WEBVTT 00:00:13.839 --> 00:00:16.839 Hello and welcome to Listen Up People, a podcast 00:00:16.839 --> 00:00:19.600 of the USC Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social 00:00:19.600 --> 00:00:22.620 Work. I am Dr. Eric Rice, professor and associate 00:00:22.620 --> 00:00:26.899 dean for a search. Approximately 13 million Americans 00:00:26.899 --> 00:00:29.460 suffer from post -traumatic stress each year. 00:00:30.100 --> 00:00:32.100 The traumatic incidents can include events such 00:00:32.100 --> 00:00:35.560 as child abuse and neglect, sexual assault, battery, 00:00:35.920 --> 00:00:38.960 community violence, grief and loss, and human 00:00:38.960 --> 00:00:44.979 trafficking to name but a few. In 2022, USC Social 00:00:44.979 --> 00:00:47.520 Work received a grant from the California Victim 00:00:47.520 --> 00:00:50.100 Compensation Board to develop the Trauma Recovery 00:00:50.100 --> 00:00:54.039 Center, or TRC as we often refer to it as. This 00:00:54.039 --> 00:00:57.100 is dedicated to providing free, safe, and culturally 00:00:57.100 --> 00:00:59.820 sensitive mental health and supportive services 00:00:59.820 --> 00:01:02.689 to those affected by a traumatic event. My guests 00:01:02.689 --> 00:01:06.530 today are the creators of the TRC at USC, and 00:01:06.530 --> 00:01:08.909 they strive to help individuals in the community 00:01:08.909 --> 00:01:11.489 heal from the scars from violence and trauma, 00:01:11.890 --> 00:01:14.909 so survivors can live long, healthy, and productive 00:01:14.909 --> 00:01:17.870 lives. I'd like to welcome my colleagues, Dr. 00:01:17.950 --> 00:01:20.290 Ruth Supranovich, who serves as the Associate 00:01:20.290 --> 00:01:22.829 Dean for Clinical and Community Programs at the 00:01:22.829 --> 00:01:26.370 School of Social Work, and Dr. Sarah Caliboso -Soto, 00:01:26.730 --> 00:01:28.950 who is the Clinical Director for the Trauma Recovery 00:01:28.950 --> 00:01:31.920 Center, and also our Telebehavioral Health Clinic. 00:01:32.299 --> 00:01:36.019 Great to have you both here with us today. Before 00:01:36.019 --> 00:01:39.780 we jump into talking about the TRC and the Telebehavioral 00:01:39.780 --> 00:01:43.079 Health Clinic, I'd love to ask a more personal 00:01:43.079 --> 00:01:46.519 question that I frequently start these podcasts 00:01:46.519 --> 00:01:49.599 off with, which is, how did you get involved 00:01:49.599 --> 00:01:52.560 in this kind of work? So maybe I'll turn to Ruth 00:01:52.560 --> 00:01:55.159 first. Was there something in your life that 00:01:55.159 --> 00:01:57.920 led you to want to work with people who are suffering 00:01:57.920 --> 00:02:02.430 from traumatic events? Probably the turning point 00:02:02.430 --> 00:02:06.109 for me was I was a young person who had graduated 00:02:06.109 --> 00:02:09.349 with my degree in psychology, not quite sure 00:02:09.349 --> 00:02:12.129 what I was going to do with that, and was kind 00:02:12.129 --> 00:02:14.189 of drifting around doing different jobs in the 00:02:14.189 --> 00:02:17.009 service industry and started volunteering on 00:02:17.009 --> 00:02:20.939 a suicide hotline. Somewhat oddly, I found those 00:02:20.939 --> 00:02:23.360 four hours a week volunteering there were my 00:02:23.360 --> 00:02:26.400 favorite time of the week. I just found it really 00:02:26.400 --> 00:02:28.819 rewarding and meaningful. And so many of the 00:02:28.819 --> 00:02:32.300 people that I talked to on that hotline had experienced 00:02:32.300 --> 00:02:35.280 all types of difficult situations, health issues, 00:02:35.460 --> 00:02:38.560 grief and loss, crime, sexual assault, child 00:02:38.560 --> 00:02:41.080 abuse, and so forth. So it wasn't too long after 00:02:41.080 --> 00:02:43.379 that that I decided to pursue my master's in 00:02:43.379 --> 00:02:46.340 social work. And I was very fortunate that I 00:02:46.340 --> 00:02:50.080 had two great internships. One was working for 00:02:50.080 --> 00:02:52.659 Child Protective Services, and again, obviously 00:02:52.659 --> 00:02:55.879 being exposed to... dealing with a lot of families 00:02:55.879 --> 00:02:57.639 that were dealing with with a lot of trauma. 00:02:58.020 --> 00:03:00.960 And my second one was actually providing psychotherapy 00:03:00.960 --> 00:03:03.919 services, trauma counseling to children and parents 00:03:03.919 --> 00:03:07.219 of kids who had experienced abuse and neglect. 00:03:07.319 --> 00:03:09.939 So I think that kind of set me up on the trajectory 00:03:09.939 --> 00:03:13.860 to be very interested in this area and kind of 00:03:13.860 --> 00:03:16.800 develop a level of expertise, so to speak. Yeah, 00:03:16.960 --> 00:03:19.240 yeah, I know. Certainly would seem that way. 00:03:19.300 --> 00:03:21.500 Sarah, how about how about you? What got you 00:03:21.500 --> 00:03:23.120 interested in working with people who are trauma 00:03:23.120 --> 00:03:27.270 survivors? Interesting question. It didn't really 00:03:27.270 --> 00:03:29.229 come from my background. It kind of fell into 00:03:29.229 --> 00:03:34.729 my lap. In 2019, I was asked to manage, provide 00:03:34.729 --> 00:03:36.969 leadership to the telebehavioral health clinic 00:03:36.969 --> 00:03:41.169 at that time, overseeing the interns' training, 00:03:41.650 --> 00:03:45.349 as well as ensuring that we were meeting contract 00:03:45.349 --> 00:03:48.550 obligations. And some of the trends that we saw 00:03:48.550 --> 00:03:50.650 were a lot of the clients we were seeing were 00:03:50.939 --> 00:03:53.960 victims of trauma or experiencing trauma or victims 00:03:53.960 --> 00:03:59.159 of crime. And to just cut really quickly to the 00:03:59.159 --> 00:04:01.860 pandemic, the pandemic happened. And we were 00:04:01.860 --> 00:04:07.120 we were asked to expand the capacity of the clinic. 