Welcome to From the Spectrum podcast. This is
a podcast about autism. It is my goal to explain
what is autism. I plan to use a mixture of scientific
literature, personal experience, and opinion.
With opinion, I will explain why I feel the way
I do and give examples. I will provide links
to various references for each episode. For each
episode, we will discuss various aspects of autism.
For today's episode, we will cover mitochondria.
The mitochondria, which is plural, mitochondrion,
singular, are vast for living organisms. Often
mitochondria are considered the powerhouse of
the cell. We've covered light, water, and magnetism
as the central foundation of life, including
human life. Today we will have more understanding
of these three critical components in our living
organism. Today's episode is an introduction
because mitochondria is very critical in this
discussion and we cannot cover everything. We
will prepare for a future episode featuring an
expert, an MD, and a PhD in biophysics to explain
the roles of autism and mitochondria. If you
go to PubMed, and type in just a broad search
of mitochondria into the PubMed's search engine.
You will see recently, over the last one to two
decades, the number of publishings on mitochondria
have a vast and sharp increase. The understanding
of mitochondria is becoming more apparent. The
roles in human biology and health versus senescence
and death is becoming more recognized. What we
will talk about are not topics that help our
life. They are topics in our biology that gives
us life. Most cells have mitochondria. All cells
except red blood cells and two types of cells
from the autism and gastrointestinal episodes.
bacteria, and archaea. Red blood cells use deuterium
water, and you will find out mitochondria's role
of producing water. Mitochondria needs a different
type of water than blood or hemoglobin. Red blood
cells use hemoglobin, which allows optimal oxygen
transportation. You will soon find out oxygen
and the mitochondria is delicate. Bacteria and
archaea, their absence of mitochondria is because
those are prokaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells
are less complex, and then eukaryotic cells are
more complex. All the organelles within a cell
nucleus, including mitochondria, it's believed
that everything in the cell nucleus was once
independent or separate from each other. And
the collection of these different organelles
coming together in the cell nucleus gives rise
to more complex living organisms, to more complex
life. In the prokaryotic bacteria and archaea,
it shares a cytochrome C oxidase. with eukaryotic
mitochondria cells. In eukaryotic cells that
more complex cell nucleus in mitochondria, cytochrome
C oxidase is the fourth of five cytochromes.
We've talked about humans use photosynthesis.
This is here. And crucial parts of hemoglobin
and mitochondria. Hemoglobin and chlorophyll
are nearly the same, except hemoglobin uses iron.
Chlorophyll uses magnesium. Iron will be a critical
part for today. Iron in both blood and the mitochondria
have magnetic properties. This is a heme sometimes
called hemoprotein. These are molecules containing
iron. which binds to oxygen. Remember the magnetic
part of the story. HEMES store and transport
globins. Hence, hemoglobin conserves energy,
our area for today. Photosynthesis and respiratory
cytochromes, which will be most of our conversation,
is also a catalyst, meaning starting or accelerating,
and hemes since changes in redox states. So more
involvement with oxygen. So a brief recap. The
elements that we will discuss. It's energy, oxygen,
water, proteins, ions, both negative ions, which
are electrons, and positive ions, which are protons.
and the electromagnetic fields. Light is a driving
force. Light, or a lack of light depending on
the cellular state and function. Meaning, if
the cell is active and functioning and healthy,
it's receiving optimal light, optimal electromagnetic
fields. If the cell is lacking, lacking energy,
or cell death even, it is neglected from these
energy properties. The powerhouse of the cell,
the mitochondria, and cellular respiration. There
are three components that we will spend most
of the time on. These are all energy producing
paths. One is glycolysis. Two is citric acid
cycle, or sometimes called TCA cycle, or even
Krebs cycle. This is briefly mentioned in Cause
of Autism episode. Hans Krebs, the Nobel winner,
this was mentioned around minute 16 of the Cause
of Autism episode. Also, Albert St. Georges,
another Nobel winner, has critical roles here
with that the protein discovering the semi -conduction.
Essentially what we're talking about, with all
of those ingredients mentioned earlier, those
elements, we are creating semi -conductive properties.
