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How's it going, everybody?

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Hey!

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It's been a while.

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It's been a while.

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Sorry about that.

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That's okay.

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We've been running all over the place, and you have too.

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Yes, you a little bit more than me, though.

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Yeah, no, absolutely.

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It's been crazy.

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So the church that I work for does sabbaticals, which I got to admit, my father was a pastor,

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and I was like, I don't remember him ever taking a sabbatical, but I do remember him

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going to conferences and stuff like that.

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Maybe it's something that I just forgot.

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So I asked him, like, hey, when you did a sabbatical, how did that go?

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What did you make sure and do, or how did you approach it?

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And he looked at me squealing, and I think I never had a sabbatical.

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So over 40 years of—close to 50 years of ministry total, or being a paid minister total,

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and never had a sabbatical.

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That's crazy.

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Yeah, it is a blessing.

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It is something that I feel like a lot of churches and ministries are trying to get

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back to, and understanding that people are on call in a different way than ever they

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have been before, which I got to see that a little bit.

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My father was a pastor, or I remember my father being a pastor, when cell phones, or mobile

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phones—I won't even call them cell phones—mobile phones first started making their appearance.

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And the idea that Dad was reachable all the time just—I mean, it was crazy.

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I do remember when we used to have dinner, and we would turn the ringer off on the phone

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because we were having dinner together.

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That doesn't happen anymore.

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No, there's always a ringer on, or somebody's vibrating.

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Anyway, so it's kind of a different thing, and I'm grateful for it.

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I think that other industries should look at sabbaticals as a benefit.

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Absolutely.

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Yeah, it's a way to keep your people going and not burning out.

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Our current model is that during your fifth year—so like after four years, during your

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fifth year, you take a sabbatical, and it's a different number of weeks based on different

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amounts of responsibility and stuff like that, but you take a sabbatical during your fifth

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year.

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And so it's kind of weird because you're always counting by five, but it's not every four

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years and then you get a sabbatical.

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It's every five years, but it's during the fifth year.

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So it's strange, kind of the way that you have to do some limbo there.

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All the math people are like, that's not weird.

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Don't make it weird.

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Like, it's fine, but there's a bunch of non-math people and they're like, I don't even know

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how I would do that.

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That seems like magic talk.

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So do you have to take it before the fifth year is technically up?

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That's what you're supposed to do.

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Paul didn't take his first sabbatical until his eighth or ninth year, and then he had

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one coming up.

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I think he's supposed to take one this year to kind of make up for how far behind he is.

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But he's been here for over 10 years.

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So that's not good.

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You don't want to stack them like that.

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I don't think that's how everybody should work.

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The point is to take breaks earlier so that you don't burn out.

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And it helps you refocus what you're doing and why you're doing it.

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And it helps, especially if there's something that you're wanting to learn.

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You know how continuing.

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So there's re-upping certifications.

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That is a common thing amongst a bunch of different careers and stuff like that.

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And re-upping certifications can be difficult while you're working, but you still kind of

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get it done.

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That kind of thing can be.

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You can use your sabbatical for things like that.

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But it's more like there's this new thing that you want to figure out or this new thing

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that is going to take like you've got to really turn your brain around for it.

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A lot of that is really helpful.

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I've seen pastors use it to write books, which I feel like you would need a lot more time

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than what we even give for that.

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But some people are just gifted that way.

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Anyway, there's a bunch of different ways to do it.

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But I feel like sabbaticals, kind of taking a break from your normal schedule at work,

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your normal responsibilities at work, and either resting because it's just been hectic.

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That's what mine was.

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Mine was a lot of rest.

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I was kind of recounting since my last sabbatical in 2019, everything that has happened.

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Can we just stop there for a minute?

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Like, oh my gosh, like the entire world has changed and especially what we do.

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So yeah, it a lot like 2001.

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Now it feels like, I guess, definitely 2000 was where I'm trying to go with this.

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2019 feels like the last year before the world went mad.

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Yeah.

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Yeah.

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And I was having like, that's when my voice stuff started was in 2019.

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So things were starting to change in 2019.

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But I wasn't really sure what was going to happen there.

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I remember coming back from my sabbatical in 2019 and being like, yeah, no, I feel good

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about being a worship pastor and blah, blah, blah, blah, blah.

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And within a year, I was like, what is even going on?

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Yeah.

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And there's so much to do.

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And oh my gosh, my voice isn't going to make it.

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Like anyway, it was a, that was a tough 12 months, summer of 2019 to summer of 2020.

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And then it just kind of never got back on the rails after that.

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It's kind of what it feels like.

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Anyway, all that to say mine was primarily focused on rest, primarily focused on recapturing

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what the goals are, what the, what are they keeping the main thing, the main thing, the

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main thing, the main thing.

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And I've been listening to a lot of Jamie Winship.

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Those of you that don't know Jamie Winship, he's got a really cool story in general, but

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he talks a lot about being founded in having your identity based in the truth instead of

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other things.

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And I think, I think that's relatable to a lot of people no matter what, but absolutely

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super, super relatable to people in the church, I think on a regular basis, we're kind of

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having to ask that question anyway.

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Okay, so then I guess asking, was there one particular thing that you were studying in

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this, kind of like you were saying a lot of time you take sabbatical to focus on something

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in particular, was there one thing or was this literally just take time, rest, enjoy

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time with family and regroup?

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Yeah, my instructions from my bosses were make sure like you, your only like goal that

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you're coming back to us with is rest.

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So like that was primary.

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But what I was focused on was identity stuff was reading books that were related to anxiety

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and not, you know, letting worry and anxiety be the controller and not getting off with,

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again, another concept that we've heard over and over again, but Jamie Winship has talked

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about it as well is the difference between a scarcity mindset and an abundance mindset.

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And how if we live in a scarcity mindset, which like everyone does, I'm getting super

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se on these sibilances.

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Sorry about that.

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But if you if you live in a scarcity mindset, if your if your brain is in that worldview,

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then then really, you've got to protect what you have.

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And keep trying to like your every problem that you face is because you don't have enough

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of one thing or another.

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And so you got to you got to fight for that.

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And, you know, take somebody out for that really, because there's not enough for everybody.

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So I've got to make sure that I live and you die.

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I mean, you know, like, yes, to take it to its, you know, logical ends or whatever, we

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don't we don't talk like that in civilized world, but we're all kind of thinking that

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like if if if you win, I lose.

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And an abundance mindset is there's enough there is enough for everyone in all of these

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different situations.

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And we have to figure out how to live with that mentality and the like, oh, no, like,

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it really like we have enough oxygen to breathe, everybody is breathing and we're fine.

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It's not every time you take a breath, I am struggling now to breathe, to breathe.

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Like, no, that's not that's not the case.

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So we've got to kind of come back from that and stop trying to accumulate so much in order

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for us to be safe.

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I think that's yes, there's there's a lot more to it.

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But like anxiety kind of is fed by that scarcity mindset.

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Yeah.

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Anyway.

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OK, thanks for sharing.

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Appreciate it.

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I'm glad you got the time off.

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That's that's awesome.

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To share a little bit of my time off, we had our 20th wedding anniversary, 20th wedding

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anniversary.

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Yeah, I hear there it is.

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No, I don't know what any of these are.

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Don't worry, folks, we'll fix it in post.

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Yeah, there it is.

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So yeah, it's crazy to think that Michelle and I have been married for 20 years.

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Nice.

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Such a crazy thing because it feels like it just all kicked off.

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So yeah, got to celebrate that and my birthday on the cruise on the cruise.

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Yeah.

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So for those who haven't been on a cruise, you think you're laying low.

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They know it's your birthday.

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They know it's your birthday and they will find you.

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I'm sure that's exactly what you were going for, man.

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No, no, no, no, no, no.

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We're having nice private dinner, you know, just good time and thinking it's over.

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And I could see the look in my wife's eyes of oh, no, no.

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And she's and she just barely gets it out.

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She's like, I didn't do it.

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And sure enough, that's a wife that knows you.

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Yeah.

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Here comes these three lovely ladies with my dessert with a single candle in it.

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And start singing Happy Birthday.

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I was like, oh, but they didn't put you on a saddle or make you wear a sombrero.

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No, they didn't.

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Okay.

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That's nice.

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So none of that.

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But did anybody jump out of the cake?

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That would have been a little person.

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So but that was good to take that time off.

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I know we kind of talked a little bit before this of what it how refreshing it is.

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If you can do this when you take time off to just turn off the phone, disconnect from

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technology, that was that was really, really sweet.

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If anybody else can do that, I highly encourage it.

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Because then you come back and then your phone turns back on and you're like, oh, yeah, there's

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the rest of the world out there.

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Yeah.

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So but it was good.

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I got fussed out a few times over my break for checking emails and stuff like that.

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And I was like, I wasn't really responding to emails.

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I was just making sure there wasn't anything I was going to be blindsided by whenever I

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got back to work.

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Because it's I mean, it's a real thing.

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Oh, yeah.

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Oh, yeah.

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Yeah.

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You come back and you see that number of unread messages into when you were just talking about

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anxiety, some of that starts to creep in and you're like, why are there so many emails?

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So very cool.

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What are you drinking?

201
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I have a new Trappist beer Rochefort number 10.

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It is a Belgian ale, supporting the people.

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That's right.

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We need the monks.

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We need the monks.

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Yes.

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Give the monks the money said I get the beer and they get to help all the people.

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I am once again drinking a Shiner Bach.

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They're not monks, but they are doing God's work.

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They are doing God's work.

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We do appreciate them.

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Yes.

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So, you know, I mean, you had to bring a bottle opener and everything for that.

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That is legit.

215
00:13:31,440 --> 00:13:33,680
I confirmed it's not a twist top.

216
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Nice.

217
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Cheers.

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Tink.

219
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Yeah, right.

220
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Tink.

221
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Oh, bless it.

222
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Okay, so Shiner has I like their like there's this is their normal one.

223
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They've got the black Shiner.

224
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That's really good.

225
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Yeah.

226
00:13:56,240 --> 00:13:58,320
And then they've got a new I don't know if it's new.

227
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It's the first time I've had it but it's that it's like a Mexican beer.

228
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I forget what they call it though.

229
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It's pretty good with lime, I guess or I know they've got one that's sea salt and lime.

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Okay.

231
00:14:12,600 --> 00:14:17,720
And that one's kind of like if you're if you're if you just get done mowing your lawn, that's

232
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a good one for that.

233
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Okay.

234
00:14:20,360 --> 00:14:27,160
But this is like a like more like a dose keys more like a okay, not a corona.

235
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But you know, okay.

236
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Maybe the especially I've never had all the coronas that they have.

237
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So I do have an honorable mention for a beer.

238
00:14:38,400 --> 00:14:39,400
Yes.

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When we were in Belize, okay, we stopped and I tried the now it's probably like Foster's

240
00:14:47,880 --> 00:14:54,040
in Australia, but they claim that this was the beer of the Belize people.

241
00:14:54,040 --> 00:14:55,840
And so I had to have some.

242
00:14:55,840 --> 00:15:03,400
It was remarkably smooth, very little aftertaste that some beers have.

243
00:15:03,400 --> 00:15:04,400
Yeah.

244
00:15:04,400 --> 00:15:12,800
It was more of a I guess almost like a blonde, which I'm not normally a fan of myself.

245
00:15:12,800 --> 00:15:14,680
I like my dark beers.