00:04:07.520 --> 00:04:13.319 And we just so happened to run across a NOFO 00:04:13.319 --> 00:04:16.139 to provide mental health services for victims 00:04:16.139 --> 00:04:19.990 of crime. And Ruth and I just kind of said, let's 00:04:19.990 --> 00:04:22.889 let's write it up. We see a common thread with 00:04:22.889 --> 00:04:25.490 our clients, our capacity, the evidence based 00:04:25.490 --> 00:04:28.430 practices we were using. And it really fit with 00:04:28.430 --> 00:04:31.110 the NOFO and what we knew the clinic was capable 00:04:31.110 --> 00:04:33.149 of. And so it kind of just fell in that way. 00:04:33.610 --> 00:04:37.949 We really focused on that that population using 00:04:37.949 --> 00:04:42.410 our available resources, using our infrastructure 00:04:42.410 --> 00:04:44.389 from the clinic. And it really just took off 00:04:44.389 --> 00:04:46.709 from there. And that really leads me to one of 00:04:46.709 --> 00:04:49.759 my first questions, which maybe I'll push us 00:04:49.759 --> 00:04:51.639 back to you, Ruth, again, which is, can you give 00:04:51.639 --> 00:04:54.439 us an overview of what the TRC provides to the 00:04:54.439 --> 00:04:56.540 community? I mean, what is this Trauma Recovery 00:04:56.540 --> 00:04:59.759 Center? Sure. So the Trauma Recovery Center is 00:04:59.759 --> 00:05:02.439 actually a model of service delivery that was 00:05:02.439 --> 00:05:05.079 developed at the University of California San 00:05:05.079 --> 00:05:08.259 Francisco and has now been proliferated across 00:05:08.259 --> 00:05:10.860 California. There are actually 22 Trauma Recovery 00:05:10.860 --> 00:05:12.959 Centers in California, and there are now multiple 00:05:12.959 --> 00:05:17.040 across the nation. And it really is a model that 00:05:16.939 --> 00:05:20.180 provides holistic services to victims of crime, 00:05:20.899 --> 00:05:23.040 that after someone is a victim of a crime, they 00:05:23.040 --> 00:05:25.920 may have multiple needs. So yes, we know that 00:05:25.920 --> 00:05:28.500 there is trauma counseling and therapy that can 00:05:28.500 --> 00:05:31.860 be really helpful, but they may have become homeless 00:05:31.860 --> 00:05:34.519 as a result of the crime. They may have physical 00:05:34.519 --> 00:05:36.819 injuries, they may have legal repercussions, 00:05:37.180 --> 00:05:39.560 and it may have happened a long time ago, and 00:05:39.560 --> 00:05:41.939 they're dealing with the after effects of it, 00:05:42.259 --> 00:05:45.300 and that again, leaving them with multiple needs. 00:05:45.579 --> 00:05:49.100 beyond just psychotherapy. And so the TRC model 00:05:49.100 --> 00:05:53.079 provides case management and therapy and medication 00:05:53.079 --> 00:05:55.899 and consultation and management, but really kind 00:05:55.899 --> 00:05:58.839 of holistic wraparound services to meet clients 00:05:58.839 --> 00:06:00.939 where they're at to help them heal and recover 00:06:00.939 --> 00:06:03.579 from the trauma that they've experienced. What 00:06:03.579 --> 00:06:05.939 a great set of services. How does a person get 00:06:05.939 --> 00:06:08.399 access to that? If you want access to our trauma 00:06:08.399 --> 00:06:11.959 recovery center specifically, you certainly can 00:06:11.959 --> 00:06:15.259 just make a phone call. We have people that answer 00:06:15.259 --> 00:06:17.720 the phone during regular working hours, and if 00:06:17.720 --> 00:06:19.519 not, leave a message and people will call you 00:06:19.519 --> 00:06:23.060 back within 24 hours. But we also have, you can 00:06:23.060 --> 00:06:27.000 go to our website. put in a request to referral 00:06:27.000 --> 00:06:29.620 and a call back there. But similarly for trauma 00:06:29.620 --> 00:06:32.040 recovery centers, if you look those up, you may 00:06:32.040 --> 00:06:34.439 be able to find one that is in your community 00:06:34.439 --> 00:06:37.199 that maybe is a better fit for the person. One 00:06:37.199 --> 00:06:39.600 of the advantages to us coming from the telebehavioral 00:06:39.600 --> 00:06:42.139 health background is that we do provide a majority 00:06:42.139 --> 00:06:45.319 of our services virtually. So obviously if someone's 00:06:45.319 --> 00:06:48.579 living in Los Angeles, they can come into our 00:06:48.579 --> 00:06:51.680 clinic and meet with us in person, or we can 00:06:51.680 --> 00:06:53.500 go out into the community and meet with them 00:06:53.500 --> 00:06:55.910 there. but anyone across anywhere in California 00:06:55.910 --> 00:06:58.089 can actually access our services. That reminds 00:06:58.089 --> 00:07:00.689 me of what Sarah had said about the pandemic 00:07:00.689 --> 00:07:03.230 and leaning into these telebehavioral health 00:07:03.230 --> 00:07:06.649 services. Are you seeing more of your clients 00:07:06.649 --> 00:07:09.009 coming in person or more of them come through 00:07:09.009 --> 00:07:11.209 this telebehavioral health clinic? And has there 00:07:11.209 --> 00:07:13.509 been sort of a shift in the last few years in 00:07:13.509 --> 00:07:16.410 that way? Well, you know, we, as Sarah was just 00:07:16.410 --> 00:07:19.509 describing, we really established us during the 00:07:19.509 --> 00:07:22.449 time of the pandemic because we discovered that 00:07:22.449 --> 00:07:24.939 most of the other trauma recovering centers were 00:07:24.939 --> 00:07:26.899 kind of struggling to pivot and we already had 00:07:26.899 --> 00:07:30.139 an established telehealth clinic. So we kind 00:07:30.139 --> 00:07:33.779 of started as a telehealth option always because 00:07:33.779 --> 00:07:36.079 the trauma recovery model particularly says we 00:07:36.079 --> 00:07:37.600 meet clients where they're at. So if they want 00:07:37.600 --> 00:07:40.360 to meet in person, we absolutely will. But really 00:07:40.360 --> 00:07:42.759 the majority of our services have ended up being 00:07:42.759 --> 00:07:44.879 virtual. Sometimes a client will want to come 00:07:44.879 --> 00:07:46.980 in the first time to meet us and then they often 00:07:46.980 --> 00:07:49.620 pivot and say, you know, the virtual is easier. 00:07:52.300 --> 00:07:54.639 Probably at this point, I would say probably 00:07:54.639 --> 00:07:58.800 80 % of our meetings with clients all occur virtually. 