And the third component of the cellular respiration
is oxidative phosphorylation. This will include
the electron transport chain, also briefly mentioned
in previous episodes. the ATPase and chemiosmosis
or the movement of ions across membranes and
across the gradient. First is glycolysis. This
is glucose metabolism that creates two molecules
of pyruvate. You probably know glucose is released
for energy. This is where it takes action. This
is the cell's cytoplasm. The goal is to break
down glucose and use a transporter to enter the
mitochondria. Glucose binds to insulin and there
is a straw -like feature for a transporter which
allows the glucose to enter. Pyruvate kinase
isoform M2 or PKM2 is labeled metabolic budgeting
system. This is a factor in autistic biology.
Pyruvate has ATP and NADH outputs. ATP is adenosine
triphosphate, which transfers energy. This is
what we are trying to achieve in cellular respiration.
The NADH carries electrons. With oxygen and pyruvate,
acetyl coenzyme A, sometimes shown as acetyl
COA, is created in the citric acid. The TCA cycle
needs it. It needs it. The citric acid cycle.
This occurs in the mitochondria matrix and is
central. driver for cellular respiration. The
cycle is used to release stored energy from oxidation
of acetyl coenzyme A, which is derived from carbohydrates
and fats or protein into carbon dioxide and chemical
energy of ATP. It also produces NADH and FADH2.
These are coenzymes. FADH2 is a cofactor. These
are required for metabolism. FADH2 and NADH are
catabolism, which breaks down complex molecules,
which we've discussed into simpler forms. Simpler
molecules. then mechanisms can use these simple
forms for energy. This is life. This is upstream
metabolism. NADH and FADH2, the electron carriers,
are crucial. We will cover all five of the cytochromes
in the electron transport chain and the ATPase
momentarily. Both glycolysis and the citric acid
cycle uses NAD +, breaking it down to NADH. Glycolysis
and the citric acid cycle, which has many components,
moving parts, they are like conveyor belts, feeding
into the cytochromes in the electron transport
chain. Now, oxidative phosphorylation. This is
where the magic happens. But without glycolysis
and without the citric acid, oxidative phosphorylation
suffers. This is the final stage of cellular
respiration. This includes the electron transport
chain and ATP synthase and chemiosmosis, ATP
generated in one of these two metabolic pathways,
glycolysis and or oxidative phosphorylation.
We've discussed, just briefly, the electron transport
chain and the cytochromes involved. Cytochromes
are chromophores. In other words, these are a
unique type of protein. This translates into
color and carriers of. Chromophores, I'll say
again, translates into color and carriers of.
It means they absorb specific wavelength of light.
And you know the position on the cause of autism
and all of the chronic diseases that are just
downstream of essentially everything we're talking
about today. Today's conversation will take us
essentially as far upstream in human functioning,
human metabolism, and biological sequencing as
we can go. Cytochrome 1, or sometimes called
abicuinon, the products of glycolysis are oxidized
here. transferring two electrons from NADH to
FMN or flavin. You might have heard of flavin
products, such as green tea or supplemental form.
The electrons are then used in CoQ10. You might
have even heard about this or seen it on your
supplement aisle in your supplement store or
grocery store. CoQ10 is a coenzyme, and these
are lipophilic. In its reduced form, ubiquinol,
also in cytochrome 1, are eight iron sulfur clusters.
So here we are with the iron. Remember the magnetic
field and hydrogen. Hydrogen and electrons are
produced. They are broken down from these separate
processes and produced here. Then we move to
cytochrome 2. This uses electrons from succunate
in the citric acid cycle. And we are passing
electrons down the path using iron sulfur clusters
and CoQ10 to cytochrome 3. Succunate is a catalyst.
of the oxidative process being fed to cytochrome
3, which will turn these products into water.
Essentially, we are making water and ATP. You
might have heard of ROS, reactive oxidative stress.
This is cytochrome 3. This process that we're
working up to will take oxygen and create water.