246
00:15:14,680 --> 00:15:16,840
But this was really, really good.

247
00:15:16,840 --> 00:15:18,560
Like a blonde that has flavor though.

248
00:15:18,560 --> 00:15:25,400
Yes, because some blondes like okay, so there's there's a there's a Dominican Republic beer.

249
00:15:25,400 --> 00:15:29,360
Okay, that I've been told about it's called El Presidente or something like that.

250
00:15:29,360 --> 00:15:30,680
It's the president's beer.

251
00:15:30,680 --> 00:15:31,680
Okay, right.

252
00:15:31,680 --> 00:15:33,200
It is regulated by the government.

253
00:15:33,200 --> 00:15:35,780
Wow, in terms of like there's rules.

254
00:15:35,780 --> 00:15:39,320
The rule is it has to be served at a certain temperature.

255
00:15:39,320 --> 00:15:45,360
So like all the Presidente is in the country, like their refrigerators have to have the

256
00:15:45,360 --> 00:15:47,920
control the thermostat like visible on them.

257
00:15:47,920 --> 00:15:51,480
So you make sure that they're but it's really cold.

258
00:15:51,480 --> 00:15:56,640
I know one advice chips, you know why they got to have it really cold because when something's

259
00:15:56,640 --> 00:16:01,880
really cold, you can't really taste it as much.

260
00:16:01,880 --> 00:16:05,600
Maybe that's why Nati light tastes so good when it's coming out of a frozen cake.

261
00:16:05,600 --> 00:16:07,960
That's exactly why Nati light tastes good.

262
00:16:07,960 --> 00:16:10,960
That's the only reason Nati light would ever taste good.

263
00:16:10,960 --> 00:16:11,960
Yes.

264
00:16:11,960 --> 00:16:12,960
Golly.

265
00:16:12,960 --> 00:16:13,960
Yes.

266
00:16:13,960 --> 00:16:19,960
Anyway, well, I guess the end of that story and why I prefaced it with maybe it's kind

267
00:16:19,960 --> 00:16:26,840
of like fosters for Australians is you get done and you realize that the beer is actually

268
00:16:26,840 --> 00:16:33,120
being produced and bottled by the local Coca Cola company in Belize.

269
00:16:33,120 --> 00:16:34,120
Nice.

270
00:16:34,120 --> 00:16:35,120
Well done.

271
00:16:35,120 --> 00:16:40,160
So I probably got tricked into drinking the beer that they love to sell to tourists, whatever,

272
00:16:40,160 --> 00:16:41,320
but you got to try it.

273
00:16:41,320 --> 00:16:43,400
It's not like you know, yeah, it was great.

274
00:16:43,400 --> 00:16:44,400
I enjoyed it.

275
00:16:44,400 --> 00:16:51,440
What was funny was the beer that was everywhere in Jamaica when Laurie and I went to Jamaica

276
00:16:51,440 --> 00:16:52,440
was PBR.

277
00:16:52,440 --> 00:16:57,360
And you're like, wait a minute.

278
00:16:57,360 --> 00:16:58,360
PBR and Red Stripe.

279
00:16:58,360 --> 00:16:59,360
I mean Red Stripe makes sense.

280
00:16:59,360 --> 00:17:00,360
Red Stripe I would expect.

281
00:17:00,360 --> 00:17:01,360
But PBR was everywhere.

282
00:17:01,360 --> 00:17:04,360
I was like, what is going on?

283
00:17:04,360 --> 00:17:07,360
Pat's blue ribbon.

284
00:17:07,360 --> 00:17:09,000
Anyway.

285
00:17:09,000 --> 00:17:10,400
Yep.

286
00:17:10,400 --> 00:17:11,400
Okay.

287
00:17:11,400 --> 00:17:18,800
So real quick, we're going to what we're mainly going to talk about is the I mean, should

288
00:17:18,800 --> 00:17:23,160
we just talk about the routers and switches and stuff?

289
00:17:23,160 --> 00:17:27,880
Because I feel like we spend too much time in any other direction and we're going to

290
00:17:27,880 --> 00:17:28,880
be.

291
00:17:28,880 --> 00:17:33,000
I actually I want to hear what you have to say because we teased it.

292
00:17:33,000 --> 00:17:34,000
We did tease it.

293
00:17:34,000 --> 00:17:40,000
So what I have in my hands that Chris let me borrow because he is a magnanimous friend

294
00:17:40,000 --> 00:17:43,640
is the XDM 100 made by Road.

295
00:17:43,640 --> 00:17:47,520
And I got to say, we're not using it right now.

296
00:17:47,520 --> 00:17:52,440
We're running into a Roadcaster Pro 2.

297
00:17:52,440 --> 00:17:58,320
But I really think so.

298
00:17:58,320 --> 00:18:04,160
One friend of mine was talking about how, you know, everybody tries to get into the

299
00:18:04,160 --> 00:18:05,640
like the space.

300
00:18:05,640 --> 00:18:06,640
Yes.

301
00:18:06,640 --> 00:18:12,200
When a new market emerges, whenever something becomes more popular, podcasting and things

302
00:18:12,200 --> 00:18:19,880
like that, not things like that podcasting and streaming from your home and things like

303
00:18:19,880 --> 00:18:25,360
that have become way more of a thing than they used to be.

304
00:18:25,360 --> 00:18:26,680
I think we all agree.

305
00:18:26,680 --> 00:18:28,160
It twitch twitches everywhere.

306
00:18:28,160 --> 00:18:29,600
That's not news like that.

307
00:18:29,600 --> 00:18:30,600
That is what it is.

308
00:18:30,600 --> 00:18:36,760
And because of that, there's a market that's higher like the, you know, profits from it

309
00:18:36,760 --> 00:18:37,880
are way higher than they used to be.

310
00:18:37,880 --> 00:18:40,240
This didn't used to nobody cared about this.

311
00:18:40,240 --> 00:18:43,160
So there wasn't any money going into it.

312
00:18:43,160 --> 00:18:50,120
What happens is you get some half hearted efforts from people, right?

313
00:18:50,120 --> 00:18:53,280
You get somebody who's never made a microphone now making a microphone.

314
00:18:53,280 --> 00:18:59,840
You get somebody who's never made an audio interface trying to make an audio interface.

315
00:18:59,840 --> 00:19:01,320
Yes.

316
00:19:01,320 --> 00:19:08,040
So what you have to be careful of is that inside of that, you may have somebody who's

317
00:19:08,040 --> 00:19:10,360
made fantastic.

318
00:19:10,360 --> 00:19:15,120
This will just be a nameless entity that nobody knows or could figure out.

319
00:19:15,120 --> 00:19:19,920
A nameless entity makes fantastic microphones, but they've never really been in the audio

320
00:19:19,920 --> 00:19:20,960
interface game.

321
00:19:20,960 --> 00:19:25,720
And so they take one of their microphones and they're like, okay, well, we know how

322
00:19:25,720 --> 00:19:32,040
capsules work and we know the basics of ADDA.

323
00:19:32,040 --> 00:19:38,080
Let's just put something together where a microphone has the ability to go digital,

324
00:19:38,080 --> 00:19:39,080
right?

325
00:19:39,080 --> 00:19:41,000
And you have USB microphones.

326
00:19:41,000 --> 00:19:42,000
Yes.

327
00:19:42,000 --> 00:19:43,760
And you're like, oh, well, that makes sense.

328
00:19:43,760 --> 00:19:50,320
You don't have to go into a separate mixer or anything like that.

329
00:19:50,320 --> 00:19:55,280
And you can even work with some effects and things like that, but they've never really

330
00:19:55,280 --> 00:19:56,600
done any of that either.

331
00:19:56,600 --> 00:19:59,240
And so you get kind of this like, I mean, it works.

332
00:19:59,240 --> 00:20:00,240
It's great.

333
00:20:00,240 --> 00:20:03,760
Like we can make it sound good type thing.

334
00:20:03,760 --> 00:20:09,320
And then you've got Rode.

335
00:20:09,320 --> 00:20:12,160
And Rode made microphones for a long time.

336
00:20:12,160 --> 00:20:13,160
Yes, they have.

337
00:20:13,160 --> 00:20:15,760
And they've made some really good microphones.

338
00:20:15,760 --> 00:20:17,040
Yes.

339
00:20:17,040 --> 00:20:19,080
They've made some microphones that aren't great.

340
00:20:19,080 --> 00:20:24,840
I will like, you know, there have been some budget microphones even over the past five

341
00:20:24,840 --> 00:20:29,400
years that Rode has made that have been like, are we really like what?

342
00:20:29,400 --> 00:20:33,760
I think we stepped over the line and not useful.

343
00:20:33,760 --> 00:20:37,600
But they've always had some high end microphones.

344
00:20:37,600 --> 00:20:40,320
So it's not like they don't know what they're doing.

345
00:20:40,320 --> 00:20:47,080
And then they went this direction of making audio interfaces and those audio interfaces

346
00:20:47,080 --> 00:20:48,880
interacting with their microphones.

347
00:20:48,880 --> 00:20:52,640
And they were like, hey, we've got kind of a thing here where we can say like, there's

348
00:20:52,640 --> 00:21:03,360
some presets involved, like we've got like Apex, the Aural Exciter and Big Bottom and

349
00:21:03,360 --> 00:21:08,760
things that are starting to be like recognized as, oh, these are normal things to have.

350
00:21:08,760 --> 00:21:15,440
And you actually have some brand recognition there inside of that as well.

351
00:21:15,440 --> 00:21:22,800
And what they did with the XDM series or XD series, I guess, because they've got their

352
00:21:22,800 --> 00:21:23,800
XM series.

353
00:21:23,800 --> 00:21:27,080
I don't know how to say that because they've got the XDM and they've got the XCM.

354
00:21:27,080 --> 00:21:28,640
XCM, yes.

355
00:21:28,640 --> 00:21:33,160
So XM series, which is weird because there's a letter in between.

356
00:21:33,160 --> 00:21:39,280
But the XDM100 is their dynamic microphone and the XCM is their condenser microphone.

357
00:21:39,280 --> 00:21:40,280
That is correct.

358
00:21:40,280 --> 00:21:43,360
Based on other microphones that they've had.

359
00:21:43,360 --> 00:21:44,360
Yes.

360
00:21:44,360 --> 00:21:51,280
It's not like first attempt at either one of these capsules or types of microphones.

361
00:21:51,280 --> 00:22:00,480
And the XDM then has an audio interface built into it.

362
00:22:00,480 --> 00:22:06,760
But they went a step further and made a program called UniFi, which they were messing around

363
00:22:06,760 --> 00:22:07,760
with.

364
00:22:07,760 --> 00:22:08,760
Yes.

365
00:22:08,760 --> 00:22:13,440
And I'm going to say messing around with because it's not like it wasn't there before, but

366
00:22:13,440 --> 00:22:16,520
it's like it wasn't ready for prime time.

367
00:22:16,520 --> 00:22:17,520
No.

368
00:22:17,520 --> 00:22:18,520
Right.

369
00:22:18,520 --> 00:22:24,960
And what they did is they said, okay, so we've got all of these pieces now.

370
00:22:24,960 --> 00:22:28,520
And I feel like they did this pretty quietly because I didn't see it coming.

371
00:22:28,520 --> 00:22:30,880
And even when it was announced, I was like, that's no big deal.

372
00:22:30,880 --> 00:22:33,480
It's going to be like everything else.