00:07:59.839 --> 00:08:03.379 Sarah says it's even more than that. Okay. Maybe 00:08:03.379 --> 00:08:05.540 I'll pivot this to you since you're the director 00:08:05.540 --> 00:08:07.500 of the telebehavioral health clinic. I mean, 00:08:07.500 --> 00:08:10.860 about how many people are you seeing and what 00:08:10.860 --> 00:08:14.279 is the breakdown of this? I'm really curious 00:08:14.279 --> 00:08:17.860 about this post -pandemic shift in therapy modality. 00:08:18.199 --> 00:08:22.019 I think we're probably closer to 90. 95 % of 00:08:22.019 --> 00:08:24.519 our clients are being seen virtually. Like Ruth 00:08:24.519 --> 00:08:29.759 said, some will want to start in person and we 00:08:29.759 --> 00:08:34.840 can provide that to them. As the rapport builds 00:08:34.840 --> 00:08:37.659 and the trust builds, many of our clients will 00:08:37.659 --> 00:08:40.600 say, I want to try or I can't make it this week. 00:08:40.620 --> 00:08:44.259 Can we try online? Can we try virtual? And once 00:08:44.259 --> 00:08:47.080 they do that virtual appointment, then they want 00:08:47.080 --> 00:08:50.519 to continue it. Like Ruth said, it's just easier. 00:08:50.750 --> 00:08:52.870 They can do it from the comforts of their home, 00:08:53.009 --> 00:08:55.490 the security of their home, and they just like 00:08:55.490 --> 00:08:57.970 it. I mean, I hate to bring up the specter of 00:08:57.970 --> 00:08:59.750 traffic, but I mean, you know, in Los Angeles, 00:08:59.850 --> 00:09:02.129 I mean, just getting from place to place is such 00:09:02.129 --> 00:09:05.090 a hassle. And I would imagine even that alone 00:09:05.090 --> 00:09:06.769 helps it out. Sorry, Ruth, I didn't mean to cut 00:09:06.769 --> 00:09:09.649 you off. No, no, not at all. Traffic is definitely 00:09:09.649 --> 00:09:12.389 a thing, as in childcare and work commitments. 00:09:12.629 --> 00:09:15.490 But also people who've been victims of crime 00:09:15.490 --> 00:09:18.210 and, you know, have had traumatic experiences 00:09:18.210 --> 00:09:20.330 often will feel safer if they can be in their 00:09:20.330 --> 00:09:23.750 own environment. And so that can it may even 00:09:23.750 --> 00:09:27.450 be re -traumatizing. or challenging to perhaps 00:09:27.450 --> 00:09:29.269 leave their homes or come to a part of the community 00:09:29.269 --> 00:09:32.269 that they don't know. And so it also can be a 00:09:32.269 --> 00:09:35.590 trauma -informed approach to offer clients to 00:09:35.590 --> 00:09:37.470 have their services delivered in whatever mode 00:09:37.470 --> 00:09:39.889 feels most safe and comfortable to them. That 00:09:39.889 --> 00:09:42.070 totally makes sense. I really hadn't put those 00:09:42.070 --> 00:09:44.629 pieces together. I was just thinking more about 00:09:44.629 --> 00:09:48.850 the pure convenience of being able to teleport 00:09:48.850 --> 00:09:52.190 in on a Zoom versus having to slog your way through 00:09:52.190 --> 00:09:55.179 the Los Angeles traffic. that makes a lot of 00:09:55.179 --> 00:09:57.019 sense that people would have a comfort level 00:09:57.019 --> 00:09:59.159 of sitting in their home versus coming to some 00:09:59.159 --> 00:10:01.120 strange environment where they haven't been. 00:10:01.620 --> 00:10:03.379 Sarah, thinking about your work in the past few 00:10:03.379 --> 00:10:06.159 years with these clients, what are some of the 00:10:06.159 --> 00:10:07.980 services that they most need? I mean, obviously 00:10:07.980 --> 00:10:09.360 they're coming to you for some sort of therapy 00:10:09.360 --> 00:10:11.480 service, but what does that really mean for somebody 00:10:11.480 --> 00:10:14.559 who is coming to the TRC? Really good question, 00:10:14.700 --> 00:10:17.779 Eric. So when you think about someone who is 00:10:17.779 --> 00:10:21.860 a victim of crime, you know, at first or they're 00:10:21.860 --> 00:10:24.379 seeking mental health services and it might just 00:10:24.379 --> 00:10:27.120 that might be all they need. But as we get to 00:10:27.120 --> 00:10:31.080 know our clients and what we've learned is our 00:10:31.080 --> 00:10:35.279 big our clients might have. suffered a physical 00:10:35.279 --> 00:10:39.620 injury or have experienced extreme anxiety about 00:10:39.620 --> 00:10:43.679 even leaving their home. Maybe not a lot of our 00:10:43.679 --> 00:10:45.700 clients, but I would say a good portion of our 00:10:45.700 --> 00:10:49.500 clients after they have been victimized, they 00:10:49.500 --> 00:10:52.379 stop going to work. They lose their source of 00:10:52.379 --> 00:10:56.440 income, which leads to possibly not paying the 00:10:56.440 --> 00:11:00.000 rent, not paying their car note, not paying their 00:11:00.000 --> 00:11:02.639 utilities. So what I've seen from that level 00:11:02.639 --> 00:11:05.899 is not just they need mental health services. 00:11:06.000 --> 00:11:08.759 When you're a victim of crime, they might need 00:11:08.759 --> 00:11:11.820 other resources like Ruth mentioned, case management. 00:11:12.159 --> 00:11:16.700 We have provided lots of resources to food resources, 00:11:17.019 --> 00:11:20.539 buying them food. helping them pay their utilities. 00:11:21.000 --> 00:11:24.519 So it's not just this sort of linear mental health. 00:11:24.639 --> 00:11:26.860 It's not just that's all they're getting. They're 00:11:26.860 --> 00:11:30.179 getting a host of other services, case management, 00:11:30.539 --> 00:11:35.399 advocacy, linkages to wrap them around, wrap 00:11:35.399 --> 00:11:37.580 services around them so that they can return 00:11:37.580 --> 00:11:42.539 to a sense of functionality, that they can return 00:11:42.539 --> 00:11:46.320 to work and pay their bills. So that's what we're 00:11:46.320 --> 00:11:48.320 seeing. It's not just like getting mental health 00:11:48.320 --> 00:11:50.919 services, relieving some anxiety. It's a whole 00:11:50.919 --> 00:11:53.460 host of other issues that a lot of our clients 00:11:53.460 --> 00:11:56.500 are experiencing and that we provide that help 00:11:56.500 --> 00:12:00.600 with. Sounds really complicated. It can be. Yeah, 00:12:01.039 --> 00:12:03.980 yeah, yeah, no doubt. And Ruth, I know you're 00:12:03.980 --> 00:12:07.429 really as the as the Associate Dean