The whole purpose of breaking these molecules
down into smaller molecules is this. Cytochrome
3 is called cytochrome C reductase. Heme proteins
and iron sulfur clusters are used. Heme groups
alternate between ferrous and ferric. Proton
gradients begin to add up. A two -step Q cycle
is used. to move into cytochrome C oxidase. This
is a transfer and breaking down of processes
or elements, because cytochrome C can only accept
a single electron at one time. So this occurs
in two steps. The cytochrome 3 also releases
the four protons. And just a special note about
the hydrogen, too. Hydrogen is building up and
is necessary. So we are processing different
elements, different molecules I should say, into
the matrix and the intermembrane. And this brings
us to maybe the most underrated or not appreciated
process in the whole mitochondria. And that's
the creation of water. Now, I ran through the
first processes to get to this point. fairly
quickly, and I did not highlight the elements
or the molecules that's being produced, the amount
of them, and essentially I didn't mention the
reasons. However, we are here for these reasons
right now. One is to get to cytochrome C oxidase
as fast as possible. And two, there are obviously
lots of molecules and atomic processes going
on here. I want to be mindful of the podcast.
I want to be mindful of the information regarding
autism. Because you might think, we haven't even
talked about autism. However, I would hold off
on that thought. So cytochrome C oxidase. Remember,
this has four red light chromophores from the
Cause of Autism episode, from 620 to 860 nanometer
light. This process creates water. The electrons
we've been transferring and creating, and the
oxygen that's being created into water. Light.
Remember the light story, the whole purpose of
this topic. Light charge separates water. Water
equals H plus the hydrogen and oxygen and two
electrons. So how does light create more water?
We've established light is electromagnetic. Understand
it? We've established autism is a light story.
Low electrons, low melanin is a modern human
phenomena. Also, we've established isolated light,
especially blue light, dehydrates cells. Well,
this is it. This is where the damage is in the
lipid rafts of the process of exchanging these
molecules from smaller... molecules and transferring
them down the process. And here is a big takeaway,
because we've now explained the creation of water
in the mitochondria. Not all water is equal.
It changes its physics based on the environment
it's in. Mitochondria is the reverse process
of photosynthesis. Instead of producing oxygen
and sugar like the photosynthesis of a plant,
the mitochondria produces carbon dioxide and
water. This water is an electromagnetic capacitor.
It is a battery. An old car battery uses this
process. A key note here is water is a dipole.
meaning the electrons as negative charges and
protons as positive charges. You know that we
are creating electrons and protons which are
crucial ingredients to this process. Now you
can understand that the iron and some oxygen
and water, the magnetic properties of these elements
are crucial. In addition, water is paradoxity,
meaning it is very responsible for the clock
timing mechanisms occurring within this mitochondrial
matrix. Our clock -timed mechanisms are crucial,
and that begins in the SCN. We've discussed the
SCN. How and when are all of these elements and
these biological ingredients functioning? are
pretty cool. And another note about the water
here in the mitochondria and just water in general.
Water is very heat tolerant and we want our mitochondria
to be this heat and dissipative structure. We
want massive amounts of energy and production
here. Mother Nature chose water. It uses water
accurately here. It's by design. Water, with
heat tolerant, it can endure so much and be very
reliable. And also remember melanin from the
Cause of Autism episode, how melanin is also
very enduring and can absorb all frequency as
a light. The light, which is, you know, a vast
component of this story, and also with the melanin.
being that neuroprotective. We've discussed that
neuroprotective role here. It keeps this process
functioning. Different light has different effects
on water, has different effects on our electron
transport chain. Light has different effects
on the glucose getting to the cytoplasm released
from the organs. Light Remember the POMC story.
Remember now that we've discussed glycolysis,
and remember the previous conversations about
POMC, PRO, opioid, melanocortin, and how cortisol
and alpha -melanocyte stimulating hormones, the
melanin, found throughout the body, on the surface
and deep inside of us, in tissues and organs,
are implicated from the light source. Melanin
here is a different story. Melanin and light
takes the water and is the semi -conductive properties.
It uses this in a dissipative structure. In other
words, it is a method of creating more energy.
And remember the palm sea and how insulin It's
generated from here, from CLIP, C -L -I -P. If
glucose is affected and insulin sensitivity is
infected, the process getting to the mitochondria
for glycolysis are implicated. Remember the blue
light, our modern light now, about 440 to 480
nanometer light. That's modern LED, and tech
light. Most, nearly all, of the light exposure
humans get now falls within this range. And this
dehydrates cells. Now maybe you can understand
why. We've talked about cytochrome c -oxidase.
