00:18:31.230 --> 00:18:33.849 when we're responding well to the environment, 00:18:34.690 --> 00:18:36.769 areas like the dorsal lateral and the medial 00:18:36.769 --> 00:18:40.769 prefrontal will lead the way. It will orchestrate 00:18:40.769 --> 00:18:44.349 the circuitry needed in these lower areas here 00:18:44.349 --> 00:18:48.490 instead of vice versa. When we are overwhelmed, 00:18:49.470 --> 00:18:54.349 these lower areas like the amygdala here and 00:18:54.349 --> 00:19:01.480 this ACC Become hyperactive and they're hyper 00:19:01.480 --> 00:19:04.880 connective and these are emotional circuitries 00:19:04.880 --> 00:19:12.500 It gets to the point where these are hijacked 00:19:12.500 --> 00:19:17.420 and Including here the orbital frontal cortex 00:19:17.420 --> 00:19:23.759 is roughly 90 % sensory Even though it's a so 00:19:23.759 --> 00:19:28.089 -called prefrontal cortex. Okay, so The orbital 00:19:28.089 --> 00:19:33.130 frontal cortex, the amygdala, which is not our 00:19:33.130 --> 00:19:36.369 fear center. People get rid of that. That's a 00:19:36.369 --> 00:19:40.609 bad misnomer. Fear center is all about correlates. 00:19:40.869 --> 00:19:44.890 We are past the times of this brain region equals 00:19:44.890 --> 00:19:47.950 this. The amygdala is also involved with positive 00:19:47.950 --> 00:19:51.670 things too and motivation, not just fear. So 00:19:51.670 --> 00:19:55.349 come on. And then the anterior insula. Whenever 00:19:55.349 --> 00:19:59.019 these things are this kind of hijacked, like 00:19:59.019 --> 00:20:05.839 this, and the prefrontal becomes shut off, we 00:20:05.839 --> 00:20:10.500 leave. Because that's the only option at that 00:20:10.500 --> 00:20:14.160 point. Is it an adaptive response? Maybe. Depends 00:20:14.160 --> 00:20:18.740 on who you ask. If you would ask, well, looking 00:20:18.740 --> 00:20:23.140 back at it, maybe not. But in real time, that 00:20:23.140 --> 00:20:27.160 is the option. Because It is impossible to filter 00:20:27.160 --> 00:20:31.339 out all of this excessive noise coming up through 00:20:31.339 --> 00:20:35.579 here and overwhelming the brain. Overwhelming 00:20:35.579 --> 00:20:39.440 the thalamus. And that is listening dissonance. 00:20:39.980 --> 00:20:43.119 This is a bad thing and it's uncontrollable. 00:20:44.519 --> 00:20:47.220 This is why people will wear the noise canceling 00:20:47.220 --> 00:20:51.799 headphones now. And they're screaming kids. And 00:20:51.799 --> 00:20:54.819 they're just overwhelmed. Even adults. even like 00:20:54.819 --> 00:20:58.859 family gatherings it's like gone that's the option 00:20:58.859 --> 00:21:03.039 is gone because you can't control it remember 00:21:03.039 --> 00:21:06.359 i i say in the podcast episode sometimes said 00:21:06.359 --> 00:21:16.160 1960s Beatles like 1967 and 1968 Beatles Sgt 00:21:16.160 --> 00:21:19.579 Pepper's album right here white album right here 00:21:19.769 --> 00:21:23.089 they started to experience or experiment with 00:21:23.089 --> 00:21:26.029 different noises different instruments that make 00:21:26.029 --> 00:21:31.250 noises and things just around the recording studio 00:21:31.250 --> 00:21:33.369 they just started to make noise with them and 00:21:33.369 --> 00:21:35.890 blend them together at the ends of songs and 00:21:35.890 --> 00:21:39.690 the songs would just carry on with all this orchestrated 00:21:39.690 --> 00:21:42.630 bizarre music blends and that's what it sounds 00:21:42.630 --> 00:21:44.529 like that's what it sounds like in real time 00:21:44.529 --> 00:21:48.079 whenever you're out And it's getting loud. You 00:21:48.079 --> 00:21:51.180 can't discriminate the sources of the sounds. 00:21:51.700 --> 00:21:56.119 You can't. Even if they're lower volume sounds, 00:21:56.240 --> 00:21:59.519 but they're multiple. Multiple sources of sounds. 00:21:59.880 --> 00:22:02.779 That will hijack these areas as well. Because 00:22:02.779 --> 00:22:05.559 at first, you can pay attention. You can pay 00:22:05.559 --> 00:22:07.759 attention to the different sources of sounds 00:22:07.759 --> 00:22:12.039 coming in. Almost like you can follow along with 00:22:12.039 --> 00:22:15.440 different, maybe, conversations. But then... 00:22:15.420 --> 00:22:18.720 all of a sudden it comes so fast let me tell 00:22:18.720 --> 00:22:21.000 you it comes so fast these things will just split 00:22:21.000 --> 00:22:25.420 in and these areas right here will just hijack 00:22:25.420 --> 00:22:29.640 you and there's no more dorsolateral prefrontal 00:22:29.640 --> 00:22:33.200 cortex or the medial prefrontal cortex the acc 00:22:33.200 --> 00:22:41.180 cannot make sense of it so you go and this brings 00:22:41.180 --> 00:22:46.130 me to what i want to say most It's not uncommon 00:22:46.130 --> 00:22:50.650 that the autistic phenotype children are overwhelmed 00:22:50.650 --> 00:22:54.250 and they leave and they're found in bodies of 00:22:54.250 --> 00:23:03.769 water. Drowned. It's every week. Whenever the 00:23:03.769 --> 00:23:07.529 autistic phenotype is becoming like this, the 00:23:07.529 --> 00:23:11.450 worst thing you can do is talk to them. Why are 00:23:11.450 --> 00:23:13.690 you sitting there just keep talking to them? 00:23:13.740 --> 00:23:15.380 Well, what's the matter? What's the matter? What 00:23:15.380 --> 00:23:19.440 do you need? What do you need? Well... I can't 00:23:19.440 --> 00:23:26.500 even... I can't even understand it. People that 00:23:26.500 --> 00:23:30.200 are involved in autism, even different types 00:23:30.200 --> 00:23:32.880 of educators or people that's trying to provide 00:23:32.880 --> 00:23:35.240 them therapy and so forth, they don't understand 00:23:35.240 --> 00:23:38.920 the autistic phenotype. I don't understand it. 00:23:41.480 --> 00:23:44.440 Listening to Sonitz, this... Episode will be 00:23:44.440 --> 00:23:48.420 out next week and this will just help maybe follow 00:23:48.420 --> 00:23:51.140 along with it. We didn't talk much about the 00:23:51.140 --> 00:23:53.779 auditory cortex, but I don't necessarily want 00:23:53.779 --> 00:23:56.160 to now, but that's where perceptions happen.