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Hey, I'm Matt Brownell.

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And I'm Van Owens.

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And I'm Tim Adams.

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Welcome to Climbing the Mountain, where we dive into the scriptures and discuss themes,

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connections, and real life application.

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We're kicking off a series here where we're going to examine the Sermon on the Mount and

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discuss implications for this teaching for Christians today.

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It's my great pleasure to introduce Jim Garton to our listeners.

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First and foremost, Jim is one of our good friends.

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Jim is a teacher in our church and loves the Sermon on the Mount.

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However, what excites me most about Jim joining us is what he brings to this discussion.

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He's really passionate about ancient societies.

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And as we've observed already, it's really important to consider how Jesus' hearers took

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his words.

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Jim is also a great questioner.

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So we're going to turn it over to him to lead this discussion on perhaps one of the most

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pressing issues of our day, God and money.

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Contrary to what you may have heard, greed is not good.

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Well, thank you, Matt, for the very nice introduction.

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I am a great questioner, but I am a questioner, and so I always tend to ask why.

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I ask, what is this getting at?

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And I do have an interest in ancient societies because I want to understand the world that

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these people lived in, not just what this means, sounds like it means to me, but I want

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to know what it means to them and what it means in their world.

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So that's one of my big passions.

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This comes at the beginning of the ministry of Jesus' ministry.

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We don't know if this was several sermons mashed together, but the way Matthew writes

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it, it's really at the beginning of what Jesus was doing.

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And so it feels like, and reads like, it's setting the stage for the rest of his ministry.

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And Matthew makes a decision to put this here, and whether this was the combination, where

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he said it, when he said it, why Matthew made that, I'm going to let you wrestle with that,

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because I, to be very honest, I don't have a great answer for that.

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And he's talked about a lot in the Sermon on the Mount.

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He's talked about giving to the needy, our righteous acts, not being done for the purpose

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of being seen by others, and a little snippet of how to pray.

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He's also talked about loving your enemies, which I know you guys did a lot of podcasts

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on.

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He's talked about revenge.

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He's talked about reconciliation.

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He's talked about a lot of difficult, challenging things so far that don't just challenge our

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actions, they challenge our hearts, and they challenge how we view God and how we view the

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world.

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And so now he goes into one thing that I always find challenging, and just to be very

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upfront about this, we're going to talk about God and money.

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I am currently applying to grad school.

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One of the reasons I'm applying to grad school is because it's a better financial situation

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if I have the graduate degree than if I don't.

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And I think this is a very hard thing to talk about, because we don't have the choice to

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not engage it.

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We have to engage this on some degree.

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We can't just go off into the wilderness and ignore money.

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Money is something we have to engage with.

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We don't have a choice to skip out on it.

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And so we're going to talk a little bit about God and money, and how does that work, and

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how not straightforward that can be in the society we live in that absolutely, unequivocally

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worships wealth and stuff.

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And so he goes into three sections here.

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There's three sections here.

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There's the do not store up for yourself treasures on earth.

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And there's the eyes, the lamp of the body, and then there's the no one can serve to

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master.

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So we're going to read this, and then we're going to kind of go section by section.

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It says, do not store up for yourselves in Matthew chapter 6 and verse 14.

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Do not store up for yourselves treasures on earth where moth and vermin destroy and where

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thieves break in and steal.

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But store up for yourselves treasures in heaven where moths and vermin do not destroy and

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where thieves do not break in and steal.

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For where your treasure is, there your heart will be also.

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The eye is the lamp of the body.

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If your eyes are healthy, your whole body will be full of light.

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But if your eyes are unhealthy, your whole body will be full of darkness.

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If the light within you is darkness, how great is that darkness?

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No one can serve two masters.

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Either you will hate the one and love the other, or you will be devoted to one and despise

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the other.

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You cannot serve both God and money.

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So we're going to go section by section.

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We have some questions.

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We're going to start with the first section.

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When we consider the idea of treasures on earth versus treasures in heaven, how would

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the people sitting and listening to the sermon have taken that?

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Specifically, how would some of the different views within Judaism have taken that, have

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understood that and heard that?

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I'm talking things, Herodians, Pharisees, just a quick definition for any of our listeners

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who may not know.

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Herodians were Jews who accepted Greek culture and kind of tried to straddle the world of

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Judaism and Greek Hellenism, which was money which looks suspiciously like America does.

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And the Pharisees went off on their own to be devoted to the Word of God and to knowing

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the Word of God and to walking it out.

