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Warning. The following presentation contains information that might contradict what you

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have previously heard, or believed to be true, about how the human body works,

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and contains material that is not suitable for closed mind and individual. Enjoy.

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Well thanks for joining us. Today we're going to go ahead and continue our discussion about diet,

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nutrition, and metabolism. Once again, looking at does it really matter what's being eaten?

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And in this case here we're going to talk a little about carbohydrates today.

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Hopefully look at some of the myths and misconceptions that we have about carbohydrates,

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and then we'll talk specifically about one form of carbohydrate dieting as relates to a concept

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known as carbohydrate loading. So let's talk a little about carbohydrates and how much carbohydrate

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we're going to need within our diet. For most individuals we're going to need between 2.5 and

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5 grams per kilogram of body mass per day of carbohydrates. Within that we're going to need

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a minimum of 120 grams per day for normal neuron functions to take place. For our

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athletes and people who are highly active we can go ahead and get upwards of 5 to 10 grams

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per kilogram of body mass per day. Within that amount post-training or post-competition

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we're going to need to consume between 0.8 and 1 gram per kilogram of body mass for every hour

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that we were active. Additionally we're going to need to have about 30 grams per day of a specific

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type of carbohydrate known as fiber. Now there are some dietary restrictions where we can consume

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carbohydrates outside of that range and we'll take a look at those as we go through our discussion.

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But those are the normal values that we give for individuals. Now sometimes when we talk about

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carbohydrates and particularly when we're talking about dietary carbohydrates we hear a lot of

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references of good carbs and bad carbs. And what does that mean to be a good carb or a bad carb?

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Well metabolically there's no such thing as good carb, bad carb. Carbohydrates are carbohydrates

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and will be used a whole host of metabolic functions for the body. When we're talking

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about good carb and bad carb what we're really referencing is how does the carbohydrate that

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we're looking at fit within what's referenced as the glycemic index. And what the glycemic index

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is doing is it's giving us an indication of what is going to be the insulin response that occurs

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following the consumption of those carbohydrates and what is the rate of digestion and absorption

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of those carbohydrates. That is how soon after a meal will I see those carbohydrates in circulation.

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And this is where within the glycemic index we will have references of foods that are high

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glycemic foods, medium glycemic foods, and low glycemic foods. This is the indication of what

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other carbohydrates besides what are usually referred to as simple carbohydrates will be

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found within the foods that are being consumed. Where foods that are high have a high rate of

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digestion and absorption and will cause an insulin spike to occur due to the effects

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that the rapid absorption of the carbohydrates have on insulin functions and insulin signals in

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the body. Which takes us to a question as it relates to the dietary carbohydrates. Are all the

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dietary carbohydrates made equally? And once again this goes into our good carb, bad carb,

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misconception. Where we look at carbohydrates or sugars as being simple or complex.

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The simple carbohydrates or the simple sugars will sometimes also be referenced as monosaccharides

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that is a single sugar unit. And the principal single sugar units that we talk about dietarily

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are glucose, fructose, and galactose. There are other simple sugars but those are the three

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principal simple sugars that we look at in terms of the monosaccharides. Now those monosaccharides

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can interact with each other to make larger simple sugars which are sometimes referred to as

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disaccharides. The disaccharides include sucrose which is also referred to as table sugar.

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And that is a glucose and a fructose that's combined. Or we can get a simple sugar known

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as maltose. And maltose are two glucose sugars put together. And then within a lot of the

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dairy products that we will consume we will get a sugar known as lactose. And lactose is a

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glucose and a galactose stuck together. Now all of those disaccharides will get broken down digestively

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within the intestines into their glucose, their fructose, and their galactose units. With the

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exception of lactose for those people who don't happen to have the enzyme lactase available to

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them. And those are the individuals who will be lactose intolerant. Beyond the simple sugars we

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now get to what's referred to as the complex carbohydrates or the complex sugars. The complex

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carbohydrates are going to be more delayed in their absorption because it's going to take a

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little bit longer to digest them down. And these are going to be things like cellulose, sometimes

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referred to as fiber, glycogen, and amylose. Amylose will sometimes be referred to as starch.