for Clinical 00:12:07.429 --> 00:12:11.190 and Community Programs, you are an expert in 00:12:11.190 --> 00:12:13.970 making connections with community partners. And 00:12:13.970 --> 00:12:16.309 I would imagine that some of this complexity 00:12:16.309 --> 00:12:19.870 that Sarah was just talking about isn't all handled 00:12:19.870 --> 00:12:21.710 in -house, right? I mean, is this something that 00:12:21.710 --> 00:12:23.570 you do in partnership with other people, I would 00:12:23.570 --> 00:12:26.750 assume? Yeah, absolutely. We work across the 00:12:26.750 --> 00:12:29.629 community with other community -based organizations 00:12:29.629 --> 00:12:32.049 that are working with similar populations. We 00:12:32.049 --> 00:12:34.490 get a number of referrals, for example, from 00:12:34.490 --> 00:12:36.409 agencies that are working working with victims 00:12:36.409 --> 00:12:40.070 of human trafficking, domestic violence, organizations 00:12:40.070 --> 00:12:43.129 like Volunteers of America. So those organizations 00:12:43.129 --> 00:12:45.629 often are set up to help support with some of 00:12:45.629 --> 00:12:49.330 those. basic needs and then we'll collaborate 00:12:49.330 --> 00:12:51.870 closely with them and then we'll provide the 00:12:51.870 --> 00:12:54.370 mental health care in collaboration with their 00:12:54.370 --> 00:12:56.470 case workers and with the support services that 00:12:56.470 --> 00:12:59.129 they have there. But we do get a lot of referrals 00:12:59.129 --> 00:13:01.309 coming straight from the hospitals and the ER 00:13:01.309 --> 00:13:03.970 rooms. We get a large number of referrals actually 00:13:03.970 --> 00:13:07.649 from Los Angeles General Medical Center and the 00:13:07.649 --> 00:13:09.909 emergency room there and the hospital violence 00:13:09.909 --> 00:13:13.139 intervention programs. Sometimes they are or 00:13:13.139 --> 00:13:15.899 aren't ready to engage in psychotherapy. So that's 00:13:15.899 --> 00:13:18.539 when we do the linkage and the connection. And 00:13:18.539 --> 00:13:21.659 actually, to be honest, it's our masters social 00:13:21.659 --> 00:13:24.500 work student interns that work in our clinic 00:13:24.500 --> 00:13:26.759 that provide a lot of the case management. And 00:13:26.759 --> 00:13:28.700 they're the ones that really become masters in 00:13:28.700 --> 00:13:31.179 this linkage. And they work across the community 00:13:31.179 --> 00:13:34.779 to find resources to support the clients so that 00:13:34.779 --> 00:13:37.720 then the therapist can help prepare and get them 00:13:37.720 --> 00:13:40.799 ready for doing some psychotherapy. I didn't. 00:13:40.889 --> 00:13:45.730 I think I realized quite how much the MSW students 00:13:45.730 --> 00:13:50.610 were the workforce that drives this. Could you 00:13:50.610 --> 00:13:54.129 maybe explain how that works and who it is that 00:13:54.129 --> 00:13:56.789 actually does the work at the TRC? I'll kick 00:13:56.789 --> 00:14:00.210 it off, and then Sarah, you can jump in. So the 00:14:00.210 --> 00:14:02.809 TRC model uses what's called a multidisciplinary 00:14:02.809 --> 00:14:08.529 team. So yes, we have LCSWs on the team. We have 00:14:08.529 --> 00:14:11.519 a psychologist. and we have a psychiatrist actually 00:14:11.519 --> 00:14:14.519 that's also available for consultation. But the 00:14:14.519 --> 00:14:18.059 primary treatment is provided by associates in 00:14:18.059 --> 00:14:20.720 social work. So these are actually all of our 00:14:20.720 --> 00:14:23.059 current employees, our alumni of our program. 00:14:23.539 --> 00:14:26.700 They got their MSW through the Suzanne D 'Arpeggio 00:14:26.700 --> 00:14:29.159 School of Social Work and they applied and we've 00:14:29.159 --> 00:14:32.240 hired them as clinicians and they provide the 00:14:32.240 --> 00:14:34.379 majority of the psychotherapy services and they 00:14:34.379 --> 00:14:37.720 are students. advised by one of our faculty who 00:14:37.720 --> 00:14:40.500 is an LCSW with a lot of experience in this area 00:14:40.500 --> 00:14:43.240 of treatment and care. And then we also have 00:14:43.240 --> 00:14:45.899 MSW interns that are currently in the program 00:14:45.899 --> 00:14:48.480 and they do their internship, their practicum 00:14:48.480 --> 00:14:51.600 placement with us at the TRC. They work alongside 00:14:51.600 --> 00:14:54.500 the therapists and so they're providing the case 00:14:54.500 --> 00:14:57.320 management services side by side with the therapists 00:14:57.320 --> 00:14:59.759 that are doing therapy. And sometimes towards 00:14:59.759 --> 00:15:01.379 the end of their internship, they'll get a couple 00:15:01.379 --> 00:15:03.320 of clients themselves and they do therapy as 00:15:03.320 --> 00:15:06.279 well. That's great. I mean, sorry, is there more 00:15:06.279 --> 00:15:08.899 that we should know about kind of this model 00:15:08.899 --> 00:15:10.639 of how you've integrated people across these 00:15:10.639 --> 00:15:12.659 different levels? Well, just to add on to what 00:15:12.659 --> 00:15:14.820 Ruth's saying. So like, for example, this semester 00:15:14.820 --> 00:15:19.039 we are taking two second year MSW students who 00:15:19.039 --> 00:15:23.539 they will be specifically providing the mental 00:15:23.539 --> 00:15:25.879 health treatment. They are going to be trained 00:15:25.879 --> 00:15:28.960 in psychosocial assessment and diagnosing and 00:15:28.960 --> 00:15:31.419 treatment planning. and they will be getting 00:15:31.419 --> 00:15:35.379 trauma specific training. In addition to those 00:15:35.379 --> 00:15:38.679 two, I have a first year MSW student, their role 00:15:38.679 --> 00:15:42.159 will be as case manager. So that student will 00:15:42.159 --> 00:15:45.080 be working with all the clinicians to do needs 00:15:45.080 --> 00:15:48.399 assessment and to provide resources and linkages 00:15:48.399 --> 00:15:50.500 for all the clients who may need case management. 