These dehydrated cells, the implications to water
production from cytochrome c -oxidase. will cause
heteroplasma, which is a decrease of water. And
this is where disease manifests in the body.
This is lower dissipative ability, meaning as
we age, water production drops. Okay, so there's
an understanding that humans are roughly 70 %
water or so. I don't know what the paradigm suggests,
but at birth, we are about 80 % water. And that
is shown to be we decrease water about 10 % every
decade. Now, Doug Wallace is a good source of
this, and so is Jack Cruz. As we age and reduce
our water production, we need to increase the
electrons getting to the mitochondria level.
to produce more water. We have to supplement
our aging and the decrease of electrons with
proper, that's key here, proper electromagnetic
fields. The melanin story, which is frequently
discussed or mentioned at least throughout the
several episodes of the podcast, this is underrated
here too. Melanin charge separates water like
No other element or molecule in the human body.
And lastly, on the cytochrome c -oxidase for
now. I mentioned there are four red light chromophores
in this one protein. Why are there four red light
chromophores in cytochrome c -oxidase? Why and
how are humans using this? Especially especially
with our modern light. Based on some information
from a decentralized neurosurgeon, he has over
10 ,000 surgeries in his career. He suggests
that the red light chromophores and cytochrome
C oxidase, where water is produced, links the
entire mitochondrial matrix. including the protein
metabolism, the TCA cycle glycolysis, and the
red light chromophore. Red light is what spins
the FO head and ATP synthase, which is the fifth
and final cytochrome. Now you can understand,
maybe you can kind of attach the rates of autism
follows almost identically with the sources of
light. One, the timing of artificial light that
we are under, beginning back in the 1930s with
the incandescent type, all the way up through
the LED production and the shift to LED and now
technology. Technology follows essentially every
single human being, especially around the ages
of six to eight. I guess maybe closer to 8 to
10. People are getting cell phones now. And autism
is a generational issue. With this light exposure,
people's water production are decreasing. And
our melanin inside of us is decreasing. This
is why light and melanin are the key candidates
for the cause of autism the light exposure follows
identically the rates of autism and second thing
we need to consider is that power source the
sun spectra at 280 to 3100 nanometers our biology
is missing those components okay so we make water
And now let's get to the cytochrome 5, which
is ATP synthase, ATPase. The hydrogen charge
separated in cytochrome C oxidase to produce
water. That charge separation are protons. The
protons are H plus ions, positive charged ions.
This is hydrogen. On the ATPase is an FO head.
FO is a proton channel. In ATPase, the head spins
9 ,000 to 12 ,000 times per second. And every
three or four spins creates one ATP. OK, so here's
some more magnetic properties here. The FO head.
With that spinning, that rapid spinning creates
a magnetic field. This is a quantum nano rotary
engine that works on red light. Where are modern
humans getting red light? Remember the rant just
a couple of minutes ago? The sun is 43 to 47
percent red, but it requires humans to spend
time under it. And remember our photosynthesis.
Okay, so why the red light? You remember from
the Cause of Autism episode, and probably some
other episodes, that red light penetrates the
body deeper than any other specter of light,
including bones. Red light penetrates bones.
And we remember the antioxidant effect here with
the with the cancer treatment. Red light is very
powerful against carcinoma and tumors. And that
is shown in many, many articles in PubMed. In
addition, what people might fail to understand
is, our mitochondria is where 95 % of our melatonin
is generated. Melatonin is a light hormone. that
works at night, the absence of light. And this
is our number one antioxidant. So this is all
from longer wavelength of light on one side of
the sun's spectra. But also, you can kind of
come together here and understand that this is
more and more of the light story. Light, water,
magnetism, with the light story. It doesn't just
include those longer wavelengths of light. Vitamin
D receptors are involved. OK, so more sun. This
is UVB. Remember the biosynthesis discussed in
autism and gastrointestinal problems. It goes
the biosynthesis. It goes pre -vitamin D2 and
D3 is 260 nanometer light. Tachysterol. The next
process is 280 nanometer light. And then provitamin
D3 is 293 nanometer light. And then we get to
vitamin D. The full synthesis of vitamin D is
312 nanometer light. The VDR blocks electron
transport chain. But that's OK here. That just
means we don't need to eat as much when we are
outside. If you've ever noticed that maybe you
don't eat as much whenever you're outside in
the sun, that's because that glucose used during
glycolysis is kind of supplemented here with
the VDR receptors. Our photobiomodulation and
the mitochondria as dissipative structures in
the sense of nonlinear optics used in human biology.