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And then slightly smaller complex carbohydrates like dextrin or actin. Now all of these complex

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carbohydrates will get broken down into smaller sugar units and then eventually into their

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monosaccharide units in order to be absorbed because the one in which we absorb the sugars is

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we absorb the sugars, we absorb the carbohydrates as they're single sugar units and sometimes as

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a disaccharide. But more often than not we will absorb it as a single sugar unit. Those complex

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carbohydrates when they get their digestion taking place will break down into the disaccharide and

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then into the monosaccharide. And when they break down into the disaccharide and the monosaccharide

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we will then be able to absorb them within the intestines with the exception of fiber,

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with the exception of cellulose. Because we do not have the enzymes to break down that sugar.

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Now the microbes in our intestines do have the ability to break down that sugar. And as a

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byproduct of their breakdown we will get some other key nutrients that we would not be able to get

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without consuming the fiber within the diet. Fiber within the diet is essential for normal

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gastrointestinal functions. Consuming larger amounts of complex carbohydrates will lower

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my overall glycemic index of sugars being consumed. Continuing on with the idea about

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the dietary carbohydrates there's a few other myths and misconceptions out there about carbohydrates

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and carbohydrates in the diet. One of those is what about the issue of the person or myself becoming

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fat because I'm eating dietary carbohydrates. Well this is what we have to remember is that

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carbohydrates in the diet will be used for a whole host of other things within the body

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beyond just the energetic materials that we talk about the use of the carbohydrates for

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regenerating ATP or the storing of those carbohydrates for later use as lipids. We will

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use those carbohydrates in other pathways such as making some of the sugars necessary for making DNA

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or making RNA or becoming some of the metabolites involved with producing amino acids that will

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allow for the production of proteins or for making ketone bodies. One of the other myths and

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misconceptions out there is that consuming carbohydrates will automatically lead to an

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insulin spike which is where we get the idea of having a sugar rush followed by a sugar crash

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that a lot of people will talk about. This is where we once again we have to go back to the

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science and to the physiology. Insulin is only going to be involved with moving glucose from the

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bloodstream into the cells by metabolizing or activating one glucose transport one membrane

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protein to allow for glucose to move from the bloodstream into the cells and only in a couple

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of types of cells. Skeletal muscle, adipose cells, and liver cells. And it's only going to do this

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when there is a consumption of glucose that is greater than 1 to 1.2 grams per kilogram per hour

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within the meal that I'm consuming. Now there are times where I can have high levels of

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glucose in the bloodstream which can lead to insulin being released from the pancreas. But when

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we're looking specifically at the dietary components going on it's about the concentration

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of the glucose that is being consumed. There are other carbohydrates that will be consuming

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that will be able to move into the cells without needing the insulin. Now insulin does promote

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making of lipids, lipid synthesis. It's one of the many pathways within the cells that insulin will

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activate will trigger. But it will also trigger protein growth, protein synthesis.

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It will also trigger glycogen synthesis making a glycogen within the tissues that are able to

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make glycogen in particular skeletal muscle and liver cells. The one carbohydrate that we do know

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that actually does instigate lipid synthesis within cells that comes from the diet is increased

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amounts of fructose. Fructose will trigger lipid production, lipid synthesis, independent of any

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hormone signals within the adipocytes within the adipose cells of the body leading to fat accumulation

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when fructose is in excess and not being cleared to be used within other metabolic pathways.