00:15:50.779 --> 00:15:54.759 So it's kind of. tiered. So we have our ACSWs 00:15:54.759 --> 00:15:57.440 who are graduates who are providing the care. 00:15:57.799 --> 00:16:00.659 We have our MSW interns who are in training but 00:16:00.659 --> 00:16:03.159 also providing care. as part of their training. 00:16:03.440 --> 00:16:06.159 And we have a case manager, first year student 00:16:06.159 --> 00:16:09.500 who's really new and has no social service experience, 00:16:09.580 --> 00:16:12.320 but will be exposed to case management. So we 00:16:12.320 --> 00:16:14.379 have different levels of learning, different 00:16:14.379 --> 00:16:19.879 levels of service provision all within this program. 00:16:20.019 --> 00:16:21.639 That's great. You know, I was thinking about 00:16:21.639 --> 00:16:26.500 this must be such a both challenging and also 00:16:26.500 --> 00:16:31.139 rewarding. area to work in. And I'd love to hear 00:16:31.139 --> 00:16:33.460 both sides of that coin, if you don't mind. I 00:16:33.460 --> 00:16:35.899 mean, so thinking about your own experiences 00:16:35.899 --> 00:16:38.720 working in this space and maybe Sarah, you know, 00:16:38.779 --> 00:16:41.299 just throw this back your way first. What is 00:16:41.299 --> 00:16:44.759 the most challenging part of doing this work? 00:16:44.960 --> 00:16:48.700 I would say particularly with telehealth, like 00:16:48.700 --> 00:16:52.000 doing virtual therapy is crisis and emergency 00:16:52.000 --> 00:16:56.570 situations. I think we have clients who are presenting 00:16:56.570 --> 00:17:00.830 risk, maybe suicidal or homicidal risk and providing 00:17:00.830 --> 00:17:04.000 that service. virtually is always a challenge, 00:17:04.000 --> 00:17:06.960 making sure that we have emergency protocols, 00:17:07.440 --> 00:17:09.640 that our providers are following those protocols, 00:17:09.920 --> 00:17:13.339 that we're providing supervision, proper supervision 00:17:13.339 --> 00:17:16.079 for those clients. We have clients who have very 00:17:16.079 --> 00:17:22.099 complex issues, very acute symptoms that sometimes 00:17:22.099 --> 00:17:24.519 we often use the word, maybe they need a higher 00:17:24.519 --> 00:17:27.079 level of care because sometimes the virtual nature 00:17:27.079 --> 00:17:30.960 of the services doesn't seem enough. So those 00:17:30.960 --> 00:17:34.680 types of challenges that go alongside clients 00:17:34.680 --> 00:17:38.000 who have experienced trauma. That can be very 00:17:38.000 --> 00:17:40.559 challenging because we just aren't in the same 00:17:40.559 --> 00:17:45.400 room with the client. So with providers, it can 00:17:45.400 --> 00:17:48.019 be a little scary, a little challenging, but 00:17:48.019 --> 00:17:51.059 at the same time rewarding when we can overcome 00:17:51.059 --> 00:17:54.779 those barriers, wrap that client with services 00:17:54.779 --> 00:17:59.519 and resources, and hear the progress with those 00:17:59.519 --> 00:18:02.240 clients. Right? And hearing that they've met 00:18:02.240 --> 00:18:04.299 these needs and hearing that we're discharging 00:18:04.299 --> 00:18:07.940 them because they're doing well. So yes, sometimes 00:18:07.940 --> 00:18:10.720 we have to get through those challenges to get. 00:18:10.910 --> 00:18:13.789 get them there, or they might have a lot of needs, 00:18:14.430 --> 00:18:17.369 right? Lots of housing needs. And that's particularly 00:18:17.369 --> 00:18:20.470 complex too. Yeah, yeah. What about for you, 00:18:20.569 --> 00:18:24.650 Ruth? What are the challenging aspects of being 00:18:24.650 --> 00:18:26.910 a part of this program for you? So I think for 00:18:26.910 --> 00:18:28.950 me, one of the challenges that I think about 00:18:28.950 --> 00:18:31.170 a lot is actually the well -being of our clinicians. 00:18:31.670 --> 00:18:34.960 I mean, this is hard work. Right. And part of 00:18:34.960 --> 00:18:37.240 the work is to sit there and be beside someone 00:18:37.240 --> 00:18:40.720 and hear about their experiences having had some 00:18:40.720 --> 00:18:42.920 really, really difficult things happen to them 00:18:42.920 --> 00:18:45.420 and help contain that. And they're all wonderful 00:18:45.420 --> 00:18:47.960 and they do a great job, but that takes his toll. 00:18:48.480 --> 00:18:50.859 And particularly, again, in a telehealth environment, 00:18:51.160 --> 00:18:52.980 there's all the advantages we've talked about, 00:18:53.000 --> 00:18:55.759 but they're mostly working at home alone and 00:18:55.759 --> 00:18:58.960 can be isolated. So we've particularly focused 00:18:58.960 --> 00:19:01.759 on building in processes and things that we do 00:19:01.759 --> 00:19:04.410 at the clinic to try and mitigate. We meet very 00:19:04.410 --> 00:19:07.269 regularly. We try to do in -person things when 00:19:07.269 --> 00:19:10.190 we can to bring ourselves together. We focus 00:19:10.190 --> 00:19:14.029 a lot on wellness. In fact, there is the National 00:19:14.029 --> 00:19:16.690 Association of Trauma Recovery Centers has a, 00:19:16.690 --> 00:19:18.650 I think it's a bi -weekly meeting that really 00:19:18.650 --> 00:19:21.549 focus on wellness and self -care that we encourage 00:19:21.549 --> 00:19:24.750 our staff to go to. We've had the opportunity 00:19:24.750 --> 00:19:27.029 to have them all trained in transcendental meditation, 00:19:27.069 --> 00:19:29.890 actually, through an opportunity provided by 00:19:29.890 --> 00:19:32.309 the David Lynch Foundation. And so, you know, 00:19:32.390 --> 00:19:35.190 just offering that as a wellness tool for themselves. 00:19:35.529 --> 00:19:37.869 But we're always looking for different ways to 00:19:37.869 --> 00:19:40.609 support our staff and clinicians as they do this 00:19:40.609 --> 00:19:43.430 very difficult work. And then the positive side 00:19:43.430 --> 00:19:46.450 from that is just seeing, actually seeing them 00:19:46.450 --> 00:19:49.150 move on. that might sound strange but you know 00:19:49.150 --> 00:19:51.930 we're really you know we're an educational institution 00:19:51.930 --> 00:19:54.049 and we're doing kind of workforce preparation 00:19:54.049 --> 00:19:57.289 and development and so when our interns move 00:19:57.289 --> 00:19:59.109 on and we hear about them getting great jobs 00:19:59.109 --> 00:20:01.509 in the community using their skills and when 00:20:01.509 --> 00:20:04.210 our ACSWs get their license and then they're 00:20:04.210 --> 00:20:06.730 now eligible to go and work in other places and 00:20:06.730 --> 00:20:09.509 take those skills with them elsewhere so those 00:20:09.509 --> 00:20:11.730 are from my perspective the positive things. 