Healthy human biology is built -in mechanism
to create energy, and we do this. We've discussed
palm seed and that release of cortisol, and that
coincides with glucose. This is what it's all
about. We evolved under the sun in its natural
electromagnetic fields. We've taken the electrons
from the sun and used it for energy production
inside of us, inside the so -called powerhouse
of the cell. Modern humans and all of our chronic
diseases are electron deficient. Most ATP from
the cell happens from sun on cytochrome C oxidase.
and ATPase from infrared and UV on VDR receptors.
Now, you can begin to understand the obesity
epidemic. Now, you can understand type 2 diabetes.
Remember, we've mentioned the insulin sensitivity
and the release of glucose. and metabolizing
all of this energy production. Obesity is a cause
of people losing energy to the environment. It's
not all cases of calories in versus calories
out, food intake, and the lack of movement and
exercise. Now, the lack of movement and exercise
could be explained here too because people don't
have energy because they're not They're not producing
water. For the autism story, now you can even
understand the roles of autism and metabolism,
and autism and inflammation. Cells and our biology
are not adapted to our new environments. Are
you understanding this? We are adapting, but
these are not healthy adaptations. Autism is
neuroplasticity to our light and energy change.
Research and people's beliefs are in the wrong
place. There are all of these autism and XYZ.
I am tired of autism and XYZ. I am tired, quite
frankly, of autism and allergies or autism and
eczema. or autism and gastrointestinal problems,
autism and dyspraxia. Autism has a higher rate
of higher chance of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
On that note, you ought to be able to understand
a little bit better now the role of light and
these rapid cognitive declines that we are now
seeing. And I've said, Alzheimer's is a reverse
process. of autism. Hopefully, you can kind of
make sense of this. Now, as we discussed, the
cell metabolism, the way that the cell is functioning,
the powerhouse. With autism, you know the problems
exist on the cellular level and the synaptic
level. The cellular level here is explained.
This is why cells aren't developing. Also to
note that remember, our genes respond to the
environment. In other words, our environmental
signals informs the genes how to respond. The
environmental signals are the cues for DNA sequencing.
And guess what? In the cell nucleus, the organelle
of DNA sequencing and mitochondria are closely
related. Genetic studies receives much attention.
There's a lot of money thrown at. GWAS studies
this genome sequencing and genome -wide understanding.
And with autism, there are over 100 so -called
risk genes. Now, what this is saying is there
are many complicated factors here. There are
many genes involved that might cause autism or
might not cause autism. Just because you have
duplications or deletions, copy number variants
and so forth of this gene, well, it might mean
autism. In my opinion, autism research, because
of the amount of funding and attention thrown
at it but the genes has reached a dead end and
at the dead end it takes bulldozers and just
kind of barrels through trying to find some sort
of hidden treasure and this is all wrong the
genes of humans the DNA is vastly different than
the mitochondria genes mitochondria has its own
DNA and there are only 37 total for mitochondria
now this is a huge difference and with everything
we've just discussed you ought to understand
that huh mitochondria is very important to the
cell health to our life not only is it just 37
genes but the cytochromes the powerhouses this
source of energy processing these electrons and
protons and creating water and creating ATP.
There are only 13 DNA responsible of the mitochondria
for this function. This meaning 13 genes that
we can study to really find out some more information
about. What is autism? If you're listening to
the podcast or listening to the episode, please
feel free to leave a review or rating. In podcasting,
reviews, ratings, and downloads are crucial,
and I very much appreciate your feedback. You
can contact me on X at RPS 47586. We can have
discussions about autism, and especially the
cause of autism. these atomic molecular levels,
you can email me info .fromthespectrumatgmail
.com. And thank you for listening to From the
Spectrum Podcast.