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Other myths and misconceptions that relates to carbohydrates and carbohydrates in the diet

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is the misconception of a low carbohydrate diet being a no carbohydrate diet. The low carbohydrate

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diets are not a no carbohydrate diet. What the low carbohydrate diets are doing is they're attempting

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to get the person who's going to follow that diet scheme to shift from the high glycemic indexed

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carbohydrates to the low glycemic indexed carbohydrates and then reduce the total

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amount of carbohydrates that are being consumed within the overall diet. This is where the persons

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who are following this diet schematic may reduce their total carbohydrate intake to be the minimums

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necessary in order to maintain normal metabolic functions and normal neuron activities,

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meaning they are getting the 120 grams per day. There are some of the low carbohydrate diets

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that will have the persons consume less than that minimum and in order to make the minimums,

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the body will undergo different chemical reactions predominantly within the liver

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where we'll take glucose metabolites that are coming from other molecules, namely amino acids

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and lipid byproducts and we'll convert those glucose metabolites back into glucose so that the body

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is able to meet the minimum necessary for normal metabolic and neuronal functions.

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Within that low carbohydrate there is a couple of things that we need to be aware of. First,

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there's no standard definition for what a low carbohydrate diet means.

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I just gave you an analogy of eating less than the minimum 120. That seems to be the

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threshold for the low carbohydrates. However, some low carbohydrate diets can take the person as low

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as 10 to 50 grams of carbohydrates total in a day while others would be considered low carbohydrates

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if they're consuming below the 2.5 grams per kilogram of body mass per day.

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However, there are some indications for standardizations as it relates to what is labeled as a net

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carbohydrate if you happen to be looking at any of the packaging for the low carbohydrate

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materials within the grocery stores. The net carbohydrates is the indication of how many

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carbohydrates are digestible, absorbable, and metabolically active for the body

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and is determined by taking the total amount of carbohydrates that are available within the foods

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of that package and subtracting the amount of fiber and the amount of sugar alcohols that are

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available. And that's because when we look at the total carbohydrates within a package of food for

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serving, we're looking at all forms of carbohydrate, whether it's the sugars that we think about in

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terms of sugar, sucrose, table sugar, or lactose if that's the female product,

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as well as the fiber, as well as any of the other sugar alcohols that we cannot metabolize.

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And in order to find the net carbohydrates, that's how many total carbohydrates are available within

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that food, we take the ones that we can metabolize and we pull them out from the total amount

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of carbohydrates that are there. And we do that by taking the total carbohydrates and subtracting

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the fiber and the sugar alcohols that are there. Now, people who are active, whether it is physically

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active or mentally active, you happen to be a student, you need more carbohydrates than someone

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who is less active, whether they are physically sedentarily at not doing anything, or not mentally

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engaged with a lot of learning. Those who are active need more carbohydrates than those who are

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less active. If I am trying to learn if I'm trying to be active, reducing the amount of

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carbohydrates I have within my diet will limit my overall performance with regards to what my

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performance happens to be. And that's because I'm going to need carbohydrates for my neurons to

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function and for other cells within the body, which are referenced as being glucose obligated cells,

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to work at their optimal performance. And so by restricting carbohydrates, I restrict the fuel

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sources that are available to those cells, which means those cells will not function at the rate

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that we're asking them to function and can lead to a detrimental performance if I'm not fueling them

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correctly. So speaking of that, what are carbohydrates going to be used for? Well,

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they are going to be used for the fuel sources. They are a primary principle fuel source that

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our cells use for all of their energetic metabolism, making of ATP or regenerating ATP for the cell,

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for the cell to continue to do what it needs to do. It's not the only fuel source, but it is a

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principle primary fuel source. Other fuel sources that could be used include amino acids and lipids.

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Within the energetic pathways, the ability to use those other fuel sources leads to a concept

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known as metabolic flexibility. Metabolic flexibility is the indication of the ability to use

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multiple fuel sources in order to meet the demands for ATP by the cells and tissues

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during the events that I need ATP if I am not feeling well, if I have inflammation,

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the ability for me to be metabolic and flexible, drop. However, I'm going to be sending signals

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to attempt to cause glucose to be spared so that the cells of the blood, in particular the immune

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cells, have the glucose available to them so that they're able to do the metabolism that they need

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to do in order to make me feel better. Outside of fuel, carbohydrates will be used to make amino

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acids, to make nucleic acids, to make neurotransmitters. It will be involved with the production of lipids.