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That's probably an overly simplistic explanation, but that's sort of the bucket you can put

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them in.

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So how would they have taken it?

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I might perpetuate some stereotypes here with my response, I don't know.

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But because I'm sure there were some soft and heart-hearted people in each of these

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groups when they heard Jesus.

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But in general, I'd say, I bet a Herodian or I'd say a Sadducee for that matter would

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have been either deeply disturbed or maybe dismissive.

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I don't know.

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It's hard to know.

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I'd say they were probably heart-hearted or deaf to Jesus' words on this matter.

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I think they probably would have tuned him out or maybe sought to discredit him and therefore

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discredit what he was saying.

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I think you were mentioning that they were entrenched in the world, they benefited from

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creature comfort.

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Of all the people in Jesus' society, you're right, we're probably closest to them with

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our whole consumeristic culture.

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The thing that I'm reminded about is I was thinking about the church in Laodicea when

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Jesus, the words that were spoken to them, you say, I'm rich.

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I have acquired wealth.

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I do not need a thing.

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But you do not realize that you were wretched, pitiful, poor, blind, and naked.

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I think that speaks to them, but I think it speaks to our society too.

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Yeah.

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I'd be really curious, Jim, how you would think each of these people have heard this,

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because it's not something I'm super familiar with.

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I just thought about in the passage in Matthew 19 where we're seeing the rich young ruler

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and Jesus is talking about it's more difficult for a rich man, for a camel go through, I

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have a needle in for a rich man under the kingdom of heaven.

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The disciples are shocked because they assume, I think like most of the culture at some way,

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that there's a link between, if I have a lot of wealth, then I've been blessed.

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And so the fact that we're not supposed to store up treasure on earth, I think would

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just sound strange to most people because, well, aren't I doing something right if I

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have this material blessing?

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That's a good point.

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My understanding is there was an idea within Judaism that if you were wealthy, you were

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blessed.

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How prevalent that idea was amongst the disciples and there are kind of different ways of seeing

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the world is an open question that we probably don't have a good answer to.

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I've heard some people talk about blessed or the poor in spirit, but then they just

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say blessed or the poor.

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So speaking to that, if you've got great wealth, oh, God has blessed me, well, are you

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sure it's a blessing?

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I don't know.

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Yeah.

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But in the Old Testament, there's a ton of examples of God materially blessing people

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and that's part of the divine promise in the covenant that God's going to take care of

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as people.

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So I would even question our view of that, is God blessing them with abundance or is

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he blessing them with enough?

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Is the blessing that God provides you with just enough or is it that God provides us

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with far more than we could ever hope for materially?

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And if you were blessed in such a way in that society, would you have a lot of people that

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worked for you that you would be providing for at the same time?

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And so you're blessing, but you're also giving out?

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I don't know.

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I, that's, yeah, I think that, well, so my first thought about Herodians, Pharisees,

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Sadducees, and I had to refresh myself on who those different groups of people were.

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And the thing that they had in common was that they were all religious, right?

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And I think that as a person who's been religious for a long time, there is a tendency when

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something hits you from the Bible or something hits you from a sermon.

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There is a tendency when you've got sort of solidified religion in your soul.

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And I don't mean religion in a good sense because there's a good sense and a bad sense

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that the first thing I can do is to say, boy, that's a good passage for Jim.

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Cause I think he's got some issues.

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Or boy, this is a good passage for me to share with so and so because he's got, so my tendency

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can be the first thing I can think, if I'm a Pharisee, the first thing I can think is,

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yeah, that's those Herodians.

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They have a problem with this.

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I don't, I'm cool.

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But this is a good Jesus.

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When you talk to them and the Herodians are thinking the same, yeah, talk to those Sadducees.

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They're the ones in charge of the temple and they're the ones who got all the temple treasury

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and they're the ones who are abusing that money and they're the ones who are living off

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the fat of the land from all these poor people who are contributing to them all the time.

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This is for them and to, to, to, uh, to rebuph it by putting it on someone else.

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Yeah.

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That's a good point.

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So, so to, just to get back to what Tim's question was and my, my own personal thought

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is if a Herodian heard, if a good-hearted Herodian heard this, it would be wincing in

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the crowd like, oh, I, uh, and they would see that, yeah, I'm proud.

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I would like to think they would see I'm probably doing that.

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And if a bad-hearted Herodian heard this, they'd probably do some sort of mental gymnastics

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to explain it away, which I'm sure none of us have ever done any mental gymnastics to

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explain things away.

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Jesus says,

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I had a gold medal in mental gymnastics.