373
00:22:33,480 --> 00:22:39,920
What made it different is they've done each of these well individually.

374
00:22:39,920 --> 00:22:41,260
Yes.

375
00:22:41,260 --> 00:22:47,920
And when you put them together, I'm not trying to make you uncomfortable here, Chris.

376
00:22:47,920 --> 00:22:51,160
I know I love you and I think you know that I love you.

377
00:22:51,160 --> 00:22:52,160
Yes, I do.

378
00:22:52,160 --> 00:22:56,800
But I'm going to use a word that you're not going to like because of the connotation with

379
00:22:56,800 --> 00:22:57,800
it.

380
00:22:57,800 --> 00:22:58,800
You're going to use the E word.

381
00:22:58,800 --> 00:23:00,040
I'm going to use the E word.

382
00:23:00,040 --> 00:23:07,760
They made an ecosystem that each of these things can work independently with other things.

383
00:23:07,760 --> 00:23:08,760
Yes.

384
00:23:08,760 --> 00:23:13,960
And maybe that's how the ecosystem doesn't work or, you know, not doesn't work, but that

385
00:23:13,960 --> 00:23:18,360
maybe the other company that we're referring to with the word ecosystem breaks down.

386
00:23:18,360 --> 00:23:19,360
Yes.

387
00:23:19,360 --> 00:23:23,640
But I like it because each of these things by themselves were working well.

388
00:23:23,640 --> 00:23:28,560
And then you put them together and they turn into a pretty fantastic combination.

389
00:23:28,560 --> 00:23:29,800
They did.

390
00:23:29,800 --> 00:23:37,400
And so I'm saying if you've got an XDM 100 or the XCM, if you've got some ways of making

391
00:23:37,400 --> 00:23:39,800
the room around you not sound horrible.

392
00:23:39,800 --> 00:23:40,800
Yes.

393
00:23:40,800 --> 00:23:45,920
And you've got the UniFi system, which now does work on Mac.

394
00:23:45,920 --> 00:23:49,000
So just in case somebody's out there going, but I have a Mac.

395
00:23:49,000 --> 00:23:51,040
No, it works with Mac now.

396
00:23:51,040 --> 00:23:55,400
That's what I've been trying it on is a Mac.

397
00:23:55,400 --> 00:24:00,320
You I feel like you're set.

398
00:24:00,320 --> 00:24:02,480
I agree.

399
00:24:02,480 --> 00:24:10,140
You can have like I was looking at USB hubs and USB C hubs.

400
00:24:10,140 --> 00:24:14,880
And honestly, like this is something that I expected to see more of than there are.

401
00:24:14,880 --> 00:24:20,680
I don't know if you agree with that, but like their USB C hubs and they just have a whole

402
00:24:20,680 --> 00:24:26,080
bunch of different types of inputs because we all need all the pro inputs and we don't

403
00:24:26,080 --> 00:24:28,600
have the pro inputs because all we have is USB C.

404
00:24:28,600 --> 00:24:35,360
Yes, I would say that they're more they're less of a USB hub and more of a port replicator

405
00:24:35,360 --> 00:24:36,360
port replicator.

406
00:24:36,360 --> 00:24:37,360
There you go.

407
00:24:37,360 --> 00:24:40,200
What I'm talking about though, are USB C hubs.

408
00:24:40,200 --> 00:24:41,200
Okay.

409
00:24:41,200 --> 00:24:43,080
And there are less of those than I would have imagined.

410
00:24:43,080 --> 00:24:44,080
That's true.

411
00:24:44,080 --> 00:24:53,480
Belkin though makes a four port 3.2 USB C 3.2 Gen 2 hub.

412
00:24:53,480 --> 00:24:59,760
So you can plug it into your computer and have four USB C's coming in.

413
00:24:59,760 --> 00:25:03,280
One of those can be your power if you want it to, but hopefully you have another USB

414
00:25:03,280 --> 00:25:04,840
C that you can use for power.

415
00:25:04,840 --> 00:25:05,840
Correct.

416
00:25:05,840 --> 00:25:08,280
And then you've got four USB C's.

417
00:25:08,280 --> 00:25:13,200
So you could have four of these road casters.

418
00:25:13,200 --> 00:25:15,320
Now I haven't actually tried this.

419
00:25:15,320 --> 00:25:20,360
So now I'm thinking like make sure that the power out is what you need it to be.

420
00:25:20,360 --> 00:25:23,640
I'm not sure what the power consumption of this thing is.

421
00:25:23,640 --> 00:25:28,200
Anyway, sorry that I should have talked about that or researched that before I started talking

422
00:25:28,200 --> 00:25:29,200
here.

423
00:25:29,200 --> 00:25:30,200
But I think that that would work.

424
00:25:30,200 --> 00:25:34,880
If not in the future, hopefully this will be something that we can do because it seems

425
00:25:34,880 --> 00:25:45,280
like or what I know is that they made road made unify in such a way that I was like,

426
00:25:45,280 --> 00:25:51,040
oh, that's kind of cute that they put a headphone jack on the microphone and it's got its own

427
00:25:51,040 --> 00:25:56,080
volume so you can turn up your headphone monitor.

428
00:25:56,080 --> 00:25:57,080
And I was like, that's cute.

429
00:25:57,080 --> 00:25:59,360
You can hear yourself.

430
00:25:59,360 --> 00:26:03,480
Oh, it can be an output from your computer.

431
00:26:03,480 --> 00:26:09,880
Oh, unify can mix it independently for every person.

432
00:26:09,880 --> 00:26:18,360
So it sees when you plug an XDM or an XCM into your computer, it sees not only the microphone

433
00:26:18,360 --> 00:26:20,920
input, but it sees the output of the headphones.

434
00:26:20,920 --> 00:26:29,040
And now you've got some like professional grade like we're going to turn this thing

435
00:26:29,040 --> 00:26:35,560
into a legit.

436
00:26:35,560 --> 00:26:38,960
I'm kind of looking here at this road caster pro like I'm not sure why I'd spend that money

437
00:26:38,960 --> 00:26:39,960
anymore.

438
00:26:39,960 --> 00:26:41,360
I know why you spend that money.

439
00:26:41,360 --> 00:26:42,360
I'm not.

440
00:26:42,360 --> 00:26:43,360
It's not.

441
00:26:43,360 --> 00:26:44,640
That's a joke.

442
00:26:44,640 --> 00:26:53,240
But at the same time, it is interesting to me because on this XDM here, they make the

443
00:26:53,240 --> 00:27:03,440
oh, shoot, which one is it that they make that has USB-C and XLR?

444
00:27:03,440 --> 00:27:07,080
I know, sure just did it with their SM7B.

445
00:27:07,080 --> 00:27:09,680
Yes, yes, they did.

446
00:27:09,680 --> 00:27:19,200
But anyway, you you could plug one of these XDMs now or XCMs into the road caster pro.

447
00:27:19,200 --> 00:27:20,200
You can.

448
00:27:20,200 --> 00:27:21,200
Yes.

449
00:27:21,200 --> 00:27:28,080
I guess technically you could do two if you don't have a line running for one of the USB-C

450
00:27:28,080 --> 00:27:31,180
for your computer, computer or recording.

451
00:27:31,180 --> 00:27:34,560
But anyway, I don't know why you would do that.

452
00:27:34,560 --> 00:27:37,000
But you can't like this doesn't have an XLR on it.

453
00:27:37,000 --> 00:27:38,200
No, it does not.

454
00:27:38,200 --> 00:27:43,680
You'd have to get the broadcaster for that, which is what this is based on.

455
00:27:43,680 --> 00:27:44,680
Pro caster.

456
00:27:44,680 --> 00:27:45,680
Pro caster.

457
00:27:45,680 --> 00:27:46,680
Thank you.

458
00:27:46,680 --> 00:27:48,680
Broadcaster is still a condenser.

459
00:27:48,680 --> 00:27:50,680
Broadcaster is a condenser.

460
00:27:50,680 --> 00:27:53,280
Yeah, pro caster is the dynamic.

461
00:27:53,280 --> 00:27:54,280
Yeah.

462
00:27:54,280 --> 00:28:03,400
Anyway, I'm just saying I'm a big fan of what we have in this for guys like you and me that

463
00:28:03,400 --> 00:28:08,120
the huge majority of the time we're recording two people, actually the huge majority of

464
00:28:08,120 --> 00:28:11,440
the time we're recording one person ourselves.

465
00:28:11,440 --> 00:28:15,360
And then if we need it, we've probably got two people.

466
00:28:15,360 --> 00:28:19,960
You know, you're you're at 150 for this guy.

467
00:28:19,960 --> 00:28:22,120
125.

468
00:28:22,120 --> 00:28:23,120
I got it.

469
00:28:23,120 --> 00:28:25,360
I bought it when it was still on sale.

470
00:28:25,360 --> 00:28:28,440
Let me see what the current price is real quick.

471
00:28:28,440 --> 00:28:37,240
I was thinking it was in the 200 to 220 range.

472
00:28:37,240 --> 00:28:40,240
But if you'd like.

473
00:28:40,240 --> 00:28:42,800
I may need to buy another.

474
00:28:42,800 --> 00:28:43,800
Potentially.

475
00:28:43,800 --> 00:28:44,800
I'm just saying.

476
00:28:44,800 --> 00:28:49,840
Well, that I also need to make sure that maybe I didn't pay too much because I see it right

477
00:28:49,840 --> 00:28:53,520
now on Amazon for one hundred and sixty eight dollars.

478
00:28:53,520 --> 00:28:57,840
I think probably we're going to see a version two of this pretty quick.

479
00:28:57,840 --> 00:28:58,840
Oh, I think so.

480
00:28:58,840 --> 00:29:00,120
I agree.

481
00:29:00,120 --> 00:29:04,360
And not for any reason that because not it's not for the reason that I think that there's

482
00:29:04,360 --> 00:29:05,560
something wrong with this.

483
00:29:05,560 --> 00:29:07,600
I really like it.

484
00:29:07,600 --> 00:29:09,720
I like the way it looks.

485
00:29:09,720 --> 00:29:15,520
I like that they ship with the pop filter.

486
00:29:15,520 --> 00:29:17,200
It's got an internal pop filter.

487
00:29:17,200 --> 00:29:21,920
That's not great, but they've got an external pop filter that works fabulous.

488
00:29:21,920 --> 00:29:28,120
And because they know that this is why you're buying this, they shipped with the filter.

489
00:29:28,120 --> 00:29:29,280
Correct.

490
00:29:29,280 --> 00:29:32,600
Because I hate it when companies do that.

491
00:29:32,600 --> 00:29:35,320
They're like, you're going to buy one.

492
00:29:35,320 --> 00:29:41,560
But like on the SM7B, it comes with two different ones because they're like, why are we?

493
00:29:41,560 --> 00:29:44,040
No, this is there's a reason it's this expensive.

494
00:29:44,040 --> 00:29:51,440
We're going to give you what you need in order to succeed with this tool that we've given

495
00:29:51,440 --> 00:29:52,440
you.

496
00:29:52,440 --> 00:30:06,360
Anyway, all of that to say it also comes with this great isolator, which I put on a really,

497
00:30:06,360 --> 00:30:12,320
really low budget tripod because I was traveling with it.

498
00:30:12,320 --> 00:30:14,800
Took it all the way up to Wyoming with me.

499
00:30:14,800 --> 00:30:17,480
Oh, wow.