00:20:11.900 --> 00:20:14.500 Yeah, yeah. And Sarah, you had mentioned this 00:20:14.500 --> 00:20:15.980 a little bit too toward the end of what you were 00:20:15.980 --> 00:20:17.420 saying about some of the positive things, but 00:20:17.420 --> 00:20:19.799 what would you say is the most rewarding part 00:20:19.799 --> 00:20:22.799 of doing this work for you personally? I think 00:20:22.799 --> 00:20:24.900 just like what Ruth's saying, just seeing the 00:20:24.900 --> 00:20:27.660 growth from our interns, the growth from our 00:20:27.660 --> 00:20:30.839 clients, it's such a joy to hear in our weekly 00:20:30.839 --> 00:20:34.400 meetings when they're doing well, right? That 00:20:34.400 --> 00:20:36.339 they're able to get a job, that they secured 00:20:36.339 --> 00:20:41.190 housing. I think that is So, um, inspiring for 00:20:41.190 --> 00:20:43.289 me that we're doing really good work just to 00:20:43.289 --> 00:20:45.849 hear that. One of the things we always ask, well, 00:20:46.009 --> 00:20:48.509 I try to prompt our providers is like, what's 00:20:48.509 --> 00:20:51.990 going well, like, let's hear it because we often 00:20:51.990 --> 00:20:55.880 will hear. the challenging clients, what's difficult 00:20:55.880 --> 00:20:59.880 this week, or the difficulties they're experiencing 00:20:59.880 --> 00:21:02.299 with their clients. But we want to focus on the 00:21:02.299 --> 00:21:05.980 strengths and the work that we are accomplishing. 00:21:06.839 --> 00:21:10.000 And we know that this work, sometimes growth 00:21:10.000 --> 00:21:13.000 and accomplishments take a long time and so we 00:21:13.000 --> 00:21:16.259 want to focus on just those little strides being 00:21:16.259 --> 00:21:18.619 strength -based and just noticing those things 00:21:18.619 --> 00:21:21.200 that they weren't doing this a month ago but 00:21:21.200 --> 00:21:24.140 they now are I think focusing on that because 00:21:24.140 --> 00:21:27.299 we know change doesn't happen overnight and it 00:21:27.299 --> 00:21:30.079 takes a while it takes some time to do that. 00:21:30.200 --> 00:21:32.759 but just focusing on that so that we know that 00:21:32.759 --> 00:21:34.720 we're doing really good work. Yeah, that's beautiful. 00:21:34.880 --> 00:21:36.259 That's beautiful. I mean, Ruth, is there anything 00:21:36.259 --> 00:21:38.420 else that you think about as being really rewarding 00:21:38.420 --> 00:21:41.079 about this? I mean, you had mentioned about the 00:21:41.079 --> 00:21:45.339 growth in the workforce, but what else about 00:21:45.339 --> 00:21:48.200 this work speaks to you? the outcomes for our 00:21:48.200 --> 00:21:50.339 clients. And I have the opportunity to sit in 00:21:50.339 --> 00:21:52.440 on our weekly multidisciplinary team meeting 00:21:52.440 --> 00:21:55.119 and I get to hear the stories. And I think sometimes 00:21:55.119 --> 00:21:56.859 being administrator, I'm a little bit far from 00:21:56.859 --> 00:21:58.859 that. So it's really nice to be there and hear. 00:21:59.220 --> 00:22:02.299 And actually just brought to mind a letter we 00:22:02.299 --> 00:22:04.460 received from one of our clients who just spoke 00:22:04.460 --> 00:22:06.980 about, actually, this was somebody who had been 00:22:06.980 --> 00:22:09.380 a victim of clergy abuse, struggled for years 00:22:09.380 --> 00:22:12.640 with this and had been in treatment many times, 00:22:12.859 --> 00:22:15.059 but wrote this letter about that this was the 00:22:15.059 --> 00:22:18.220 time that he just really was very complimentary 00:22:18.220 --> 00:22:20.839 about his therapist, but felt really heard, really 00:22:20.839 --> 00:22:23.200 listened to, and really felt like he's been able 00:22:23.200 --> 00:22:25.220 to move on with his life since getting treatment 00:22:25.220 --> 00:22:28.740 there. So receiving those letters, hearing some 00:22:28.740 --> 00:22:32.839 of the stories, hearing the great outcomes that 00:22:32.839 --> 00:22:34.680 we can really help people move on with their 00:22:34.680 --> 00:22:38.279 lives, many of whom have been really quite debilitated 00:22:38.279 --> 00:22:40.940 by the experience that they've had. And being 00:22:40.940 --> 00:22:43.720 able to help them heal and move on is just, I 00:22:43.720 --> 00:22:46.720 think that's why we do this. I'm wondering, for 00:22:46.720 --> 00:22:48.220 the sake of our audience who probably doesn't 00:22:48.220 --> 00:22:51.539 know much about the TRC, what's the scale of 00:22:51.539 --> 00:22:52.940 this work? I mean, you're talking really about 00:22:52.940 --> 00:22:55.019 the personal impact that you have on individuals' 00:22:55.240 --> 00:22:58.279 lives, but are we talking about a couple dozen 00:22:58.279 --> 00:23:02.039 people that you see every year? I mean, honestly, 00:23:02.319 --> 00:23:04.180 actually, I don't know. I mean, I'm part of the 00:23:04.180 --> 00:23:05.799 same institution as you all, but I don't know 00:23:05.799 --> 00:23:08.900 how many folks you see. Sure, I can answer that, 00:23:09.119 --> 00:23:14.809 Eric. Past fiscal year 24 -25, we served 204 00:23:14.809 --> 00:23:19.390 victims. The year before that, we served 171. 00:23:19.569 --> 00:23:22.069 And the year before that, we served 16. We are 00:23:22.069 --> 00:23:25.690 growing in our capacity. The more we see ourselves 00:23:25.690 --> 00:23:30.089 expanding using MSW students, right, having them. 00:23:30.480 --> 00:23:34.099 practice, learn as a training environment, but 00:23:34.099 --> 00:23:37.500 also serving the community. We're having our 00:23:37.500 --> 00:23:41.099 processes and protocols refined. And I feel like 00:23:41.099 --> 00:23:44.279 we're a well -oiled machine. We have learned. 