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I'm not smart enough for that.

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Um, I, I actually think the Pharisees, and this is a thing that, uh, at least a couple

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of you and I have discussed at different points.

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If we take the Pharisees as a group, which is not totally fair, I know, but we have to

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talk in general terms to ever have a discussion, the Pharisees were actually pretty good at

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denying their, at denying the pursuit of wealth if you take them as a big picture.

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They didn't, they didn't have ornate houses.

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They didn't have extra stuff.

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They really did in a lot of ways devote themselves to the text and to walking it out.

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And I, I think most Pharisees would hear this and say, yeah, I'm with that.

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I'm for don't store up treasures in heaven or don't store up treasures on earth, store

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up treasures in heaven.

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So don't pursue wealth this side of eternity.

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I think the Pharisees might have been figuratively standing up and clapping here and, and would

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be that a lot of them would be totally with Jesus.

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Now there was also, I'm sure there were some Pharisees who were working with the Sadducees

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who had the temple treasury and who greatly benefited from materially from this.

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But so I think what I, what I think is so challenging about this is that there's different

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ways that people can take this even within the same faith tradition.

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You know, you have Jews and you have different Jews are going to hear this different ways.

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A zealot would probably hear this and go, yeah, you can't store up treasure on earth.

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I have no treasure on earth.

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Now the zealot would have been challenged by some other things that happened early,

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that he said earlier in the sermon.

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What do we do with that information?

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Well, I, I was kind of thinking, I don't know, something you said about the Pharisees

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I wanted to, to react to because I, I feel like you're probably right there.

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And maybe I felt if I could lump the Essians in there too, because they were another group

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at the time.

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I feel like what you and what Van were saying about, I think speaks to us today too, because

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anyone who's been religious could have that trap of falling into that mindset of saying

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that this is, yeah, really good.

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And point your finger at everyone else that needs to repent.

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And I could see, you know, the Essians, they were, they were an apocalyptic sect of Judaism

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and they went off and, you know, abandoned the corrupt temple in Jerusalem.

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The Pharisees, I think were a little more interesting because they didn't go off somewhere

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else and they tried to bring that to the people.

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But they also, I think, wanted to be gatekeepers.

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And that's, that's something that I think in, in each of our hearts, our sinful nature

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wants to be the one who's in control somehow and feel good about myself.

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And I've got all these rules and I, I know we don't see totally eye to eye on the Pharisees.

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I really, I appreciate everything they did.

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I mean, we owe a ton to them for how the synagogue system was set up and Paul, you know, hey,

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he's wrote a whole lot of, most of the New Testament.

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I think you, you end up with probably some of the pillars of the early church being former

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Pharisees who were repented.

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But I think it's really interesting at the same time that Jesus, his ministry was in

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the epicenter of their, their work because I think the other thing about them is that

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they're, they're kind of the pinnacle of the way I view them as relying on their own strength,

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like doing their own thing, which is kind of a lot of what the Old Testament was.

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We're going to do this.

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And then the New Testament, I think, is marked by the Holy Spirit and about reliance on God

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turning to him.

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And so I think there's, there's something about that in all of this that I think rings

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is a through line in these passages.

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Yeah.

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And I, Matt, I think your, your idea of not relying on self and I, and this is where I

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think it's an open question.

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Sorry, there's a lot of open questions in this, like any Jesus, like any good Jewish rabbi

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gives you a lot more questions than he gives you answers.

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So they're open for us to wrestle with.

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I don't know how well formed a concept of like relying on God.

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And certainly the Holy Spirit was at the time Jesus was saying this.

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So I don't want to like count the fact that the Pharisees were not relying on the Holy

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Spirit prior to Jesus against them, but I can certainly see where you're coming from

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of they sort of acted as gatekeepers and they, they certainly were not good at remembering

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the outcasts, the people that God that that was not their strength.

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They did a pretty good job walking out the text for them.

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They didn't necessarily do a great job, including the marginalized, including the people who

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didn't traditionally fit into God's, you know, the thing they thought God was doing.

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Like when I, when I was reading this, I was thinking they were probably defensive because

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the pre preceding passage seems like a lot of stuff that they, you know, prayed in public

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and gave and people knew about it and all that kind of stuff.

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They probably were the ones saying, Oh, yeah, this isn't me, of course, because, you know,

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I give a tenth even of my spices.

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Yeah.

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You know, everyone knows that.

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But I do think when they heard this, they might have been like, Okay, I can get, I can

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get behind that.