500
00:30:17,480 --> 00:30:21,640
And the adapter that I put on there is stuck.

501
00:30:21,640 --> 00:30:25,440
So I'm going to have to put some pliers on it and no problem, rip that off.

502
00:30:25,440 --> 00:30:32,800
But this guy is legit.

503
00:30:32,800 --> 00:30:33,800
The shock mount.

504
00:30:33,800 --> 00:30:34,800
Shock mount.

505
00:30:34,800 --> 00:30:35,800
Thank you.

506
00:30:35,800 --> 00:30:39,360
I was like, isolator, isolator, noise isolator, isolator, shock mount.

507
00:30:39,360 --> 00:30:40,920
That's the word that I'm looking for.

508
00:30:40,920 --> 00:30:46,620
The shock mount that it comes with as well is very high quality and does a great job.

509
00:30:46,620 --> 00:30:47,620
And I did overpay.

510
00:30:47,620 --> 00:30:48,620
I paid 2.19.

511
00:30:48,620 --> 00:30:49,620
Sorry, man.

512
00:30:49,620 --> 00:30:54,400
I think that's what happens in a couple of months.

513
00:30:54,400 --> 00:30:57,040
Stuff happens.

514
00:30:57,040 --> 00:30:59,500
But it's fantastic.

515
00:30:59,500 --> 00:31:00,960
I think it's worth 2.19.

516
00:31:00,960 --> 00:31:05,080
I think it's worth 2.50.

517
00:31:05,080 --> 00:31:08,840
It has gone down in price and I would recommend it.

518
00:31:08,840 --> 00:31:11,960
And we are by no means getting paid for anything.

519
00:31:11,960 --> 00:31:13,460
No, no, no, no, no, no.

520
00:31:13,460 --> 00:31:17,720
This is our opinion because we spend our money and we can speak freely.

521
00:31:17,720 --> 00:31:24,720
I think what really stood out for me on this is they took the Procaster and they looked

522
00:31:24,720 --> 00:31:29,440
at the Podcaster, which was the first attempt that has...

523
00:31:29,440 --> 00:31:30,440
The Podmic.

524
00:31:30,440 --> 00:31:32,560
Well, no, even before that.

525
00:31:32,560 --> 00:31:33,800
Oh, the first attempt.

526
00:31:33,800 --> 00:31:37,200
It looks just like a Procaster, but it's all white.

527
00:31:37,200 --> 00:31:38,200
Yeah.

528
00:31:38,200 --> 00:31:46,760
And it has the old school USB-B, look like you're hooking up a printer.

529
00:31:46,760 --> 00:31:49,640
And so that mic was a total failure.

530
00:31:49,640 --> 00:31:53,360
The Procaster was a success, but it's an XLR mic.

531
00:31:53,360 --> 00:31:58,320
And they took basically those two and learned and like, we can put this together.

532
00:31:58,320 --> 00:32:00,760
I think they learned with the Podmic.

533
00:32:00,760 --> 00:32:01,760
They absolutely did.

534
00:32:01,760 --> 00:32:05,400
I think the Podmic had huge success.

535
00:32:05,400 --> 00:32:06,880
It did.

536
00:32:06,880 --> 00:32:09,800
And part of that was the price range of it.

537
00:32:09,800 --> 00:32:10,800
Yes.

538
00:32:10,800 --> 00:32:11,800
$99, can't beat it.

539
00:32:11,800 --> 00:32:18,880
Like, oh, we get a pretty good read here on what people are actually interested in.

540
00:32:18,880 --> 00:32:24,880
And they saw, I think with the Podmic, what they could do with it using their software

541
00:32:24,880 --> 00:32:26,240
and their stuff.

542
00:32:26,240 --> 00:32:27,240
Correct.

543
00:32:27,240 --> 00:32:33,640
And so the other thing that they did with this mic is they literally took the preamp

544
00:32:33,640 --> 00:32:36,800
out of the Roadcaster and put it in that microphone.

545
00:32:36,800 --> 00:32:40,160
And that's what gives it all that amazing capability and power.

546
00:32:40,160 --> 00:32:43,720
I mean, that little chip.

547
00:32:43,720 --> 00:32:49,040
So all that to say to follow back to what you said, several years ago, if I would have

548
00:32:49,040 --> 00:32:54,520
been looking at buying that versus buying a Roadcaster and some other microphone, I

549
00:32:54,520 --> 00:32:56,440
would have just bought the XTM.

550
00:32:56,440 --> 00:32:58,360
I don't know why you wouldn't right now.

551
00:32:58,360 --> 00:32:59,360
Yeah.

552
00:32:59,360 --> 00:33:00,840
But I have both.

553
00:33:00,840 --> 00:33:05,280
So I can totally use this on my Roadcaster, hook it up via the type C right in.

554
00:33:05,280 --> 00:33:07,200
Or just always have it with you.

555
00:33:07,200 --> 00:33:08,200
Correct.

556
00:33:08,200 --> 00:33:09,200
Take it with you.

557
00:33:09,200 --> 00:33:11,360
This thing in my bag all the time.

558
00:33:11,360 --> 00:33:18,080
Now it's a heavy little bugger, but you kind of want it to be heavy.

559
00:33:18,080 --> 00:33:25,880
I get real nervous with microphones that are light because there's sensitive things inside

560
00:33:25,880 --> 00:33:29,880
of it that I don't want to be dislodged.

561
00:33:29,880 --> 00:33:32,520
But it's very nice.

562
00:33:32,520 --> 00:33:33,520
Way to go, Australia.

563
00:33:33,520 --> 00:33:35,920
We really appreciate you, Road.

564
00:33:35,920 --> 00:33:37,360
Still no downloads, Australia.

565
00:33:37,360 --> 00:33:38,360
Come on.

566
00:33:38,360 --> 00:33:40,600
We're doing everything we can.

567
00:33:40,600 --> 00:33:42,120
I even got your mic.

568
00:33:42,120 --> 00:33:44,120
Come on.

569
00:33:44,120 --> 00:33:48,280
So that's my, you wanted my opinion.

570
00:33:48,280 --> 00:33:52,280
It took me longer to get it to you than I wanted.

571
00:33:52,280 --> 00:33:53,280
That's okay.

572
00:33:53,280 --> 00:33:57,880
This is why I purposely didn't tell you my thoughts because I wanted to hear your honest

573
00:33:57,880 --> 00:33:58,880
opinion.

574
00:33:58,880 --> 00:34:05,000
I guess I can say everything that I just said because I listened to it after recording with

575
00:34:05,000 --> 00:34:08,040
it just to myself.

576
00:34:08,040 --> 00:34:13,400
Did a couple just phone calls with it type thing and it sounds amazing.

577
00:34:13,400 --> 00:34:14,400
It does.

578
00:34:14,400 --> 00:34:20,840
And you know, it's part of me, it's like, how much of that is because of everything

579
00:34:20,840 --> 00:34:22,040
else that they do well?

580
00:34:22,040 --> 00:34:24,820
And there's part of me that's like, I don't care.

581
00:34:24,820 --> 00:34:25,820
It sounds good.

582
00:34:25,820 --> 00:34:26,820
It does.

583
00:34:26,820 --> 00:34:27,820
Sounds really good.

584
00:34:27,820 --> 00:34:29,920
It's a really good noise floor and all that.

585
00:34:29,920 --> 00:34:33,960
So anyway, well, I recommend it.

586
00:34:33,960 --> 00:34:37,060
I recommend it for a USB based mic.

587
00:34:37,060 --> 00:34:38,060
Go for it.

588
00:34:38,060 --> 00:34:44,680
Hey, we got a little bit of time to jump into our next topic of conversation.

589
00:34:44,680 --> 00:34:45,680
Yep.

590
00:34:45,680 --> 00:34:47,280
Well, we'll see what we can get through.

591
00:34:47,280 --> 00:34:50,240
There's definitely some stuff here that we don't have to go quite as deep.

592
00:34:50,240 --> 00:34:51,240
Sure.

593
00:34:51,240 --> 00:34:52,240
We can next time though.

594
00:34:52,240 --> 00:34:53,240
Yeah, absolutely.

595
00:34:53,240 --> 00:34:56,060
Or I'll have this in the show notes as well.

596
00:34:56,060 --> 00:34:59,720
Maybe this does turn into a two parter.

597
00:34:59,720 --> 00:35:03,960
So I mean, if we don't mind it turning into a two parter, then we'll just go right on

598
00:35:03,960 --> 00:35:07,560
through it and we'll just we'll pick a point to stop and come back.

599
00:35:07,560 --> 00:35:08,640
Yeah, we'll see.

600
00:35:08,640 --> 00:35:09,820
So all right.

601
00:35:09,820 --> 00:35:11,880
So we're shifting gears.

602
00:35:11,880 --> 00:35:15,640
No pun intended.

603
00:35:15,640 --> 00:35:18,560
Got out of the A. Now we're getting back into the I.

604
00:35:18,560 --> 00:35:19,560
Yes.

605
00:35:19,560 --> 00:35:27,840
So let's talk about routers and switches and how they work and the OSI model.

606
00:35:27,840 --> 00:35:30,480
What are you even talking about, Chris?

607
00:35:30,480 --> 00:35:31,480
Yes.

608
00:35:31,480 --> 00:35:33,640
Why isn't everything a router?

609
00:35:33,640 --> 00:35:34,640
Seems like it these days.

610
00:35:34,640 --> 00:35:36,440
At least that's what they call it.

611
00:35:36,440 --> 00:35:38,040
Oh my gosh.

612
00:35:38,040 --> 00:35:42,620
So let's start with OSI.

613
00:35:42,620 --> 00:35:45,160
This may crank the geek knob for some of you.

614
00:35:45,160 --> 00:35:50,400
If you're not into this, maybe come back for next show when we're actually talking about

615
00:35:50,400 --> 00:35:51,400
the hardware.

616
00:35:51,400 --> 00:35:55,520
Yeah, I will tell you, I started looking at it because I was like, I don't like OSI is

617
00:35:55,520 --> 00:35:57,720
not something that I'm very familiar with.

618
00:35:57,720 --> 00:36:00,320
I'm more familiar with the TCP IP.

619
00:36:00,320 --> 00:36:01,320
Yes.

620
00:36:01,320 --> 00:36:02,320
Model.

621
00:36:02,320 --> 00:36:03,320
Yeah.

622
00:36:03,320 --> 00:36:04,920
So we're going to that's in the show notes as well.

623
00:36:04,920 --> 00:36:05,920
It is.

624
00:36:05,920 --> 00:36:06,920
Yes.

625
00:36:06,920 --> 00:36:09,600
And it took me a second to realize we're talking about the same thing.

626
00:36:09,600 --> 00:36:10,600
Essentially.

627
00:36:10,600 --> 00:36:11,600
Yes.

628
00:36:11,600 --> 00:36:12,600
Yeah.

629
00:36:12,600 --> 00:36:13,600
So all right.

630
00:36:13,600 --> 00:36:15,640
So let's go.

631
00:36:15,640 --> 00:36:18,640
What is the OSI?

632
00:36:18,640 --> 00:36:19,920
What are you talking about?

633
00:36:19,920 --> 00:36:20,920
Yes.

634
00:36:20,920 --> 00:36:29,680
So it's a framework that enables network based hardware to talk between vendors.