00:23:44.380 --> 00:23:46.279 Every year we learn. We reflect on our practices. 00:23:46.759 --> 00:23:49.839 We try to serve as many as we can, increasing 00:23:49.839 --> 00:23:52.779 that. Also, as our numbers demonstrate, we are 00:23:52.779 --> 00:23:56.319 able to increase it. not changed our staffing 00:23:56.319 --> 00:23:58.539 pattern whatsoever, but you see that we are able 00:23:58.539 --> 00:24:01.180 to see more clients. We hope to serve even more 00:24:01.180 --> 00:24:05.839 this year, given our two new MSW interns coming 00:24:05.839 --> 00:24:07.640 on board and our case manager. That's great. 00:24:08.119 --> 00:24:11.019 I mean, honestly, that's a big practice, if you 00:24:11.019 --> 00:24:14.720 think about it as a practice, right? Which it 00:24:14.720 --> 00:24:21.960 is in many regards. have goals for how you see 00:24:21.960 --> 00:24:24.380 this program moving forward in the future? I 00:24:24.380 --> 00:24:25.960 mean, I know you sort of mentioned that you want 00:24:25.960 --> 00:24:28.480 to see it grow in terms of having a few more 00:24:28.480 --> 00:24:30.880 people involved in the educational programs and 00:24:30.880 --> 00:24:33.460 more clients that you reach, but is there a vision 00:24:33.460 --> 00:24:34.920 for where this is going to go in the future? 00:24:35.039 --> 00:24:37.000 Maybe you'll turn this to Ruth first, and then 00:24:37.000 --> 00:24:40.400 Sarah, you can add to this as well. Yeah, I mean, 00:24:40.400 --> 00:24:42.460 I think our vision has really been to see where 00:24:42.460 --> 00:24:46.160 are there gaps or needs in the community and 00:24:46.160 --> 00:24:48.910 populations or types of services. that it's important 00:24:48.910 --> 00:24:51.829 for our growing professional social workers to 00:24:51.829 --> 00:24:54.029 learn and know about. And so if we can combine 00:24:54.029 --> 00:24:56.910 those two. So since we actually opened the Trauma 00:24:56.910 --> 00:24:59.450 Recovery Center, we've been fortunate to be able 00:24:59.450 --> 00:25:02.269 to secure a couple of other funding sources that 00:25:02.269 --> 00:25:05.130 focus on particular populations that have experienced 00:25:05.130 --> 00:25:08.509 trauma. So one of them is serving youth and their 00:25:08.509 --> 00:25:10.890 family members. And we were able to train all 00:25:10.890 --> 00:25:13.809 of our clinicians through that grant in two evidence 00:25:13.809 --> 00:25:16.890 -based practices, trauma -focused cognitive behavioral 00:25:16.890 --> 00:25:20.349 therapy. and EMDR, which is Eye Movement and 00:25:20.349 --> 00:25:23.430 Desensitization Reprocessing Therapy. That's 00:25:23.430 --> 00:25:27.730 a long one. But these are both therapies that 00:25:27.730 --> 00:25:30.269 have been shown to be very effective in treating 00:25:30.269 --> 00:25:32.589 trauma. And so we were able to train all of our 00:25:32.589 --> 00:25:34.130 clinicians on that, and then we're actually able 00:25:34.130 --> 00:25:38.039 to deliver that to youth. And then we have another 00:25:38.039 --> 00:25:41.079 one in partnership with a refugee resettlement 00:25:41.079 --> 00:25:43.480 agency here in Los Angeles. And we're providing 00:25:43.480 --> 00:25:47.039 trauma treatment to refugees. So we've been able 00:25:47.039 --> 00:25:49.420 to grow in those two areas where there is great 00:25:49.420 --> 00:25:52.200 need. And so I think that's what our vision is 00:25:52.200 --> 00:25:55.720 to continue to be scanning the environment for 00:25:55.720 --> 00:25:58.039 where is the need, what are the population and 00:25:58.039 --> 00:26:01.750 service need and how. Are we the position to 00:26:01.750 --> 00:26:04.150 be able to support and help with that with our 00:26:04.150 --> 00:26:06.869 particular combination of being in a teaching 00:26:06.869 --> 00:26:09.230 institution, an educational institution, and 00:26:09.230 --> 00:26:11.130 having this focus on telehealth? Is there anything 00:26:11.130 --> 00:26:13.089 else to add to that? Yeah, I just wanted to add 00:26:13.089 --> 00:26:14.730 on to what Ruth was saying, which was really 00:26:14.730 --> 00:26:18.029 leaning into our strength. I always say our strength 00:26:18.029 --> 00:26:21.250 is the telebehavioral health and our infrastructure, 00:26:21.470 --> 00:26:25.730 our training in that area. While it was introduced 00:26:25.730 --> 00:26:30.000 more commonplace because of the pandemic, it's 00:26:30.000 --> 00:26:34.420 still not accepted everywhere, right? So it is 00:26:34.420 --> 00:26:36.980 a practice that we like to lean into. We like 00:26:36.980 --> 00:26:41.500 to promote as part of what we do. We just feel 00:26:41.500 --> 00:26:45.000 that it increases accessibility. It fills in 00:26:45.000 --> 00:26:47.720 gaps for others who might not want to go into 00:26:47.720 --> 00:26:50.960 a building and just provides another option for 00:26:50.960 --> 00:26:54.240 clients. So cool. I mean, I'm so excited to hear 00:26:54.240 --> 00:26:57.660 about the needs that you're filling in the community 00:26:57.660 --> 00:27:00.279 and the innovative ways that you're approaching 00:27:00.279 --> 00:27:02.400 this. It's been so much fun to talk with you 00:27:02.400 --> 00:27:05.140 about this. I could keep talking with you about 00:27:05.140 --> 00:27:08.019 this for a very long time, but I think we're 00:27:08.019 --> 00:27:11.559 just about out of time. So I want to just give 00:27:11.559 --> 00:27:14.700 you a moment before we wrap things up to maybe 00:27:14.700 --> 00:27:17.480 comment on, is there anything else that you think 00:27:17.480 --> 00:27:19.420 about either the folks that you work with or 00:27:19.420 --> 00:27:21.539 the services that you offer that you would like 00:27:21.539 --> 00:27:24.279 to share with our listeners that you haven't 00:27:24.279 --> 00:27:26.180 had an opportunity to share with them yet that 00:27:26.180 --> 00:27:28.220 would be illuminating? And maybe I'll turn to 00:27:28.220 --> 00:27:30.259 Sarah first and then Ruth, you can close us out. 00:27:30.539 --> 00:27:33.900 I think one thing about working in trauma and 00:27:33.900 --> 00:27:36.920 maybe everyone should know that's looking to 00:27:36.920 --> 00:27:39.779 do this type of work. It's trauma work is not 00:27:39.779 --> 00:27:43.400 just an end result, right? It's not just a one 00:27:43.400 --> 00:27:47.579 sort of solution. It's a whole way of working 00:27:47.579 --> 00:27:50.680 with an individual and teaching them how to integrate. 