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They are integral to cell membrane integrity, and they are used in order to allow cells to

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adhere to each other in a cell to cell adhesion or cell junction that are used within the tissues

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of the body. There is a specific carbohydrate citrate that is necessary for normal bone health.

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Without that sugar within the bone matrix, our bones will become excessively brittle,

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and so we need carbohydrates for bone health, we need carbohydrates for cell membrane integrity,

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we need carbohydrates for fuel sources, we need carbohydrates in order to make things.

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Just because I'm having carbohydrates in my diet does not necessarily going to mean that I'm going

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to become fat, even though that is how a lot of people will present carbohydrates within the diet.

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But before we move on and discuss carbohydrate loading, let's take a step back and look at some

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of the take home messages that we have about carbohydrates. We need carbohydrates to have

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normal metabolic actions and normal metabolic functions. If I'm missing carbohydrates from my

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diet, my body is going to develop those carbohydrates from the molecules that I'm getting in my diet

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that are not carbohydrates or from the tissues of my body.

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Carbohydrate intake does not automatically cause one to become fat, even though that is how a lot

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of people oppose the positions that they have about carbohydrates in the diet. Remember,

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carbohydrates come in multiple forms and the idea of good and bad carbohydrates is coming

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from the glycemic index and not coming from how we're going to metabolize those carbohydrates

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for use in the body. Speaking of use, let's take a look at one specific type of carbohydrate

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dieting known as carbohydrate loading. Carbohydrate loading is a little bit more complex than just

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increasing how much pasta I'm going to eat before I go for a run or how many potatoes I'm going to

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eat in a meal. It's a way in which we can diet so as to allow for our body to store a little bit more

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carbohydrates in the form of glycogen. And so what is carbohydrate loading?

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Carbohydrate loading is a dietary plan that was first proposed and first devised in the late 1960s

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specifically for endurance athletes. Where it was noted that those who followed a lower carbohydrate

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diet for several days saw a depletion in muscle glycogen stores and a reduction in endurance

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capacities and abilities. Where following a higher carbohydrate intake for several days after a low

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carbohydrate intake led to a supercompensation of muscle glycogen stores that led to prolonged

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endurance capacity. What this dietary modification is aiming to do is it's aiming to maximize

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glycogen stores in the body where normally we will have between 600 grams and 1000 grams of our total

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body weight in the form of glycogen. Of this about 600 grams will be found throughout all of the skeletal

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muscles of the body and between two and 400 grams will be found specifically within the liver. While

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it was first proposed for endurance athletes we have expanded this idea to other applications

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for power athletes and for weight lifters.

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For athletes who are in bodybuilding or in fitness aesthetics competitions.

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And into the realm of health care. What's the physiology of carbohydrate loading and

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that would allow it to work? What the carbohydrate loading is doing is it's going to trigger

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signals within the body that's going to indicate the need to spare glucose. Sparing glucose is a

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hormonal response that is going to shift to change the fuel sources used by the tissues of the body

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away from glucose to other fuel sources lipids amino acids to meet the energy demands

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for the activities that are being conducted. The carbohydrate loading and the glucose sparing

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events that take place limit both hyper and hypoglycemic events that can occur within inflammatory

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responses by allowing for normal metabolic flexibility to occur within the tissues of the

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body. It also allows for immune cells to function at greater efficiencies with the glucose that is

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available to them. The supercompensation that we see with glycogen storage can allow up to twice

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as much normal glycogen capacity spread between skeletal muscle and the liver. What is interesting

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is that there is some evidence to support this supercompensation taking place without the need

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to fully deplete or strip away glycogen. So how does this take place? What is this process by which

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we're able to get this supercompensation? What is up happening is that during a depletion stress

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glycogen stores will be depleted they will be reduced. That reduction will trigger hormonal

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and metabolic signals within the tissues of the body to shift metabolic functions away from using

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glucose. When glucose is then reintroduced into the diet instead of spontaneously reversing back to

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using glucose for the primary fuel source the other fuel sources are still being used at a

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very high rate. And what this does is this allows for a reversal of glycogen storing

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where the depleted glycogen will begin to build on itself taking back to a normal glycogen level.