635
00:36:29,680 --> 00:36:35,940
If you go far enough back when you and I were little kids and networking was a extremely

636
00:36:35,940 --> 00:36:42,000
new phenomenon, you had to make sure everything you bought came from the same manufacturer,

637
00:36:42,000 --> 00:36:45,520
because they did not talk to other manufacturers because they did their own thing.

638
00:36:45,520 --> 00:36:46,520
Right.

639
00:36:46,520 --> 00:36:52,680
They technically were ethernet or token ring, depending upon what you were doing at the

640
00:36:52,680 --> 00:36:55,480
time, if you liked IBM.

641
00:36:55,480 --> 00:37:01,680
But as far as vendor to vendor, sometimes it works, sometimes it didn't.

642
00:37:01,680 --> 00:37:04,080
And you'd bang your head against the wall and there's really nothing you could do about

643
00:37:04,080 --> 00:37:05,080
it.

644
00:37:05,080 --> 00:37:06,080
Yeah.

645
00:37:06,080 --> 00:37:09,240
If you're like, if you're still thinking like, what are they talking about?

646
00:37:09,240 --> 00:37:14,080
Hopefully, if you've made it this far in the show, like you at least know what a driver

647
00:37:14,080 --> 00:37:15,080
is.

648
00:37:15,080 --> 00:37:16,080
I hope so.

649
00:37:16,080 --> 00:37:21,640
And if imagine there is no driver, it's either already in your computer.

650
00:37:21,640 --> 00:37:22,640
Yeah.

651
00:37:22,640 --> 00:37:25,680
Or you don't get to use the piece of hardware.

652
00:37:25,680 --> 00:37:26,680
Piece of hardware.

653
00:37:26,680 --> 00:37:27,680
Yeah.

654
00:37:27,680 --> 00:37:33,000
So that's that was the beauty of this was a way to bring all this equipment together

655
00:37:33,000 --> 00:37:36,560
and to make sure that one vendor talks to another vendor.

656
00:37:36,560 --> 00:37:41,760
Now with that being said, you do occasionally find some stuff that doesn't work quite the

657
00:37:41,760 --> 00:37:45,000
way you intended that happened within the last.

658
00:37:45,000 --> 00:37:48,640
When did we get those HP switches?

659
00:37:48,640 --> 00:37:49,640
2007.

660
00:37:49,640 --> 00:37:55,800
So I love that you just like in order to come up with this, like an example of this just

661
00:37:55,800 --> 00:38:00,000
said, when did we get those AP switches or HP switches?

662
00:38:00,000 --> 00:38:01,000
Like thank you.

663
00:38:01,000 --> 00:38:05,800
Well, it was a as I was going through this, it just, you know, it came up, you know, so

664
00:38:05,800 --> 00:38:11,560
we were trying to get HP switches to talk to Cisco switches and we were trying to do

665
00:38:11,560 --> 00:38:12,560
trunks.

666
00:38:12,560 --> 00:38:13,560
Right.

667
00:38:13,560 --> 00:38:20,200
So switch to switch communication, which allows multiple virtual networks to pass over a cable.

668
00:38:20,200 --> 00:38:25,440
And what we learned really quickly is that those AP switches and those Cisco switches,

669
00:38:25,440 --> 00:38:29,760
they didn't like each other and they were a bugger to get to work.

670
00:38:29,760 --> 00:38:33,160
And so we were like, well, we're going Cisco anyway.

671
00:38:33,160 --> 00:38:37,640
So HP was out, Cisco was in, and once we did Cisco to Cisco, it was great.

672
00:38:37,640 --> 00:38:40,120
They're like, oh no, we took, we know what we're talking about.

673
00:38:40,120 --> 00:38:41,120
Yes.

674
00:38:41,120 --> 00:38:42,120
Yep.

675
00:38:42,120 --> 00:38:47,440
So that shouldn't have been a thing in 2007 considering that this came out in the eighties,

676
00:38:47,440 --> 00:38:50,880
I'm sorry, seventies for the original piece of it.

677
00:38:50,880 --> 00:38:53,240
But it did.

678
00:38:53,240 --> 00:38:54,240
And it still happens.

679
00:38:54,240 --> 00:38:55,240
Yeah.

680
00:38:55,240 --> 00:38:57,360
I had a incident this morning when I'm going too far in the weeds.

681
00:38:57,360 --> 00:39:05,600
My brother has a brand new TV, would not talk to the router supplied by central link.

682
00:39:05,600 --> 00:39:10,240
We're talking brand new hardware and still just in talking.

683
00:39:10,240 --> 00:39:13,600
All right.

684
00:39:13,600 --> 00:39:16,880
So coming back, getting off the squirrel chase.

685
00:39:16,880 --> 00:39:17,880
Sorry.

686
00:39:17,880 --> 00:39:26,880
So you've got a framework, a language, a, I mean, I don't know what other, like they're,

687
00:39:26,880 --> 00:39:31,840
I'm trying to think of words that are going to help you think of like the way that these

688
00:39:31,840 --> 00:39:36,560
things talk to each other in a way that is going to make sense to both of them.

689
00:39:36,560 --> 00:39:37,560
Yes.

690
00:39:37,560 --> 00:39:39,240
It's a manual, if you will.

691
00:39:39,240 --> 00:39:40,240
A manual.

692
00:39:40,240 --> 00:39:41,240
So there you go.

693
00:39:41,240 --> 00:39:42,240
So OSI.

694
00:39:42,240 --> 00:39:46,480
OSI, the open systems interconnection.

695
00:39:46,480 --> 00:39:47,480
Which totally makes sense.

696
00:39:47,480 --> 00:39:48,480
Oh, of course.

697
00:39:48,480 --> 00:39:49,480
Of course.

698
00:39:49,480 --> 00:39:50,480
Open.

699
00:39:50,480 --> 00:39:51,480
Yes.

700
00:39:51,480 --> 00:39:53,640
So they basically came up with the standard.

701
00:39:53,640 --> 00:40:01,000
The late seventies was published in 84 ISO.

702
00:40:01,000 --> 00:40:03,760
So now you see the letters just swapped.

703
00:40:03,760 --> 00:40:06,760
Wait a minute.

704
00:40:06,760 --> 00:40:07,760
Yes.

705
00:40:07,760 --> 00:40:12,360
ISO 7498 and the most current version.

706
00:40:12,360 --> 00:40:13,680
And here's some additional letters.

707
00:40:13,680 --> 00:40:21,860
The ISO slash IEC 7498 dash one from 1994.

708
00:40:21,860 --> 00:40:26,160
So no major change since 1994 when we were in high school.

709
00:40:26,160 --> 00:40:27,160
That's rough.

710
00:40:27,160 --> 00:40:28,160
Yes.

711
00:40:28,160 --> 00:40:29,160
And it establishes.

712
00:40:29,160 --> 00:40:30,160
I mean, it's good.

713
00:40:30,160 --> 00:40:33,960
I mean, the amazing thing is it's still working.

714
00:40:33,960 --> 00:40:41,200
The fact that it's still working, I guess, means they thought of most things.

715
00:40:41,200 --> 00:40:42,200
Yes.

716
00:40:42,200 --> 00:40:48,540
And they've had sufficient buy-in that there was no need to come back and force people

717
00:40:48,540 --> 00:40:52,600
to get back into this because they realize everything's got to work.

718
00:40:52,600 --> 00:40:56,800
So it essentially it created a seven layer model.

719
00:40:56,800 --> 00:41:01,480
You briefly mentioned TCP IP will kind of go over how those are similar.

720
00:41:01,480 --> 00:41:05,160
And there is also one other that I did not include in here, but it's very similar to

721
00:41:05,160 --> 00:41:06,160
TCP IP.

722
00:41:06,160 --> 00:41:10,440
In fact, I think the structure.

723
00:41:10,440 --> 00:41:17,380
There may be one change between TCP IP and DOD, but essentially it achieves the same

724
00:41:17,380 --> 00:41:21,120
thing just with fewer layers called out.

725
00:41:21,120 --> 00:41:24,480
So let's kind of let's dig in.

726
00:41:24,480 --> 00:41:26,720
So you've got seven layers.

727
00:41:26,720 --> 00:41:31,600
The very first layer that we'll start with is the physical layer.

728
00:41:31,600 --> 00:41:37,660
That may just that name alone may make people think, oh, some type of physical device.

729
00:41:37,660 --> 00:41:40,680
And that's that's correct to some degree.

730
00:41:40,680 --> 00:41:46,280
So it basically has to do around the medium or the cabling, if you will.

731
00:41:46,280 --> 00:41:50,720
It's been when you say medium, you mean like what it's being transferred over.

732
00:41:50,720 --> 00:41:51,720
Correct.

733
00:41:51,720 --> 00:41:53,040
So you go far enough back.

734
00:41:53,040 --> 00:41:54,840
It was coax.

735
00:41:54,840 --> 00:41:56,760
And then you've that's one kind of copper.

736
00:41:56,760 --> 00:41:57,760
It's one kind of copper.

737
00:41:57,760 --> 00:41:58,760
Yes, it is.

738
00:41:58,760 --> 00:42:00,760
With B and C connections.

739
00:42:00,760 --> 00:42:02,160
Yes.

740
00:42:02,160 --> 00:42:07,840
And you had to had had to have a Terminator at the end of the chain.

741
00:42:07,840 --> 00:42:08,840
Yep.

742
00:42:08,840 --> 00:42:12,360
If you don't have it, all kinds of badness.

743
00:42:12,360 --> 00:42:17,240
So some people may know the Terminator reference, not the movie.

744
00:42:17,240 --> 00:42:19,560
I was like, I hope they do.

745
00:42:19,560 --> 00:42:20,640
I would be back.

746
00:42:20,640 --> 00:42:21,640
It's a different.

747
00:42:21,640 --> 00:42:22,640
Yes.

748
00:42:22,640 --> 00:42:23,840
Different term from DMX lighting.

749
00:42:23,840 --> 00:42:24,840
Yes.

750
00:42:24,840 --> 00:42:25,840
DMX lighting.

751
00:42:25,840 --> 00:42:26,840
Yes.

752
00:42:26,840 --> 00:42:27,840
Thank you, AVL.

753
00:42:27,840 --> 00:42:28,840
Yes.

754
00:42:28,840 --> 00:42:33,280
And the other that some people may know, again, depending on the age of our listeners is

755
00:42:33,280 --> 00:42:34,280
scuzzy drives.

756
00:42:34,280 --> 00:42:35,280
Scuzzy drives.

757
00:42:35,280 --> 00:42:38,360
You had to have a Terminator on your scuzzy.

758
00:42:38,360 --> 00:42:40,360
Hold on.

759
00:42:40,360 --> 00:42:44,000
I'm going to feel old for a minute.

760
00:42:44,000 --> 00:42:45,000
Yeah.

761
00:42:45,000 --> 00:42:46,000
Okay.

762
00:42:46,000 --> 00:42:47,000
All right.

763
00:42:47,000 --> 00:42:48,000
We're back.

764
00:42:48,000 --> 00:42:49,000
Yeah.

765
00:42:49,000 --> 00:42:55,720
So coax into copper, eventually into fiber, fiber.

766
00:42:55,720 --> 00:43:01,520
Another piece that can that exists here as well would be your network card that is going

767
00:43:01,520 --> 00:43:06,240
to fall into this layer, layer one or physical layer.

768
00:43:06,240 --> 00:43:11,800
So this basically we're not going to go into too much more detail if you want to read this

769
00:43:11,800 --> 00:43:13,400
framework, knock yourself out.