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If I was, if I'm trying to put myself in the headspace of a Pharisee listening to this,

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I probably would have thought I can get behind what he's saying here.

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So we're going to try to move on a little bit because we got a lot of questions to get

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through.

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Can I not move on for just a second?

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You can not move on.

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I have one script to read too.

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This is how Matt and I talk on a normal basis.

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I know.

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I go off in a million directions.

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But you did ask, what's the, what's the big picture here?

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Right.

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I mean, I think, I think that's worth spending a second to think about too.

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And I think the bigger point Jesus is making is about our heart and what we treasure.

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So, and, and I just want to bring out one little thing about the translation here.

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It's fine to use store up treasures, but it's missing the word play.

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Jesus is actually using a different form of the same word.

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A better way to put it might be quit, treasuring earthly treasures, begin treasuring heavenly

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treasures.

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And then I think, you know, versus 21 and 24, which we'll talk about that they unlock

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the rest of this for me.

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But I think what Jesus does is he pits the focus of our heart's desire as a struggle

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between looking to God or the world.

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And money is that, that thread through all of it because it, I mean, abstinently, you

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can buy anything with money, any earthly treasure.

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Yeah.

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Money does solve a lot of problems in the war, in our world.

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More money does, it solves some stuff for you.

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And I like, and I, and Tim, I want you to definitely read your scripture, but I just

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want to say one little thing about your note about the translation, Matt, is that I think

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it is important to think of treasure as a verb in this sense, because what you treasure

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does not, does has nothing to do with how much money you have or how much money you

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make.

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And Jesus's concern is not necessarily the fact that you have money.

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He's not saying don't have money.

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He's saying don't treasure things that don't last forever.

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And so I think that that's a, that's a really important point for me when I read these passages

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about not just this one, but any passage usually about money is what's your attitude towards

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it.

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Yeah.

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No, I think that's a great point.

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I'm just looking at the parallel passage in Luke 16, where, I mean, there's a couple

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places in Luke, but this one is verse 13 and 14.

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So it says, no one can serve two masters.

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Either you hate the one and love the other, or you'll be devoted to the one despise the

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other.

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You cannot serve both God and money.

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And then it gives a response.

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It said, the Pharisees who loved money heard all this and were sneering at Jesus.

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He said to them, you are the ones who justify yourselves in the eyes of others, but God knows

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your hearts.

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What people value highly is the testable on God's sight.

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So, I mean, it doesn't say all the Pharisees love money.

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It doesn't say all the Pharisees.

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Yeah.

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That was the point I was going to make.

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But I did, I did think about that while we were talking.

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And that last line, I think gets at what you just said, Van, will people value highly is

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the testable on God's sight.

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There's a mismatch in our, in our values.

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In our values and what we treasure.

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That is extremely different than what God actually values.

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Yeah.

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And as soon as you, as soon as you start to start to put yourself in a tribe, as soon

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as you say, I'm a Pharisee, then you, you develop this kind of tribal devotion to being

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that.

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And then that can, if you're not careful, shield you from your own weaknesses, the weaknesses

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of the group.

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And the fact of the matter is there were Pharisees and Sadducees and Essens and Herodians and

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everybody.

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And there was greed and love of money and all of those groups, no matter what their standard

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was.

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And I think that what Jesus is talking about here, and I really appreciate you bringing

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that scripture up, Tim, is because what Jesus is talking about here is your heart.

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What is in your heart?

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What are you cherishing in your heart?

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What are you treasuring?

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And, and he's addressing the fact that you cannot treasure what you cannot keep forever.

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And that's, and that's a great way to kind of wrap this episode up is that, is two things,

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what we cherish on this earth we can't keep forever.

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And we're called to value, to change the way we think, to value what God values.

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And that's not an easy equation.

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And I think for the rest of our discussion, one thing I just, I want to go back to what

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Tim said, it says the Pharisees loved money and while, in my opinion, the Pharisees were

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generally 30,000 foot good at denying wealth, not pursuing wealth, it also shows that we

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can't view them as a monolith.

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That they're not, just because the Pharisees as a group were not that, and like Van said,

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that their strength as a group was that, that doesn't mean that the, some particular

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Pharisees weren't, didn't have some weaknesses in those areas.

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And so hopefully next podcast, we're going to start talking a little bit more about some

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of the ways we do this and some of the pitfalls of money and stuff and wealth and, and all

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of that.

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But I really appreciate what you guys had to say, really good thought provoking stuff.

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And we're going to continue this discussion in the next pod.

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Thanks Jim.