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As glucose consumption continues to remain high the hormonal and metabolic signals that were there

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from the depletion event continue to trigger compensation in the tissues to store additional

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glycogen. So that should a secondary depletion event occur additional glycogen is available

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for the body to minimize the need to do other metabolic pathways such as gluconeogenesis to

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convert glucose metabolites into glucose because of having an additional glycogen storage available

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for the body to use. What glycogen is is this a polymer chain it's a long chain of several

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glucose monomer several glucose sugar units stuck together and stored within skeletal muscle

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and the liver. When use of glucose starts to strip away availability of glucose that super

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compensated glycogen molecule or the normal glycogen molecule will then be broken up so as to provide

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glucose to the cells so that the cells are able to meet their fuel demand or needing to regenerate

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the ATP for the events that they are doing. So what is this going to do for the person doing

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the carbohydrate loading for the endurance athletes these super compensated glycogen storage

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postpones fatigue and extends duration of exercise. It improves performance in time trials

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that is how long does it take for the person to cover a set distance and it increases the workload

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that they can perform at following the supercompensation. For bodybuilders or fitness athletes

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or the aesthetic athlete it's going to increase silhouette appearance it's going to increase

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muscle growth without subcutaneous fluid retention the appearance of being bloated.

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What this does is this allows for the muscles to look larger and the body to look larger without

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appearing to be bloated so as to show physique maximally for weight lifters and for power athletes.

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It's going to increase the maximal strength within a one repetition max.

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It's going to delay fatigue when doing repeated repetitions.

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It's going to improve recovery and reduce the onset of delayed muscle soreness

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following a workout by limiting total amount of inflammation and breakdown of issues to

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meet energetic demands. For the endurance athletes we notice that this happens to be

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best compensated when the carbohydrate loading is done one to two days prior to competition.

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For bodybuilders or weight athletes or aesthetic athletes this benefit is done when we see

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carbohydrate loading done in between a weigh-in and competition or during the tapering phase

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leading into competition.

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For the weightlifter for the power athlete for the gym person the person going to the gym looking

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to have a carbohydrate loading benefit this appears to be best if completed within an hour prior to

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for the endurance athlete for the weightlifter and for the power athlete. There seems to be

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additional benefit if the supercompensated glycogen stores is also met with within competition

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consumption of carbohydrate as the consumption of carbohydrate appears to limit onset of fatigue

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and reduction in perceived exertion. Now what we have found out recently is that it's not just for

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the athletes and the exercisers. Carbohydrate loading for people who have metabolic diseases

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tends to reduce onset of hyper and hypo glycemia as well as reduction in overall metabolic stress

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for individuals who are attempting to get body compositional changes in fat mass and in fat

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remaps. Carbohydrate loading can be done in such a way as to increase fat oxidation

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and reduce total overall fat mass when combined with exercise in a weight loss protocol.

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Within the hospital pre-operative carbohydrate treatments have been associated with a reduction

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in hospital stay, an increase in well-being, a reduction in overall insulin resistance responses,

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improved body temperature within surgical procedures and for lactating individuals

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and improvement in breastfeeding. What has been noted for those who do a carbohydrate

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loading around surgeries is that there seems to be no difference in any post-operative and

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operative complications and that has to deal with what happens to physiology with the exposure to the

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anesthesia in particular with gastric reflex issues without having empathy and we'll take a look at

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each one of these methods here in a second. So how do we go about doing carbohydrate loading?