770
00:43:13,400 --> 00:43:14,400
Right.

771
00:43:14,400 --> 00:43:17,220
But essentially this is layer one physical layer.

772
00:43:17,220 --> 00:43:23,480
It basically describes everything that has to occur at this layer for one device to talk

773
00:43:23,480 --> 00:43:24,480
to another device.

774
00:43:24,480 --> 00:43:25,480
Right.

775
00:43:25,480 --> 00:43:32,000
If I plug my computer into your computer over a network drive or over a network cable.

776
00:43:32,000 --> 00:43:33,000
Sorry.

777
00:43:33,000 --> 00:43:34,000
Yes.

778
00:43:34,000 --> 00:43:36,080
That made it weird.

779
00:43:36,080 --> 00:43:37,080
Network cable.

780
00:43:37,080 --> 00:43:38,080
It's a beer.

781
00:43:38,080 --> 00:43:39,080
Sure.

782
00:43:39,080 --> 00:43:40,080
All right.

783
00:43:40,080 --> 00:43:41,080
Yeah.

784
00:43:41,080 --> 00:43:42,080
Okay.

785
00:43:42,080 --> 00:43:43,080
Layer two.

786
00:43:43,080 --> 00:43:44,080
Layer two.

787
00:43:44,080 --> 00:43:45,960
This is where it starts to get a little interesting.

788
00:43:45,960 --> 00:43:48,840
Layer two is a data link layer.

789
00:43:48,840 --> 00:43:52,240
I may read this one a little more than I did the other.

790
00:43:52,240 --> 00:43:58,640
So the data link layer refers to technologies used to connect two machines across a network,

791
00:43:58,640 --> 00:43:59,640
not the physical.

792
00:43:59,640 --> 00:44:04,360
It uses the physical cable, but not specifically referring to that.

793
00:44:04,360 --> 00:44:07,240
Where the physical layer already exists.

794
00:44:07,240 --> 00:44:12,360
So in your example, I have a network cable plugged into my computer, plugged into your

795
00:44:12,360 --> 00:44:16,640
computer that establishes that layer one physical connection.

796
00:44:16,640 --> 00:44:22,040
Now layer two can take advantage of that to start some communication.

797
00:44:22,040 --> 00:44:29,080
So it manages what are referred to as data frames, which is the data at that layer, which

798
00:44:29,080 --> 00:44:33,480
basically says our digital signals encapsulated into data packets.

799
00:44:33,480 --> 00:44:37,040
We're getting nerdy.

800
00:44:37,040 --> 00:44:40,080
Well this is great because I think there are some people listening that have heard the

801
00:44:40,080 --> 00:44:42,600
word packets and don't know what that is.

802
00:44:42,600 --> 00:44:43,600
Correct.

803
00:44:43,600 --> 00:44:46,400
Because they don't know what bits and bytes are.

804
00:44:46,400 --> 00:44:48,440
Bits and bytes and packets and everything else.

805
00:44:48,440 --> 00:44:49,440
Anyway, keep going.

806
00:44:49,440 --> 00:44:57,160
So you get flow control and error control of data are some of the key focuses at this

807
00:44:57,160 --> 00:44:58,160
layer.

808
00:44:58,160 --> 00:45:02,880
Ethernet is an example of a standard at this level.

809
00:45:02,880 --> 00:45:06,880
Media link layer is often split into two sub layers.

810
00:45:06,880 --> 00:45:10,360
Media access control, the Mac ID of your device.

811
00:45:10,360 --> 00:45:13,080
Every device has a unique Mac ID.

812
00:45:13,080 --> 00:45:14,080
Yeah.

813
00:45:14,080 --> 00:45:15,640
If you didn't know that, it's great.

814
00:45:15,640 --> 00:45:17,680
If you didn't, you can find it actually pretty quickly.

815
00:45:17,680 --> 00:45:18,680
Yes.

816
00:45:18,680 --> 00:45:21,760
The these days you can technically spoofs and Mac.

817
00:45:21,760 --> 00:45:28,640
So you could have two devices with the same Mac, but coming from the manufacturer, it's

818
00:45:28,640 --> 00:45:30,960
going to be 100% unique.

819
00:45:30,960 --> 00:45:35,960
And then the other is the logical link control layer.

820
00:45:35,960 --> 00:45:37,680
So that's layer two.

821
00:45:37,680 --> 00:45:40,920
The logical link control layer.

822
00:45:40,920 --> 00:45:43,440
Please don't make me try to run.

823
00:45:43,440 --> 00:45:44,440
Never mind.

824
00:45:44,440 --> 00:45:45,440
It's fine.

825
00:45:45,440 --> 00:45:46,440
It's not.

826
00:45:46,440 --> 00:45:48,000
It's not the LLC you're thinking of.

827
00:45:48,000 --> 00:45:50,200
No it's not the LLC that you're working for.

828
00:45:50,200 --> 00:45:51,920
That is for sure.

829
00:45:51,920 --> 00:45:52,920
Okay.

830
00:45:52,920 --> 00:45:55,480
So we move up to layer three network layer.

831
00:45:55,480 --> 00:45:59,120
This is where some people are going to be a little more familiar.

832
00:45:59,120 --> 00:46:03,240
So layer two communication is happening via Mac address.

833
00:46:03,240 --> 00:46:07,040
I need to send from this Mac address to this Mac address.

834
00:46:07,040 --> 00:46:08,040
Okay.

835
00:46:08,040 --> 00:46:09,120
I have them.

836
00:46:09,120 --> 00:46:10,120
Here we go.

837
00:46:10,120 --> 00:46:11,120
Right.

838
00:46:11,120 --> 00:46:17,000
When we get to layer three packets, it's now that packet is being encapsulated with the

839
00:46:17,000 --> 00:46:21,320
at the network layer with IP.

840
00:46:21,320 --> 00:46:27,960
Because even though every device has a different IP or different, sorry, excuse me.

841
00:46:27,960 --> 00:46:30,880
Even though every device has a different Mac address.

842
00:46:30,880 --> 00:46:32,240
Yes.

843
00:46:32,240 --> 00:46:39,680
It is too confusing to try to find that Mac address with no other idea of where it could

844
00:46:39,680 --> 00:46:42,880
be because the network is too big.

845
00:46:42,880 --> 00:46:43,880
Correct.

846
00:46:43,880 --> 00:46:44,880
Yeah.

847
00:46:44,880 --> 00:46:46,920
At that layer you can't carve things up.

848
00:46:46,920 --> 00:46:47,920
Right.

849
00:46:47,920 --> 00:46:50,920
Like you can here at the network layer.

850
00:46:50,920 --> 00:46:53,560
So the network layer works around IP.

851
00:46:53,560 --> 00:46:54,560
Important.

852
00:46:54,560 --> 00:46:55,560
Yes.

853
00:46:55,560 --> 00:46:56,560
Very important.

854
00:46:56,560 --> 00:47:01,640
Think of an IP address is basically your street address to your home.

855
00:47:01,640 --> 00:47:05,920
It's unique to you.

856
00:47:05,920 --> 00:47:07,480
So that's what's happening here.

857
00:47:07,480 --> 00:47:11,880
You, this is where you're going to have IPv4 and I'm going to say it.

858
00:47:11,880 --> 00:47:14,280
I'm going to sound like one of those people.

859
00:47:14,280 --> 00:47:15,800
IPv6.

860
00:47:15,800 --> 00:47:17,040
I promise it's coming.

861
00:47:17,040 --> 00:47:18,040
It is coming.

862
00:47:18,040 --> 00:47:19,040
I did.

863
00:47:19,040 --> 00:47:20,040
I'm with you.

864
00:47:20,040 --> 00:47:21,040
It's coming.

865
00:47:21,040 --> 00:47:22,040
Yes.

866
00:47:22,040 --> 00:47:30,680
And we're getting a little bit crazy with, if you don't know what IPv6 is, I mean, imagine

867
00:47:30,680 --> 00:47:35,520
IP addresses with a few more.

868
00:47:35,520 --> 00:47:38,040
A few more.

869
00:47:38,040 --> 00:47:39,040
Yeah.

870
00:47:39,040 --> 00:47:40,040
Hocktets if you will.

871
00:47:40,040 --> 00:47:41,040
Hocktets.

872
00:47:41,040 --> 00:47:42,040
Yeah.

873
00:47:42,040 --> 00:47:44,480
So everything here is based around IP address.

874
00:47:44,480 --> 00:47:50,720
This is what enables IP and network is what lets us take large networks and carve them

875
00:47:50,720 --> 00:47:52,400
up into smaller networks.

876
00:47:52,400 --> 00:47:54,800
That's a whole lot more manageable.

877
00:47:54,800 --> 00:48:03,280
And this is also how we can have multiple devices behind a single IP and we can keep

878
00:48:03,280 --> 00:48:08,360
track of that and get some communication out.

879
00:48:08,360 --> 00:48:13,240
So that's what's happening at the network layer.

880
00:48:13,240 --> 00:48:14,760
That's a lot happening at the network layer.

881
00:48:14,760 --> 00:48:18,280
There's a ton happening on and it's going on all the time.

882
00:48:18,280 --> 00:48:21,920
Doesn't matter what device you're using, computer, a phone, you're on a cellular network.

883
00:48:21,920 --> 00:48:22,920
It doesn't matter.

884
00:48:22,920 --> 00:48:24,840
There's data traveling.

885
00:48:24,840 --> 00:48:27,200
Layer three is happening everywhere.

886
00:48:27,200 --> 00:48:28,480
Okay.

887
00:48:28,480 --> 00:48:33,200
So let's shift on to layer four, the transport layer.

888
00:48:33,200 --> 00:48:39,760
So primary focus at this level is to ensure packets arrive in the right order without

889
00:48:39,760 --> 00:48:40,760
loss.

890
00:48:40,760 --> 00:48:41,760
I can't speak.

891
00:48:41,760 --> 00:48:45,160
I'm going to blame the beer too.

892
00:48:45,160 --> 00:48:46,920
It's great.

893
00:48:46,920 --> 00:48:50,960
Or errors or can be seamlessly recovered if required.

894
00:48:50,960 --> 00:48:54,800
So again, we're getting into some flow control here.

895
00:48:54,800 --> 00:49:01,080
At this point, you're going to hear references to TCP and UDP.

896
00:49:01,080 --> 00:49:04,480
TCP being transmission control protocol.

897
00:49:04,480 --> 00:49:10,160
The way that works is I'm sending it and you acknowledge that you've got it.

898
00:49:10,160 --> 00:49:11,480
Then I'll send the next one.

899
00:49:11,480 --> 00:49:12,840
You acknowledge that you got that one.

900
00:49:12,840 --> 00:49:15,480
And then I'll send the next one and you acknowledge.

901
00:49:15,480 --> 00:49:21,040
If you say, Hey, I didn't get it, then I will resend it before we go to the next one in

902
00:49:21,040 --> 00:49:22,040
the chain.

903
00:49:22,040 --> 00:49:23,520
So remember this is happening.

904
00:49:23,520 --> 00:49:25,640
Yes, it is.

905
00:49:25,640 --> 00:49:28,260
Basically, it's a speed light.

906
00:49:28,260 --> 00:49:30,120
This is going on.

907
00:49:30,120 --> 00:49:32,040
So that's the whole point of TCP.

908
00:49:32,040 --> 00:49:37,600
If it's critical, and it's got to be there, we're going to use TCP.