00:27:51.200 --> 00:27:53.559 what has happened to them in their life. It's 00:27:53.559 --> 00:27:56.079 not just like, you're going to resolve this trauma 00:27:56.079 --> 00:27:58.380 and you're going to move on. It's really a much 00:27:58.380 --> 00:28:01.440 bigger picture is like how has the trauma impacted 00:28:01.440 --> 00:28:04.359 their life and how do they integrate that experience, 00:28:04.579 --> 00:28:06.900 the things they've learned in therapy for the 00:28:06.900 --> 00:28:09.660 rest of their life, right? Not just like getting 00:28:09.660 --> 00:28:12.740 to a point where they have forgotten it or they 00:28:12.740 --> 00:28:15.799 have processed it. It's more of a different way 00:28:15.799 --> 00:28:19.230 of looking at it. Being an agency or a provider 00:28:19.230 --> 00:28:23.710 that is trauma informed and knows that I think 00:28:23.710 --> 00:28:26.170 is really important for people to know when doing 00:28:26.170 --> 00:28:29.049 this type of work. Ruth? So yeah, I'm going to 00:28:29.049 --> 00:28:31.109 go back to like the social work perspective, 00:28:31.250 --> 00:28:33.690 right? We've been talking a lot. clinical programs 00:28:33.690 --> 00:28:36.170 and the clinical services that we offer. But 00:28:36.170 --> 00:28:38.630 part of our Trauma Recovery Center, we also do 00:28:38.630 --> 00:28:40.809 a lot of, we often talk about micro, but we also 00:28:40.809 --> 00:28:43.029 do mezzo and micro work. Yeah, the mezzo, we 00:28:43.029 --> 00:28:45.329 think about groups and we work with our community 00:28:45.329 --> 00:28:47.210 partners and we offer groups to our clients as 00:28:47.210 --> 00:28:49.490 well. But from a macro perspective, we're really 00:28:49.490 --> 00:28:52.650 into education and training as well. So part 00:28:52.650 --> 00:28:54.950 of our TLC model is that we go out to the community 00:28:54.950 --> 00:28:57.170 and we provide training to our community partners 00:28:57.170 --> 00:28:59.650 such as law enforcement or medical providers. 00:29:00.069 --> 00:29:01.970 In fact, Sarah provides a lot of this training. 00:29:02.000 --> 00:29:05.240 and gets great reviews really on trauma -informed 00:29:05.240 --> 00:29:08.359 care. Like how do we identify when a patient 00:29:08.359 --> 00:29:10.720 or a person that you're interacting with, their 00:29:10.720 --> 00:29:13.019 response might be based on their prior trauma 00:29:13.019 --> 00:29:15.579 and how the law enforcement or the medical provider 00:29:15.579 --> 00:29:18.099 or the individual can actually interact with 00:29:18.099 --> 00:29:20.200 the person in a way that does not re -traumatize 00:29:20.200 --> 00:29:22.339 them. And they do trainings and presentations 00:29:22.339 --> 00:29:24.680 on all kinds of topics related to this work, 00:29:24.799 --> 00:29:28.259 such as sexual assault identification, digital 00:29:28.259 --> 00:29:30.819 violence and its effects on young adults, gang 00:29:30.819 --> 00:29:33.849 and... trafficking, recruitment and perpetration 00:29:33.849 --> 00:29:37.589 and interpersonal violence. So it's a very victim 00:29:37.589 --> 00:29:40.089 centered training and it includes skill development 00:29:40.089 --> 00:29:42.150 and what have you. But I just want to let you 00:29:42.150 --> 00:29:44.410 know that we're also thinking on the macro and 00:29:44.410 --> 00:29:46.450 how can we support this beyond the individual. 00:29:46.750 --> 00:29:48.670 And we also engage with our partners through 00:29:48.670 --> 00:29:51.549 the National Association of Trauma Recovery Centers 00:29:51.549 --> 00:29:54.930 on advocacy, you know, at the local and at the 00:29:54.930 --> 00:29:58.549 state and national level on services for victims. 00:29:58.690 --> 00:30:01.150 There is a lot of this model has to to do with 00:30:01.150 --> 00:30:04.130 actually interrupting crime. There's that saying, 00:30:04.190 --> 00:30:06.309 and I think I've heard it from Homeboy Industries 00:30:06.309 --> 00:30:08.069 and Father Greg Boyle, he says, hurt people, 00:30:08.190 --> 00:30:10.609 hurt people, and heal people, heal people. I 00:30:10.609 --> 00:30:12.849 mean, a lot of victims of crime. they may go 00:30:12.849 --> 00:30:14.730 on to perpetrate crime, they may go on to be 00:30:14.730 --> 00:30:16.710 victims over and over again. And so being able 00:30:16.710 --> 00:30:19.450 to interrupt that cycle and start the cycle of 00:30:19.450 --> 00:30:22.390 healing is something that we try to do across 00:30:22.390 --> 00:30:24.329 all levels of integrated social work practice. 00:30:24.589 --> 00:30:26.849 That's amazing. That's amazing. What inspiring 00:30:26.849 --> 00:30:29.250 work. I'm so happy to have gotten the chance 00:30:29.250 --> 00:30:31.730 to spend some time chatting with you both about 00:30:31.730 --> 00:30:33.950 this. Thank you so much, Ruth. Thank you so much, 00:30:33.950 --> 00:30:36.890 Sarah, for joining such a great, lively, inspired 00:30:36.890 --> 00:30:39.069 discussion. I just want to say to our listeners 00:30:39.069 --> 00:30:42.240 that if you want to learn more about or somebody 00:30:42.240 --> 00:30:45.140 to the Trauma Recovery Center, you can go to 00:30:45.140 --> 00:30:50.779 our website, which is dworakpeck .usc .edu slash 00:30:50.779 --> 00:30:53.960 trc. And if you have questions for the guests 00:30:53.960 --> 00:30:56.740 on our show, or you want to support our transformative 00:30:56.740 --> 00:31:00.759 research and programs, you can email us at listen 00:31:00.759 --> 00:31:05.059 up people at usc .edu. And thank you both once 00:31:05.059 --> 00:31:07.640 again, very much. It's been just such a pleasure. 00:31:08.000 --> 00:31:10.539 Thank you, Eric. Thank you. you