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What is the methods that we can go about in order to be able to carbohydrate load and carbohydrate

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load effectively? We're going to talk about a couple of methods here. These are not all the methods,

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these are just some of the more prominent methods. The first is what's referred to as the classical

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model or the classical method. This is the method that comes about from the research conducted by

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Alberg in the mid to late 1960s. 1967 is the reference that is most often used. This method is

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going to follow a seven-day model of carbohydrate loading in which we have a three to four day phase

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of depletion and in depletion what we're going to do is we're going to reduce carbohydrate intake

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and move carbohydrate intake from the high glycemic index sources to the low glycemic index sources.

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What this depletion does is it's going to shift metabolic functions at the tissues

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towards using non-carbohydrate fuel sources to meet energy demands to make ATP or to regenerate ATP

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in order to allow for activity to be conducted. As we go through the depletion phase, the athletes

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will begin to taper their level of activity. Tapering is going to reduce training intensities

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partially as a recovery effort leading into competition but also due to the reduction in

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total amount of carbohydrates available to be used for higher intensity activities. We have to

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compensate for the reduction in the ability to do anaerobic metabolism, metabolism without needing

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oxygen in the cells that will be utilizing the glucose that's available to them. As we work

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through tapering and as we get to two to three days before an event, we then start the loading phase

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and in the loading phase we're going to increase carbohydrate intake both in terms of the total

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amount of carbohydrates that are being consumed moving towards that one to 1.2 grams per kilogram

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of body mass per hour moving upwards into the 12 gram plus per kilogram of body mass per day

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in order to initiate hormonal responses particularly from insulin that will cause liver cells and

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skeletal muscle cells to start to store the extra glucose in the form of glycogen and this is where

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we will get that supercompensation taking place making the glycogen molecules bigger and more

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complex within the tissues at the end of the carbohydrate loading then we had at the beginning

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of the carbohydrate loading. That is one of the methods that's available. In the late 1990s

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researchers started looking at do we have to be that onerous? Do we have to be that restrictive?

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Do we have to make sure that this carbohydrate loading takes place over multiple days with a

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depletion followed by tapering followed by the supercompensation the loading phase and

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through a series of research through a series of experiments what the researcher found is that

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we can actually do this carbohydrate loading through a one-day depletion one-day loading event.

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In the one-day depletion the person will work at what's referred to as a super physiological

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level that is they're going to go above their maximal level by between 10 and 20 percent

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for an endurance session that will be then followed by repeated sprints at maximal intensity.

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That level of intensity in itself is enough to deplete the glycogen stores that are available

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to the athlete. If we follow that event with breast recovery and loading we're able to get a

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supercompensation that is a 90% increase in glycogen depositing just within the skeletal muscle.

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There is a secondary method of training which is sometimes referred to as train high eat low

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that is very similar to the depletion phase of the classical method and the one-day depletion

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method in which the individual will train for multiple days at high intensity but not super

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physiological in a low carbohydrate state. That will lead to glycogen depletion once performance

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starts to be reduced because of the reduction in availability of carbohydrate. The individual then

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have a rest day or days that is going to be accompanying a loading phase which will once again

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see glycogen stores supercompensate between a 1.9 and a 2.0 times normal storage. There is another

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method of carbohydrate loading that is done within people who are the aesthetic athletes,

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the fitness athletes, the bodybuilders or for individuals who are attempting to lose weight

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which is a cyclic carbohydrate loading sometimes referred to as a back loading in which the individual

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will be cycling between a low and then a normal carbohydrate intake. What's different from the

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back loading or from the cyclic carbohydrate loading is that they do not go into an excessive

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carbohydrate intake. During the low carbohydrate state they will follow the normal depletion phase.