909
00:49:37,600 --> 00:49:45,560
The redheaded cousin, if you will, is UDP, which is the user data grant protocol.

910
00:49:45,560 --> 00:49:49,840
And the reason why I say that is UDP doesn't care if you got it or not.

911
00:49:49,840 --> 00:49:50,840
Nope.

912
00:49:50,840 --> 00:49:51,840
It's here it comes.

913
00:49:51,840 --> 00:49:52,840
I hope you get it.

914
00:49:52,840 --> 00:49:54,000
And best of luck.

915
00:49:54,000 --> 00:49:57,600
What it says on the I mean, I just got to say it because it says it on the sheet is

916
00:49:57,600 --> 00:49:58,600
a lossy.

917
00:49:58,600 --> 00:49:59,600
Yes.

918
00:49:59,600 --> 00:50:00,600
Connectionless.

919
00:50:00,600 --> 00:50:01,600
Yes.

920
00:50:01,600 --> 00:50:03,880
And not lossless.

921
00:50:03,880 --> 00:50:04,880
Not lossless.

922
00:50:04,880 --> 00:50:05,880
Yeah, lossy.

923
00:50:05,880 --> 00:50:06,880
Lossy.

924
00:50:06,880 --> 00:50:07,880
Lossy has experienced this.

925
00:50:07,880 --> 00:50:10,600
We're expecting to lose some stuff on this.

926
00:50:10,600 --> 00:50:14,320
If you've been in a Zoom call, you've seen this.

927
00:50:14,320 --> 00:50:19,440
It's more important that you just keep getting information, get it in the right order.

928
00:50:19,440 --> 00:50:20,440
Correct.

929
00:50:20,440 --> 00:50:21,440
Correct.

930
00:50:21,440 --> 00:50:25,280
Because if you were waiting for all of the Zoom call to come in order, it'd be an absolute

931
00:50:25,280 --> 00:50:26,280
nightmare.

932
00:50:26,280 --> 00:50:36,520
So I always talk about like the difference between a radio signal, which is lossy, and

933
00:50:36,520 --> 00:50:40,440
a digital signal, which is usually lossless.

934
00:50:40,440 --> 00:50:51,080
So like there's an element of like when wireless mics went digital, it's like, oh, that doesn't

935
00:50:51,080 --> 00:50:56,240
sound right because you hear like this weird digital break off of information.

936
00:50:56,240 --> 00:50:57,240
Yes.

937
00:50:57,240 --> 00:51:04,640
And when it's analog, it sounds more like it just got weaker.

938
00:51:04,640 --> 00:51:05,640
Yes.

939
00:51:05,640 --> 00:51:09,920
So there is a place for it, but it is kind of funny.

940
00:51:09,920 --> 00:51:12,680
Yeah, that digital, it's either there or it's not.

941
00:51:12,680 --> 00:51:18,520
So if you've ever been in a Zoom call and you see you're watching a person talk fragments,

942
00:51:18,520 --> 00:51:21,200
yeah, you see fragments pop up on the screen.

943
00:51:21,200 --> 00:51:26,160
Or if in one view, they're leaning to the left, and the next time you immediately switches

944
00:51:26,160 --> 00:51:29,280
and they've shifted to the right, you lost data.

945
00:51:29,280 --> 00:51:32,480
You didn't see them move from the left to the right.

946
00:51:32,480 --> 00:51:34,040
So that's UDP.

947
00:51:34,040 --> 00:51:35,640
It's just like, here you go.

948
00:51:35,640 --> 00:51:37,640
I hope you get it.

949
00:51:37,640 --> 00:51:41,960
Lossless would be more of the like you see them stop and then you see them really quickly

950
00:51:41,960 --> 00:51:43,760
jump between a few different locations.

951
00:51:43,760 --> 00:51:47,240
Yeah, you'll see it try to speed back up and catch back up.

952
00:51:47,240 --> 00:51:49,840
This also happens in phone calls as well.

953
00:51:49,840 --> 00:51:53,680
Yeah, yeah, it's best effort.

954
00:51:53,680 --> 00:51:59,360
Because again, if you're waiting for everything they're saying to come up, there's going to

955
00:51:59,360 --> 00:52:01,600
be pauses and you're like waiting, waiting, waiting.

956
00:52:01,600 --> 00:52:02,600
You mean lossy.

957
00:52:02,600 --> 00:52:03,600
Yeah, it'd be lossy.

958
00:52:03,600 --> 00:52:04,600
Yes.

959
00:52:04,600 --> 00:52:08,960
So you get the same thing in phones, cell phone.

960
00:52:08,960 --> 00:52:17,200
If you're using a digital phone at work, you're going to see that exact same experience.

961
00:52:17,200 --> 00:52:22,280
Where that is not helpful is if you're sending a file like a Word document or something like

962
00:52:22,280 --> 00:52:25,760
that, and it shows up all out of order.

963
00:52:25,760 --> 00:52:26,760
Correct.

964
00:52:26,760 --> 00:52:29,640
That is the opposite of helpful.

965
00:52:29,640 --> 00:52:30,640
Yes.

966
00:52:30,640 --> 00:52:32,600
Yes, yes.

967
00:52:32,600 --> 00:52:39,320
So next layer, next layer, we are going to layer five, the session layer.

968
00:52:39,320 --> 00:52:45,560
This is responsible for network coordination between two separate applications.

969
00:52:45,560 --> 00:52:52,120
Session manages the beginning and ending of a one to one application connection and synchronization

970
00:52:52,120 --> 00:52:53,120
conflicts.

971
00:52:53,120 --> 00:52:57,720
Yeah, you lost me.

972
00:52:57,720 --> 00:53:04,320
So an example of this layer would be network file system or server message block SMB.

973
00:53:04,320 --> 00:53:13,640
SMB is going to be in the Windows world, NFS, Linux, Unix, some Mac, or some common pieces

974
00:53:13,640 --> 00:53:16,400
at that layer.

975
00:53:16,400 --> 00:53:27,920
You may have had to try to, if you've ever in the past, I don't know, 10 years, 15 years,

976
00:53:27,920 --> 00:53:35,400
had to try to connect a Mac to a Windows share or a server.

977
00:53:35,400 --> 00:53:36,400
Yes.

978
00:53:36,400 --> 00:53:38,720
SMB colon slash slash.

979
00:53:38,720 --> 00:53:41,800
Important to tell it what kind of block you're looking for.

980
00:53:41,800 --> 00:53:42,800
Yes.

981
00:53:42,800 --> 00:53:43,800
Yes, yes.

982
00:53:43,800 --> 00:53:44,800
Anyway.

983
00:53:44,800 --> 00:53:50,880
So let's hop up to layer six presentation layer.

984
00:53:50,880 --> 00:53:53,360
Not necessarily what you're thinking, possibly.

985
00:53:53,360 --> 00:53:54,360
No.

986
00:53:54,360 --> 00:54:00,680
This is primarily concerned with syntax of the data for applications to send and consume.

987
00:54:00,680 --> 00:54:03,160
This is the network's PowerPoint.

988
00:54:03,160 --> 00:54:04,800
Yes.

989
00:54:04,800 --> 00:54:17,680
So examples here is HTML, JavaScript, JSON, CSVs are all modeling languages to describe

990
00:54:17,680 --> 00:54:21,960
the structure of the data at the presentation layer.

991
00:54:21,960 --> 00:54:27,520
So if you've ever worked with any of that, you have experienced what's going on at the

992
00:54:27,520 --> 00:54:28,520
presentation layer.

993
00:54:28,520 --> 00:54:29,520
Yeah.

994
00:54:29,520 --> 00:54:31,560
I mean, I think HTML is the one that we all...

995
00:54:31,560 --> 00:54:32,560
Most people will know that.

996
00:54:32,560 --> 00:54:33,560
Know that.

997
00:54:33,560 --> 00:54:34,560
Basic web page.

998
00:54:34,560 --> 00:54:41,440
But CSV is actually, because it's so simple, it's widely adopted for different things.

999
00:54:41,440 --> 00:54:42,440
Yes.

1000
00:54:42,440 --> 00:54:45,800
But HTML is the one that I think people are going to remember.

1001
00:54:45,800 --> 00:54:48,080
They're going to recognize the most.

1002
00:54:48,080 --> 00:54:49,080
Yeah.

1003
00:54:49,080 --> 00:54:50,080
Okay.

1004
00:54:50,080 --> 00:54:54,080
So let's jump to layer seven, the application layer.

1005
00:54:54,080 --> 00:54:56,080
This specific layer is...

1006
00:54:56,080 --> 00:54:58,480
I think I just said specific and not specific.

1007
00:54:58,480 --> 00:55:02,680
I heard specific, but again, the beer is doing its job.

1008
00:55:02,680 --> 00:55:03,680
Yes.

1009
00:55:03,680 --> 00:55:09,080
The application layer is concerned with a specific type of application itself and its

1010
00:55:09,080 --> 00:55:11,760
standardized communication methods.

1011
00:55:11,760 --> 00:55:14,080
That's a lot of gobbledygook.

1012
00:55:14,080 --> 00:55:20,960
An example would be a web browser can communicate using HTTP or HTTPS.

1013
00:55:20,960 --> 00:55:27,320
And email clients, if you still have some of this out there, possibly POP3, long live

1014
00:55:27,320 --> 00:55:28,320
POP3.

1015
00:55:28,320 --> 00:55:29,320
Long live...

1016
00:55:29,320 --> 00:55:30,320
You're so weird.

1017
00:55:30,320 --> 00:55:31,320
Yes.

1018
00:55:31,320 --> 00:55:32,320
And SMTP, which is...

1019
00:55:32,320 --> 00:55:33,320
SMTP.

1020
00:55:33,320 --> 00:55:34,320
Okay.

1021
00:55:34,320 --> 00:55:35,760
You've got to have SMTP or you're not transmitting.

1022
00:55:35,760 --> 00:55:37,360
Yeah, no, that's important.

1023
00:55:37,360 --> 00:55:38,360
Yes.

1024
00:55:38,360 --> 00:55:41,680
POP3, for those who don't know, is the old school way of getting your email into your

1025
00:55:41,680 --> 00:55:43,240
client.

1026
00:55:43,240 --> 00:55:47,160
And it was, I want it, give it to me.

1027
00:55:47,160 --> 00:55:48,160
Okay, delete it.

1028
00:55:48,160 --> 00:55:49,160
I've got it.

1029
00:55:49,160 --> 00:55:50,160
Yep.

1030
00:55:50,160 --> 00:55:53,520
And that was going on all the time.

1031
00:55:53,520 --> 00:55:57,600
It's hard for me to imagine why you would like that, Chris.

1032
00:55:57,600 --> 00:55:59,600
Long live POP3.

1033
00:55:59,600 --> 00:56:01,600
Oh my gosh.

1034
00:56:01,600 --> 00:56:05,440
So, all right, so that is the seven layers.

1035
00:56:05,440 --> 00:56:09,800
And so for those, I know you can't see this right now, but it will be in the show notes.

1036
00:56:09,800 --> 00:56:10,800
Yeah.

1037
00:56:10,800 --> 00:56:15,240
I've got a graphic here that kind of shows a comparison of the seven layer model versus

1038
00:56:15,240 --> 00:56:18,600
the four layer TCP IP model.

1039
00:56:18,600 --> 00:56:23,760
And don't hold me to it, but if I remember correctly on the DoD model, transport and

1040
00:56:23,760 --> 00:56:29,640
internet are connected together and that's referred to as the network layer.

1041
00:56:29,640 --> 00:56:31,640
I will confirm that.

1042
00:56:31,640 --> 00:56:34,960
What's the network interface known as?

1043
00:56:34,960 --> 00:56:38,760
That is data link and physical.

1044
00:56:38,760 --> 00:56:43,960
So I believe that, I think it is physical.

1045
00:56:43,960 --> 00:56:44,960
I'll have to double check.

1046
00:56:44,960 --> 00:56:47,760
This is going to be great because of some research before the next one.

1047
00:56:47,760 --> 00:56:49,960
I may have to fix some stuff in postal here.

1048
00:56:49,960 --> 00:56:50,960
It's going to be great.

1049
00:56:50,960 --> 00:56:56,360
So, so you'll see this, it's kind of nice to see how the seven layers of OSI compared

1050
00:56:56,360 --> 00:56:58,600
to the four TCP IP.

1051
00:56:58,600 --> 00:57:05,560
So OSI, you've got application presentation and session are all separate layers on the

1052
00:57:05,560 --> 00:57:06,880
TCP IP model.

1053
00:57:06,880 --> 00:57:09,640
Those are combined as the application layer.

1054
00:57:09,640 --> 00:57:13,000
OSI, you get transport and network.

1055
00:57:13,000 --> 00:57:15,680
That is the same on TCP IP.

1056
00:57:15,680 --> 00:57:18,520
Those are combined on the DoD.

1057
00:57:18,520 --> 00:57:24,880
And then last on OSI, data link and physical or individual on the TCP model.

1058
00:57:24,880 --> 00:57:27,720
And I believe it's also the same on the DoD model.

1059
00:57:27,720 --> 00:57:30,200
They are combined here on the TCP IP model.

1060
00:57:30,200 --> 00:57:33,560
They are referred to as network interface.

1061
00:57:33,560 --> 00:57:38,840
This also has some examples of things that you would actually see in the various layers.

1062
00:57:38,840 --> 00:57:48,280
So down at the physical, RS-232 serial communication, still usable on a lot of professional displays.

1063
00:57:48,280 --> 00:57:58,040
UTP cabling, cat5, cat6, DSL, optical fiber, at the data link layer, ethernet, network,

1064
00:57:58,040 --> 00:58:03,640
IPv4, v6, like we talked about, ARP, IGMP, ICMP.

1065
00:58:03,640 --> 00:58:05,760
Do I need to explain ARP?

1066
00:58:05,760 --> 00:58:10,240
I saw your address resolution protocol.

1067
00:58:10,240 --> 00:58:11,600
I don't know your IP.

1068
00:58:11,600 --> 00:58:13,720
I've got your MAC address.

1069
00:58:13,720 --> 00:58:15,760
Has anybody got this?

1070
00:58:15,760 --> 00:58:16,760
And you get that back.

1071
00:58:16,760 --> 00:58:20,720
OK, now I can transmit.

1072
00:58:20,720 --> 00:58:21,720
Step up to transport.

1073
00:58:21,720 --> 00:58:24,640
Again, TCP UDP, like we talked about.

1074
00:58:24,640 --> 00:58:25,680
Step up to session.

1075
00:58:25,680 --> 00:58:27,840
You're back to NFS.

1076
00:58:27,840 --> 00:58:30,960
SQL for database.

1077
00:58:30,960 --> 00:58:35,440
SMB, RPC, peer-to-peer tunneling.

1078
00:58:35,440 --> 00:58:41,720
SCP, SDP, SIP for those digital phones in your network.

1079
00:58:41,720 --> 00:58:45,360
AH-323 video.

1080
00:58:45,360 --> 00:58:46,360
Very important.

1081
00:58:46,360 --> 00:58:48,800
And then you step up to presentation layer.

1082
00:58:48,800 --> 00:58:53,320
That's where you're going to have compression and encryption protocols happening.

1083
00:58:53,320 --> 00:59:07,120
And then finally at the top, application layer, application layer, Modbus, SCP-2, DNP-3, HTTP,

1084
00:59:07,120 --> 00:59:10,800
ICCP, BACnet, OpenADR, Goose.

1085
00:59:10,800 --> 00:59:14,400
Please don't ask me to tell you what some of those are, because some of those I don't

1086
00:59:14,400 --> 00:59:15,400
know.

1087
00:59:15,400 --> 00:59:17,800
But that's basically what's happening.

1088
00:59:17,800 --> 00:59:24,680
And then specific to the OSI model, what I learned in order to remember the order is

1089
00:59:24,680 --> 00:59:30,920
all people seem to need network data processing.

1090
00:59:30,920 --> 00:59:36,280
So that's the first letter of each layer put into...

1091
00:59:36,280 --> 00:59:37,600
There's not two Ns.

1092
00:59:37,600 --> 00:59:41,760
To need is the transport, not the...

1093
00:59:41,760 --> 00:59:43,320
Data processing.

1094
00:59:43,320 --> 00:59:45,600
Oh, you said to...

1095
00:59:45,600 --> 00:59:50,720
All people seem to need data processing.

1096
00:59:50,720 --> 00:59:52,560
There was one to go from the bottom up.

1097
00:59:52,560 --> 00:59:53,560
I didn't learn it.

1098
00:59:53,560 --> 00:59:54,560
It's funny.

1099
00:59:54,560 --> 00:59:55,560
I think if you got one direction...

1100
00:59:55,560 --> 00:59:57,640
Y'all can Google that.

1101
00:59:57,640 --> 00:59:58,640
One direction.

1102
00:59:58,640 --> 01:00:02,160
That's a bad reference.

1103
01:00:02,160 --> 01:00:04,720
No more beer for you.

1104
01:00:04,720 --> 01:00:10,200
So again, this graphic is going to be in the show notes for people to take a look at.

1105
01:00:10,200 --> 01:00:11,520
Okay.

1106
01:00:11,520 --> 01:00:13,640
So any questions on that?

1107
01:00:13,640 --> 01:00:14,640
I think we're good.

1108
01:00:14,640 --> 01:00:19,840
We're ready for another beer.

1109
01:00:19,840 --> 01:00:24,660
59 minutes.

1110
01:00:24,660 --> 01:00:26,120
You say another beer.

1111
01:00:26,120 --> 01:00:27,120
Oh no.

1112
01:00:27,120 --> 01:00:30,960
I actually brought another beer.

1113
01:00:30,960 --> 01:00:36,680
So okay, if we're at 59 minutes, I think we can probably call this a good stopping point.

1114
01:00:36,680 --> 01:00:37,680
Yeah.

1115
01:00:37,680 --> 01:00:41,680
Next time, so I'm going to have to come up with a new name for this.

1116
01:00:41,680 --> 01:00:44,280
The name that I gave was intended...

1117
01:00:44,280 --> 01:00:45,760
We can use that on the next one.

1118
01:00:45,760 --> 01:00:46,760
We can.

1119
01:00:46,760 --> 01:00:47,760
So try to have fun with the names.

1120
01:00:47,760 --> 01:00:51,560
I'll have to come up with something.

1121
01:00:51,560 --> 01:00:53,160
We'll figure out what it ends up being.

1122
01:00:53,160 --> 01:00:54,160
Welcome home.

1123
01:00:54,160 --> 01:00:55,160
Yeah.

1124
01:00:55,160 --> 01:00:56,160
It's good to be back.

1125
01:00:56,160 --> 01:00:57,160
No Boostergrams.

1126
01:00:57,160 --> 01:00:58,160
That means nobody's listening.

1127
01:00:58,160 --> 01:00:59,160
Sorry.

1128
01:00:59,160 --> 01:01:00,160
Well, people are listening.

1129
01:01:00,160 --> 01:01:01,160
Well, people are downloading.

1130
01:01:01,160 --> 01:01:06,160
I can say that.

1131
01:01:06,160 --> 01:01:07,800
People are downloading.

1132
01:01:07,800 --> 01:01:12,720
It took us eight shows to get to 300 downloads.

1133
01:01:12,720 --> 01:01:19,760
This is show 12.

1134
01:01:19,760 --> 01:01:23,240
We are 10 downloads away from 400.

1135
01:01:23,240 --> 01:01:27,720
Hey, that's really picking up, which is generally what you see.

1136
01:01:27,720 --> 01:01:32,240
And if it holds true, this episode will push us into the 400s.

1137
01:01:32,240 --> 01:01:33,240
Nice.

1138
01:01:33,240 --> 01:01:37,480
We can confirm that we have at least 11 subscribers, baby.

1139
01:01:37,480 --> 01:01:38,960
Double digit on subscribers.

1140
01:01:38,960 --> 01:01:39,960
We made it.

1141
01:01:39,960 --> 01:01:41,640
We have arrived.

1142
01:01:41,640 --> 01:01:46,280
So that being said, get this published hopefully tonight.

1143
01:01:46,280 --> 01:01:47,280
Don't hold me to it.

1144
01:01:47,280 --> 01:01:48,280
No, I'm not going to.

1145
01:01:48,280 --> 01:01:51,680
We'll finally break the 400 downloads barrier.

1146
01:01:51,680 --> 01:01:52,680
Come on Aussies.

1147
01:01:52,680 --> 01:01:55,800
I need just one download.

1148
01:01:55,800 --> 01:01:56,800
Just one.

1149
01:01:56,800 --> 01:01:58,800
You got to link road to us.

1150
01:01:58,800 --> 01:02:01,160
So somebody from road is like, wait a minute.

1151
01:02:01,160 --> 01:02:02,160
Yeah.

1152
01:02:02,160 --> 01:02:03,160
We talked about your product.

1153
01:02:03,160 --> 01:02:04,160
We did.

1154
01:02:04,160 --> 01:02:05,160
Would you like to hear what we said?

1155
01:02:05,160 --> 01:02:06,160
Very grateful.

1156
01:02:06,160 --> 01:02:07,720
You can send product.

1157
01:02:07,720 --> 01:02:08,720
Good job, bro.

1158
01:02:08,720 --> 01:02:09,720
Yes.

1159
01:02:09,720 --> 01:02:10,720
Okay.

1160
01:02:10,720 --> 01:02:11,720
Yeah.

1161
01:02:11,720 --> 01:02:14,000
So, uh, yeah, I think again, this is a good place to stop.

1162
01:02:14,000 --> 01:02:20,560
Um, I definitely rep recommend the Trappist Rush Fort number 10.

1163
01:02:20,560 --> 01:02:21,560
Nice.

1164
01:02:21,560 --> 01:02:23,200
So always recommend China.

1165
01:02:23,200 --> 01:02:24,200
Yes, absolutely.

1166
01:02:24,200 --> 01:02:28,480
And the XTM 100 and the XT it's worth spending your money on.

1167
01:02:28,480 --> 01:02:29,480
Thanks guys.

1168
01:02:29,480 --> 01:02:30,480
Yep.

1169
01:02:30,480 --> 01:02:31,480
Thank you everyone.

1170
01:02:31,480 --> 01:02:32,480
Thank you, John.

1171
01:02:32,480 --> 01:02:33,480
Thanks for joining us.

1172
01:02:33,480 --> 01:02:34,480
We'll see you next time.

1173
01:02:34,480 --> 01:03:02,600
Hey everybody.

1174
01:03:02,600 --> 01:03:23,960
Thanks for joining us.