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They will do this for a number of weeks. At the end of the depletion or low carbohydrate cycle

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they will then cycle with normal carbohydrate intake. What is indicated within the very small

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bit of research on this cyclic nature of carbohydrate loading is that there is a glycogen

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depletion and then a replenishment of glycogen that is not in excess of what we see with the

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normal classical model or with the depletion models either the train high eat low or the

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one day depletion but we do see a replenishment in mild supercompensation and the reason why we

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don't get a large supercompensation is because we do not go into excess with carbohydrate intake

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following this method. What we do see is we do see a reduction in overall fat mass,

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an increase in fat oxidation, the use of fats for fuel sources and in normalization of metabolic

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flexibility for individuals who happen to have any type of metabolic syndrome such as type 2

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diabetes and are attempting to use this type of method to lose weight. What is nice about this

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type of cyclic nature within the carbohydrate loading is that if I'm following a low carbohydrate

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diet because of how restricted the diet happens to be it's very hard to follow a low carbohydrate

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diet for an extended period of time by utilizing the cyclic low normal fashion what it allows the

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person to do is utilize a diet restriction in carbohydrates in periods that will maximize

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fat oxidation during the periods of restriction but keep fat oxidation relatively high when

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carbohydrates are still available. What about the hospital? We talked about the use within the hospital

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in terms of preoperative conditions. In the preoperative condition what we usually have is

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usually have a fasting period leading into the surgical performance. The person having surgery

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usually will fast starting the evening before the surgery so that they reduce any materials within

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the intestines and within the stomach so as to reduce any type of complications that might come

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about from anesthetic exposure. What carbohydrate loading research has shown is that individuals

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who will following the fasting window consume a high carbohydrate drink a few hours prior to surgery

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do not have any type of adverse event coming about from consumption of the carbohydrate drink

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end up having faster recovery times following the surgical procedures and for those individuals who

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will have a secondary high carbohydrate drink in a postoperative state and have any type of

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metabolic issues do not see any type of insulin issue or hyperglycemic issue high blood sugar issue

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following the surgeries when consuming the high carbohydrate solutions which is an indication

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that we have a way to help with recovery through utilization of carbohydrates in a

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preoperative and postoperative state which leads to a question that we need to ask particularly about

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the methods for carbohydrate loading outside of the hospital setting which is is there one

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method that's better than the other and this is where we could get the normal physiological answer

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of yes maybe but probably no or yes but no and the reason why it's going to be yes but maybe no

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is that it all depends upon what the individual goal happens to be for the person following

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the carbohydrate loading diet what is the goal that you're setting out to do with the diet and

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exercise program where are you at within your training periodization within your training

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periodization do you have the ability to have tapering taking place do you have the ability to

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follow the restrictions necessary to do the classical model or are you in a time crunch if I am simply

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using it for workout purposes then I usually don't have to worry about the tapering issue

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however if I'm an endurance athlete then I have to worry about those tapering issues

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if I am an aesthetic athlete a bodybuilder or a fitness athlete where am I at in my training cycle

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in terms of do I want to follow the classical model within my cut phase or am I going to be

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utilizing it very close to competition where I'm going to be utilizing that to maximize muscle

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girth in which I will follow a classical model or am I going to utilize it within other parts of

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the training cycle where I'm going to utilize maybe a train high eat low or utilizing a one day

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depletion method now here's a interesting caveat on the carbohydrate loading and it goes back to

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what we talked about in terms of neuron function if I'm a student carbohydrate loading could be

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something of benefit as relates to test performance and that's because neurons are going to be

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functioning off of glucose and glucose availability which means that if I have glucose available and

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have more glucose available following a loading phase very similar to what a weightlifter or what

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someone in the gym or a power athlete might do where I'm going to carbohydrate load 45 minutes

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an hour prior to an event such as a test I will have additional fuel source available to my neurons

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which should allow them to function at higher capacity well thanks for stopping by and thanks

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for listening hopefully you got some interesting tidbits hopefully we dispelled a few myths and

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misconceptions out there about carbohydrates and hormone responses to carbohydrate and how we can

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go about following distinct carbohydrate dieting patterns to maximize our performance and our

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overall health please stay tuned for more discussions on topics related to metabolism health

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physiology and overall human performance